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BACKGROUND: Transfusion-related acute lung injury (TRALI) is a rare life-threatening complication of blood product transfusion. Intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG)-related TRALI is scarcely reported. CASE PRESENTATION: A 63-year-old male patient suffering from multiple sclerosis treated with half-yearly rituximab infusions, was hospitalized due to dry cough, daily fever and shivering for seven days despite antibiotic therapy. Because of the history of COVID-19 one month prior without the symptoms having improved since, persistent bilateral multifocal areas of ground glass opacities in chest computed tomography and positive SARS-CoV-2 PCR from bronchoalveolar lavage with a cycling time of 30.1 COVID-19 due to long-shedding SARS-CoV-2 under immunosuppression with rituximab was diagnosed. He received treatment with nirmatrelvir und ritonavir and because of diagnosed IgG deficiency additionally a single dose of 20 g IVIG. During the IVIG infusion, the patient acutely developed tachycardia, hypotension, fever, chills, and hypoxemic respiratory failure due to pulmonary edema. TRALI was promptly diagnosed, and the patient was transferred to the intensive care unit for non-invasive ventilation for less than 24 h. The patient was discharged home from regular ward 72 h later in a good general condition and no remaining symptoms of TRALI. CONCLUSION: IVIG-related TRALI is a rare but life-threating condition and prompt recognition is lifesaving. Due to an increased use of IVIG not only in long-shedding SARS-CoV-2, an increase of TRALI incidence is expected.

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Introduction: Blood transfusions are essential for managing blood loss in surgical patients but can lead to life-threatening reactions. This report presents a severe transfusion reaction in a postoperative total knee arthroplasty (TKA) patient, emphasizing the need for vigilant monitoring and timely intervention. Case Report: A 70-year-old male with a history of bilateral knee pain underwent right-sided TKA. Preoperative evaluations were normal. Post-surgery, significant blood loss led to a one-pint packed red blood cell transfusion. The patient developed fever, chills, palpitations, and rapid breathing, indicating a transfusion reaction. Despite immediate treatment, the patient's condition deteriorated, requiring ICU admission. Complications included acute kidney injury (AKI), metabolic acidosis, thrombocytopenia, pleural effusion, and aspiration pneumonitis. Multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS) developed, necessitating hemodialysis. Despite comprehensive care, the patient passed away. Conclusion: This case highlights the critical need for rigorous pre-transfusion screening, vigilant monitoring, and immediate intervention in managing severe transfusion reactions in postoperative TKA patients. Comprehensive patient care strategies are essential to mitigate the multifocal complications associated with transfusion reactions. Additional research is needed to understand and prevent such life-threatening reactions.

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INTRODUCTION: Alloimmunization and transfusion reactions underscore the crucial role of precise immunohematological techniques to enhance safety in transfusion. This study aims to determine the frequency of alloimmunization in patients treated at a Brazilian university hospital, investigate demographic, clinical, and epidemiological characteristics of patients with positive irregular antibody screening, as well as to assess the frequency of erythrocyte antigens and anti-erythrocyte antibodies in the population. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This retrospective observational study included all irregular antibody-positive patients treated at the transfusion service of Hospital de Clínicas of the Federal University of Uberlandia between January 2019 and December 2020. RESULTS: Of the 201 irregular antibody-positive patients, alloimmunization was more common in women (64.2%) than in men (35.8%). Blood groups A (39.8%) and O (38.8%), and Rh positive samples (69.1%) predominated, and about half (48.2%) of the patients were transfused for preoperative procedures. The most frequently found clinically significant alloantibodies were anti-D (27.2%), anti-E (15.0%), and anti-Kell (11.5%). Of the patients, 30.6% had multiple antibody associations, with anti-D and anti-C being the most common combination. Erythrocyte immunophenotyping was performed for 76 patients with the most frequent antigens detected being e (100%), c (86.8%), and C (40.8%). Among the 14 pregnant women evaluated, most were multiparous, 85.7% had anti-D as the most prevalent antibody, and had the A-negative blood type (33.3%). CONCLUSION: Alloantibody screening and identification associated with erythrocyte immunophenotyping are necessary for a better understanding of the alloimmunized population, ensuring greater safety and efficacy of transfusion therapy in the hospital setting.

