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BACKGROUND: Orchids are grown without soil in many regions of the world, but there is a lack of studies to define the balanced and adequate nutrient solution for their cultivation, mainly in the vegetative growth phase. Therefore, this paper aims to evaluate the optimal concentration of the nutrient solution based on the proposal by Hoagland and Arnon (1950) in the vegetative growth phase capable of increasing the nutrient contents, growth, and dry matter production of Dendrobium Tubtim Siam and Phalaenopsis Taisuco Swan. In addition, this paper aims to estimate a new nutrient solution from the optimal nutrient contents in the dry matter of these orchid species to be used in the vegetative growth phase. RESULTS: Nutrient contents, growth, and dry matter production increased as the nutrient solution concentration increased up to an average concentration of 62 and 77% for D. Tubtim Siam and P. Taisuco Swan, respectively. We found that the Hoagland and Arnon solution presented a group of nutrients with concentrations above the requirement for P. Taisuco Swan (nitrogen, phosphor, calcium, and sulfur) and D. Tubtim Siam (phosphor, calcium, magnesium, and sulfur), while other nutrients in the solution did not meet the nutritional demand of these orchid species, inducing nutritional imbalance in the vegetative growth phase. CONCLUSION: We conclude that using a balanced nutrient solution created specifically for each orchid species in vegetative growth might favor their sustainable cultivation by optimizing the use of nutrients in the growing medium.
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Anseriformes , Dendrobium , Animales , Calcio , Tailandia , Nutrientes , AzufreRESUMEN
The pulmonary artery catheter (PAC) measures hemodynamic parameters in real time, providing valuable data for the management of the critical patient. Nevertheless, its use is associated with several complications. Knot formation is a rare complication related to PAC insertion. A 51-year-old patient with complicated ethanolic liver cirrhosis underwent orthotopic liver transplantation. Invasive hemodynamic monitoring was performed using a Swan-Ganz pulmonary artery catheter (PAC) inserted through the right internal jugular vein. Chest X-ray in the immediate postoperative period showed the presence of a possible knot adjacent to the tip of the sheath in the internal jugular vein. The patient was then referred to the hemodynamics room, where, through fluoroscopy, a true knot was successfully removed after femoral vein dissection. The medical team should weigh the risk and benefit of using the PAC, taking into account the patient's clinical conditions, the benefits, and possible complications of the procedure.
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Resumen: Introducción: la termodilución se considera el estándar de referencia para la medición del gasto cardiaco. Durante las últimas décadas la aparición de otros métodos menos invasivos ha resultado útil para determinar el gasto cardiaco. El objetivo del estudio es analizar la correlación entre el gasto cardiaco obtenido por ecocardiografía transtorácica mediante el método de continuidad y termodilución pulmonar por catéter de Swan-Ganz. Material y métodos: estudio prospectivo, descriptivo, transversal realizado en la Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos del Hospital General Las Américas. A los pacientes se les colocó catéter Swan-Ganz; se realizó medición de gasto cardiaco por ecocardiografía; posteriormente cuantificación de gasto cardiaco por termodilución pulmonar durante marzo de 2021 a agosto de 2022. Resultados: se compararon 58 mediciones de gasto cardiaco (GC) por Swan-Ganz con una mediana de 4.95 (rango 3.1-7.2), y GC por ecocardiografía con una mediana 4.93 (rango 3.2-7.0). La diferencia de medias para la medición de gasto cardiaco por Swan-Ganz fue de 5.20 (95% IC 4.56-5.84, p < 0.0001), comparado con gasto cardiaco por termodilución 5.19 (95% IC 4.56-5.81, p < 0.0001). Conclusiones: existe correlación significativa entre el gasto cardiaco medido por termodilución y ecocardiografía; se le considera una alternativa confiable para la determinación del gasto cardiaco.
Abstract: Introduction: thermodilution considered the reference standard for measuring cardiac output. During the last decades, the appearance of other less invasive methods has been useful to determine cardiac output. The aim of the study is to analyze the correlation between cardiac output obtained by transthoracic echocardiography by continuity method and pulmonary thermodilution by Swan-Ganz catheter. Material and methods: prospective, descriptive, cross-sectional study carried out in the Intensive Care Unit of the Hospital General Las Américas, the patients underwent a Swan-Ganz catheter; cardiac output was measured by echocardiography; subsequently, quantification of cardiac output by pulmonary thermodilution during March 2021 to August 2022. Results: fifty-eight measurements of cardiac output by Swan-Ganz with a median of 4.95 (range 3.1-7.2) and CO by echocardiography with a median of 4.93 (range 3.2-7.0) were compared. The difference in means for the measurement of cardiac output by Swan-Ganz was 5.20 (95% CI 4.56-5.84 p < 0.0001), compared to cardiac output by thermodilution 5.19 (95% CI 4.56-5.81 p < 0.0001). Conclusions: there is a significant correlation between cardiac output measured by thermodilution and echocardiography; being considered a reliable alternative for the determination of cardiac output.
