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BACKGROUND: To analyze the associations among autonomous motivation, self-efficacy, satisfaction of basic psychological needs, social support and perceived environment with physical activity practice of adolescents aged between 12 and 15 years; and to test autonomous motivations and self-efficacy as potential mediators of the associations between these environmental factors and physical activity practice. METHODS: We evaluated 553 adolescents, that participated in the ActTeens Program. Physical activity was assessed using the Physical Activity Questionnaire for Adolescents. Autonomous motivation, self-efficacy, satisfaction of basic psychological needs, parents' social support and perceived environment were assessed using specifics questionnaires. Linear regression models were used to test the associations. RESULTS: Parents' support (ß = 0.32), satisfaction of basic psychological needs of colleagues (ß = 0.21) and teachers (ß = 0.12), and perceived environment (ß = 0.10) had significant associations with physical activity (p < 0.05). The direct effect value was reduced when autonomous motivation was added as a mediator of the association between parents' support and physical activity (ß = 0.24), with a 25% mediated effect. Autonomous motivation was mediator of the relationship between basic psychological needs of colleagues (ß = 0.13; EM = 38%), teachers (ß = 0.02; EM = 83%), and perceived environment (ß = 0.03; EM = 70%) with physical activity. CONCLUSION: Self-efficacy was not associated with physical activity and autonomous motivation was an important mediator of adolescents' physical activity.
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Ejercicio Físico , Motivación , Autoeficacia , Apoyo Social , Humanos , Adolescente , Femenino , Masculino , Ejercicio Físico/psicología , Niño , Encuestas y Cuestionarios , Autonomía Personal , Padres/psicología , Conducta del Adolescente/psicología , Satisfacción Personal , Medio SocialRESUMEN
INTRODUCTION: Adolescents represent an important demographic percentage in the studied population and in Emergency Departments (ED). It is imperative that health professionals and services are prepared to address this population. This work aims to characterize adolescents at the ED of a Brazilian private tertiary hospital. METHODS: The study was an observational, retrospective longitudinal cohort that included 37,450 visits of patients aged 10 to 21 years of age, between January 2018 and June 2022 in the ED of a private tertiary hospital. The study evaluated the reason for the consultation, diagnosis, need for hospitalization, the medical professional responsible for the care, severity, and paying source of care. RESULTS: 53.7% were female. Mean age was 16.2y for girls and 15.6y for boys (p < 0.005). The most common complaints were flu-like symptoms (17.4%), sore throat (8.2%), fever (6.7%) and limb trauma (6.3%). Flu-like symptoms were the main consultations caused in all age groups and genders. 36.8% were attended by a general practitioner, 35.8% by a pediatrician, 15.1% by orthopedics and 5.6% by surgeons. The hospitalization rate was 5.5%. There was a strong correlation between age and hospitalization rate (correlation coefficient [r = 0.93]; p < 0.001). The most prevalent diagnoses in hospitalizations were acute abdomen (12.7%) and trauma (9.4%). 78.2% of the consultations were classified as "not urgent". There was a strong correlation between age and severity (r = 0.86; p < 0.001). 92.7% of the consultations were paid by medical insurance. CONCLUSION: In this study, flu-like symptoms were the single main reason for adolescents to search for immediate health care, in every age subgroup and gender, but represented a small risk for hospital admission. Limb trauma was more common in younger male teenagers. Acute abdominal pain and trauma were the most frequent causes of hospital admissions. There was a significant and strong correlation between age and both admission rate and severity.
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Servicio de Urgencia en Hospital , Hospitalización , Centros de Atención Terciaria , Humanos , Adolescente , Masculino , Femenino , Brasil/epidemiología , Servicio de Urgencia en Hospital/estadística & datos numéricos , Estudios Retrospectivos , Centros de Atención Terciaria/estadística & datos numéricos , Niño , Hospitalización/estadística & datos numéricos , Adulto Joven , Hospitales Privados/estadística & datos numéricos , Estudios LongitudinalesRESUMEN
OBJECTIVE: To establish whether physical fitness and cognitive self-perceptions act as mediators in the link between global fitness and cognitive performance measured objectively in adolescents. We also compared differences across sex. METHODS: A total of 1296 adolescents (50 % girls) from grades 5 to 8 (ages 10-14) participated in this cross-sectional study. The ALPHA-fitness test battery assessed physical fitness, comprising cardiorespiratory, speed-agility, and muscular fitness components. We used the 1-5-point International Fitness Scale for physical fitness self-perception, and the 1-10 scale for cognitive performance self-perception. Objective cognitive performance was assessed using a neurocognitive battery consisting of eight tasks. Using principal component analysis, these tasks were grouped into three domains: attention, working memory, and problem solving. We examined three serial mediation models adjusted for sex, standardized body mass index, maturation, and school vulnerability index. RESULTS: Physical fitness and cognitive self-perceptions mediated the effects on attention (B = .0027, CI = .0011 to .0047), memory (B = .0025; CI = .0003 to .0055 and B = .0035; CI = .0009 to .0063), and problem-solving (B = -.0137; CI = -.0231 to -.0052 and B = .0072; CI = .0043 to .0106). By sex, boys showed mediation in all domains, while girls only showed mediation in problem-solving. CONCLUSIONS: Adolescents' perceptions play a crucial and positive mediating role in linking objective measures of physical fitness to cognitive performance outcomes, particularly when self-perceptions of physical fitness and cognition are considered together. Therefore, educating families and school/health environments about the importance of adolescent perceptions, while fostering self-awareness and reinforcing their capabilities, is essential.
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Cognición , Aptitud Física , Autoimagen , Humanos , Adolescente , Masculino , Femenino , Aptitud Física/fisiología , Aptitud Física/psicología , Estudios Transversales , Cognición/fisiología , Niño , Atención/fisiología , Memoria a Corto Plazo/fisiología , Solución de Problemas , Factores SexualesRESUMEN
BACKGROUND: Understanding the relationship of social network use and addictive behaviors with adolescent psychosocial health is crucial in today's digital age. AIM: To verify the associations between social network use, messaging applications, and the addictive behaviors to social network with psychosocial health in Spanish adolescents. METHODS: A cross-sectional study was developed with 632 adolescents, aged 12 to 17 years from the Region of Murcia, Spain. The assessment of social network use (Facebook, Twitter, Instagram, Snapchat, and TikTok) involved evaluating the frequency of use of each social network individually using a single-item scale with five response options. WhatsApp use (i.e., a messaging application) was evaluated in the same manner. The Short Social Networks Addiction Scale-6 Symptoms was employed to assess potential addictive behaviors to social network use. The psychosocial health was assessed using the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire. Generalized linear regression models were conducted, and predictive probabilities of having psychosocial health problems were calculated. RESULTS: The predicted probability of presenting psychosocial health problems in the medium users and high users of social networks was 19.3% (95% confidence interval [CI] 13.0 to 27.7), and 16.2% (95% CI 10.2 to 24.6) higher compared to low users, respectively. High usage of Instagram, TikTok, Snapchat, and Facebook was associated with increased probabilities of psychosocial health problems, with Facebook showing the highest probabilities, at 31.3% (95% CI 14.8 to 54.2) for medium users and 51.9% (95% CI 26.5 to 76.3) for high users. Additionally, adolescents with addictive behaviors to social network use had from 19.0 to 25.2% probabilities of experiencing psychosocial health problems. Finally, the highest probabilities of having psychosocial health problems were identified in adolescents with high addictive behaviors when using social networks (28.9%; 95% CI 19.3 to 40.8%) and the lowest in those with low addictive behaviors (6.8%; 95% CI 3.3 to 13.6%). CONCLUSION: Adolescents who use social networks more frequently and exhibit more addictive behaviors related to their use are more likely to experience psychosocial health problems compared to those who do not. Facebook showed the strongest association, followed by Snapchat, Instagram, and TikTok. Our data also revealed that adolescents exhibit various signs of addictive behaviors to social network use.