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BACKGROUND: Non-hemolytic acute transfusion reactions (ATRs) are generally not fatal, but they can cause serious increases in workload and costs as a result of blood product wastage. METHODS: A retrospective analysis was made of the data of the 7-year period between January 2016 and December 2022 to identify the possible associations between patient and product characteristics and the development of ATRs. RESULTS: A total of 113,666 blood products were transfused during the study period. There were 146 ATRs with an estimated rate of 1.28 per 1000 blood products administered. The most common ATR was mild allergic reactions (n = 84, 57.6%). No statistically significant relationship was found in blood group distribution between patients who had and did not develop ATR (p = 0.797). Febrile Non-hemolytic Transfusion Reaction (FNHTR) was more common in patients receiving erythrocyte suspension (ES) transfusion, and Fresh Frozen Plasma (FFP) was mostly used in those with mild allergic reactions (p < 0.001). Patient age was determined as > 60 years in those who developed FNHTR or 'others,' and < 60 years in patients with mild allergic reactions (p = 0.046). CONCLUSION: The results of the current study demonstrated that regardless of blood group, the probability of developing FNHTR is high when ES is transfused in elderly patients, and the probability of developing mild allergic reaction is high when FFP is used. While recognizing that ATRs are difficult to prevent, it can be emphasized that prediction and management may become easier if clinicians keep these possibilities in mind when making transfusion decisions.

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Transfusion-related adverse events involving packed red blood cells (PRBCs) and fresh frozen plasma (FFP) are not unusual. Reactions can happen at any time during the transfusion, as well as hours or days later. An acute pain transfusion reaction (APTR) is defined as sudden, intense joint pain, usually in the back and trunk, that appears right after transfusion after all other potential causes of transfusion reactions have been eliminated. The present article discusses two similar cases. A 38-year-old female presented with complaints of right-sided headache and photophobia for four days, associated with nausea, vomiting, and vertigo. She was evaluated for a migraine headache. Due to anemia, a one-unit PRBC was requested. After pre-transfusion testing, a one-unit non-leuko-reduced, coombs cross-match compatible B-positive packed red blood cell (PRBC) was issued and transfused. During the transfusion, the patient complained of chest pain. The transfusion was stopped. Her vitals did not vary much from the baseline. No other symptoms were present at that time. A 69-year-old female presented with complaints of vomiting, abdominal pain, and black tarry stool for a one-month duration. On evaluation, she was diagnosed with adenocarcinoma of the stomach. Given the increased prothrombin time/international normalized ratio (PT/INR) of 1.8, four-units of fresh frozen plasma (FFP) was requested, which was issued after performing minor cross-match compatibility. After five minutes of transfusion, she complained of severe pain at the transfusion site with chills and rigors. The transfusion was stopped. There was no change in the vitals of the patient from baseline. A complete workup was done to rule out other transfusion reactions in both cases. Thus, these patients experienced what is known as an acute pain transfusion reaction. APTR is typically self-limited and requires treatment of symptoms with pain control, supplemental oxygen, and emotional support. In both cases, supportive treatments were enough to control the pain symptoms of the patients.

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Transfusion-associated circulatory overload (TACO) is a potentially fatal blood transfusion complication that often presents itself within 12 hours of transfusion cessation. We present a case of TACO in an orthopedic surgery patient to highlight the importance of anticipating and managing complications of blood loss and transfusion in an otherwise healthy patient.

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OBJECTIVE: To determine the number of homologous blood transfusions received by canine surgical patients after introducing a cell salvage device (CSD), trends in surgeries requiring blood transfusion, and the incidence of transfusion reactions. STUDY DESIGN: Retrospective study. SETTING: Single referral hospital. ANIMALS: All dogs having surgery at a single center (November 2015 to February 2021). INTERVENTIONS: Medical records of dogs having surgical treatment, including those that received either an autologous or homologous blood transfusion, were reviewed. The surgical patients were the baseline population, and the 2 transfusion groups were compared within this population to analyze the trends. MAIN RESULTS: A total of 37 and 86 dogs received autologous and homologous blood transfusions, respectively. There was an upward trend in the number of total monthly blood transfusions. No significant increase in the monthly number of homologous transfusions was observed before or after acquisition of the CSD. There was also an upward trend in total monthly surgeries, including those with higher risks of hemorrhage. Dogs receiving homologous blood transfusions had a higher incidence of clinical signs consistent with transfusion reactions (6.98%). CONCLUSIONS: An upward trend in autologous blood transfusions was seen with the introduction of a CSD. Hospitals with large surgical caseloads at high risk of hemorrhage may see a decreased need for outsourced blood products with the use of the CSD. The device can lead to a more responsible use of an increasingly scarce resource and decrease the risk of a blood transfusion reaction in dogs.

