RESUMEN
The exposure time of carcasses in insect succession studies are generally not consistent and more than 40% studies start in the morning. How such an arrangement affects the succession of insects is worth evaluating. In this study, six piglet carcasses (15-17 kg) were exposed at 6 time points during the day: 11:00, 15:00, 19:00, 23:00, 03:00 and 07:00 on July 20th-July 21st 2006 in Guangzhou, China to investigate the potential effects of the time of day of carcass exposure on body decomposition and insect succession, and also to provide fundamental data on insect succession in summer for this area. The results showed that there were negligible differences in the decay process among the carcasses. We found the carcasses synchronized their decay stage after entering the bloated stage on July 21st. All 6 carcasses entered the remains stage on August 3rd (approximately 14 d after carcass placement). The carcasses yielded 30 species of arthropods, representing 3 orders and 12 families, and no obvious differences were found in species composition between the carcasses. However, we found that there were significant differences in the arrival and colonization of Calliphoridae. We found two batches of Chrysomya megacephala (Fabricius) larvae with significant differences in body length and instar on the carcasses placed at the site at 11:00, 15:00 and 19:00. By contrast, there was only one batch of C. megacephala larvae having similar body length and instar on the carcasses placed at the site at 23:00, 03:00 and 07:00. These observations have potential use for estimating the postmortem interval in forensic entomology.
Asunto(s)
Conducta Alimentaria , Insectos , Cambios Post Mortem , Animales , Cadáver , China , Entomología , Patologia Forense , Larva , Porcinos , TemperaturaRESUMEN
Regular exercise training improves body composition, blood lipid profiles and exercise adaptation. This study was conducted to investigate the effect of exercise training at different times of day on body composition, blood lipids, stress hormones and nutrient intakes. Twenty four male graduate students carried out this experiment. The subjects were divided into three groups; morning exercise group, evening exercise group and control group. Two exercise groups performed running and muscular resistance training at mid intensity for 12 week periods. Body composition, blood lipid profiles, blood cortisol, ACTH and nutrient intakes were analyzed prior to, midway and after training. There were significant differences about interaction between different exercise times and training periods in plasma TG and HDL-C of the evening exercise training (p < 0.05). Also the evening exercise group was showed the decreasing of TC after training (p < 0.05). No significant differences about interaction between different exercise times and training periods were shown in body composition, stress hormones and nutrient intakes in the three groups. But evening exercise training decreased body fat (%) and blood ACTH (p < 0.05). Also the increasing of carbohydrate intakes was shown by the evening exercise training (p < 0.05). In contrast, morning exercise group indicated a decrease of body fat (%) after 6 week training (p < 0.05), but this effect was not maintained after 12 weeks of training. These results suggested that regular evening exercise is more effect than morning exercise from the viewpoint of improving body composition, blood lipids, nutrient intakes and exercise adaptation.