Resumo: Introdução: a termodiluição é considerada o padrão de referência para a medida do débito cardíaco. Nas últimas décadas, o surgimento de outros métodos menos invasivos mostrou-se útil para a determinação do débito cardíaco. O objetivo do estudo é analisar a correlação entre o débito cardíaco obtido pela ecocardiografia transtorácica pelo método da continuidade e a termodiluição pulmonar pelo cateter de Swan-Ganz. Material e métodos: estudo prospectivo, descritivo, transversal, realizado na Unidade de Terapia Intensiva do Hospital Geral Las Américas, onde foi colocado cateter de Swan-Ganz; o débito cardíaco foi medido por ecocardiografia; posteriormente, quantificação do débito cardíaco por termodiluição pulmonar no período de março de 2021 a agosto de 2022. Resultados: foram comparadas 58 medidas do débito cardíaco por Swan-Ganz com uma mediana de 4.95 (intervalo 3.1-7.2), e GC por ecocardiografia com uma mediana de 4.93 (intervalo 3.2-7.0). A diferença média para medição do débito cardíaco por Swan-Ganz foi de 5.20 (IC 95% 4.56-5.84 p < 0.0001), em comparação com o débito cardíaco por termodiluição 5.19 (95% CI 4.56-5.81 p < 0.0001). Conclusões: existe uma correlação significativa entre o débito cardíaco medido por termodiluição e ecocardiografia; considerando-o uma alternativa confiável para a determinação do débito cardíaco.
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High-performance-validated tests are essential for successful epidemiological monitoring, surveillance of parasitic infections, and comparative studies in wildlife populations. The Mini-FLOTAC is a novel flotation-based technique for the sensitive detection and quantification of gastrointestinal parasites that is recently being explored for use in wildlife. A limitation of any flotation-based copromicroscopic method is the selection of the flotation solution (FS), which might influence the performance of the test. However, no study has compared the influence of using different FS in the Mini-FLOTAC technique for parasite detection in wild birds. Here, we evaluated the diagnostic performance of the Mini-FLOTAC in three waterbird host species using two widely used FS: saturated salt (NaCl; specific gravity 1.20) and saturated zinc sulfate (ZnSO4; specific gravity 1.35). One hundred fresh fecal samples were analyzed for parasite fecal egg counts (FEC). Regardless of the host species, fecal samples evaluated with the Mini-FLOTAC method using ZnSO4 resulted in a significantly higher detection rate and higher FEC of strongylid, capillarid, cestode, and trematode parasites, than samples analyzed with the NaCl solution. Our concise study demonstrated the importance of using an appropriate FS for the identification of parasite eggs in wildlife species, especially in hosts with an expected aggregated distribution and low parasite load such as waterbird hosts. The higher analytical sensitivity of the Mini-FLOTAC technique achieved with ZnSO4, and its applicability to fieldwork, highlights this method as a promising tool for the quantitative surveillance of parasite infections in wild bird populations.
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Aves/parasitología , Helmintos , Parasitosis Intestinales , Animales , Animales Salvajes/parasitología , Heces/parasitología , Helmintos/aislamiento & purificación , Parasitosis Intestinales/diagnóstico , Parasitosis Intestinales/veterinaria , Recuento de Huevos de Parásitos , Sensibilidad y EspecificidadRESUMEN
This article presents a 60 years wave hindcast from 1958 to 2017, covering the Colombian Caribbean basin. Each output consists on 6-hour field of significant wave height H s , mean wave period T m - 01 , T mm - 10 and mean direction θ m with a resolution of 11.8 km × 11.4 km. The simulation was performed using SWAN model forced with JRA-55 wind fields. Model data is validated against NOAA buoy 42058 located in the central Caribbean. The resolution and time spam of this database allows to perform either coastal engineering projects as well as to perform research in seasonal and interannual wave climate variability including large return periods to evaluate coastal vulnerability.
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RESUMEN La atención al paciente crítico requiere del manejo del sistema cardiovascular y del equilibrio del medio interno, por lo cual es necesario el monitoreo hemodinámico. Con el objetivo de describir el sustento fisiológico del monitoreo hemodinámico y los medios para su determinación se realizó una búsqueda de información en las bases de dato Scopus, SciELO, PubMed, LILACS, AmeliCA y Redib. El monitoreo hemodinámico permite determinar la necesidad de administrar fluidos y su respuesta terapéutica; al analizar la curva de Frank-Starling. Además, necesita la determinación de parámetros estáticos y dinámicos, que analizan el gasto cardíaco, la presión de pulso, medidos mediante métodos invasivos, mínimamente invasivos y no invasivos. La variabilidad de la presión de pulso y del volumen sistólico constituyen nuevas variables útiles en el proceso. El estudio mediante ecocardiografía de la vena cava inferior juega un importante papel en el monitoreo hemodinámico.
