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OBJECTIVE: The study will be to observe the effect of Sodium butyrate (NaB) on bone loss in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-treated rats. METHODS: In the rat model, we observed that changes in the expression of oxidative stress regulators, inflammatory markers and target genes were measured by immunofluorescence and RT-PCR after treatment. Changes in viability and osteogenesis of MC3T3-E1, osteoclast differentiation in RAW264.7 cells in the presence of LPS were evaluated using CCK-8, ALP staining, RES staining, and TRAP staining. RESULTS: In vitro experiments have shown that LPS-induced inhibition of JC-1, SIRT1, GPX1 and SOD2 is associated with increased levels of inflammation and oxidative stress. In addition, NaB has been found to suppress oxidative stress, inflammation and Mito SOX, promote osteogenic differentiation, and inhibit osteoclast differentiation. In addition, NaB significantly promoted SITR1 expression, repaired impaired bone metabolism, and improved bone strength and bone mineral density. CONCLUSION: Given all this experimental evidence, the results strongly suggest that NaB can restore osteogenic activity in the presence of LPS by reducing intracellular ROS, inhibiting osteoclast differentiation and reducing bone loss in LPS-treated rat models.
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Ácido Butírico , Inflamación , Lipopolisacáridos , Estrés Oxidativo , Animales , Lipopolisacáridos/toxicidad , Lipopolisacáridos/farmacología , Estrés Oxidativo/efectos de los fármacos , Ratas , Ácido Butírico/farmacología , Inflamación/metabolismo , Inflamación/tratamiento farmacológico , Ratones , Células RAW 264.7 , Osteogénesis/efectos de los fármacos , Osteoclastos/efectos de los fármacos , Osteoclastos/metabolismo , Diferenciación Celular/efectos de los fármacos , Densidad Ósea/efectos de los fármacos , Masculino , Ratas Sprague-Dawley , Huesos/efectos de los fármacos , Huesos/metabolismoRESUMEN
BACKGROUND: Osteoporosis prevalence is increased in Crohn's disease (CD). Its pathogenesis in these patients is incompletely understood. OBJECTIVES: To identify factors associated with decreased bone mineral density (BMD) status in CD patients on a time-line course. METHODS: A retrospective study was performed that followed CD patients who underwent at least two bone mineral density scans (DEXAs). Follow-up began one year prior to the first DEXA test and lasted at least one year after a second test. Possible correlations between baseline and follow-up variables and changes in BMD status were examined. Change in BMD was defined as a transition from one bone density category to another (normal vs. osteopenia vs. osteoporosis). Binary variables were assessed using the Cochrane-Armitage test. Categorical variables were assessed using the chi-squared test. A multivariate analysis was performed. RESULTS: The study included 141 patients. At baseline, 33 patients (23.4%) had normal BMD, 75 (53.2%) had osteopenia, and 33 (23.4%) had osteoporosis. Patients with low BMD had a lower baseline BMI compared to those with normal BMD (p < 0.0001). After a median follow-up of 48 months (IQR 29-71), BMD status worsened in 19 (13.5%) patients, whereas in 95 (67.3%) and 27 (19.1%) patients, BMD remained unchanged or improved, respectively. On the multivariate analysis, elevated median CRP throughout follow-up (OR = 0.8, 95% CI: 0.68-0.93) and low baseline BMI (OR = 0.9, 95% CI: 0.83-0.98) were associated with a lack of BMD status improvement. CONCLUSIONS: Persistently elevated CRP and low BMI are associated with a lack of improvement in BMD. These findings underscore the importance of effective inflammation control and nutritional support to maintain and improve bone health.