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PURPOSE: The current research aimed to investigate the connection between food insecurity and sleep issues among Spanish adolescents aged from 12 to 17 years from the Valle de Ricote (Region of Murcia, Spain). METHODS: Data from the Eating Healthy and Daily Life Activities Study, which included a sample of 836 adolescents (55.3% girls), were analyzed. Food insecurity was evaluated using the Child Food Security Survey Module in Spanish (CFSSM-S), while sleep-related problems were evaluated using the Bedtime problems, Excessive daytime sleepiness, Awakenings during the night, Regularity and duration of sleep, and Sleep-disordered breathing (BEARS) sleep screening tool. Generalized linear models were employed to explore the association between food insecurity and sleep-related issues. RESULTS: Compared with their counterparts with food security, adolescents with food insecurity had greater probabilities of bedtime problems (24.1%, 95% confidence interval (CI) 16.9% to 33.0%, p = 0.003), excessive daytime sleepiness (36.4%, 95% CI 27.5% to 46.3%, p < 0.001), awakenings during the night (16.7%, 95% CI 10.8% to 25.1%, p = 0.004), and any sleep-related problems (68.1%, 95% CI 57.5% to 77.1%, p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS: This study suggests that food insecurity is related to greater sleep-related problems among adolescents. Implementing strategies to mitigate food insecurity may contribute to improved sleep health among adolescents, highlighting the importance of integrated public health interventions.
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Inseguridad Alimentaria , Trastornos del Sueño-Vigilia , Humanos , Adolescente , Femenino , Masculino , España/epidemiología , Niño , Trastornos del Sueño-Vigilia/epidemiología , Sueño , Estudios Transversales , Encuestas y CuestionariosRESUMEN
Abstract Suicidal behavior is constituted as a public health problem, and the literature is recognized extensively for enunciating risk and protection factors associated with the attempt of suicide. The evaluation of the methodological quality of the primary studies is required by systematic reviews, thus guiding decision-making regarding the design of interventions from the risk approach. The identification of the risk and protective factors associated with suicidal ideation and attempts in adolescents and young people in Latin America studies and the evaluation of the methodological quality of the included studies were the objectives of this systematic review. The databases CUIDEN, LILACS, Pubmed, Scielo, Science Direct, SCOPUS, EBSCO, and Medline were consulted, with the results being restricted to articles in the last 10 years. A total of 3,642 documents were obtained, from which 19 studies were included. Of the studies, 52.63% (n=10) were found to have a medium internal validity level, and 57.89% (n= 11) were determined to have a medium global quality level. The most frequently reported family risk factors were family dysfunction and suicide background, with other factors including the presence of mental disorder, psychoactive substances consumption, physical violence, sexual violence, and the social factor. On the other hand, the study of protective factors was found to be limited, with family functionality and support being the most frequently reported evidence.
Resumen La conducta suicida se constituye en un problema de salud pública, la literatura es amplia en enunciar factores de riesgo y protección asociados al intento de suicidio. Se requiere revisiones sistemáticas que evalúen la calidad metodológica de los estudios primarios y así orientar la toma de decisiones frente al diseño de intervenciones desde el enfoque de riesgo. El objetivo de esta revisión sistemática fue identificar los factores de riesgo y de protección asociados a la ideación e intento de suicidio en adolescentes y jóvenes en estudios de Latinoamérica y evaluar la calidad metodológica. Se consultó las bases de datos CUIDEN, LILACS, Pubmed, Scielo, Science Direct, SCOPUS, EBSCO y Medline, restringiendo los resultados a artículos en los últimos 10 años. Se obtuvieron 3.642 documentos de los cuales se incluyeron 19 estudios. El 52,63% (n=10) de los estudios obtuvo un nivel medio en validez interna y 57,89% (n=11) nivel medio de calidad global. La disfuncionalidad familiar severa y el maltrato familiar fueron los factores de riesgo familiares más reportados, el antecedente de suicidio el factor biológico, la presencia de depresión y el consumo de sustancias psicoactivas fueron los factores psicológicos; el abuso sexual y el acoso escolar los factores sociales. Por su parte, el estudio de los factores protectores fue escaso, el más reportado en la evidencia fue la funcionalidad y el soporte familiar.
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The purpose of this study was to verify the association between angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) genotypes DD, DI, and II and caffeine (CAF) ingestion on endurance performance, heart rate, ratio of perceived exertion (RPE), and habitual caffeine intake (HCI) of adolescent athletes. Seventy-four male adolescent athletes (age: DD=16±1.7; DI=16±2.0; II=15±1.7 years) ingested CAF (6 mg/kg) or placebo (PLA) one hour before performing the Yo-Yo Intermittent Recovery level 1 (Yo-Yo IR1) test. No difference was found among groups for HCI. However, CAF increased the maximal distance covered and VO2max in DI and II genotype carriers compared to PLA (DD: Δ=31 m and 0.3 mL·kg-1·min-1; DI: Δ=286 m and 1.1 mL·kg-1·min-1; II: Δ=160 m and 1.4 mL·kg-1·min-1). Heart rate of DI and II genotype carriers increased with CAF compared to PLA, while RPE was higher in the II and lower in the DD genotypes. The correlations between HCI and maximal distance covered or VO2max were significant in the II genotype carriers with CAF. CAF increased endurance capacity, heart rate, and RPE in adolescent athletes with allele I, while endurance performance and aerobic power had a positive correlation to HCI in the II genotype group. These findings suggested that DD genotype were less responsive to CAF and that genetic variations should be taken into account when using CAF supplementation to enhance exercise performance.