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BACKGROUND: Blood transfusion (BT) may be associated with an increased risk of thromboembolism. The associations between transfusion reactions (TRs) during BTs and potential risk factors for the development of thromboembolism in patients underwent blood transfusion have not been analyzed. Therefore, this study aimed to compare risk factors associated with the development of venous thromboembolism (VTE) or pulmonary embolism (PE) between patients underwent blood transfusion with and without TRs. STUDY DESIGNS AND METHODS: The retrospective study was conducted between April 1, 2017, and March 31, 2020, at a medical center in Taiwan. Blood-transfused patients were grouped into two cohorts as follows: those who experienced TRs and those who did not experience TRs. Both cohorts were subjected to follow-up until March 31, 2021. The endpoints for both groups were the occurrence of VTE or PE or the date of March 31, 2021. To investigate between-cohort risk differences, a Kaplan-Meier survival analysis and multiple Cox proportional hazard model was used. RESULTS: A total of 10,759 patients underwent 59,385 transfusion procedures, with 703 patients in the TR group, and 10,056 patients in the non-TR group. The risk of VTE or PE was twice as high in the TR group than in the non-TR group (adjusted hazard ratio 2.53, 95% confidence interval 1.49-4.29, p = .001). Meanwhile, age, female sex, transfusion frequency increment, and being nondiabetic was associated with an increased risk of developing thromboembolism. CONCLUSION: TRs are associated with increased long-term thromboembolism risk in patients underwent blood transfusion. It is imperative for clinicians to acknowledge this and maintain rigorous follow-up.

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BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: There is no consensus on a universally accepted threshold to categorize a patient as multitransfused. In 2019, Colombia established the definition of a multitransfused patient as someone who has received six or more blood components, irrespective of the time frame. This study aims to delineate the characteristics, adverse transfusion reactions (ATRs, definitions according to the International Society of Blood Transfusion [ISBT]) and survival rates in this population. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We performed an analysis from the data of all institutions engaged in blood component transfusions at the national level who notified events to the National Information System of Haemovigilance (SIHEVI-INS), from January 2018 to December 2022. The selection criteria focused on individuals who not only exhibited ATRs but also received six or more blood components. RESULTS: Among the 1,784,428 patients who received 6,637,271 blood components, an average of 3.7 components per patient was noted. Concurrently, 8378 ATRs were reported (12.6 ATRs/10,000 transfused components). Within this cohort, 691 patients met the criteria for multitransfusion. Predominantly women (51.8%), these individuals received between 6 and 14 blood components. Out of the 691 multitransfused individuals who experienced ATR, 541 had an allergic reaction. Conversely, out of the 6479 non-multitransfused individuals who experienced ATR, 3835 had an allergic reaction (odds ratio: 2.49, 95% confidence interval: 2.06-3.0). Notably, 271 multitransfused individuals (39.2%) were documented as deceased, with 76% succumbing within 12 months of encountering their most recent ATR. CONCLUSION: Multitransfused individuals in Colombia, being a high-risk group, exhibit a heightened susceptibility to allergic reactions, surpassing the frequency observed in other transfusion populations. This underscores the necessity for tailored medical care specific to this group.