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Índice de Masa Corporal , Densidad Ósea , Enfermedades Óseas Metabólicas , Proteína C-Reactiva , Enfermedad de Crohn , Osteoporosis , Humanos , Enfermedad de Crohn/sangre , Enfermedad de Crohn/complicaciones , Femenino , Masculino , Estudios Retrospectivos , Adulto , Proteína C-Reactiva/análisis , Proteína C-Reactiva/metabolismo , Osteoporosis/sangre , Osteoporosis/etiología , Enfermedades Óseas Metabólicas/sangre , Enfermedades Óseas Metabólicas/etiología , Persona de Mediana Edad , Absorciometría de FotónRESUMEN
BACKGROUND: Exercise optimizes peak bone mass accrual, particularly if the loading is high magnitude and distributed in abnormal directions. Little is known about the influence of early intense training in sport during peak bone mass accrual, especially in boys. METHODS: Ninety-eight males aged 6-24 years (gymnasts, swimmers, and controls) completed the bone-specific physical activity questionnaire and a 7-day exercise diary. Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry determined bone mineral properties of the total body (less head) and lumbar spine (LS, L1-L4) and total lean mass. Subgroup analyses were conducted for juniors (prepubescent), adolescents (11-16 y), and seniors (17-24 y). RESULTS: Lean mass was positively associated with total body less head and LS bone outcomes in all 3 age groups (R2 = .632-.770, P < .05), and bone-specific physical activity questionnaire scores were associated with LS bone mineral density in adolescents and seniors (R2 = .440 and .591, P < .05). Senior gymnasts had significantly higher LS bone mineral density (in grams per square centimeter) and Z-scores than swimmers (P = .004) and controls (P = .012). CONCLUSIONS: Elite gymnastics is associated with superior peak bone mass accrual in young males. The benefits appear more pronounced during young adulthood compared with prepuberty, potentially reflecting an extended time course for bone adaptation.
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Melatonin (MEL) has shown positive effects in anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidative stress research. This study investigates whether MEL can positively impact bone loss induced by valproic acid (VPA) in rats. The study examines changes in MC3T3-E1 cell viability and osteogenic potential, along with osteoclast differentiation in RAW264.7 cells in the presence of VPA using CCK-8, ALP staining, AR staining, and TRAP staining. In vitro experiments reveal that VPA-induced inhibition of osteogenic differentiation and promotion of osteoclastic differentiation are linked to increased inflammation and oxidative stress. Furthermore, MEL has demonstrated the ability to reduce oxidative stress and inflammation, boost osteogenic differentiation, and inhibit osteoclast differentiation. Animal experiments confirm that MEL significantly increases SOD2 expression and decreases TNF-α expression, leading to the restoration of impaired bone metabolism, enhanced bone strength, and higher bone mineral density. The combined experimental results strongly suggest that MEL can enhance osteogenic activity in the presence of VPA by reducing inflammation and oxidative stress, impeding osteoclast differentiation, and alleviating bone loss in VPA-treated rat models.
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Antiinflamatorios , Diferenciación Celular , Melatonina , Osteoclastos , Osteogénesis , Osteoporosis , Estrés Oxidativo , Ratas Sprague-Dawley , Ácido Valproico , Animales , Ácido Valproico/uso terapéutico , Ácido Valproico/farmacología , Estrés Oxidativo/efectos de los fármacos , Melatonina/farmacología , Melatonina/uso terapéutico , Osteoporosis/tratamiento farmacológico , Ratones , Células RAW 264.7 , Osteogénesis/efectos de los fármacos , Osteoclastos/efectos de los fármacos , Ratas , Antiinflamatorios/uso terapéutico , Antiinflamatorios/farmacología , Femenino , Diferenciación Celular/efectos de los fármacos , Densidad Ósea/efectos de los fármacos , Superóxido Dismutasa/metabolismo , Factor de Necrosis Tumoral alfa/metabolismo , Antioxidantes/farmacología , Antioxidantes/uso terapéutico , Osteoblastos/efectos de los fármacos , Osteoblastos/metabolismoRESUMEN
OBJECTIVE: To analyze the efficacy of digital guide-assisted implant restoration technique in enhancing the anterior teeth aesthetics and its impact on labial bone mass. METHODS: We retrospectively analyzed clinical data from 90 patients who underwent maxillary anterior teeth implant restoration at The First People's Hospital of Fuyang, Hangzhou, from January 2021 to September 2023. The patients were divided into two groups: a conventional group (n=45, 45 implants, standard implant restoration) and a digital group (n=45, 45 implants, digital guide-assisted implant). We compared implant positional deviations, changes in dental plaque index (PLI), aesthetic effect scores, labial bone mass differences, and the occurrence of adverse reactions post-treatment between the two groups. RESULTS: The digital group exhibited significantly less deviation in root position in the buccolingual and vertical directions, less neck deviation in the buccolingual and vertical directions, and less apical deviation than the conventional group (P=0.021, P=0.005, P=0.016, P=0.008, P=0.026, respectively). Three months postoperatively, the digital group demonstrated a significantly lower mean PLI (P<0.001), higher white and pink aesthetic scores (P=0.021, P=0.005), and increased alveolar ridge height and coronal and middle labial bone mass (P=0.006, P=0.015, P=0.008). Additionally, this group experienced lower incidence of adverse reactions (4.44% vs. 17.78%) compared with the conventional group (P=0.044). CONCLUSION: The digital guide-assisted implant restoration significantly enhances implant accuracy, reduces bone resorption, improves aesthetic outcomes, and ensures higher safety.