ABSTRACT Caring for the critically ill patient requires management of the cardiovascular system and balance of the internal environment. Hemodynamic monitoring is therefore necessary. With the objective of describing the physiological basis of hemodynamic follow-up and means for its determination, a search for information was carried out in the -Scopus, SciELO, PubMed, LILACS, AmeliCA, and Redib- databases. Hemodynamic monitoring allows determining when fluid administration is required and its therapeutic response by analyzing the Frank Starling curve. It requires the determination of static and dynamic parameters that analyze cardiac output and pulse pressure. These parameters are measured by invasive, minimally invasive and noninvasive methods. Pulse pressure and stroke volume variability are useful new variables in the process. Echocardiographic study of the inferior vena cava plays an important role in the hemodynamic follow-up.
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RESUMEN Introducción: La cirugía mediante mini-toracotomía lateral presenta ventajas comparativas sobre el acceso convencional como menor trauma quirúrgico, reducida morbimortalidad y un resultado estético superior, pero plantea dificultades en caso de necesitar estimulación eléctrica temporal. Objetivo: Valorar el empleo terapéutico del catéter de Swan-Ganz con marcapasos incorporado como solución a dicho problema y analizar sus complicaciones. Material y métodos: Se incluyeron pacientes programados para cirugía mini-invasiva mitral mediante mini-toracotomía lateral. Se definió empleo terapéutico del catéter al uso debido a bradiarritmias o trastornos de conducción o necesidad de incrementar la frecuencia cardíaca con fines hemodinámicos. Pacientes intervenidos de urgencia o emergencia, fueron excluidos del estudio. Resultados: Fueron incluidos 517 pacientes (289 de sexo masculino, con edad promedio de 68,3 ± 10,4 años); se efectuaron 115 (22,2%) reemplazos y 402 (77,7%) plásticas mitrales. Simultáneamente, se realizaron 294 (56,9%) procedimientos de Maze, 182 (35,2%) cierres de orejuela izquierda, 9 (1,7%) cierres de defectos septales y 14 (2,7%) plásticas tricuspídeas. Ciento sesenta y dos (313%) pacientes necesitaron ser marcapaseados; debido a bradiarritmias, 85 (52,47%) pacientes; por trastornos de conducción, 50 (30,86%) pacientes; mientras que otros 27 (16,66%) requirieron incrementar su frecuencia debido a bajo volumen minuto. La mortalidad resultó de 12 (2,32%) casos. Catorce (2,7%) pacientes presentaron pérdida de captura y se resolvieron con el reposicionamiento del catéter, mientras que 2 (0,6%) pacientes presentaron atrapamiento y requirieron reintervención. Conclusiones: Casi un tercio de los pacientes intervenidos mediante mini-toracotomía lateral requirieron del empleo terapéutico del catéter de Swan-Ganz con marcapasos. Dos pacientes presentaron atrapamiento y requirieron resolución quirúrgica.
ABSTRACT Background: The use of a lateral mini-thoracotomy presents several advantages over the standard access, such as less surgical trauma, reduced morbidity and mortality, shorter recovery time and better cosmetic results, but presents difficulties if temporary pacing is required. Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the therapeutic use of a Swan-Ganz catheter with pacing capabilities and analyze its complications. Methods: Patients undergoing scheduled minimally invasive mitral valve surgery through lateral mini-thoracotomy were included in the study. Therapeutic use of the pacing catheter was defined as the need for pacing due to bradyarrhythmias or conduction disorders or need of increasing heart rate in case of hemodynamic instability. Patients undergoing urgent or emergency surgery were excluded from the study. Results: A total of 517 patients were included in the study; mean age was 68.3 ± 10.4 years and 289 (55.9%) were men; 115 patients (22.2%) underwent mitral valve replacement and 402 (77.7%) mitral valve repair. The following concomitant procedures were carried out: 294 (56.9%) Maze procedures, 182 (35.2%) left atrial appendage closures, 9 (1.7%) atrial septal defect closures and 14 (2.7%) tricuspid valve repair surgeries. In the postoperative period 162 (31.3%) patients required pacing due to bradyarrhythmias in 85 cases (52.47%), conduction disorders in 50 (30.86%), and need to increase heart rate in 27 (16.66%) patients with low cardiac output syndrome. Postoperative mortality was 2.32% (n=12). Fourteen (2.7%) patients presented loss of capture that was resolved with catheter repositioning, while 2 (0.6%) patients presented catheter entrapment requiring reintervention. Conclusion: Almost one-third of the patients undergoing lateral mini-thoracotomy required therapeutic use of the pacing Swan-Ganz catheter. Two patients presented catheter entrapment and required surgical reintervention.
