RESUMEN
BACKGROUND: Burkholderia cepacia is an important opportunistic organism in hospitalized and immunocompromised patients, particularly in cystic fibrosis. AIMS: To describe the epidemiological investigation of an outbreak of B. cepacia bacteraemia. METHODS: The study examined 14 patients during their admission to three intensive care units in a tertiary care hospital between January and June 2016. The outbreak involved nine (57%) female and six (43%) male patients. All patients were adults of ages ranging from 19 to 85 years with a median age of 52 years. Patients' medical charts, laboratory cultures, exposures, and central line insertion procedures were reviewed. FINDINGS: B. cepacia was isolated from the blood cultures of 14 patients resulting from contamination of the gel applied to the ultrasound probe used to guide the insertion of a central venous catheter. Molecular pathogen typing using pulsed-field gel electrophoresis showed 95% similarity between the B. cepacia isolates from the blood of these patients and those isolated from the ultrasound gel. CONCLUSION: Ongoing surveillance and prompt investigation of unusual disease outbreaks are vital for identifying sources of contamination of B. cepacia and protecting at-risk patients. Sound epidemiological methods are very important for identifying the source of any hospital infection outbreak.
Asunto(s)
Bacteriemia/epidemiología , Infecciones por Burkholderia/epidemiología , Burkholderia cepacia/aislamiento & purificación , Brotes de Enfermedades , Contaminación de Equipos , Geles , Ultrasonografía , Adulto , Anciano , Anciano de 80 o más Años , Sangre/microbiología , Burkholderia cepacia/clasificación , Burkholderia cepacia/genética , Estudios de Casos y Controles , Cateterismo Venoso Central/métodos , Electroforesis en Gel de Campo Pulsado , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Epidemiología Molecular , Tipificación Molecular , Centros de Atención Terciaria , Adulto JovenRESUMEN
PURPOSE: To determine a quick and accurate user input method for manipulating tablet personal computers (PCs) in sterile techniques. METHODS: We evaluated three different manipulation methods, (1) Computer mouse and sterile system drape, (2) Fingers and sterile system drape, and (3) Digitizer stylus and sterile ultrasound probe cover with a pinhole, in terms of the central processing unit (CPU) performance, manipulation performance, and contactlessness. RESULTS: A significant decrease in CPU score ([Formula: see text]) and an increase in CPU temperature ([Formula: see text]) were observed when a system drape was used. The respective mean times taken to select a target image from an image series (ST) and the mean times for measuring points on an image (MT) were [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] s for the computer mouse method, [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] s for the finger method, and [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] s for the digitizer stylus method, respectively. The ST for the finger method was significantly longer than for the digitizer stylus method ([Formula: see text]). The MT for the computer mouse method was significantly longer than for the digitizer stylus method ([Formula: see text]). The mean success rate for measuring points on an image was significantly lower for the finger method when the diameter of the target was equal to or smaller than 8 mm than for the other methods. No significant difference in the adenosine triphosphate amount at the surface of the tablet PC was observed before, during, or after manipulation via the digitizer stylus method while wearing starch-powdered sterile gloves ([Formula: see text]). CONCLUSIONS: Quick and accurate manipulation of tablet PCs in sterile techniques without CPU load is feasible using a digitizer stylus and sterile ultrasound probe cover with a pinhole.