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Addictive behaviors related to Internet are becoming more common and this tool has been essential once it enables home office, entertainment, homeschooling, and easy access to information. Despite the easiness brought by technology, the exaggerated use has affected users in different ways, including in the development of psychiatric disorders. This study aimed to assess internet addiction, depression, anxiety, attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), attention, impulsivity, and stress in 48 adolescents (26 young women and 22 young men), aged from 15 to 18 years, with a mean age of 16.74 (0.61), mostly students of public schools, during COVID-19, to investigate correlations between these variables according to sex and sociodemographic aspects. To assess the factors, the Internet Addiction Test (IAT); the Swanson, Nolan, and Pelham Rating Scale (SNAP-IV) Questionnaire ; the Depression, Anxiety, and Stress scale for brazilian adolescents (EDAE-A); the Barratt Impulsiveness Scale (BIS-11); and a sociodemographic questionnaire were applied. The data collection was performed in schools located in southern Brazil. The results indicated that 12 out of 48 adolescents were considered addicted to the Internet. Moreover, Internet addiction was a predictor of depression in regression analysis (p<0.001). In addition, participants classified as more addicted to the Internet scored lower averages in general attention (p<0.035) and higher averages in behavioral symptoms of inattention and ADHD (p<0.050), stress (p<0.003), anxiety (p<0.016), and depression (p<0.015), with effect sizes ranging from moderate to high. Therefore, the intense internet use by adolescents might cause psychological consequences such as depression in adolescents. Family support and professional intervention might help in the reduction of symptoms and consequences of internet addiction as well as in its prevention.(AU)
A dependência de internet é cada vez mais comum, pois essa ferramenta tem se tornado imprescindível, uma vez que possibilita home office, entretenimento, educação domiciliar e fácil acesso às informações. No entanto, o uso exagerado da tecnologia afeta os usuários de diversas formas, inclusive no desenvolvimento de transtornos psiquiátricos. Este estudo visou avaliar a dependência de internet, depressão, ansiedade, hiperatividade, atenção, impulsividade e estresse em 48 adolescentes (26 meninas e 22 meninos) de 15 a 18 anos, com idade média de 16,74 (0,61), estudantes de escolas públicas do Sul do Brasil durante a covid-19, para investigar correlações entre as variáveis anteriores de acordo com gênero e aspectos sociodemográficos. Para avaliar, aplicou-se o Internet Addiction Test (IAT), um teste de atenção, escala SNAP IV, escala de depressão, ansiedade e estresse para adolescentes (EDAE-A), escala de impulsividade de Barratt e um questionário sociodemográfico. Os resultados indicaram que 12 adolescentes foram considerados viciados em internet, e que a dependência desta foi preditora da depressão na análise de regressão (p < 0,001). Ainda, os participantes classificados como adictos tiveram médias mais baixas em atenção geral (p < 0,035) e mais altas em sintomas comportamentais de desatenção e hiperatividade (p < 0,050), estresse (p < 0,003), ansiedade (p < 0,016) e depressão (p < 0,015), com efeitos que variaram de moderado a alto. Portanto, o uso intenso da internet por adolescentes pode ter consequências psicológicas, como a depressão. Bom apoio familiar e intervenção profissional podem ajudar na redução dos sintomas e consequências, bem como na prevenção da dependência.(AU)
La adicción a Internet es cada vez más habitual, puesto que esta herramienta es esencial para el trabajo remoto, el entretenimiento, la educación domiciliar y el fácil acceso a la información. Sin embargo, su uso exagerado afecta a la vida de las personas de diferentes maneras, incluso en el desarrollo de trastornos psiquiátricos. El objetivo de este estudio fue evaluar la adicción a Internet, depresión, ansiedad, hiperactividad, atención, impulsividad y estrés en 48 adolescentes (26 muchachas y 22 muchachos), de entre 15 y 18 años, con una edad promedio de 16,74 (0,61), en su mayoría estudiantes de escuelas públicas del Sur de Brasil, durante la pandemia de la COVID-19, para investigar las correlaciones entre las variables mencionadas según género y aspectos sociodemográficos. Para evaluar los factores, se aplicaron el Test de Adicción a Internet (TAI), un test de atención, la escala SNAP IV, la Escala de Depresión, Ansiedad y Estrés para adolescentes (EDAE-A), la escala de impulsividad de Barratt y un cuestionario sociodemográfico. Los resultados indicaron que 12 adolescentes fueron considerados adictos a Internet, además, la adicción a Internet fue un predictor de la depresión en el análisis de regresión (p<0,001). Igualmente, los participantes clasificados como más adictos a Internet tuvieron promedios más bajos en atención general (p<0,035), y más altos en síntomas conductuales de falta de atención e hiperactividad (p<0,050), estrés (p<0,003), ansiedad (p<0,016) y depresión (p<0,015), con efectos que varían de moderado a alto. Por lo tanto, el uso intenso podría producir consecuencias psicológicas como la depresión en los adolescentes. Tener un buen apoyo familiar e intervención profesional puede ayudar a reducir los síntomas y las consecuencias de la adicción a Internet, así como prevenirla.(AU)
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Humanos , Masculino , Femenino , Adolescente , Adolescente , Trastorno de Adicción a Internet , Adicción a la Tecnología , Trastornos Mentales , Percepción , Desarrollo de la Personalidad , Fenómenos Psicológicos , Pruebas Psicológicas , Psicología , Psicología Social , Desempeño Psicomotor , Psicopatología , Psicoterapia , Rechazo en Psicología , Autoimagen , Trastornos del Sueño-Vigilia , Ajuste Social , Alienación Social , Medio Social , Aislamiento Social , Ciencias Sociales , Socialización , Factores Socioeconómicos , Sociología , Estrés Psicológico , Análisis y Desempeño de Tareas , Terapéutica , Tiempo , Simplificación del Trabajo , Consultorios Médicos , Trastorno Bipolar , Tedio , Redes de Comunicación de Computadores , Timidez , Actividades Cotidianas , Computadores , Ejercicio Físico , Terapia Cognitivo-Conductual , Comorbilidad , Corteza Cerebral , Defensa del Niño , Protección a la Infancia , Salud Mental , Salud Pública , Reproducibilidad de los Resultados , Conducta del Adolescente , Conducta