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A protocol for determining the location of antioxidants (AOs) in a micro-heterogeneous medium was applied to three series of AOs with increasing hydrophobicities: chromancarboxylic acid ("Trolox") esters, caffeic acid and its esters, and gallic acid and its esters. The observed paradoxical behaviour of these and other commonly encountered antioxidants was rationalized with the aid of a pictorial simile, the "diving-swan" analogy, that explains the orientation and location of an amphiphobic AO when it reacts with a radical probe in the micellar interface.
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Antioxidantes/química , Ácidos Cafeicos/química , Cromanos/química , Ácido Gálico/química , Micelas , Antioxidantes/análisis , Ésteres/química , Interacciones Hidrofóbicas e HidrofílicasRESUMEN
BACKGROUND: There is no consensus about the preferable type of catheter for successful peritoneal dialysis. Intra- and extra-peritoneal catheter configuration may be associated with mechanical and infectious complications affecting technique survival. The objective of this study was to compare the mechanical and infectious complications of coiled versus straight swan neck (SN) peritoneal dialysis catheters. METHODS: A prospective randomized trial was performed to compare mechanical (tip migration with dysfunction) and infectious (peritonitis and exit site infection) complications between catheters randomly divided into two groups: swan neck straight tip and swan neck coiled tip. The follow-up was 1 year. RESULTS: A total of 49 catheters, in 46 patients, were included from April 2015 to February 2016. The catheters groups were constituted as: 25 coiled tip SN and 24 straight tip SN. The baseline demographics were similar among the groups. Kaplan-Meier survival estimates were not different for time to first exit site infection, peritonitis and time to first catheter tip migration (log-rank test, p = 0.07, p = 0.54 and p = 0.83, respectively). Catheter survival and method survival were also similar (log-rank p = 0.88 and p = 0.91, respectively). CONCLUSIONS: The two types of intra-peritoneal segments of SN catheters studied presented similar infectious and mechanical rates with no differences in catheter and technique survival curve. These results were consistent with the recommendations of the International Society for Peritoneal Dialysis.
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Infecciones Relacionadas con Catéteres/epidemiología , Catéteres de Permanencia/efectos adversos , Diálisis Peritoneal/efectos adversos , Diálisis Peritoneal/instrumentación , Anciano , Falla de Equipo , Femenino , Estudios de Seguimiento , Humanos , Estimación de Kaplan-Meier , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Peritonitis/epidemiología , Peritonitis/etiología , Estudios ProspectivosRESUMEN
Resumen: El catéter en la arteria pulmonar (CAP) es un dispositivo utilizado en unidades de cuidados intensivos (UCI) para medir las presiones en el corazón y los vasos sanguíneos pulmonares como parte del monitoreo hemodinámico, principalmente en pacientes de cirugía cardiaca. El dispositivo USCOM se trata de una técnica no invasiva que utiliza la tecnología Doppler para obtener las medidas de volumen sistólico y sus derivados. Se realiza la siguiente comparación de medición de GC entre estos dos dispositivos en pacientes con choque séptico. Se realizó un estudio tipo observacional, prospectivo, longitudinal y comparativo en pacientes con choque séptico entre 18 y 60 años de edad ingresados en la UTI en el periodo de mayo-junio del 2017. Ante la disminución del uso del catéter de la arteria pulmonar debido a la controversia de no mejorar la mortalidad en los pacientes de las unidades de terapia intensiva (UTI), la colocación de dicho catéter ha caído en desuso; sin embargo, el GC medido por el catéter de Swan-Ganz sigue siendo el «estándar de oro¼ para la medición en tiempo real del GC y las resistencias sistémicas y pulmonares. La medición del GC por CAP versus USCOM se correlaciona de tal forma que puede emplearse en la medición por USCOM en un paciente con choque séptico, al cual no se le pretenda invadir para determinar sus condiciones hemodinámicas.
Abstract: The pulmonary artery catheter (CAP) is a device used in intensive care units (ICUs) to measure pressures in the heart and pulmonary blood vessels as part of hemodynamic monitoring primarily in cardiac surgery patients. The USCOM device is a non-invasive technique that uses Doppler technology to obtain measurements of systolic volume and its derivatives. The following CO measurement comparison is performed between these two devices in patients with septic shock. An observational, prospective, longitudinal and comparative study was conducted in patients with septic shock aged between 18 and 60 years admitted to intensive care in the period May-June 2017. In view of the decrease in the use of the pulmonary artery catheter due to the controversy of not improving the mortality in the patients of the Intensive Care Units, the placement of this catheter has fallen into disuse; however, cardiac output measured by the Swan Ganz catheter remains the «gold standard¼ for real-time measurement of cardiac output and systemic and pulmonary resistance. The CO measurement by PAC versus USCOM correlates, in such a way, that USCOM measurement can be used in a patient with septic shock, who is not expected to invade to determine their hemodynamic conditions.
