RESUMEN

A demodicose felina é considerada uma dermatopatia rara e pode ser causada pelos ácaros Demodex cati, Demodex gatoi e uma terceira espécie ainda não nomeada. Foi atendido um felino adulto apresentando prurido intenso há 9 meses e histórico de tratamento com cefalexina e prednisolona, com piora progressiva. Ao exame físico, havia alopecia, hiperqueratose, escoriações e eritema em cabeça, pescoço, região lombossacra, cauda e membros pélvicos, além da presença de pulgas. Para puliciose, foram prescritos selamectina spot on a cada 30 dias e uso de amitraz no ambiente a cada sete dias e, para controle da infecção secundária pelas escoriações, foram recomendados banhos semanais com clorexidine. Realizaram-se raspado de pele profundo e arrancamento de pelos para tricograma e exame parasitológico de pele, respectivamente, com diagnósticos de demodicose por Demodex cati, e dermatite micótica associada a infecção bacteriana secundária. O tratamento foi modificado para uso de selamectina a cada 2 semanas, mas tutor não retornou e informou, após vários meses, ter feito terapia com selamectina apenas a cada 30 dias e descontinuidade dos banhos. Não foi possível associar a demodicose, para este felino, a outras comorbidades e acredita-se que a apresentação generalizada da doença tenha se dado pelo prurido causado pela puliciose.

Feline demodicosis is considered a rare dermatopathy and can be caused by Demodex cati, Demodex gatoi and a third species not yet named. An adult male feline was attended with severe pruritus for 9 months and a history of treatment with cephalexin and prednisolone, with progressive worsening. On physical examination, there was alopecia, hyperkeratosis, abrasions and erythema on the head, neck, lumbosacral region, tail and pelvic limbs, in addition to the presence of fleas. For pulicosis, selamectin spot on was prescribed every 30 days and use of amitraz in the environment every seven days. In order to control secondary infection, weekly baths with chlorhexidine were recommended. Deep skin scraping and hair plucking were performed for trichogram and parasitological skin examination, respectively, with diagnoses of demodicosis by Demodex cati, and mycotic dermatitis associated with secondary bacterial infection. The treatment was modified to use selamectin every 2 weeks, but the tutor did not return and reported, after several months, that he had done therapy with selamectin only every 30 days and discontinued baths. For this feline, it was not possible to associate demodicosis with other comorbidities. It is believed that the generalized presentation of the disease occurred due to the pruritus caused by pulicosis.

Asunto(s)

RESUMEN

Feline demodicosis is considered a rare dermatopathy and can be caused by Demodex cati, Demodex gatoi and a third species not yet named. An adult male feline was attended with severe pruritus for 9 months and a history of treatment with cephalexin and prednisolone, with progressive worsening. On physical examination, there was alopecia, hyperkeratosis, abrasions and erythema on the head, neck, lumbosacral region, tail and pelvic limbs, in addition to the presence of fleas. For pulicosis, selamectin spot on was prescribed every 30 days and use of amitraz in the environment every seven days. In order to control secondary infection, weekly baths with chlorhexidine were recommended. Deep skin scraping and hair plucking were performed for trichogram and parasitological skin examination, respectively, with diagnoses of demodicosis by Demodex cati, and mycotic dermatitis associated with secondary bacterial infection. The treatment was modified to use selamectin every 2 weeks, but the tutor did not return and reported, after several months, that he had done therapy with selamectin only every 30 days and discontinued baths. For this feline, it was not possible to associate demodicosis with other comorbidities. It is believed that the generalized presentation of the disease occurred due to the pruritus caused by pulicosis.

A demodicose felina é considerada uma dermatopatia rara e pode ser causada pelos ácaros Demodex cati,Demodex gatoi e uma terceira espécie ainda não nomeada. Foi atendido um felino adulto apresentando prurido intenso há 9 meses e histórico de tratamento com cefalexina e prednisolona, com piora progressiva. Ao exame físico, havia alopecia, hiperqueratose, escoriações e eritema em cabeça, pescoço, região lombossacra, cauda e membros pélvicos, além da presença de pulgas. Para puliciose, foram prescritos selamectina spot on a cada 30 dias e uso de amitraz no ambiente a cada sete dias e, para controle da infecção secundária pelas escoriações, foram recomendados banhos semanais com clorexidine. Realizaram-se raspado de pele profundo e arrancamento de pelos para tricograma e exame parasitológico de pele, respectivamente, com diagnósticos de demodicose por Demodex cati, e dermatite micótica associada a infecção bacteriana secundária. O tratamento foi modificado para uso de selamectina a cada 2 semanas, mas tutor não retornou e informou, após vários meses, ter feito terapia com selamectina apenas a cada 30 dias e descontinuidade dos banhos. Não foi possível associar a demodicose, para este felino, a outras comorbidades e acredita-se que a apresentação generalizada da doença tenha se dado pelo prurido causado pela puliciose.