Adictiva , Administración del Tiempo , Cognición , Medios de Comunicación , Comportamiento del Consumidor , Manifestaciones Neuroconductuales , Trastornos Neurocognitivos , Ingenio y Humor , Consejo , Educación a Distancia , Afecto , Cultura , Salud del Adolescente , Trastorno Depresivo , Desplazamiento Psicológico , Economía , Emociones , Equipos y Suministros , Prevención de Enfermedades , Prueba de Esfuerzo , Cerebro , Conflicto Familiar , Miedo , Conducta Sedentaria , Función Ejecutiva , Pandemias , Disfunción Cognitiva , Medios de Comunicación Sociales , Financiación Personal , Atención Plena , Habilidades Sociales , Teléfono Inteligente , Cuestionario de Salud del Paciente , Procrastinación , Neuroticismo , Rendimiento Académico , Éxito Académico , Realidad Virtual , Ciberacoso , Redes Sociales en Línea , Tiempo de Pantalla , Frustación , Análisis de Datos , Intervención basada en la Internet , Distrés Psicológico , Comparación Social , Interacción Social , COVID-19 , Ritmo Cognitivo Lento , Videojuego de Ejercicio , Privación Social , Factores Sociodemográficos , Trastorno de Conducta Sexual Compulsivo , Trastorno de Oposición Desafiante , Amígdala del Cerebelo , Hostilidad , Visita Domiciliaria , Ergonomía , Conducta Impulsiva , Relaciones Interpersonales , Introversión Psicológica , Ira , Aprendizaje , Sistema Límbico , Soledad , Procesos Mentales , Motivación , Actividad Motora , Movimiento , NeurologíaRESUMEN
Novos tratamentos contra o câncer elevaram a expectativa de vida de crianças e adolescentes, porém, estão associados ao excesso de peso e consequentemente ao risco cardiovascular. O objetivo deste estudo foi relacionar a ingestão dietética, o tempo de remissão do câncer com os índices antropométricos relacionados com o risco cardiovascular em crianças e adolescentes após tratamento de câncer. Estudo transversal realizado com crianças e adolescentes, ambos os sexos, acompanhados pela AVOSOS na cidade de Aracaju/SE. Os voluntários foram avaliados quanto aos aspectos clínicos, antropométricos (peso, estatura, circunferência da cintura [CC], índice de massa corporal e relação cintura/ estatura) e consumo alimentar pelo recordatório de 24 h. Testes de correlação de Pearson ou Spearman foram aplicados, sendo p<0,05 significativo. Foram avaliados 24 indivíduos (45,8% crianças e 54,2% adolescentes), média de idade de 11,6 ± 0,84 anos e tempo de remissão da doença de 26,2 ± 16,6 meses. Os tipos de cânceres relatados foram leucemia, de cabeça e pescoço, linfoma e outros tipos (33,3%, 25,0%, 25,0% e 16,7%, respectivamente). O excesso de peso/ obesidade, de gordura abdominal e risco aumentado para doença cardiovascular foi observado em 62,5%, 41,7% e 58,3% da amostra, respectivamente. A maioria dos participantes apresentou ingestão insuficiente de fibras (95,8%), cálcio (91,7%), ferro (66,7%) e potássio (100%). Correlação positiva foi observada entre CC com a caloria consumida (r=0,411, p=0,046) e ferro dietético (r=0,407, p=0,049). As demais variáveis analisadas não se correlacionaram. Crianças e adolescentes sobreviventes ao câncer apresentam aumento do risco cardiovascular e correlação positiva entre a CC e ingestão calórica e ferro dietético.
New cancer treatments have increased the life expectancy of children and adolescents, however, they are associated with excess weight and consequently with cardiovascular risk. The objective of this study was to relate dietary intake, cancer remission time with anthropometric indices related to cardiovascular risk in children and adolescents after cancer treatment. A cross-sectional study was carried out with children and adolescents, both sexes, monitored by AVOSOS in the city of Aracaju/SE. The volunteers were evaluated regarding clinical and anthropometric aspects (weight, height, waist circumference [WC], body mass index and waist/height ratio) and food consumption using a 24-hour recall. Pearson or Spearman correlation tests were applied, with p<0.05 being significant. 24 individuals were evaluated (45.8% children and 54.2% adolescents), mean age of 11.6 ± 0.84 years and disease remission time of 26.2 months. The types of cancers reported were leukemia, head and neck, lymphoma and other types (33.3%, 25.0%, 25.0% and 16.7%, respectively). Excess weight/obesity, abdominal fat and increased risk for cardiovascular disease were observed in 62.5%, 41.7% and 58.3% of the sample. The majority of participants had insufficient intake of fiber (95.8%), calcium (91.7%), iron (66.7%) and potassium (100%). A positive correlation was observed between WC and calories consumed (r=0.411, p=0.046) and dietary iron (r=0.407, p=0.049). The other variables analyzed were not correlated. Children and adolescents who survive cancer have an increased cardiovascular risk and a positive correlation between WC and caloric intake and dietary iron.
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A Violência por Parceiro Íntimo (VPI) envolve comportamentos violentos entre parceiros formais e eventuais. Apesar de Curitiba ter uma Rede de Proteção à Criança e ao Adolescente, não há ações específicas para abordar a VPI nessa população. É crucial que os profissionais de saúde identifiquem e implementem medidas interdisciplinares para prevenir e combater esse problema. Por isso, esse estudo teve como objetivo descrever e analisar a percepção de trabalhadores da Rede de Proteção à criança e ao adolescente em situação de risco para violência de Curitiba diante do fenômeno violência entre parceiros íntimos adolescentes. Estudo de abordagem qualitativa sob o referencial teórico da Teoria da Intervenção Práxica da Enfermagem em Saúde Coletiva. Os dados foram coletados em 2022 via entrevistas semiestruturadas, submetidos à análise de conteúdo com apoio do software WebQDA. As categorias analíticas foram gênero e geração. Participaram cinco trabalhadores da Rede de Proteção e emergiram duas categorias: a VPI como um fenômeno comum na adolescência e no território, e a atuação em rede diante da VPI adolescente e as limitações durante a pandemia de COVID-19. As concepções negativas sobre a VPI na adolescência, baseadas em estereótipos de gênero e geração, frequentemente subjugam as meninas. A abordagem fragmentada nos serviços de saúde pesquisados não reconhece a VPI como uma questão de saúde, e a assistência aos adolescentes, já deficiente, piorou durante a pandemia. Apesar disso, a Rede de Proteção é vista como uma esperança para enfrentar a VPI adolescente, sendo uma ferramenta promissora, porém ainda precisa ser mais integrada aos serviços de saúde.