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Background: Previous studies have reported a close relationship between body mass index (BMI) and bone mineral density (BMD). However, the effects of fat on bone mass remain controversial, particularly for fat tissue distribution. The aim of this study was to evaluate the association between regional fat percentage and BMD using a population-based database. Methods: This study included participants who were referred to the Department of Radio Diagnosis for dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) scan from January 2018 to December 2020. The relationships between BMI and regional fat percentage with BMD were assessed using multiple linear regression and generalized additive models. The risk of low bone mass was determined using logistic regression. Results: There was a negative relationship between the regional fat percentage and femoral neck BMD (FN BMD) or lumbar spine BMD (LS BMD) in both genders (p < 0.05). In females, an inverted U-shaped relationship was observed between regional fat percentage and BMD at both the femoral neck and lumbar spine. The impact of trunk fat percentage on LS BMD was associated with the highest OR of low bone mass in females (OR 3.1, 95% CI 2.6 to 3.7, p for trend <0.001), while the impact of abdomen fat percentage on FN BMD was associated with the highest OR of low bone mass in males (OR 2.2, 95% CI 1.8 to 2.7, p for trend <0.001). Conclusion: There was an inverted U-shaped relationship between regional fat percentage and BMD. Excessive regional fat percentage may be harmful to bone health in both genders. To promote bone health, males should restrict their abdomen circumference and avoid abdominal adiposity, while females should control their trunk circumference.
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Ganoderic Acid A (GAA) has demonstrated beneficial effects in anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidative stress studies. However, it remains unknown whether GAA exerts positive impacts on bone loss induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS). This study aims to investigate the influence of GAA on bone loss in LPS-treated rats. The study assesses changes in the viability and osteogenic potential of MC3T3-E1 cells, as well as osteoclast differentiation in RAW264.7 cells in the presence of LPS using CCK-8, ALP staining, AR staining, and Tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) staining. In vitro experiments indicate that LPS-induced inhibition of osteoclasts (OC) and Superoxide Dismutase 2 (SOD2) correlates with heightened levels of inflammation and oxidative stress. Furthermore, GAA has displayed the ability to alleviate oxidative stress and inflammation, enhance osteogenic differentiation, and suppress osteoclast differentiation. Animal experiment also proves that GAA notably upregulates SOD2 expression and downregulates TNF-α expression, leading to the restoration of impaired bone metabolism, improved bone strength, and increased bone mineral density. The collective experimental findings strongly suggest that GAA can enhance osteogenic activity in the presence of LPS by reducing inflammation and oxidative stress, hindering osteoclast differentiation, and mitigating bone loss in LPS-treated rat models.