Resumo: O cateter de artéria pulmonar (CAP) é um dispositivo utilizado em unidades de terapia intensiva (UTI) para medir as pressões nos vasos sanguíneos cardíacos e pulmonares, como parte da monitorização hemodinâmica, principalmente em pacientes submetidos a cirurgia cardíaca. O dispositivo USCOM é uma técnica não invasiva que utiliza a tecnologia Doppler para obter medidas do volume sistólico e seus derivados. A seguinte comparação da medição do DC é feita entre esses dois dispositivos em pacientes com choque séptico. Foi realizado um estudo observacional, prospectivo, longitudinal e comparativo em pacientes com choque séptico com idade entre 18 e 60 anos internados na unidade de terapia intensiva no período de maio a junho de 2017. Dada a diminuição do uso do cateter de artéria pulmonar devido à controvérsia de não melhorar a mortalidade nos pacientes das Unidades de Terapia Intensiva, a colocação do referido cateter caiu em desuso; no entanto, o débito cardíaco medido pelo cateter de Swan Ganz continua sendo o «padrão ouro¼ para a medição em tempo real do débito cardíaco e resistências sistêmicas e pulmonares. A medida do DC por CAP vs USCOM está correlacionada, de tal forma que a medida por USCOM pode ser usada em um paciente com choque séptico, que não se destina a invadir para determinar suas condições hemodinâmicas.
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Resumen: Introducción: Se ha discutido el uso de catéter en la arteria pulmonar (Swan-Ganz) por no ofrecer cambios en la mortalidad de los pacientes críticos; sin embargo, aún es una herramienta útil para monitoreo hemodinámico. Objetivo: Ofrecer una alternativa en la colocación de catéter Swan-Ganz mediante ultrasonido en menor tiempo y sin complicaciones. Material y métodos: Se realizó un estudio piloto, prospectivo, observacional, transversal y descriptivo. Se colocaron 26 pacientes con diversas patologías que ameritaban aporte aminérgico o inotrópico y catéter de arteria pulmonar. Se evaluaron los tiempos de colocación y complicaciones asociadas tras su colocación. Resultados: Se obtuvo media de 91.46 segundos de colocación (rango de 60-122 segundos) tras introducir la punta del catéter por venodisección y 0% de complicaciones en 26 pacientes. Discusión: El uso del ultrasonido ofrece un método alterno de colocación del catéter sin apoyo de fluoroscopia, curvas de monitoreo o presiones intracavitarias y reduce complicaciones. Conclusiones: La colocación de Swan-Ganz por ultrasonido es un método alterno y seguro con un tiempo medio de 91 segundos para su inserción. Se requiere una muestra mayor para determinar si es eficaz el método y quizás un estudio multicéntrico.
Abstract: Background: Use of a pulmonary artery catheter (Swan-Ganz) has been discussed because it does not offer changes in the mortality of critically ill patients; however, it is still a useful tool for hemodynamic monitoring. Objective: To offer an alternative in the placement of Swan-Ganz catheter by ultrasound in less time and without complications. Material and methods: A pilot, prospective, observational, cross-sectional and descriptive study was conducted. Placing 26 patients with various pathologies that required aminergic or inotropic delivery, a pulmonary artery catheter; evaluating placement times and associated complications after placement. Results: A mean of 91.46 seconds of placement (range of 60-122 seconds) was obtained after insertion of the tip of the catheter by venodisection and 0% of complications in 26 patients. Discussion: The use of ultrasound offers an alternate method of placement of the catheter without fluoroscopy support, monitoring curves or intracavitary pressures; and reduces complications. Conclusions: The placement of Swan-Ganz by ultrasound is an alternative and safe method for placement with an average time of 91 seconds in its insertion. A larger sample is required to determine if the method is effective and perhaps a multicenter study.