Intimate Partner Violence (IPV) involves violent behavior between formal and occasional partners. Although Curitiba has a Child and Adolescent Protection Network, there are no specific actions to address IPV in this population. It is crucial that healthcare professionals identify and implement interdisciplinary measures to prevent and combat this problem. Therefore, this study aimed to describe and analyze the perception of workers from the Network for the Protection of Children and Adolescents at Risk for Violence in Curitiba regarding the phenomenon of violence between adolescent intimate partners. This is a qualitative study based on the theoretical framework of the Theory of Praxis Intervention in Public Health Nursing. Data were collected in 2022 via semi-structured interviews, subjected to content analysis with the support of WebQDA software. The analytical categories were gender and generation. Five workers from the Protection Network participated and two categories emerged: IPV as a common phenomenon in adolescence and in the territory, and network action in the face of adolescent IPV and limitations during the Covid-19 pandemic. Negative conceptions about adolescent IPV, based on gender and generational stereotypes, often subjugate girls. The fragmented approach in the health services surveyed does not recognize IPV as a health issue, and assistance to adolescents, already deficient, worsened during the pandemic. Despite this, the Protection Network is seen as a hope to combat adolescent IPV, being a promising tool, but it still needs to be more integrated into health services.
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Resumen La danza es una actividad físico-deportiva y artística idónea para el desarrollo integral del alumnado y puede considerarse como promotora de inclusión. Por ello, el objetivo de este estudio fue realizar una revisión narrativa relacionada con los beneficios que aporta la danza en el alumnado con Síndrome de Down (SD) en la etapa de educación infantil. Para realizar la búsqueda de los documentos, se emplearon las palabras clave: "Child Education", "Dance" y "Down Syndrome". Los manuscritos fueron buscados en las bases de datos Web of Science, Scopus, SPORTDiscus y PubMed, hasta enero de 2023. Para ajustar la búsqueda al objeto de estudio, se estableció una serie de criterios de inclusión: i) cualquier tipo de documento científico relacionado con la temática; ii) manuscritos que indiquen, en el cuerpo del texto, al menos una descripción de los alumnos con SD de una longitud mínima de 50 palabras; iii) documentos realizados en inglés, español y/o portugués; y, iv) manuscritos que permitan obtener el texto completo; se obtuvo un total de 9 documentos. Los resultados mostraron una escasez de documentos en relación con el ámbito de estudio, como consecuencia de ser una temática muy específica. Asimismo, los manuscritos incluidos en esta revisión reportan que los beneficios que podrían obtenerse de la danza para el alumnado con SD están relacionados con la conciencia y el control postural, la mejora de aspectos sociales y mejoras a nivel cognitivo y emocional, así como el disfrute. Por ello, se recomienda ampliar el número de investigaciones futuras relacionadas con la danza en el sistema educativo y, concretamente, en la etapa de educación infantil, debido a los múltiples beneficios que aporta al alumnado con discapacidad.
Abstract Dance is a physical/sports and artistic activity appropriate to the comprehensive development of students, and can be considered as a means to promote inclusion. Thus, the objective of this study was to carry out a narrative review related to the benefits of dance in students with Down Syndrome (DS) in the child education stage. In order to carry out the search of documents, the keywords "Child Education", "Dance", and "Down Syndrome" were used. Manuscripts were searched in the Web of Science, Scopus, SPORTDiscus and PubMed data bases, up to January, 2023. In order to adjust the search of the object of study, a series of inclusion criteria was established: i) any type of scientific document relating to the topic; ii) manuscripts indicating, within the text body, at least one description of the students with DS that is at least 50 words in length; iii) documents written in English, Spanish and/or Portuguese; and iv) manuscripts that allow to obtain the full text. A total 9 documents were obtained. The results showed a scarcity of documents concerning the domain of study, as a result of this being a very specific topic. Similarly, the manuscripts included in this review report that the benefits that could derive from dance for students with DS have to do with posture awareness and control, the improvement of social aspects and improvements of a cognitive and emotional nature, as well as enjoyment. Therefore, it is recommended to expand the number of future research projects related to dance in the educational system, and concretely in the child education stage, due to the multiple benefits this brings to students with disabilities.
Resumo A dança é uma atividade físico-esportiva e artística idônea para o desenvolvimento integral dos alunos e pode ser considerada como promotora de inclusão. Portanto, este estudo teve como objetivo realizar uma revisão narrativa relacionada aos benefícios que a dança proporciona aos alunos com Síndrome de Down (SD) na etapa da educação infantil. Para busca dos documentos foram utilizadas as palavras-chave: "Child Education", "Dance" e "Down Syndrome". Os manuscritos foram pesquisados nas bases de dados Web of Science, Scopus, SPORTDiscus e PubMed, até janeiro de 2023. Para adequar a busca ao objeto de estudo, foi estabelecida uma série de critérios de inclusão: i) qualquer tipo de documento científico relacionado ao tema; ii) manuscritos que indiquem, no corpo do texto, pelo menos uma descrição de alunos com SD com extensão mínima de 50 palavras; iii) documentos elaborados em inglês, espanhol e/ou português; e, iv) manuscritos que permitam a obtenção do texto completo; foram obtidos um total de 9 documentos. Os resultados mostraram escassez de documentos em relação à área de estudo, por se tratar de um tema muito específico. Da mesma forma, os manuscritos incluídos nesta revisão mostram que os benefícios que poderiam ser obtidos com a dança para alunos com SD estão relacionados à consciência e ao controle postural, à melhoria dos aspectos sociais e às melhorias no âmbito cognitivo e emocional, bem como ao prazer. Portanto, recomenda-se ampliar o número de pesquisas futuras relacionadas à dança no sistema educacional e, especificamente, na etapa da educação infantil, pelos múltiplos benefícios que traz aos alunos com deficiência.
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Humanos , Masculino , Femenino , Síndrome de Down/terapia , Danzaterapia/métodos , Baile/educación , Escuelas de Párvulos , Desarrollo InfantilRESUMEN
This study aimed to identify the dietary patterns (DPs) of adolescents and assess indicators of subclinical inflammation. It was a cross-sectional study aligned with the RPS cohort with data from São Luís, Maranhão, Brazil. We evaluated 511 adolescents between 18-19 years old. DPs were identified with a factor analysis of the principal components. Nutritional status was assessed with body mass index and body fat percentages. Hierarchical modeling was performed using a linear regression to estimate the beta coefficient (ß) of the independent variables with the dependent variables interleukin-6 and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP). Five DPs were identified: energy-dense, sugar-sweetened beverages and breakfast cereals, prudent, traditional Brazilian and alcoholic and energy beverages. Greater adherence to the prudent DP was associated with a lower concentration of interleukin-6 (ß = -0.11; p value = 0.040). Greater adherence to the DP "traditional Brazilian" and "alcoholic and energy beverages" were associated with increased IL-6, mediated by the nutritional status. A higher BMI (ß = 0.36; p value = <0.001) and %BF (ß = 0.02; p value = 0.014) were associated with higher hs-CRP concentrations. The nutritional status and "prudent" pattern were associated with inflammatory biomarkers. These findings show that a higher consumption of fresh and minimally processed foods and the adequacy of the nutritional status are protective factors for the inflammatory process.