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Diferenciación Celular , Ácidos Heptanoicos , Inflamación , Lanosterol , Lipopolisacáridos , Osteoclastos , Osteogénesis , Estrés Oxidativo , Ratas Sprague-Dawley , Superóxido Dismutasa , Animales , Lipopolisacáridos/farmacología , Estrés Oxidativo/efectos de los fármacos , Masculino , Ratones , Ratas , Células RAW 264.7 , Superóxido Dismutasa/metabolismo , Inflamación/metabolismo , Inflamación/tratamiento farmacológico , Osteoclastos/efectos de los fármacos , Osteoclastos/metabolismo , Diferenciación Celular/efectos de los fármacos , Osteogénesis/efectos de los fármacos , Lanosterol/análogos & derivados , Lanosterol/farmacología , Lanosterol/uso terapéutico , Ácidos Heptanoicos/farmacología , Ácidos Heptanoicos/uso terapéutico , Densidad Ósea/efectos de los fármacos , Factor de Necrosis Tumoral alfa/metabolismo , Resorción Ósea/prevención & control , Resorción Ósea/tratamiento farmacológico , Resorción Ósea/metabolismoRESUMEN
BACKGROUND: There is limited research providing an overall understanding of bone mineral density (BMD) changes throughout different stages of life. This study aimed to investigate the pattern of BMD changes across childhood, adolescence, adulthood, and old age, as well as exploring the critical time of peak BMD (PBMD). METHODS: Participants of three major ethnicities from National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 1999 to 2018 were involved: 46,381 and 20,944 participants aged 8-85 years old were included in the Lumbar spine BMD (LSBMD) and femoral neck BMD (FNBMD) studies, respectively. BMD was measured using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. The generalized additive model was used to construct smoothed percentile curves. RESULTS: Both males and females experienced a sharp increase in LSBMD during puberty, with females reaching their PBMD earlier than males. Females' LSBMD remained higher than males' before the age of approximately 50, except for Non-Hispanic Blacks. For males, LSBMD reached a plateau at around 30 years old after reaching the peak value. Females exhibited two peak points on the fitted curves, with the second PBMD occurring around 36-37 years old. Ethnic variations were observed, with Non-Hispanic Blacks displaying the highest BMD levels at all ages. Non-Hispanic Whites and Mexican Americans had lower BMD levels, with Mexican Americans generally exhibiting the lowest BMD. FNBMD reached its peak earlier than LSBMD, and males consistently had higher FNBMD than females. CONCLUSIONS: This nationally representative study contributes to the understanding of BMD changes across the lifespan, and might provide guidance for bone health interventions in different population groups.
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Absorciometría de Fotón , Densidad Ósea , Encuestas Nutricionales , Humanos , Femenino , Masculino , Niño , Adolescente , Persona de Mediana Edad , Adulto , Anciano , Adulto Joven , Anciano de 80 o más Años , Vértebras Lumbares/fisiología , Cuello Femoral , Estados Unidos , LongevidadRESUMEN
This case report aims to describe the clinical presentation, imaging findings, diagnostic challenges, and management of a patient with a cerebellopontine angle lesion. A 63-year-old woman presented with progressive headaches, tinnitus, right ear pressure, and dizziness. Initial imaging studies (computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging) suggested either a thrombosed aneurysm or a lipoma. However, advanced imaging with cone beam computed tomography provided a definitive diagnosis of temporal bone exostosis. This case highlights the importance of cone beam computed tomography in diagnosing complex intracranial lesions due to its superior spatial resolution and lower radiation dose.
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The complex relationship between trace elements and skeletal health has received increasing attention in the scientific community. Among these minerals, manganese (Mn) has emerged as a key element affecting bone metabolism and integrity. This review examines the multifaceted role of Mn in bone health, including its effects on bone regeneration, mineralization, and overall skeletal strength. This review article is based on a synthesis of experimental models, epidemiologic studies, and clinical trials of the mechanisms of the effect of Mn on bone metabolism. Current research data show that Mn is actively involved in the processes of bone remodeling by modulating the activity of osteoblasts and osteoclasts, as well as the main cells that regulate bone formation and resorption. Mn ions have a profound effect on bone mineralization and density by intricately regulating signaling pathways and enzymatic reactions in these cells. Additionally, Mn superoxide dismutase (MnSOD), located in bone mitochondria, plays a crucial role in osteoclast differentiation and function, protecting osteoclasts from oxidative damage. Understanding the nuances of Mn's interaction with bone is essential for optimizing bone strategies, potentially preventing and managing skeletal diseases. Key findings include the stimulation of osteoblast proliferation and differentiation, the inhibition of osteoclastogenesis, and the preservation of bone mass through the RANK/RANKL/OPG pathway. These results underscore the importance of Mn in maintaining bone health and highlight the need for further research into its therapeutic potential.