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OBJECTIVE: We report a rare case of acute hemolytic reactions caused by immunoglobulin (Ig)M anti-M antibody and present a literature review. CASE REPORT: A 61-year-old male patient who underwent blood transfusion developed fever, chills, soy sauce-colored urine, and changes in laboratory test results, including persistently decreased hemoglobin levels, neutrophilia, elevated lactate dehydrogenase level, acute kidney injury, mild acute liver injury, and activation of the coagulation system, indicating acute hemolytic transfusion reaction (AHTR). Antibody screening and major crossmatching results indicated weak positive at 37°C for both posttransfusion and pretransfusion sample. Subsequent serological examinations indicated the presence of IgM anti-M antibodies in plasma but the direct antiglobulin and elution tests were negative. Antibody hemolytic activity assay confirmed AHTR caused by anti-M. The transfused red blood cells were MM and the patient is NN. These signs and symptoms disappeared rapidly and required no additional interventions before discharge. CONCLUSION: The accurate diagnosis of anti-M antibody-mediated acute hemolysis is essential for guiding treatment decisions.

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AIMS: Formation of red blood cell alloantibodies (RBCAs) complicates transfusion support in liver transplantation (LT). Difficult RBCAs (DAs, >3 antibodies or antibodies for which <25% donors are antigen negative) further challenge care. This study characterises DA outcomes relative to non-difficult RBCAs (NDAs). METHODS: Single-centre, retrospective analysis of LT patients (2002-2021). RBCAs were defined as clinically significant antibodies. DAs were compared with NDAs. RESULTS: 89 patients had clinically significant RBCAs (DA=50, NDA=39). More DAs were anti-Jka, anti-M; fewer were anti-E, anti-K (all p<0.05). DA patients often had multiple antibodies (44% vs 12.8% NDA, p=0.0022). Probability of finding antigen-negative blood was lower for DAs (17.4% vs 68.1% NDA, p<0.0001) as was RBCs received (9.4 vs 14.7 units in NDA, p=0.0036). Although survival was similar, patients with DAs had more adverse reactions (8% vs 0%, p=0.128). Some antibodies appeared to occur with specific liver diseases (such as primary sclerosing cholangitis, alcoholic steatohepatitis and recurrent disease); however, due to low sample size, definitive conclusions cannot be made. CONCLUSIONS: DA LT recipients contain >1 RBCA, have a lower probability of finding antigen negative blood and may experience more adverse transfusion event (ATE). Despite this, the incidence of ATEs was still quite low.

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Emergent Red Blood Cell (RBC) exchange is indicated in sickle cell disease (SCD) patients with severe acute chest syndrome. However, fully matched RBC units may not be available for patients with multiple RBC antibodies. Intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) and steroids were reported for preventing potential delayed hemolytic transfusion reaction (HTR) in simple transfusion of antigen-positive RBCs. We investigated the efficacy and safety of IVIG and steroids in two SCD patients presented with acute chest syndrome receiving RBC exchange with multiple incompatible units. The first patient had multiple historical alloantibodies, including anti-Jsb, although none of them were reactive. IVIG (1 g/kg) was given before and after RBC exchange with methylprednisolone (500 mg IV) one hour before exchange. Her sickle hemoglobin (HbS) was reduced from 89.4% to 17.4% after the exchange with five Jsb-positive units. The patient improved clinically without acute or delayed hemolysis. The second patient had reactive anti-Jsb on two different admissions 18 months apart. Only one of the sixteen units used in the exchanges was Jsb negative. He received the same IVIG regimen during both admissions but 100 mg IV hydrocortisone instead of methylprednisolone. His HbS was reduced from 63.4% to 22.4% after the first exchange. Significant clinical improvements were achieved after both exchanges. No delayed HTR was observed. Our experience of these two patients suggested that IVIG and steroids may be used in preventing potential delayed HTR in some SCD patients with rare antibodies receiving large amounts of antigen-positive RBC products.

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Delayed hemolytic transfusion reaction (DHTR) and hyperhemolysis syndrome (HHS) are both complications of red blood cell transfusions in patients with sickle cell disease.Clinically, both present with hemolysis and can be difficult to differentiate. Hemoglobin electrophoresis may aid in the diagnosis. Herein we describe a case in which a patient with hemoglobin SC disease presented with features of severe hemolysis several days after initiation of red blood cell exchange. Increase in reticulocyte count and complete absence of hemoglobin A on electrophoresis during this event supported the diagnosis of severe DHTR, indicating a rapid and selective destruction of the transfused red blood cells. Ability to interpret the hemoglobin electrophoresis can help clinicians distinguish between these two severe transfusion complications in patients living with sickle cell disease. It is important to identify the presence or absence of concomitant HHS, as patients with HHS tend to have a worse prognosis and there is a higher rate of recurrence of HHS with subsequent transfusions. Accurate diagnosis can lead to prompt management and decrease morbidity and mortality.