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Dieta , Estado Nutricional , Humanos , Adolescente , Adulto Joven , Adulto , Cohorte de Nacimiento , Proteína C-Reactiva , Estudios Transversales , Interleucina-6 , Biomarcadores , Conducta AlimentariaRESUMEN
Introducción: La inactividad física y el sedentarismo representan un problema de salud pública, pues están asociados a enfermedades crónicas no transmisibles y aumento de la mortalidad, por lo que identificarlos y tratarlos es de prioridad en la adolescencia, ya que es un período vital para mantener la salud durante toda su vida. Objetivo: Determinar el nivel de actividad física y sedentarismo en adolescentes del Perú. Método: Se realizó un estudio cuantitativo, observacional, retrospectivo de corte longitudinal y de análisis secundario de datos. La población estuvo conformada por 750 fichas de adolescentes que figuran en la base de datos de la cohorte mayor de Niños del Milenio de Perú durante 3 rondas (3, 4 y 5) realizadas en los años 2009, 2013 y 2016, cuando los participantes tenían 15, 19 y 22 años. La técnica fue la revisión documental y el instrumento una ficha de recolección de datos previamente validada y confiable, donde se incluyeron ítems que evaluaron el nivel de actividad física según los criterios utilizados por el Cuestionario Internacional de Actividad Física y el sedentarismo según la Asociación Americana de Pediatría. Resultados: El nivel bajo de actividad física se presentó en el 73,0 % en la ronda 3, 84,6 % en la 4 y 83,8 % en la 5, con mayor predominancia en las mujeres. El sedentarismo se presentó en 93,5 %, 73,5 % y 83,6 % en las rondas 3, 4 y 5, respectivamente. Conclusión: Existe bajo nivel de actividad física y alta presencia de sedentarismo en adolescentes del Perú, lo que aumenta el riesgo de presentar enfermedades crónicas no transmisibles en ese grupo etario.
Introduction: Physical inactivity and sedentary lifestyle represent a public health problem, as they are associated with chronic non-communicable diseases and increased mortality, so identifying and treating them is a priority in adolescence, since it is a vital period to maintain health throughout life. Objective: To determine the level of physical activity and sedentary lifestyle in adolescents in Peru. Methods: A quantitative, observational, retrospective, longitudinal study and secondary data analysis was carried out. The population was made up of 750 records of adolescents that appear in the database of the largest cohort of Peru Children of the Millennium (Niños del Milenio de Perú) during 3 rounds (3, 4 and 5) carried out in 2009, 2013 and 2016, when the participants were 15, 19 and 22 years old. The technique was a documentary review and the instrument was a previously validated and reliable data collection sheet, which included items that evaluated the level of physical activity according to the criteria used by the International Physical Activity Questionnaire and sedentary lifestyle according to the American Association of Pediatrics. Results: The low level of physical activity occurred in 73.0% in round 3, 84.6% in round 4 and 83.8% in round 5, with a higher predominance in women. Sedentary lifestyle occurred in 93.5%, 73.5% and 83.6% in rounds 3, 4 and 5, respectively. Conclusion: There is low level of physical activity and high presence of sedentary lifestyle in adolescents in Peru, which increases the risk of presenting chronic non-communicable diseases in that age group.
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Introducción: El hierro de administración intravenosa (iv) está indicado en los casos en que el tratamiento oral no es posible. El objetivo de este trabajo fue describir el perfil de uso, respuesta terapéutica y seguridad de la administración de hierro iv en el tratamiento de la anemia ferropénica en niños, niñas y adolescentes (NNA) asistidos en un centro de referencia de Uruguay entre 2018 y 2023. Método: Estudio retrospectivo mediante revisión de historias. Incluyó todos los NNA que recibieron hierro iv. Se registraron variables sociodemográficas, comorbilidades, clínica y severidad de la anemia. Se evaluó: motivos de la indicación y tipo de hierro iv, dosis, tiempo de infusión, respuesta terapéutica y efectos adversos. Resultados: Se incluyeron 35 pacientes, mediana de edad 4 años; 51,4% de sexo masculino, con comorbilidades 37,1%. Todos los menores de 3 años presentaban factores de riesgo para anemia ferropénica, la falta de adherencia al hierro oral se asoció con mayor severidad de la anemia (p<0,05). El motivo principal de indicación de hierro iv fue la severidad de la anemia e inadecuada respuesta al hierro oral concomitante en 37,1%. Todos recibieron hierro sacarato; mediana de dosis: 2 mg/kg y de tiempo de infusión: 1 hora. Se registró un caso de edema y exantema de cara vinculado a la rápida infusión. La evolución fue satisfactoria. Conclusiones: La administración de hierro iv fue segura. Es necesario establecer consensos respecto a la posología y monitorización. Se requieren nuevos estudios para continuar evaluando la eficacia y seguridad del hierro iv en sus diversas formulaciones.
Introduction: Intravenous (IV) iron administration it is indicated in cases where oral treatment is impossible. The objective of this work was to describe the profile of use, therapeutic response, and safety of the iron IV administration in treating anemia in children and adolescents (NNA) assisted in a reference center in Uruguay between 2018 and 2023. Method: Retrospective study through review of histories. It included all children and adolescents who received IV iron. Sociodemographic variables, comorbidities, clinical symptoms, and severity of anemia they were recorded. They were evaluated: reasons for the indication and type of IV iron, dose, infusion time, therapeutic response, and adverse effects. Results: we included 35 patients, with a median age of four years; 51.4% were male, and 37.1% had comorbidities. All children under three years of age had risk factors for iron deficiency anemia; greater severity of anemia was associated with lack of adherence to oral iron (p<0.05). The main reason for the indication of IV iron was the severity of anemia and inadequate response to concomitant oral iron at 37.1%. All received iron saccharate; median dose: 2 mg/kg and infusion time: 1 hour. A case of facial edema and rash linked to rapid infusion was recorded. The evolution was satisfactory. Conclusions: The administration of IV iron was safe. It is necessary to establish a consensus regarding dosage and monitoring. New studies are required to continue evaluating the efficacy and safety of IV iron in its various formulations.
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La mortalidad y formas graves atribuibles al COVID-19 en población pediátrica han sido bajas en comparación con los adultos. No obstante, los niños, niñas y adolescentes (NNA) constituyen un universo especialmente afectado por la pandemia, en cuanto a restricción y limitación de sus derechos. La Subcomisión de Derechos de la Niñez y Adolescencia y el Comité de Pediatría Social de la Sociedad Argentina de Pediatría entendieron trascendente recolectar sus voces para relevar el impacto que la transición de la situación de pandemia por COVID-19 a la actual "nueva normalidad" ha producido en los sentimientos, emociones y deseos de los NNA en Argentina. Realizamos un estudio cualitativo, descriptivo, basado en encuesta anónima, entre NNA argentinos de 6 a 18 años residentes en Argentina. El análisis incluyó 1537 entrevistas efectivas. Los resultados permitieron sugerir recomendaciones para desarrollar estrategias de afrontamiento, contención y acompañamiento de los NNA en la pospandemia.