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Adiponectin, an adipokine, regulates metabolic processes, including glucose flux, lipid breakdown, and insulin response, by activating adiponectin receptors 1 and 2 (AdipoR1 and AdipoR2). We have previously shown that globular adiponectin (gAd), an endogenous form of adiponectin, has osteoanabolic and anti-catabolic effects in rodent models of postmenopausal osteopenia. Moreover, we reported the identification of a 13-mer peptide (ADP-1) from the collagen domain of adiponectin, which exhibited significant adiponectin-mimetic properties. Since the clinical development of gAd is constrained by its large size, here, we investigated the osteogenic property of ADP-1. ADP-1 induced osteoblast differentiation more potently than gAd. ADP-1 elicited osteoblast differentiation through two downstream pathways that involved the participation of adiponectin receptors. Firstly, it enhanced mitochondrial biogenesis and OxPhos, leading to osteoblast differentiation. Secondly, it activated the Akt-glycogen synthase kinase 3ß-Wnt pathway, thereby increasing osteoblast differentiation. Additionally, ADP-1 suppressed the production of receptor-activator of nuclear kappa B ligand from osteoblasts, enabling it to act as a dual-action molecule (suppressing osteoclast function besides promoting osteoblast function). In osteopenic ovariectomized rats, ADP-1 increased bone mass and strength and improved trabecular integrity by stimulating bone formation and inhibiting bone resorption. Furthermore, by increasing ATP-producing intermediates within the tricarboxylic acid cycle in bones, ADP-1 likely fueled osteoblast function. Given its dual-action mechanism and high potency, ADP-1 offers a unique opportunity to address the unmet clinical need to reset the aberrant bone remodeling in osteoporosis to normalcy, potentially offering a disease-modifying impact.
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In a Norwegian youth cohort followed from adolescence to young adulthood, bone mineral density (BMD) levels declined at the femoral neck and total hip from 16 to 27 years but continued to increase at the total body indicating a site-specific attainment of peak bone mass. PURPOSE: To examine longitudinal trends in bone mineral density (BMD) levels in Norwegian adolescents into young adulthood. METHOD: In a prospective cohort design, we followed 980 adolescents (473 (48%) females) aged 16-19 years into adulthood (age of 26-29) on three occasions: 2010-2011 (Fit Futures 1 (FF1)), 2012-2013 (FF2), and 2021-2022 (FF3), measuring BMD (g/cm2) at the femoral neck, total hip, and total body with dual x-ray absorptiometry (DXA). We used linear mixed models to examine longitudinal BMD changes from FF1 to FF3. RESULTS: From the median age of 16 years (FF1), femoral neck BMD (mean g/cm2 (95% CI)) slightly increased in females from 1.070 (1.059-1.082) to 1.076 (1.065-1.088, p = 0.015) at the median age of 18 years (FF2) but declined to 1.041 (1.029-1.053, p < 0.001) at the median age of 27 years (FF3). Similar patterns were observed in males: 16 years, 1.104 (1.091-1.116); 27 years, 1.063 (1.050-1.077, p < 0.001); and for the total hip in both sexes (both p < 0.001). Total body BMD increased from age 16 to 27 years in both sexes (females: 16 years, 1.141 (1.133-1.148); 27 years, 1.204 (1.196-1.212), p < 0.001; males: 16 years, 1.179 (1.170-1.188); 27 years, 1.310 (1.296-1.315), p < 0.001). CONCLUSION: BMD levels increased from 16 to 18 years at the femoral and total hip sites in young Norwegian females and males, and a small decline was observed at the femoral sites when the participants were followed up to 27 years. Total body BMD continued to increase from adolescence to young adulthood.