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BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Transfusion safety may be becoming dependent on the financial resources made available for transfusion structures and may vary between high-income countries (HIC) and low-to-middle-income countries (LMIC). To assess whether there is a difference in the reported TR between these two groups of countries, we examined TR reported in Tunis the capital of Tunisia, a LMIC, and compared their frequency with reported TR in HIC. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Data of TR were collected from transfusion incident report (TIR) forms declared by healthcare facilities in Tunis between 2015 and 2019. They were analysed and compared to reported TR in France (ANSM) and UK (SHOT). RESULTS: The incidence of TR was 70.6/100 000 blood components (BP) issued. A third of TR (36.8%) occurred at night. Febrile non-hemolytic transfusion reactions (43.7%) and allergic reactions (35%) were the most reported TR respectively 22.4/100 000 BP and 17.9/100 000 BP. The rate of ABO incompatibilities was 1.96/100 000 red blood cell units (RBC): they were all caused by human error. The rates of TRALI, TACO and bacterial contaminations were respectively 1.26/100 000 BP, 1.4/100 000 RBC and 0.7/100 000 BP. CONCLUSION: While advanced technologies applied to transfusion have improved transfusion safety, this study shows that their impact has been relatively minor, as reported TR in LMIC are still comparable to those in HIC. ABO-incompatibilities are still higher in LMIC: this should be addressed by reinforcing the training of all healthcare personnel involved in transfusion medicine.

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BACKGROUND: Blood transfusion is an effective therapeutic practice. However, even adopting all procedures for transfusion safety, there are risks, one of which is immediate adverse reactions. The aim of this study was, by active search, to evaluate the occurrence of immediate adverse reactions estimating the occurrence rate within the first 24 h. METHODS: An exploratory, descriptive, prospective study with quantitative analysis was carried out of patients undergoing surgery who received blood component transfusions during hospitalization from October 2018 to August 2019. Data on blood component request forms were collected from the transfusion agency by reviewing medical records and interviewing the patient or family members. Descriptive statistics and the chi-square test were used to analyze the association of demographic variables with the presence or absence of transfusion reactions. RESULTS: A total of 1042 blood component units were transfused in 393 transfusions performed on 184 patients. The main transfused blood component was packed red blood cells. Seventeen reactions were identified in the medical records, using the active search method, none of which had been reported. The transfusion reaction rate was 16.3 occurrences per 1000 transfused units, while the notification rate for the 9389 blood component units transfused by the transfusion agency in the study period was 3.83/1000. There was no statistically significant association between the occurrences or not of transfusion reactions and demographic variables. CONCLUSION: Through the active search method, it was possible to observe the underreporting of adverse reactions, showing inadequate compliance with current legislation, which is essential to minimize errors and increase transfusion safety.

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Transfusion reactions induced by platelet transfusions may be reduced and alleviated by leukocyte reduction of platelets. Although leukoreduction of apheresis platelets can be performed either pre-storage or post-storage, seldom studies directly compare the incidence of transfusion reaction in these two different blood products. We conducted a retrospective study to compare the transfusion reactions between pre-storage and post-storage leukoreduced apheresis platelets. We reviewed the general characteristics and the transfusion reactions, symptoms, and categories for inpatients who received pre-storage or post-storage leukoreduced apheresis platelets. Propensity-score matching was performed to adjust for baseline differences between groups. A total of 40,837 leukoreduction apheresis platelet orders were reviewed. 116 (0.53%) transfusion reactions were reported in 21,884 transfusions with pre-storage leukoreduction, and 174 (0.91%) reactions were reported in 18,953 transfusions with post-storage leukoreduction. Before propensity-score matching, the odds ratio for transfusion reactions in the pre-storage group relative to the post-storage group was 0.57 (95% confidence interval [CI] 0.45-0.72, P < 0.01); the odds ratio after matching was 0.63 (95% CI 0.49-0.80, P < 0.01). A two-proportion z-test revealed pre-storage leukoreduction significantly decreases the symptoms of chills, fever, itching, urticaria, dyspnea, and hypertension as compared with those in post-storage leukoreduction. Pre-storage leukoreduced apheresis platelet significantly decreased febrile non-hemolytic transfusion reaction as compared with post-storage groups. This study suggests pre-storage leukoreduction apheresis platelet significantly decreases the transfusion reaction as compared with those in post-storage leukoreduction.