Resumo: Introdução: O uso de cateter na artéria pulmonar (Swan-Ganz) tem sido discutido por não oferecer mudanças na mortalidade de pacientes em estado crítico, no entanto, ainda é uma ferramenta útil para a monitorização hemodinâmica. Objetivo: Oferecer uma alternativa na colocação do cateter de Swan-Ganz com ultrassom em menos tempo e sem complicações. Material e métodos: Foi realizado um estudo piloto, prospectivo, observacional, transversal e descritivo. Colocando 26 pacientes com diferentes patologias que requeriam suporte aminérgico ou inotrópico e cateter de artéria pulmonar; avaliando o tempo e complicações associadas após a colocação. Resultados: Obteve-se uma média de 91.46 segundos de colocação (intervalo de 60-122 segundos) após a introdução da ponta do cateter por venodissecção e 0% de complicações em 26 pacientes. Discussão: O uso do ultrassom oferece um método alternativo de colocação do cateter sem apoio de fluoroscopia, curvas de monitoramento ou pressões intracavitárias; e reduz as complicações. Conclusões: A colocação do cateter de Swan Ganz por ultrassom é um método alternativo e seguro, com um tempo médio de 91 segundos na sua inserção. É necessária uma amostra maior para determinar se o método é eficaz e talvez um estudo multicêntrico.
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BACKGROUND: Interventions in patients with a left ventricular assist device (LVAD) in the intensive care unit (ICU) are typically performed based on the results of conventional monitoring, such as vital signs and Swan-Ganz catheter (SGC) and LVAD parameters. These variables might not always accurately reflect a patient's cardiac function, volume status, and interventricular septal configuration, however. To assess the accuracy of standard monitoring, we performed routine continuous hemodynamic transesophageal echocardiography (hTEE) to evaluate cardiac function, volume status, and septal position. METHODS: Between 2011 and 2015, 93 HeartMate II LVADs were implanted. The study group comprised 30 patients with an SGC in place who were monitored routinely by hTEE in the ICU every 1 to 3 hours until extubation. A total of 147 hTEE studies were analyzed retrospectively to observe differences between conventional monitoring and hTEE. RESULTS: Among the 30 patients studied, 26 (87%) had at least 1 disagreement between conventional monitoring and hTEE findings. In 22 patients (73%), at least 1 of the hTEE studies was abnormal whereas conventional parameters were normal. Abnormal hTEE findings included a shift in the interventricular septum in 19 patients (63%), abnormal ventricular volume status in 22 patients (73%), and right ventricular failure in 9 patients (30%). Based on conventional monitoring, none of the patients required an LVAD speed change, whereas hTEE showed that 14 patients (47%) needed an LVAD speed adjustment. CONCLUSIONS: Conventional monitoring in the ICU might not provide an accurate representation of cardiac function, ventricular volume status, or septal position in patients with LVAD. Continuous monitoring with hTEE in patients with an LVAD may help guide optimal intervention in the ICU setting during the early postoperative period.
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Cateterismo de Swan-Ganz , Ecocardiografía Transesofágica , Insuficiencia Cardíaca/terapia , Corazón Auxiliar , Hemodinámica , Monitoreo Ambulatorio/métodos , Función Ventricular Izquierda , Adulto , Anciano , Femenino , Estado de Salud , Insuficiencia Cardíaca/diagnóstico por imagen , Insuficiencia Cardíaca/fisiopatología , Humanos , Unidades de Cuidados Intensivos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Valor Predictivo de las Pruebas , Diseño de Prótesis , Reproducibilidad de los Resultados , Estudios Retrospectivos , Factores de Tiempo , Resultado del Tratamiento , Tabique Interventricular/diagnóstico por imagen , Tabique Interventricular/fisiopatología , Adulto JovenRESUMEN
BACKGROUND: Cardiac output (CO) is an important haemodynamic parameter to monitor in patients during surgery. However, the majority of the techniques for measuring CO have a limited application in veterinary practice due to their invasive approach and associated complexity and risks. Transoesophageal echocardiography (TEE) is a technique used to monitor cardiac function in human patients during surgical procedures and allows CO to be measured non-invasively. This prospective clinical study aimed to compare the transoesophageal echocardiography using a transgastric view of the left ventricular outflow tract (LVOT) and the thermodilution (TD) technique for the assessment of CO during mean arterial pressure of 65-80 mmHg (normotension) and <65 mmHg (hypotension) in dogs undergoing elective surgery. Eight dogs were pre-medicated with acepromazine (0.05 mg/kg, IM), tramadol (4 mg/kg, IM) and atropine (0.03 mg/kg, IM), followed by anaesthetic induction with propofol (3-5 mg/kg IV) and maintenance with isoflurane associated with a continuous infusion rate of fentanyl (bolus of 3 µg/kg followed by 0.3 µg/kg/min). The CO was measured by TEE (COTEE) and TD (COTD) at the end of expiration during normotension and hypotension (induced by isoflurane). RESULTS: There was a strong positive correlation between COTEE and COTD ââ(r = 0.925; P < 0.0001). The bias between COTD and COTEE was 0.14 ± 0.29 L/min (limits of agreement, -0.44 to 0.72 L/min). The percentage error of CO measured by the two methods was 12.32%. In addition, a strong positive correlation was found between COTEE and COTD during normotension (r = 0.995; P < 0.0001) and hypotension (r = 0.78; P = 0.0223). CONCLUSIONS: The results of this study indicated that the transgastric view of the LVOT by TEE was a minimally invasive alternative to clinically monitoring CO in dogs during anaesthesia. However, during hypotension, the CO obtained by TEE was less reliable, although still acceptable.