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Absorciometría de Fotón , Densidad Ósea , Cuello Femoral , Humanos , Adolescente , Femenino , Masculino , Noruega/epidemiología , Adulto Joven , Adulto , Estudios Longitudinales , Cuello Femoral/diagnóstico por imagen , Estudios Prospectivos , Estudios de CohortesRESUMEN
Obesity and type 2 diabetes (T2D) are risk factors for fragility fractures. It is unknown whether this elevated risk is due to a diet favoring obesity or the diabetes that often occurs with obesity. Therefore, we hypothesized that the fracture resistance of bone is lower in mice fed with a high fat diet (45% kcal; HFD) than in mice that fed on a similar, control diet (10% kcal; LFD), regardless of whether the mice developed overt T2D. Sixteen-week-old, male NON/ShiLtJ mice (resistant to T2D) and age-matched, male NONcNZO10/LtJ (prone to T2D) received a control LFD or HFD for 21 weeks. HFD increased the bodyweight to a greater extent in the ShiLtJ mice compared to the NZO10 mice, while blood glucose levels were significantly higher in NZO10 than in ShiLtJ mice. As such, the glycated hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) levels exceeded 10% in NZO10 mice, but it remained below 6% in ShiLtJ mice. Diet did not affect HbA1c. HFD lowered trabecular number and bone volume fraction of the distal femur metaphysis (micro-computed tomography or µCT) in both strains. For the femur mid-diaphysis, HFD significantly reduced the yield moment (mechanical testing by three-point bending) in both strains but did not affect cross-sectional bone area, cortical thickness, nor cortical tissue mineral density (µCT). Furthermore, the effect of diet on yield moment was independent of the structural resistance of the femur mid-diaphysis suggesting a negative effect of HFD on characteristics of the bone matrix. However, neither Raman spectroscopy nor assays of advanced glycation end-products identified how HFD affected the matrix. HFD also lowered the resistance of cortical bone to crack growth in only the diabetic NZO10 mice (fracture toughness testing of other femur), while HFD reduced the ultimate force of the L6 vertebra in both strains (compression testing). In conclusion, the HFD-related decrease in bone strength can occur in mice resistant and prone to diabetes indicating that a diet high in fat deleteriously affects bone without necessarily causing hyperglycemia.
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Densidad Ósea , Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 2 , Dieta Alta en Grasa , Obesidad , Animales , Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 2/metabolismo , Dieta Alta en Grasa/efectos adversos , Obesidad/metabolismo , Masculino , Ratones , Densidad Ósea/fisiología , Fracturas Óseas/etiología , Huesos/metabolismo , Huesos/patologíaRESUMEN
Radium 223 (Ra-223) is an α-emitting bone-homing radiopharmaceutical that targets tumor-induced osteoblasts and is used to reduce bone pain and prolong overall survival in men with bone-metastatic, castrate-resistant prostate cancer. However, increased fracture risk in skeletal sites with no bone metastasis has been observed in patients treated with Ra-223. Both luciferase- or green fluorescence protein (GFP)-labeled osteoblast reporter mice were used to monitor the effect of Ra-223 on resident osteoblasts and normal bone structure. Upon Ra-223 treatment, 70% of resident osteoblasts were reduced within 2 days, and the osteoblast reduction lasted for at least 18 weeks without detectable recovery, as measured by in vivo bioluminescent imaging. In GFP-labeled osteoblast reporter mice, Ra-223 mainly reduced osteoblasts localized in the trabecular bone areas; the osteoblasts in the growth plates were less affected. Micro-computed tomography analyses showed that Ra-223 significantly reduced bone mineral density and bone microstructure in the trabecular area of femurs but not in the cortical bone. Tumor-induced bone was generated by inoculating osteogenic TRAMP-BMP4 prostate cancer cells into the mouse femurs; Ra-223 treatment significantly reduced tumor-induced osteoblasts. Our study shows that Ra-223 affects bone structures that are not involved in bone metastasis. Strategies that improve bone health may reduce fracture risk in patients receiving Ra-223.