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BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to analyse the reports received in the Norwegian Haemovigilance System from 2004 to 2020 on acute and delayed haemolytic transfusion reactions caused by non-ABO red cell antibodies. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Antibody specificity, clinical symptoms and outcomes were included when available. RESULTS: After transfusion of 3.7 million red cell concentrates, reports on 78 cases of haemolytic transfusion reactions caused by non-ABO red cell antibodies were received, corresponding to an incidence of 1 in 47,000 transfused red cell concentrates. There were 30 acute and 48 delayed haemolytic transfusion reactions. A total of 113 red cell antibodies were found: 82 alloantibodies, 6 autoantibodies and 25 cases where the antibody specificity could not be determined. Two fatalities occurred: one caused by anti-Wra and one caused by an unidentified red cell antibody. The most frequently reported antibody specificities were those in the Rh and Kidd blood group systems, representing 24% and 14%, respectively, of all the antibodies identified. In six cases, errors occurred, leading to the issuing of blood units without the required phenotype match. CONCLUSIONS: Despite the possible underreporting, the low number of serious haemolytic transfusion reactions reflects an adequate pre-transfusion practice by the Norwegian blood banks.

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BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Platelet storage lesion (PSL) adversely affects the quality of platelet concentrates (PCs). Platelets are prone to activation during storage. Moreover, elevated free mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) levels in PCs are associated with a higher risk of adverse transfusion reactions. Therefore, we aimed to evaluate the correlation between platelet activation markers and mtDNA release during PC storage. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Six PCs prepared by the platelet-rich plasma method were assessed for free mtDNA copy number using quantitative real-time PCR and CD62P (P-selectin) expression by flow cytometry on days 0 (PC collection day), 3, 5 and 7 of storage. Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) activity, pH, platelet count, mean platelet volume (MPV) and platelet distribution width (PDW) were measured as well. The correlation between free mtDNA and other PSL parameters, and the correlation between all parameters, was determined. RESULTS: Significant increases in free mtDNA, MPV and PDW, and a significant decrease in platelet count and pH were observed. CD62P expression and LDH activity elevated significantly, particularly on storage days 5-7 and 0-3, respectively. Moreover, a moderate positive correlation (r = 0.61) was observed between free mtDNA and CD62P expression. The r values between free mtDNA and LDH, pH, platelet count, MPV and PDW were 0.81, -0.72, -0.49, 0.81 and 0.77, respectively. CONCLUSION: The interplay between platelet activation and mtDNA release in promoting PSL in PCs may serve as a promising target for future research on applying additive solutions and evaluating the quality of PCs to improve transfusion and clinical outcomes.

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Introducción: la terapia transfusional es un procedimiento terapéutico que ha contribuido a disminuir la mortalidad, y mejorar la calidad de vida de pacientes con diversas patologías. La utilización de guías en la práctica transfusional, contribuye a la utilización racional de las mismas. Objetivo: describir las características de los niños de 1 mes a 14 años 11 meses hospitalizados en el Centro Hospitalario Pereira Rossell durante el 2019 que recibieron transfusión de sangre desplasmatizada. Metodología: estudio descriptivo retrospectivo. Se incluyeron los niños entre 1 mes y 14 años 11 meses asistidos en emergencia, unidad de reanimación, cuidados moderados, intermedios e intensivos del Centro Hospitalario Pereira Rossell. Variables: edad, sexo, área de asistencia, motivo de ingreso, indicación de transfusión, cifras de Hb pre y post-transfusión, clasificación de la anemia, dosis. Resultados: se incluyeron 160 transfusiones correspondientes a 97 pacientes, 56% eran de sexo masculino. Media de edad 3 años, 52% < 1 año. El motivo de ingreso más frecuente fue patología respiratoria infecciosa 37%. El 79% fueron transfundidos en unidad de cuidados intermedios e intensivos. Media Hb pre-transfusión 7,45 g/dL y post-transfusión de 10,1 g/dL. Predominó la anemia moderada, normocítica-normocrómica, pura. La dosis media de sangre desplasmatizada transfundida fue 12 cc/kg. Conclusiones: en esta serie predominaron los pacientes de sexo masculino y menores a un año que ingresaron principalmente por patología respiratoria infecciosa. La mayoría de los pacientes transfundidos estaban en cuidados intensivos. Futuros estudios, de diseño prospectivo, que incluyan pacientes de todos los escenarios asistenciales y de otros prestadores de salud, contribuirán a continuar el estudio de los pacientes transfundidos y a la elaboración de recomendaciones o protocolos locales.

