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Angiomyolipomas are benign mesenchymal lesions often diagnosed incidentally, composed of adipose tissue, dysmorphic blood vessels, and smooth muscle. They are usually unilateral and symptomatic only when larger than 4 centimeters, posing a risk of spontaneous rupture and severe retroperitoneal hemorrhage. Treatment varies from conservative management to selective embolization or nephrectomy, depending on tumor size and patient condition. This case report describes a 26-year-old female with a giant renal angiomyolipoma treated with angioembolization, who subsequently developed postembolization syndrome.

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Dissecting aneurysms are common in early stages of life, and minimally invasive intervention is recommended to reduce the risk of complications due to the challenge of identifying structures with a higher risk of bleeding. An 18-year-old patient presented with a dissecting aneurysm of the right middle cerebral artery, characterized by a poorly defined neck and a high risk of rupture. Endovascular treatment with a flow-diverting stent and coils was performed, successfully correcting the lesion without complications. Recent advances in endovascular therapy allow precise localization of blood vessels and aneurysms, crucial for managing dissecting aneurysms, which damage vascular walls. Treatment should be individualized based on the lesion's characteristics. In this case, minimally invasive endovascular therapy was chosen to reduce risks such as bleeding, surgical complications, and prolonged anesthesia, particularly important due to the complexity of the patient's vascular structures.

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BACKGROUND: Multimodal therapy for brain arteriovenous malformations (bAVM) with embolization followed by stereotactic radiosurgery (E + SRS) has shown varying outcomes. Its benefits over other treatment modalities have been questioned. The goal of this systematic review was to determine the factors associated with cure and complication rates of this treatment strategy. METHODS: A literature search in Medline and Global Index Medicus, from inception to October 2023, was performed. Studies reporting relevant outcome data from bAVM patients treated with E + SRS were included. Data on several patient, lesion and procedure-related factors were collected. Embolization intent was classified as Targeted (of high-risk features), Devascularizing (feeder embolization/flow reduction) and Occluding (intent-to-cure, nidus embolization). The primary outcome was obliteration rate. Secondary outcomes were post-SRS bleeding (PSB), post-embolization neurological complications (PENC) and post-SRS neurological complications (PSNC). Subgroup analyses included embolic agent, embolization intent and radiosurgery type. Proportional meta-analyses and meta-regressions were performed. RESULTS: Forty-one studies were included in the review. The pooled obliteration rate was 56.45% (95% CI 50.94 to 61.88). Meta-regression analyses showed higher obliteration rates with Copolymers and lower obliteration rates with Devascularizing embolization. The pooled PSB, PENC and PSNC rates were 5.50%, 13.75% and 5.02%, respectively. Meta-regression analyses showed higher rates of PSB, PENC and PSNC with Devascularizing embolization, Liquid & Solid embolic agents and Targeted & Devascularizing intent, respectively. CONCLUSION: Embolic agent and embolization intent were procedural factors associated with treatment outcomes of E + SRS in the management of bAVM patients. The efficacy and safety profiles favor copolymers as embolic agents and disfavor Devascularizing as embolization intent. STUDY REGISTRATION: The protocol of the systematic review was registered in PROSPERO as CRD42023474171.

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Background: Hemangioblastomas are benign vascular neoplasms, World Health Organization grade I, with the most frequent location in the cerebellum. Complete microsurgical resection can be a challenge due to excessive bleeding, which is why preoperative embolization takes importance. Case Description: Two clinical cases are presented, a 25-year-old woman and a 75-year-old man, who presented with intracranial hypertension symptoms due to obstructive hydrocephalus; a ventriculoperitoneal shunt was placed in both cases; in addition, they presented with cerebellar signs. Both underwent embolization with ethylene vinyl alcohol copolymer, with blood flow reduction. After that, they underwent microsurgical resection within the 1st-week post embolization, obtaining, in both cases, gross total resection without hemodynamic complications, with clinical improvement and good surgical outcome. It is worth mentioning that surgical management is the gold standard that allows a suitable surgical approach, like in our patients, for which a lateral suboccipital craniotomy was performed. Conclusion: Solid hemangioblastomas are less frequent than their cystic counterparts. The treatment is the surgical resection, which is a challenge and always has to be considered as an arteriovenous malformation in the surgical planning, including preoperative embolization to reduce perioperative morbidity and mortality and get good outcomes.