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Background Osteoporosis is a chronic bone disease associated with a reduction in bone mass and an increased risk of fractures. The prevalence of osteoporosis is rising globally, including in Saudi Arabia, where there is a lack of information regarding the uptake of osteoporosis screening services. This study aims to examine self-efficacy and barriers toward osteoporosis screening in older women and men in Al-Madina Munawara, Saudi Arabia. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted among adults aged 60 and above who attended primary healthcare centers. Convenience sampling was used to recruit participants, and a self-administered questionnaire was used to assess sociodemographic characteristics, osteoporosis status, general health-related characteristics, and screening self-efficacy. Analyses included multivariable regression analyses to evaluate the association between osteoporosis screening self-efficacy and potential explanatory variables. Data were collected in the last quarter of 2023. Results In a study involving 342 completed questionnaires, the mean age of participants was 66.2 years (SD = 4.3), with a range from 60 to 79 years, and the majority were male (230, 67.3%), having chronic diseases (226, 66.3%). Regarding osteoporosis risk factors and screening behaviors, the majority did not use prednisolone (252, 74.1%), did not have a family history of osteoporosis (216, 63.2%), had not experienced falls in the past five years (223, 65.2%), and had not undergone osteoporosis screening (299, 87.4%). The mean self-efficacy score for osteoporosis screening was 37.7 (SD = 4.7), ranging from 10 to 50, which indicated a moderate level of screening self-efficacy. In multivariate analysis, smokers were more likely to have higher scores in self-efficacy for osteoporosis screening compared to non-smokers (RR = 1.10; 95% CI = 1.01, 1.21). Participants who did osteoporosis screening (RR = 1.12; 95% CI = 1.01, 1.24) and those who were planning to do osteoporosis screening (RR = 1.10; 95% CI = 1.03, 1.19) were more likely to have higher score in self-efficacy for osteoporosis screening compared to their counterparts. Conclusion The participants had a fair level of screening self-efficacy. The smokers and those who had undergone or planned to undertake osteoporosis screening demonstrated higher self-efficacy scores than others. A lot of progress could be made in decreasing the burden of osteoporosis and enhancing the overall health and well-being of the older population by addressing these issues using specific interventions and policy measures.
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INTRODUCTION: Eucommia ulmoides is a unique monophyletic and tertiary relict in China and is listed as a national second-class precious protected tree species. Eucommia ulmoides, recognized as a traditional Chinese medicine, can tonify the liver and kidneys and strengthen bones and muscles. Modern pharmacological research has proved that Eucommia ulmoides has multiple osteoprotective effects, including prohibiting the occurrence of osteoporosis and arthritis and enhancing the healing of bone fractures and bone defects. AIM: To check its osteotropic effects, which may provide ideas for its potential use for the development of novel drugs to treat osteoporosis, this study evaluated the effect of total flavonoids from Eucommia ulmoides leaves (TFEL) on the acquisition of Peak Bone Mass (PBM) in young female rats. MATERIALS AND METHODS: TFEL was isolated, and its purity was confirmed by using a UV spectrophotometer. TFEL with a purity of 85.09% was administered to 6-week-old female rats by oral gavage at a low (50), mid (100), or high (200 mg/kg/d) dose, and the control group was administrated only with the same volume of water. After 13 weeks of treatment, the rats were sacrificed, and serum, different organs, and limb bones (femurs and tibias) were harvested, and the bone turnover markers, organ index, Bone Mineral Density (BMD), biomechanical property, and microstructure parameters were assayed. Furthermore, molecular targets were screened, and network pharmacology analyses were conducted to reveal the potential mechanisms of action of TFEL. RESULTS: Oral administration of TFEL for 13 weeks decreased the serum level of bone resorption marker TRACP-5b. As revealed by micro-computer tomography analysis, it elevated BMD even at a low dose (50 mg/kg/d) and improved the microstructural parameters, which were also confirmed by H&E histological staining. However, TFEL showed no effects on body weights, organ index, and micromorphology in the uterus. In our network pharmacology study, an intersection analysis screened out 64 shared targets, with quercetin, kaempferol, naringenin, and apigenin regulating the greatest number of targets associated with osteoporosis. Flavonoids in Eucommia ulmoides inhibited the occurrence of osteoporosis potentially through targeting signaling pathways for calcium, VEGF, IL-17, and NF-κB. Furthermore, AKT1, EGFR, PTGS2, VEGFA, and CALM were found to be potentially important target genes for the osteoprotective effects of flavonoids in Eucommia ulmoides. CONCLUSION: The above results suggested that TFEL can be used to elevate the peak bone mass in adolescence in female individuals, which may prevent the occurrence of postmenopausal osteoporosis, and the good safety of TFEL also suggests that it can be used as a food additive for daily life to improve the bone health.