Introduction: Transfusion therapy is a therapeutic procedure that has contributed to reducing mortality and improving the quality of life of patients with various pathologies. The use of guides in transfusion practice contributes to their rational use. Objective: To describe the characteristics of children from 1 month to 14 years 11 months who were hospitalized in the Centro Hospitalario Pereira Rossell during 2019 who received a red blood cell transfusion. Methodology: Retrospective descriptive study. Children aged 1 month to 14 years and 11 months assisted in the emergency, moderate, intermediate and intensive care of the Centro Hospitalario Pereira Rossell were included in the study. Variables: age, sex, area of care, reason for admission, indication for transfusion, Hb figures before and after transfusion, classification of anaemia, dose. The study protocol was approved by the Institutional Ethics Committee. Results:160 transfusions corresponding to 97 patients were included, 56% were male. Mean age 3 years, 52% <1 year. The most frequent reason for admission was infectious respiratory disease 37%. 79% were transfused in the intermediate and intensive care unit. Mean Hb pre-transfusion 7.45 g/dL and post- transfusion of 10.1 g/dL. Moderate, normocytic-normochromic, pure anaemia predominated. The mean dose of deplasmatized blood transfused was 12 cc/kg. Conclusions: In this series, male patients less than one year of age predominated, admitted mainly for infectious respiratory disease. Most of the transfused patients were in intensive care. Future studies of prospective design that include patients from all healthcare settings and from other healthcare providers, will contribute to continuing the study of transfused patients and to the development of local recommendations or protocols.

Introdução: a terapia transfusional é um procedimento terapêutico que tem contribuído para reduzir a mortalidade e melhorar a qualidade de vida de pacientes com diversas patologias. A utilização de diretrizes na prática transfusional contribui para o seu uso racional. Objetivo: descrever as características das crianças de 1 mês a 14 anos e 11 meses internadas no Centro Hospitalario Pereira Rossell durante o ano de 2019 que receberam transfusão de sangue desplasmatizado. Metodologia: estudo descritivo retrospectivo. Foram incluídas crianças com idade entre 1 mês e 14 anos e 11 meses atendidas na emergência, unidade de reanimação, cuidados moderados, intermediários e intensivos do Centro Hospitalario Pereira Rossell. Variáveis: idade, sexo, área de atendimento, motivo da admissão, indicação de transfusão, valores de Hb pré e pós-transfusão, classificação da anemia, dose. Resultados: foram incluídas 160 transfusões correspondentes a 97 pacientes, 56% eram do sexo masculino. A idade média foi de 3 anos, 52% < 1 ano. O motivo mais frequente de admissão foi pato- logia respiratória infecciosa (37%). 79% foram transfundidos na unidade de tratamento intermediário e intensivo. Hb média pré-transfusional de 7,45 g/dL e Hb pós-transfusional de 10,1 g/dL. Predominou a anemia moderada, normocítica-normocrômica e pura. A dose média de sangue desplasmatizado transfundida foi de 12 cc/kg. Conclusões: nesta série, houve uma predominância de pacientes do sexo masculino com menos de um ano de idade que foram admitidos principalmente por patologia respiratória infecciosa. A maioria dos pacientes transfundidos estava em tratamento intensivo. Estudos prospectivos futuros incluindo pacientes de todos os ambientes de atendimento e outros presta- dores de serviços de saúde, contribuirão para um estudo mais aprofundado dos pacientes transfundidos e para o desenvolvimento de recomendações ou protocolos locais.

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