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RESUMEN Se presenta el caso de un paciente varón de 55 años con antecedente de colecistitis aguda, que durante la hospitalización presentó anemia por hemobilia secundaria a un pseudoaneurima de la arteria cistica. Se realizó, como tratamiento de primera elección, embolización con microparticulas de alcohol polivinílico (PVA) de la arteria cistica, logrando detención del sangrado.

SUMMARY We present the case of a 55-year-old male patient with a history of acute cholecystitis who presented during his hospitalization haemobilia due to a pseudoaneurysm of the cystic artery. Embolectomy of the cystic artery with polyvinyl alcohol microparticles was performed stopping the bleeding.

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Penile trauma is uncommon, with an incidence of 1/175,000 cases in emergency departments worldwide. Less frequent, there may be cases of penile fracture with the penis in a flaccid state and also develop vascular lesions such as rupture of the cavernous artery, pseudoaneurysms, and arterio-cavernous fistulas. We present a case of a 32-year-old male patient with the perineum and pelvis blunt trauma after a motorbike accident with a secondary bilateral arterio-cavernous fistula treated with retrograde embolization through the arch of cavernous arteries.

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BACKGROUND: Brain arteriovenous malformations (bAVM) are complex vascular diseases. Several models have been used to simulate endovascular treatments; thus in vitro models have not been widely employed because it has been difficult to recreate realistic phantoms of this disease. OBJECTIVE: To describe the development and evaluate the preliminary experience of a novel bAVM in vitro model for endovascular embolization using millifluidic three-dimensional (3D) printing technology. METHODS: We designed a bAVM phantom starting from simple to more complex designs, composed of a nidus, feeding arteries and draining vein. We recreate the design by using millifluidic technology with stereolithography 3D printing. Structural and functional tests were performed using angiographic images and computer flow dynamics. Treatment simulations with ethylene vinyl alcohol were tested using two different microcatheter position techniques. A Likert-scale questionnaire was applied to perform a qualitative evaluation of the model. RESULTS: We developed a realistic model of a bAVM with hollow channels. The structural evaluation showed a high precision of the 3D printing process. Embolization tests with the liquid agent gave similar sensations and material behaviour as in vivo cases. There were no significant differences between microcatheter position techniques, thus we observed a trend for better nidus filling with a deeper in-nidus position technique. CONCLUSIONS: We were able to create and test a novel bAVM in vitro model with stereolithography 3D printing in resin. It showed a high capacity for simulating endovascular embolization characteristics, with an excellent user experience. It could be potentially used for training and testing of bAVM embolizations.

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Introduction: Small intestine diverticula are a rare condition with an incidence of 0.6% to 2%. Their location at the level of the jejunum is a rare alteration, and their diagnosis is often delayed due to low clinical suspicion. The clinical manifestation of this pathology is related to the development of complications -15% to 30% of patients, with approximately 10% requiring surgical intervention. Clinical case: We present a case of a middle-aged adult patient who experienced a complication due to a bleeding jejunal diverticulum. The patient underwent surgical management, which resulted in a satisfactory outcome. Objective: This article aims to describe jejunal diverticulosis, a rare condition that can have a significant impact on affected individuals. Emphasizing its clinical suspicion as a differential diagnosis for gastrointestinal bleeding is crucial. Additionally, we discuss diagnostic methods and highlight various therapeutic options, including surgical management.

Introducción: los divertículos del intestino delgado presentan una incidencia del 0,6% al 2%, su localización a nivel del yeyuno es una alteración poco frecuente y, dada su baja sospecha clínica, se retrasa el diagnóstico oportuno. La manifestación clínica de esta patología se encuentra relacionada con el desarrollo de complicaciones, las cuales ocurren entre el 15% y el 30% de los pacientes, y el 10% de estos pacientes requiere manejo quirúrgico. Caso clínico: un paciente adulto medio cursó con una complicación secundaria a la presencia de un divertículo del yeyuno sangrante, al cual se le dio un manejo quirúrgico con un resultado satisfactorio. Objetivo: este artículo tiene como objetivo describir la diverticulosis yeyunal que, aunque poco frecuente, puede generar un compromiso importante en quien la padece, lo que prioriza su sospecha clínica como diagnóstico diferencial causante de hemorragia gastrointestinal, así como dilucidar métodos diagnósticos y estar al tanto de las diferentes opciones terapéuticas que existen, incluido el manejo quirúrgico.