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PURPOSE: Physical inactivity is considered an important risk factor for osteoporosis, however, some athletes performing extremely high training volumes can also develop bone mass loss. Moreover, the effect of total body mass or body surface area on bone mineral density remains controversial. Therefore, the aim of this study was to compare the absolute bone mineral density and bone mineral density adjusted to body surface area between amateur triathletes and nonactive women. METHODS: Forty-two healthy women (23 amateur triathletes and 19 nonactive individuals) were evaluated for body composition using a dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry system. RESULTS: Compared to nonactive women, amateur triathletes exhibited lower body mass index (p < 0.001), lower bone mineral density (p < 0.001), and body surface area (p < 0.001). However, bone mineral density adjusted by body surface area in the triathletes was higher than in the nonactive women (p = 0.03). CONCLUSION: These findings showed that amateur triathles presented lower absolute bone mineral density, but higher bone mineral density adjusted to body surface area. Future studies are recommended to identify if the higher bone mineral density adjusted to body surface area are associated with a lower bone fragility.
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Absorciometría de Fotón , Atletas , Densidad Ósea , Humanos , Densidad Ósea/fisiología , Femenino , Estudios Transversales , Adulto , Persona de Mediana Edad , Composición Corporal/fisiología , Índice de Masa Corporal , Natación/fisiología , Osteoporosis/fisiopatología , Osteoporosis/diagnóstico por imagenRESUMEN
INTRODUCTION: Female bone health is influenced by familial resemblance, health parameters and maturational periods (puberty and menopause); this combination has been researched using familial multi-generational cross-sectional studies. AIM: This scoping review aimed to compile bone health research which uses sexually mature (grandmother-) mother-daughter pairs (and triads) and to determine the trends in its methodologies and familial comparisons. METHODS: The Joanna Briggs Institute methodology for scoping reviews was used. Extraction included study and population characteristics, methodology (with an emphasis on imaging) and family-based results. RESULTS: Twenty-nine studies were included, and their generations were categorized into four developmental categories: late adolescent to young adult, pre-menopause, mixed-menopause, and post-menopause. Eleven different pair/triad combinations were observed; the most common was pre-menopausal daughters and post-menopausal mothers. Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) was the most utilized imaging modality, and the hip was the most imaged region of interest (ROI). Regardless of pairing, imaging modality and ROI, there was often a trend toward significant familial resemblance and heritability (h2 and h2L). CONCLUSION: This scoping review highlights the trends in bone health linked to familial resemblance, as well as the importance of menopause and late adolescence. This review compiles the commonalities and challenges within these studies to inform future research.
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Currently, there is evidence to suggest the benefits of drinking fermented tea for people with osteoporosis, and based on this, many studies have been conducted on the dosage, exact ingredients, mechanisms, and industrial applications of fermented tea for protecting against osteoporosis. A summary and analysis of studies on the regulation of bone mass by oolong tea, black tea, and their active ingredients (including 39 known catechin compounds) was conducted. It was found that the regulation of bone mass by fermented tea is backed by evidence from epidemiology, animal experiments, and cell experiments. The main active components of fermented tea are tea polyphenols, tea pigments, and trace amino acids. The specific mechanisms involved include regulating bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell osteogenesis, inhibiting osteoclast activity, promoting calcium and phosphorus absorption, reducing inflammation levels, regulating gut microbiota, regulating endocrine function, and inhibiting oxidative stress. In terms of its application, extraction, precipitation, biosynthesis and membrane separation method are mainly used to separate the active ingredients of anti osteoporosis from fermented tea. In conclusion, fermented tea has sufficient theoretical and practical support for regulating bone mass and preventing osteoporosis, and is suitable for development as a health supplement. At the same time, a large amount of epidemiological evidence is needed to prove the specific dosage of tea consumption.