The frequency of the severity of the different expressions of SARS-COV-2 disease, and its mortality in the pediatric population have been low unlike in the adult population. However, children and adolescents have been very affected by this virus, through the restriction and limitations of their rights. The Subcommittee on the Rights of the Childhood and Adolescence and the Committee of Social Pediatrics of the Sociedad Argentina de Pediatría understood that it was very important to gather their voices to weigh the impact of the transition from COVID pandemic to this "new normalcy" and the effects on argentine children and adolescents' rights, emotions and desires, especially those related to accessibility to education and health. We carried on a qualitative descriptive narrative transversal phenomenological research, through an open anonymous survey, among children and adolescents between 6 and 18 years old, living in Argentina; 1537 surveys were collected. The research findings allowed elaborate recommendations to develop strategies to face, protect and accompany the children and adolescents during the post-pandemic.
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Humanos , Niño , Adolescente , Adaptación Psicológica , Defensa del Niño , Argentina , Encuestas y Cuestionarios , Investigación CualitativaRESUMEN
(analítico) El desplazamiento forzado en Colombia ha sido una realidad compleja que ha generado la vulneración sistemática de los derechos de niños, niñas y adolescentes. Este estudio, enmarcado en el paradigma cualitativo, analizó el currículo vivenciado a partir de las narrativas construidas con 14 estudiantes desplazadas por el conflicto armado, pertenecientes a una institución educativa de Medellín (Colombia). Los métodos de recolección empleados fueron entrevistas semi-estructuradas, diarios personales y fotografías. Se presentan las inter-secciones que se establecen con la escuela, entendida como escenario de y para la construcción de paz, concluyendo en la pertinencia de las propuestas educativas flexibles. Este análisis, hilado desde una perspectiva de género, visibiliza otros modos de existir en la escuela, contribuyendo a la resignificación del currículo para la permanencia de las estudiantes que fueron desplazadas.
(analytical) Forced displacement in Colombia has been a complex reality that has led to the systematic violation of the rights of children and adolescents. This is a qualitative study that analyzed the curriculum in school in Medellin (Colombia) through the narratives constructed with 14 female students displaced by the armed conflict. Semi-structured interviews, personal diaries and photographs were used to gather data. The intersections established with the school as a scenario of and for peace building are presented and the relevance of flexible educational proposals is highlighted. This analysis, carried out using a gender perspective, highlights other modes of existence in the school and also contributes to the re-definition of the school curriculum as a determinant in the permanence of displaced students.
(analítico) A deslocação forçada na Colômbia tem sido uma realidade complexa que tem conduzido à violação sistemática dos direitos das crianças e dos adolescentes. Este estudo, estruturado no paradigma qualitativo, analisou o currículo vivido a partir das narrativas construídas com 14 estudantes desloca-das pelo conflito armado, pertencentes a uma instituição educacional em Medellín (Colômbia). Os métodos de coleta utilizados foram entrevistas semi-estruturadas, diários pessoais e fotografias. São expostas às interseções estabelecidas com a escola, entendidas como um cenário de e para a cons-trução da paz, concluindo sobre a relevância de propostas educacionais flexíveis. Esta análise, fiada a partir de uma perspectiva de gênero, torna visíveis outras formas de existir na escola, contribuindo para a re-significação do currículo para a permanência das alunas que foram deslocadas.
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Adolescente , Migración Humana , NiñoRESUMEN
Circadian rhythms are entrained by external factors such as sunlight and social cues, but also depend on internal factors such as age. Adolescents exhibit late chronotypes, but worldwide school starts early in the morning leading to unhealthy sleep habits. Several studies reported that adolescents benefit from later school start times. However, the effect of later school start time on different outcomes varies between studies, and most previous literature only takes into consideration the social clock (i.e. local time of school starting time) but not the solar clock (e.g. the distance between school start time and sunrise). Thus, there is an important gap in the literature: when assessing the effect of a school start time on chronotype and sleep of adolescents at different locations and/or seasons, the solar clock might differ and, consistently, the obtained results. For example, the earliest school start time for adolescents has been suggested to be 08:30 hours, but this school start time might correspond to different solar times at different times of the year, longitudes and latitudes. Here, we describe the available literature comparing different school start times, considering important factors such as geographic position, nationality, and the local school start time and its distance to sunrise. Then, we described and contrasted the relative role of both social and solar clocks on the chronotype and sleep of adolescents. As a whole, we point and discuss a gap in literature, suggesting that both clocks are relevant when addressing the effect of school start time on adolescents' chronotype and sleep.
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Objetivo: indagar sobre la relación entre la apropiación y uso de las redes sociales virtuales y la construcción del sí mismo en adolescentes escolares. Metodología: estudio de corte cualitativo guiado por los lineamientos de la teoría fundamentada y el enfoque del interaccionismo simbólico. Se realizó en los años 2016 y 2017 con 19 escolares del grado décimo de un municipio del oriente cercano a Medellín, Colombia. La recolección de los datos se hizo mediante entrevistas semiestructuradas y grupos focales. Resultados: la construcción de identidad en estos adolescentes se da en las interacciones con sus familias, amigos y grupos de interés, y está mediada por las redes sociales virtuales. Estas redes sociales satisfacen sus necesidades de información, conocimiento, comunicación y entretenimiento, y reflexionan acerca de las oportunidades y amenazas que conlleva su uso. Conclusiones: los adolescentes tienen una actitud activa frente a la vida y la apropiación y uso de las redes sociales virtuales para las interacciones con los otros y la búsqueda de información que satisfaga sus intereses les abre a los adolescentes una ventana al mundo.
Objective: To inquire about the relationship between the appropriation and use of virtual social networks and the construction of self in school teenagers. Materials and methods: Qualitative study led by the guidelines of the grounded theory and the approach of symbolic interactionism. The study was carried out in the years 2016-2017 with 19 tenth grade students of a municipality in the east near Medellin, Colombia. Data collection was carried out through semi-structured interviews and focus groups. Results: The construction of identity in these adolescents occurs in interactions with their families, friends and interest groups, and mediated by virtual social networks. These social networks satisfy their information, knowledge, communication and entertainment needs, and reflect on the opportunities and threats associated with their use. Conclusion: Teenagers have an active attitude towards life and the appropriation and use of virtual social networks for interactions with others and, the search for information that satisfies their interests, opens a window to the world for them.