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RESUMEN Introducción: Los leiomiomas uterinos son los tumores ginecológicos benignos más comunes; son causa de anemia, infertilidad, alteración en la implantación embrionaria, pérdida gestacional recurrente, parto prematuro e incontinencia urinaria. Su transformación maligna es excepcional. La afectación a la fertilidad, se asocia con miomas entre el 3 % y el 31 % y depende de su ubicación y tamaño, sobre todo en los que distorsionan la cavidad uterina. Objetivo: Describir las opciones terapéuticas para una joven nulípara con un mioma uterino intramural gigante. Caso Clínico: Paciente de 30 años de edad, con antecedentes de mioma uterino intramural, de 5 años de evolución, además anemia ferripriva. Aqueja menstruaciones abundantes y dolorosas, incontinencia urinaria y constipación. El tratamiento fue escalonado, mediante el uso de acetato de goserelina, embolización selectiva de las arterias uterinas y posterior miomectomía. Conclusiones: El tratamiento del mioma uterino en la mujer joven, nulípara, depende del tamaño, localización, sintomatología asociada, edad de la paciente y deseo de engendrar descendencia.

ABSTRACT Introduction: Uterine leiomyomas are the most common benign gynecological tumors; they are a cause of anemia, infertility, altered embryo implantation, recurrent gestational loss, premature delivery and urinary incontinence. Their malignant transformation is exceptional. Fertility impairment is associated with myomas in between 3 % and 31 % and depends on their location and size, especially in those that distort the uterine cavity. Objective: To describe the therapeutic options for a nulliparous girl with a giant intramural uterine fibroid. Clinical Case: A 30-year-old patient with a 5-year history of intramural uterine fibroid, in addition to iron deficiency anemia. She complains of heavy and painful periods, urinary incontinence and constipation. Treatment was staggered, using goserelin acetate, selective embolization of the uterine arteries, and subsequent myomectomy. Conclusions: The treatment of uterine fibroid in young, nulliparous women depends on the size, location, associated symptoms, age of the patient and desire to have offspring.

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Introducción. El objetivo de este artículo fue dar a conocer el protocolo institucional del manejo de la placenta percreta como un procedimiento varias horas después de la cesárea, con embolización de arterias placentarias de forma selectivas, previo a la práctica de la histerectomía, y presentar los resultados. Métodos. Estudio de serie de casos, donde se evaluaron las pacientes con placenta percreta, manejadas durante un año en un hospital de cuarto nivel de complejidad en la ciudad de Bogotá, D.C., Colombia. Se efectuó cesárea fúndica y se dejó la placenta in situ, 48 a 72 horas después se realizó embolización ultra selectiva y luego de 2 a 3 días se procedió a practicar la histerectomía vía abdominal. Resultados. Se evaluaron 5 pacientes, con paridad de 3,8 embarazos promedio, con diagnóstico de placenta percreta. El tiempo promedio de espera entre la embolización y la histerectomía fue de 1,6 días. No se presentaron complicaciones asociadas a la embolización, ni morbimortalidad materno fetal. Los volúmenes de sangrado en promedio durante la histerectomía de cada paciente fueron de 1160 ml. Conclusión. Existen datos limitados sobre el tratamiento óptimo del acretismo placentario. La sospecha diagnóstica permite planificar de forma favorable el manejo intraparto y, es por ello, que el surgimiento de nuevas técnicas, como la embolización de arterias placentarias, constituyen alternativas para un manejo más seguro de las pacientes.