Asunto(s)

RESUMEN

A demodicose felina é considerada uma dermatopatia rara e pode ser causada pelos ácaros Demodex cati, Demodex gatoi e uma terceira espécie ainda não nomeada. Foi atendido um felino adulto apresentando prurido intenso há 9 meses e histórico de tratamento com cefalexina e prednisolona, com piora progressiva. Ao exame físico, havia alopecia, hiperqueratose, escoriações e eritema em cabeça, pescoço, região lombossacra, cauda e membros pélvicos, além da presença de pulgas. Para puliciose, foram prescritos selamectina spot on a cada 30 dias e uso de amitraz no ambiente a cada sete dias e, para controle da infecção secundária pelas escoriações, foram recomendados banhos semanais com clorexidine. Realizaram-se raspado de pele profundo e arrancamento de pelos para tricograma e exame parasitológico de pele, respectivamente, com diagnósticos de demodicose por Demodex cati, e dermatite micótica associada a infecção bacteriana secundária. O tratamento foi modificado para uso de selamectina a cada 2 semanas, mas tutor não retornou e informou, após vários meses, ter feito terapia com selamectina apenas a cada 30 dias e descontinuidade dos banhos. Não foi possível associar a demodicose, para este felino, a outras comorbidades e acredita-se que a apresentação generalizada da doença tenha se dado pelo prurido causado pela puliciose.(AU)

Feline demodicosis is considered a rare dermatopathy and can be caused by Demodex cati, Demodex gatoi and a third species not yet named. An adult male feline was attended with severe pruritus for 9 months and a history of treatment with cephalexin and prednisolone, with progressive worsening. On physical examination, there was alopecia, hyperkeratosis, abrasions and erythema on the head, neck, lumbosacral region, tail and pelvic limbs, in addition to the presence of fleas. For pulicosis, selamectin spot on was prescribed every 30 days and use of amitraz in the environment every seven days. In order to control secondary infection, weekly baths with chlorhexidine were recommended. Deep skin scraping and hair plucking were performed for trichogram and parasitological skin examination, respectively, with diagnoses of demodicosis by Demodex cati, and mycotic dermatitis associated with secondary bacterial infection. The treatment was modified to use selamectin every 2 weeks, but the tutor did not return and reported, after several months, that he had done therapy with selamectin only every 30 days and discontinued baths. For this feline, it was not possible to associate demodicosis with other comorbidities. It is believed that the generalized presentation of the disease occurred due to the pruritus caused by pulicosis.(AU)

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RESUMEN

Mites are ectoparasites that commonly inhabit the skin and feathers of birds, although common, little is known about the mites and its treatment. This work aims to report the treatment of a Calopsite (Nhimphicus hollandicus) infested by Megninia spp., using selamectin and permethrin. Single dose selamectin 10mg / kg was directly applied on the back of the calopsite, repeating the dose after 15 days, a 0.25% permethrin based talc-containing drug was also prescribed to discharge into the environment in which the animal lived. It was concluded that the treatment against Megninia spp. infestation, using selamectin 10mg / kg and 0.25% permethrin, was effective, with total recovery of the animal.

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RESUMEN

Mites are ectoparasites that commonly inhabit the skin and feathers of birds, although common, little is known about the mites and its treatment. This work aims to report the treatment of a Calopsite (Nhimphicus hollandicus) infested by Megninia spp., using selamectin and permethrin. Single dose selamectin 10mg / kg was directly applied on the back of the calopsite, repeating the dose after 15 days, a 0.25% permethrin based talc-containing drug was also prescribed to discharge into the environment in which the animal lived. It was concluded that the treatment against Megninia spp. infestation, using selamectin 10mg / kg and 0.25% permethrin, was effective, with total recovery of the animal.(AU)

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BACKGROUND: Dog owners and veterinarians in small animal practices began to waive prevention of canine heartworm disease after heartworm infections seemed to have disappeared in Brazil. After 2013, infection rates rebounded, and an evaluation of the efficacy of chemoprophylactic drugs became necessary. Included in this re-evaluation was the efficacy of selamectin in client-owned dogs residing in a high infection-risk area. METHODS: The preventive efficacy of selamectin was evaluated by the topical application of selamectin to 24 client-owned dogs at the recommended rate (minimum of 6 mg/kg) by a veterinarian monthly for 36 months. Blood samples were collected before the first treatment and at the end of the study for testing to detect microfilariae by the modified Knott's test and Dirofilaria immitis antigens using a commercial antigen test. Exposure to risk of heartworm infection was confirmed by the presence of infection in dogs living in low-income communities within a 2 km radius from the homes of dogs in the study. The dogs were managed according to routine practice by the owners within each household throughout the study. RESULTS: All dogs tested negative by both tests after receiving topical treatment with selamectin monthly for 36 months. Testing of 204 dogs from the communities confirmed the presence of heartworm in the area by detection of microfilariae or D. immitis antigen in 44 dogs (21.6 %). CONCLUSIONS: Topical selamectin was 100 % effective for D. immitis prevention in 24 dogs that received monthly treatments by a veterinarian. Detection of heartworm infections in untreated dogs in the area suggests that clients need to be better informed regarding the prevalence of D. immitis and the importance of maintaining regular preventive treatments.

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The present study analyzed, by means of confocal laser scanning microscopy, the epidermis of rabbits infested by the brown dog tick Rhipicephalus sanguineus and exposed to concentrations of 50%, 80% and 100% of a selamectin-based commercial acaricide (Pfizer's Revolution(®)). The results demonstrated that rabbits exposed to concentrations of 80% and 100% of the Revolution acaricide, which contains 12% selamectin, showed thinning of epithelial tissue of the epidermis with associated cellular disorganization. Individuals exposed to a 50% concentration showed lower epidermal tissue disorganization when compared to those exposed to the higher doses of the acaricide (80% and 100%). Whereas selamectin, when used in higher concentrations (80% and 100% Revolution(®)) can alter the morphology of the epidermis, at lower concentrations (50%), even though still able to eliminate ectoparasites, it causes less toxicity damage to the host. Selamectin can be considered a dose-dependent toxic agent, since higher concentrations increase the morphological changes in the epidermis of the host rabbits.

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