Objetivo: indagar sobre a relação entre a apropriação e uso das redes sociais virtuais e a construção do si mesmo em adolescentes escolares. Metodologia: estudo de corte qualitativo guiado pelos lineamentos da teoria fundamentada e o enfoque do interacionismo simbólico. Realizou-se nos anos 2016 e 2017 com 19 estudantes do ensino médio dum município do oriente perto a Medellín, Colômbia. A coleta dos dados se fez mediante entrevistas semiestruturadas e grupos focais. Resultados: a construção de identidade nestes adolescentes se dá nas interações com suas famílias, amigos e grupos de interesse, e está mediada pelas redes sociais virtuais. Estas redes socias satisfazem suas necessidades de informação, conhecimento, comunicação e entretenimento, e reflexionam acerca das oportunidades e ameaças que envolve seu uso. Conclusões: os adolescentes tem uma atitude ativa frente à vida e a apropriação e uso das redes sociais virtuais para as interações com os outros e a busca de informação que satisfaça seus interesses lhes abre aos adolescentes uma janela ao mundo.
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La agresividad se ha reconocido como prevalente en la población adolescente, debido a su carácter impulsivo y de inestabilidad emocional, que también caracteriza a la adolescencia. Ello lleva a la necesidad de conocer la frecuencia y la relación de los factores de riesgo de la agresividad en población adolescente, explorando sus diferencias según sexo. Así, esta investigación de enfoque cuantitativo, diseño no experimental, transversal de alcance correlacional, estudió la presencia y las relaciones entre la agresividad y sus factores de riesgo en 212 mujeres y 188 hombres adolescentes, entre 12 y 17 años de edad. Para lo cual, se aplicó una ficha de valoración de factores de riesgo y el cuestionario de agresividad premeditada e impulsiva (CAPI-A). Los hallazgos muestran mayor prevalencia de agresividad impulsiva, y la presencia de más relaciones con factores de riesgo en mujeres respecto a los hombres. Los factores de riesgos relevantes en las mujeres son las actitudes hacia la norma, la percepción sobre la agresividad y los sentimientos; en los hombres, las conductas de riesgo y los sentimientos. Esto resulta de utilidad para la comprensión de la agresividad como pauta comportamental, y el diseño de intervenciones preventivas de la agresividad y sus consecuencias.
The aggressiveness has been recognized as prevalent in teenage population due to their impulsive character, with that emotional instability which characterizes adolescence. This conducts to the need of knowing the frequency and the relationship of risk factors of aggressiveness in teenage population, exploring their differences according to sex. Thus, this research of quantitative approach, non-experimental design, cross-sectional of correlational scope, studied the presence and the relations between aggressiveness and its risk factors in 212 teenage women and 188 teenage men between 12 and 17 years of age. For this, a record card of risk factor evaluation was implemented along with the questionnaire of premediated / impulsive aggressiveness (CAPI-A in Spanish). The findings show a higher prevalence of impulsive aggressiveness and the presence of more relations to risk factors in women than in men. The relevant risk factors in women are the attitudes towards norms, the perception about aggressiveness and the feelings; in men, risk conducts and feelings are the ones to mention. These results useful for the comprehension of aggressiveness as a behavioral pattern, and the design of preventive interventions towards aggressiveness and their consequences.
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O estudo investiga os aspectos epidemiológicos da hepatite B em crianças e adolescentes, discutindo os resultados encontrados à luz dos princípios da bioética. Trata-se de um estudo transversal, retrospectivo, com base em uma série temporal de casos, cujos dados de notificação foram extraídos do Sistema de Informação de Agravos de Notificação (SINAN) e dados de vacinação do Sistema de Informação do Programa Nacional de Imunizações - SIPNI, no período de 2011 a 2020. Foram notificados 889 casos de hepatite B na população de estudo. A maioria dos participantes encontravam-se na faixa etária de 15 a 19 anos 738 (83%), do sexo feminino 549 (62%), cor da pele parda 637 (72%) residentes na zona urbana 490 (55%) e com ensino fundamental incompleto 279 (31%). A provável fonte de infecção foi por via sexual 450 (51%). A forma clínica mais comum foi a Hepatite Crônica 496 (56%). A maioria dos contaminados com Hepatite B foram indivíduos não vacinados 298 (34%). A luz da bioética os resultados demostram que a prática da vacinação pode contemplar os princípios bioéticos, já que o grau de autonomia depende de um tipo de intervenção planejada e quanto maior a relação entre benefício e ônus, tendo em conta os princípios de beneficência e não maleficência, menos decisiva é essa autonomia.
El estudio investiga los aspectos epidemiológicos de la hepatitis B en niños y adolescentes, discutiendo los resultados encontrados a la luz de los principios bioéticos. Se trata de un estudio transversal, retrospectivo, basado en una serie temporal de casos, cuyos datos de notificación fueron extraídos del Sistema de Información de Enfermedades de Declaración Obligatoria (SINAN) y datos de vacunación del Sistema de Información del Programa Nacional de Inmunizaciones SIPNI, desde 2011 hasta 2020. Se informaron 889 casos de hepatitis B en la población de estudio. La mayoría de los participantes tenían entre 15 y 19 años 738 (83 %), sexo femenino 549 (62 %), color de piel morena 637 (72 %), residentes en zona urbana 490 (55 ) y con educación primaria incompleta 279 (31 %). La fuente probable de infección fue a través de relaciones sexuales 450 (51%). La forma clínica más frecuente fue la Hepatitis Crónica 496 (56%). La mayoría de los infectados con Hepatitis B eran individuos no vacunados 298 (34%). A la luz de la bioética, los resultados muestran que la práctica de la vacunación puede contemplar principios bioéticos, ya que el grado de autonomía depende de un tipo de intervención planificada y mayor la relación entre beneficio y carga, teniendo en cuenta los principios de beneficencia y no maleficencia, menos decisiva es esta autonomía.
The study investigates the epidemiological aspects of hepatitis B in children and adolescents, discussing the results found in the light of bioethical principles. This is a cross-sectional, retrospective study, based on a time series of cases, whose notification data were extracted from the Notifiable Diseases Information System (SINAN) and vaccination data from the National Immunization Program Information System SIPNI, from 2011 to 2020. 889 cases of hepatitis B were reported in the study population. Most participants were aged between 15 and 19 years old 738 (83%), female 549 (62%), brown skin color 637 (72%) living in the urban area 490 (55%) and with incomplete elementary education 279 (31%). The probable source of infection was through sexual intercourse 450 (51%). The most common clinical form was Chronic Hepatitis 496 (56%). Most of those infected with Hepatitis B were unvaccinated individuals 298 (34%). In the light of bioethics, the results show that the practice of vaccination can contemplate bioethical principles, since the degree of autonomy depends on a type of planned intervention and the greater the relationship between benefit and burden, taking into account the principles of beneficence and not maleficence, the less decisive is this autonomy.