Introduction. The objective of this article was to present the institutional protocol for the management of percrete placenta as a procedure several hours after cesarean section, with selective embolization of placental arteries, prior to the practice of hysterectomy, and to present the results. Methods. Case series study, where patients with percrete placenta were evaluated, managed for 1 year in a hospital of fourth level of complexity in the city of Bogotá, Colombia. A fundic cesarean section was performed and the placenta was left in situ, 48 to 72 hours later an ultra-selective embolization was performed, followed by an abdominal hysterectomy after 2 to 3 days.Results. Five patients with a diagnosis of placenta percreta were evaluated; mean wait time between embolization and hysterectomy was 1.6 days. There were no complications associated with embolization, or maternal-fetal morbidity and mortality. Average bleeding volumes during hysterectomy for each patient were 1160 ml. Conclusion. There are limited data on the optimal treatment of percrete placenta. Diagnostic suspicion allows for a favorable planning of intrapartum management and, for this reason, the emergence of new techniques, such as placental artery embolization, constitute alternatives for a safer management of patients.

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Aneurysms of the pancreaticoduodenal arteries are a rare condition. In the majority of cases, diagnosis is made in emergency situations due to complications such as rupture, which is associated with high mortality rates (21-26%). Embolization of the aneurysm sac is the treatment of choice, because of its high efficacy and lower mortality. This article presents and discusses a case of inferior pancreaticoduodenal artery aneurysm that was diagnosed during investigation of gastrointestinal symptoms. The treatment provided was microcoil embolization, with complete exclusion of the aneurysm and a good clinical course.

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In the past, treatment of visceral artery aneurysms (VAAs) was exclusively surgical. These aneurysms were rarely diagnosed in elective or emergency cases. Development of imaging techniques and endovascular procedures has changed the history of the therapeutic options for this pathology. Endovascular management of VAAs has arisen to advances in endovascular techniques and has achieved high efficacy.

No passado, o tratamento de aneurismas da artéria visceral (VAAs) era exclusivamente cirúrgico e raramente diagnosticado em casos eletivos ou de emergência. O desenvolvimento de técnicas de imagem e procedimentos endovasculares mudou a história das opções terapêuticas dessa patologia. O manejo endovascular de VAAs surgiu devido ao avanço das técnicas endovasculares, o qual apresentou uma alta eficácia.

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Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) rupture is a rare complication, with a higher prevalence in countries of Asia and Europe. Its clinical manifestations can be nonspecific, from abdominal pain and bloating to hemodynamic involvement. We report a 70-year-old male patient with a history of chronic liver disease, presenting with an enlargement and ecchymosis of the scrotum, associated with abdominal bloating. The initial abdominal ultrasound study showed increased liquid content in the scrotal sac and regional edema. A CT of the abdomen and pelvis showed a liver mass with characteristics of hepatocellular carcinoma, associated with extensive hemoperitoneum that drained into the scrotal sac. The patient was treated with embolization of the right hepatic artery and later with surgical resection of the tumor mass, with a good clinical evolution.

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Introducción. La mayoría de las lesiones de carótida cervical en nuestra institución se manejan por vía endovascular. El objetivo de este estudio fue describir los desenlaces del manejo de las lesiones de carótida cervical en un hospital de cuarto nivel en la ciudad de Cali, Colombia. Métodos. Estudio de series de casos, retrospectivo, descriptivo, en pacientes con trauma de carótida (penetrante y cerrado), admitidos en un centro de alta complejidad de la ciudad de Cali, en el periodo comprendido desde enero de 2018 hasta enero de 2020. Resultados. Se evaluaron 20 pacientes con lesión de carótida, de los cuales 90 % tenía trauma penetrante, en su mayoría por proyectil de arma de fuego. La zona más frecuentemente afectada fue la carótida interna (65 %) y el 40 % de los pacientes presentaban síntomas neurológicos al ingreso. Se realizó manejo endovascular en 13 pacientes, con un 75 % de éxito en el manejo endovascular al ingreso. La mortalidad general fue del 20 %, que en su mayoría estuvo relacionada con traumatismo en otros órganos. El 69 % de los pacientes quedaron sin secuelas neurológicas al alta y el 25 % con secuelas mínimas. Discusión. Se muestra una serie de casos con lesión de carótida donde, teniendo en cuenta las variables de mal pronóstico para hacer una selección adecuada de los pacientes candidatos a este tipo de terapia, el resultado del manejo endovascular fue exitoso