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Gasto Cardíaco/fisiología , Perros/fisiología , Ecocardiografía Transesofágica/veterinaria , Termodilución/veterinaria , Anestesia/veterinaria , Animales , Ecocardiografía Transesofágica/métodos , Hipotensión/inducido químicamente , Isoflurano/farmacología , Monitoreo Intraoperatorio/métodos , Monitoreo Intraoperatorio/veterinaria , Estudios Prospectivos , Reproducibilidad de los Resultados , Termodilución/métodosRESUMEN
Introducción: la artritis reumatoidea es una enfermedad sistémica, en la que son comunes las deformidades articulares, estas se pueden observar en el pulgar donde las de mayor frecuencia son las de Boutonniere y en cuello de cisne. Objetivo: el objetivo principal fue evaluar los resultados de la aplicación de las técnicas quirúrgicas en estas deformidades. Método: se realizó un estudio longitudinal prospectivo de intervención. Se trataron un total de 20 pacientes con este diagnóstico, atendidos en el Servicio de Miembro Superior Minifijación Externa y Microcirugía del Complejo Científico Ortopédico Internacional Frank País en el período comprendido desde enero 2011 a diciembre 2012. La evaluación de los pacientes se realizó según la escala confeccionada para este grupo particular en estudio. Resultados: se obtuvieron resultados excelentes en el 10 por ciento, buenos en el 75 por ciento y regulares en el 15 por ciento de los casos. Conclusiones: las técnicas quirúrgicas empleadas en el tratamiento de esta afección mostraron resultados alentadores(AU)
Introduction: Rheumatoid arthritis is a systemic disease, in which joint deformities are common; these deformities are observed in the thumb where the most frequent are Boutonniere and swan-neck deformities. Objective: Assess the results of the application of surgical techniques in these deformities. Method: A longitudinal prospective intervention study was conducted at Frank País International Orthopedic Scientific Complex from January 2011 to December 2012. Twenty patients with this diagnosis were treated in the Upper Limb Service for External Miniaturization and Microsurgery. The evaluation of the patients was performed according to the scale prepared for this particular study group. Results: 10 of the cases obtained excellent results, 75 percent obtained good results and 15 percent had moderate results. Conclusions: The surgical techniques used in the treatment of this condition showed encouraging results(AU)
Introduction: L'arthrite rhumatoïde est une maladie systémique caractérisée par des atteintes articulaires, surtout au niveau du pouce, telles que les déformations en boutonnière et en col de cygne. Objectif: Évaluer les résultats de l'application des techniques chirurgicales dans le traitement de ces déformations. Méthodes: Une étude longitudinale prospective interventionnelle a été réalisée. Un total de vingt patients, diagnostiqués d'arthrite rhumatoïde, ont été traités au Service d'orthopédie de membres supérieurs, mini-fixation externe et microchirurgie, au Complexe scientifique international d'orthopédie Frank Pais, dans la période comprise entre janvier 2011 et décembre 2012. Les patients de ce groupe ont été évalués selon une échelle élaborée pour cette étude. Résultats: On a obtenu des résultats excellents (10 pourcent), bons (75 pourcent), et passables (15 pourcent). Conclusions: Les techniques chirurgicales utilisées dans le traitement de cette affection ont montré des résultats encourageants(AU)
Asunto(s)
Humanos , Adolescente , Artritis Reumatoide/etiología , Artroplastia/métodos , Pulgar/anomalías , Pulgar/cirugía , Anomalías Congénitas/cirugía , Estudios Prospectivos , Estudios LongitudinalesRESUMEN
En las unidades de cuidados criticos la utilizacion del cateter Swan Ganz permite monitorizar parametros hemodinamicos fundamentales para el control del paciente critico, para el diagnostico y tratamiento de aquellos que hemodinamicamente estan inestables, donde el cuidado de enfermeria es primordial no solo en los procedimientos de preparación de materiales a utilizar, asistencia en la colocación, sino tambien en el mantenimiento, cuidados y finalmente retirada del mismo..