Introduction. Most cervical carotid injuries in our institution are managed by endovascular approach. The objective of this study was to describe the outcomes of the endovascular management of cervical carotid lesions in at a I Level Trauma Center in Cali, Colombia. Methods. Retrospective, descriptive case series study in patients with both penetrating and blunt carotid trauma who were admitted to a I Level Trauma Center between January 2018 and January 2020. Results. Twenty patients with carotid injury were evaluated, of which 90% had penetrating trauma, mostly from a firearm projectile. The most frequently affected area was the internal carotid (65%) and 40% of the patients had neurological symptoms on admission. Endovascular management was performed in 13 patients, with a 75% success rate in endovascular management on admission. Overall mortality was 20%, most of which was related to trauma to other organs; 69% of the patients were left without neurological sequelae at discharge and 25% with minimal sequelae.Discussion. We describe a case series of patients with cervical carotid injury, taking into account the variables of poor prognosis to make an adequate selection of patients for endovascular management, the result of endovascular management was successful

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Introducción. Las malformaciones arteriovenosas son lesiones relativamente raras e infrecuentes. Se caracterizan por presentar un aumento anormal en el número de vasos sanguíneos como consecuencia de un defecto en el desarrollo vascular. Constituyen un desafío diagnóstico y terapéutico para el médico tratante. Su incidencia es de alrededor el 1.5% de la población general. Dentro de las opciones terapéuticas se incluye la embolización selectiva, la resección quirúrgica o ambas. El objetivo del presente artículo es reportar un caso de una patología poco frecuente y hacer una revisión literaria del tema para arrojar luz sobre su diagnóstico. Reporte de caso. Se presenta el caso de un paciente adulto joven que consulta por presentar una masa en glúteo derecho de 6 años de evolución. Esta es diagnosticada erróneamente como lipoma, por lo que se lleva al paciente a cirugía sin la realización de imágenes diagnósticas previas. En la cirugía, el paciente presenta choque hipovolémico. Posteriormente, se documenta la masa como malformación arteriovenosa profunda. Discusión. Es poco usual la ubicación de dichas malformaciones en los miembros inferiores, como en el paciente del actual caso. El diagnóstico de estas lesiones puede ser clínico, pero requiere del conocimiento o sospecha de esta entidad, ya que pueden ser lesiones clínicamente no visibles, lo que lleva a que pasen inadvertidas o se diagnostiquen de forma errónea. Conclusión. Aunque se trata de una patología poco frecuente, esta puede generar repercusiones clínicas, físicas, psicológicas y estéticas importantes, por lo que es indispensable realizar adecuados métodos por imágenes que permitan establecer su correcto diagnóstico y manejo. Cómo citar. Rodriguez-Londoño NH. Malformación arteriovenosa de alto flujo en un adulto joven. MedUNAB. 2021;24(1): 72-79. doi: https://doi.org/10.29375/01237047.3785

Introduction. Arteriovenous malformations are relative rare and infrequent injuries. Their main characteristic is an abnormal increase in the number of blood vessels as a result of defective vascular development. They represent a diagnostic and therapeutic challenge for the treating physician. Their incidence in the general population is around 1.5%. Some therapeutic options include selective embolization, surgical resection, or both. The purpose of this article is to report a case of an infrequent pathology and to perform a literature review on the topic to shed light on its diagnosis. Case report. The case involves a young adult patient who inquired about the presence of a mass in the right buttock with six years of evolution. It was erroneously diagnosed as a lipoma, as a result of which the patient was taken to surgery without performing preliminary diagnostic images. During surgery, the patient went into hypovolemic shock. Afterwards, the mass was documented as a profound arteriovenous malformation. Discussion. Such malformations are rarely found in the lower limbs, as in this case. These injuries may be clinically diagnosed, but knowledge or suspicion on the existence of this entity is required, because such injuries might not be clinically visible, which implies that they may go unnoticed or be erroneously diagnosed. Conclusion. Even though it is an infrequent pathology, it may have substantial clinical, physical, psychological and aesthetic implications, which implies that it is indispensable to perform adequate imaging-based procedures to enable its adequate diagnosis and management. Cómo citar. Rodriguez-Londoño NH. Malformación arteriovenosa de alto flujo en un adulto joven. MedUNAB. 2021;24(1): 72-79. doi: https://doi.org/10.29375/01237047.3785

Introdução. As malformações arteriovenosas são lesões relativamente raras e infrequentes. São caracterizadas por apresentarem um aumento anormal do número de vasos sanguíneos como consequência de um defeito no desenvolvimento vascular. Constituem um desafio diagnóstico e terapêutico para o médico que trata. Sua incidência gira em torno de 1.5% da população geral. As opções de tratamento incluem embolização seletiva, ressecção cirúrgica ou ambas. O objetivo deste artigo é relatar um caso de patologia pouco frequente e fazer uma revisão bibliográfica sobre o assunto para lançar luz sobre seu diagnóstico. Relato de caso. Apresentamos o caso de um paciente adulto jovem que consultou por apresentar uma massa na nádega direita, de 6 anos de evolução. Isso é diagnosticado erroneamente como um lipoma, então o paciente é levado para cirurgia sem imagens diagnósticas prévias. Na cirurgia, o paciente apresenta um choque hipovolêmico. Posteriormente, a massa é documentada como uma malformação arteriovenosa profunda. Discussão. A localização dessas malformações nos membros inferiores é incomum, como no caso deste paciente. O diagnóstico dessas lesões pode ser clínico, mas requer conhecimento ou suspeita dessa entidade, pois podem ser lesões clinicamente invisíveis, o que as leva a passar despercebidas ou mal diagnosticadas. Conclusão. Embora seja uma patologia pouco frequente, pode gerar importantes repercussões clínicas, físicas, psicológicas e estéticas, pelo que é imprescindível a realização de métodos de imagem adequados para estabelecer seu correto diagnóstico e tratamento. Cómo citar. Rodriguez-Londoño NH. Malformación arteriovenosa de alto flujo en un adulto joven. MedUNAB. 2021;24(1): 72-79. doi: https://doi.org/10.29375/01237047.3785

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Abstract In the past, treatment of visceral artery aneurysms (VAAs) was exclusively surgical. These aneurysms were rarely diagnosed in elective or emergency cases. Development of imaging techniques and endovascular procedures has changed the history of the therapeutic options for this pathology. Endovascular management of VAAs has arisen to advances in endovascular techniques and has achieved high efficacy.

Resumo No passado, o tratamento de aneurismas da artéria visceral (VAAs) era exclusivamente cirúrgico e raramente diagnosticado em casos eletivos ou de emergência. O desenvolvimento de técnicas de imagem e procedimentos endovasculares mudou a história das opções terapêuticas dessa patologia. O manejo endovascular de VAAs surgiu devido ao avanço das técnicas endovasculares, o qual apresentou uma alta eficácia.

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Resumo Os aneurismas das artérias pancreatoduodenais constituem uma afecção rara. Seu diagnóstico é realizado, na maioria das vezes, em situações de emergência por complicações como a rotura, a qual está associada a altas taxas de mortalidade (21-26%). A embolização do saco aneurismático é o tratamento de escolha, devido à sua alta efetividade e menor mortalidade. Neste artigo, é apresentado e discutido um caso de aneurisma de artéria pancreatoduodenal inferior com diagnóstico obtido durante investigação de sintomas gastrointestinais. O tratamento instituído foi a embolização com micromolas, com completa exclusão do aneurisma e boa evolução clínica.

Abstract Aneurysms of the pancreaticoduodenal arteries are a rare condition. In the majority of cases, diagnosis is made in emergency situations due to complications such as rupture, which is associated with high mortality rates (21-26%). Embolization of the aneurysm sac is the treatment of choice, because of its high efficacy and lower mortality. This article presents and discusses a case of inferior pancreaticoduodenal artery aneurysm that was diagnosed during investigation of gastrointestinal symptoms. The treatment provided was microcoil embolization, with complete exclusion of the aneurysm and a good clinical course.

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El pseudoaneurisma arterial es la dilatación de un vaso, producto de la lesión de la pared. Es generado, principalmente, por traumatismos y, en menor medida, por patologías inflamatorias del endotelio. Se presenta como un hematoma pulsátil y doloroso. Su diagnóstico suele realizarse debido a que, ante una ecografía Doppler, se observa una imagen hipoecoica adyacente a un vaso con flujo en su interior. Su baja prevalencia, asociada a su presentación clínica variable, puede generar confusión con infecciones de piel y partes blandas o trombosis. El manejo puede ser desde la compresión extrínseca hasta la cirugía abierta, y no existen algoritmos terapéuticos en la actualidad. Se describeel caso de un paciente de 13 años con un pseudoaneurisma en una rama muscular de la arteria femoral superficial, secundario a un traumatismo cortante en el que se realizó exitosamente el abordaje endovascular con colocación de microcoils para la exclusión del saco pseudoaneurismático.

Pseudoaneurysm or 'false aneurysm' is defined as an abnormal arterial dilatation produced by an injury to its wall that does not affect the three parietal layers like in 'true' aneurysms. In general, false aneurysms are related to traumatisms and, less frequently, to inflammatory disease of vascular endothelium. Clinically, it shows a pulsatile, painful hematoma in the affected region. The initial diagnosis is usually achieved by Doppler ultrasound showing a hypoechoic image in relation to a blood vessel or its wall. Due to the low prevalence of false aneurysm, it is commonly confused with skin and soft tissue's infections or with thrombosis. There are different options of treatment, from extrinsic compression to open surgery. We describe the case of a 13-year-old patient with traumatic false aneurysm of a muscular branch of femoral artery, successfully managed with endovascular exclusion of the lesion with microcoil

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Pseudoaneurysm or 'false aneurysm' is defined asan abnormal arterial dilatation produced by an injury to its wall that does not affect the three parietal layers like in 'true' aneurysms. In general, false aneurysms are related to traumatisms and, less frequently, to inflammatory disease of vascular endothelium. Clinically, it shows a pulsatile, painful hematoma in the affected region. The initial diagnosis is usually achieved by Doppler ultrasound showing a hypoechoic image in relation to a blood vessel or its wall. Due to the low prevalence of false aneurysm, it is commonly confused with skin and soft tissue's infections or with thrombosis. There are different options of treatment, from extrinsic compression to open surgery. We describe the case of a 13-year-old patient with traumatic false aneurysm of a muscular branch of femoral artery, successfully managed with endovascular exclusion of the lesion with microcoils.

El pseudoaneurisma arterial es la dilatación de un vaso, producto de la lesión de la pared. Es generado, principalmente, por traumatismos y, enmenor medida, por patologías inflamatorias del endotelio. Se presenta como un hematoma pulsátil y doloroso. Su diagnóstico suele realizarse debido a que, ante una ecografía Doppler, se observa una imagen hipoecoica adyacente a un vaso conflujo en su interior. Subajaprevalencia, asociada a su presentación clínica variable, puede generar confusión con infecciones de piel y partes blandas o trombosis. El manejo puede ser desde la compresión extrínseca hasta la cirugía abierta, y no existen algoritmos terapéuticos en la actualidad. Se describe el caso de un paciente de 13 años con un pseudoaneurisma en una rama muscular de la arteria femoral superficial, secundario a un traumatismo cortante en el que se realizó exitosamente el abordaje endovascular con colocación de microcoils para la exclusión del saco pseudoaneurismático.

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BACKGROUND: Cerebellar mutism is usually associated with posterior fossa tumor surgery. CASE REPORT: We report a case of a 17-year-old female, presented with headache and tremor after hemorrhage from a vermian arteriovenous malformation. She was successfully treated by embolization; however, on immediate postoperative, she developed persistent mutism. To the best authors' knowledge, this is the first case of cerebellar mutism after endovascular treatment reported in the medical literature. CONCLUSION: The endovascular approach may have the same potential of complication of conventional surgery; therefore, more study is necessary to clarify the role and limits of this technique to treat cerebellar arteriovenous malformation.

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