Asunto(s)
Humanos , Cateterismo de Swan-Ganz/enfermería , Cuidados CríticosRESUMEN
Multiple cytokines and growth factors expressed at the fetal-maternal interface are involved in the regulation of trophoblast functions and placental growth, but the role of G-CSF has not been completely established. Based on our previous study showing that G-CSF increases the activity of matrix metalloproteinase-2 and the release of vascular endothelial growth factor in Swan 71 human trophoblast cells, in this work we explore the possible contribution of G-CSF to cell migration and the G-CSF-triggered signaling pathway. We found that G-CSF induced morphological changes on actin cytoskeleton consistent with a migratory cell phenotype. G-CSF also up-regulated the expression levels of ß1 integrin and promoted Swan 71 cell migration. By using selective pharmacological inhibitors and dominant negative mutants we showed that PI3K, Erk 1/2 and p38 pathways are required for promoting Swan 71 cell motility. It was also demonstrated that PI3K behaved as an upstream regulator of Erk 1/2 and p38 MAPK. In addition, the increase of ß1 integrin expression was dependent on PI3K activation. In conclusion, our results indicate that G-CSF stimulates ß1 integrin expression and Swan 71 cell migration by activating PI3K and MAPK signaling pathways, suggesting that G-CSF should be considered as an additional regulatory factor that contributes to a successful embryo implantation and to the placenta development.
Asunto(s)
Movimiento Celular , Factor Estimulante de Colonias de Granulocitos/fisiología , Integrina beta1/metabolismo , Sistema de Señalización de MAP Quinasas , Trofoblastos/fisiología , Línea Celular Tumoral , Humanos , Integrina beta1/genética , Proteínas Quinasas Activadas por Mitógenos/metabolismo , Fosfatidilinositol 3-Quinasas/metabolismo , Análisis de Matrices Tisulares , Regulación hacia ArribaRESUMEN
The purpose of the present investigation was to examine the effects of unilateral and bilateral jugular vein occlusion via temporary surgical ligature on arterial blood gases in horses during treadmill exercise. Six horses performed three exercise tests (ETs). ET1, considered to be the control, was performed in horses without jugular occlusion. ET2 and ET3 were performed in horses with unilateral and bilateral occlusion via temporary surgical ligature of the jugular veins, respectively. The partial pressure of oxygen (PO2) and partial pressure of carbon dioxide (PCO2) were determined. The PO2 showed decreased values during ET2 and ET3, suggesting that horses presenting acute jugular thrombophlebitis may have airflow limitations when exercising.(AU)
O objetivo do presente trabalho foi avaliar os efeitos da oclusão da veia jugular por ligadura cirúrgica unilateral e bilateral sobre os gases do sangue arterial em equinos durante o exercício em esteira. Seis equinos realizaram três exercícios teste (ETs). ET1, considerado como controle, foi realizado por eqüinos sem oclusão jugular. ET2 e ET3 foram cumpridos por equinos apresentando oclusão da veia jugular por ligadura temporária unilateral e bilateral, respectivamente. A pressão parcial de oxigênio (PO2) e a pressão parcial de dióxido de carbono (PCO2) foram determinadas. A (PO2) demonstrou diminuição em ET2 e ET3, sugerindo que equinos com tromboflebite jugular aguda podem apresentar limitação no fluxo de ar inspirado durante o exercício.(AU)
Asunto(s)
Animales , Caballos , Venas Yugulares/anomalías , Tromboflebitis/veterinaria , Análisis de los Gases de la Sangre/veterinaria , Ligadura/métodos , Cateterismo de Swan-Ganz/métodosRESUMEN
A 3-year-old male black swan (Cygnus atratus), belonging to a private collection, died suddenly and was subjected to post mortem examination. At necropsy, caseous exudate was observed in the lungs and air sacs; granulomatous lesions characterized by epithelioid macrophages and abundant mycobacteria were observed microscopically. Avian tuberculosis associated with Mycobacterium bovis was confirmed by bacteriologic isolation, biochemical tests and molecular methods. The organism was identified as spoligotype SB0140, which is frequently found in cattle and people in North America. In this case, interspecies transmission could have been the source of infection because the swan cohabited with cattle.
Asunto(s)
Anseriformes/microbiología , Mycobacterium bovis/aislamiento & purificación , Infecciones del Sistema Respiratorio/veterinaria , Tuberculosis/veterinaria , Animales , Resultado Fatal , Pulmón/microbiología , Pulmón/patología , Masculino , México , Mycobacterium bovis/genética , Infecciones del Sistema Respiratorio/diagnóstico , Infecciones del Sistema Respiratorio/microbiología , Tuberculosis/diagnóstico , Tuberculosis/microbiologíaRESUMEN
Practical Bayesian nonparametric methods have been developed across a wide variety of contexts. Here, we develop a novel statistical model that generalizes standard mixed models for longitudinal data that include flexible mean functions as well as combined compound symmetry (CS) and autoregressive (AR) covariance structures. AR structure is often specified through the use of a Gaussian process (GP) with covariance functions that allow longitudinal data to be more correlated if they are observed closer in time than if they are observed farther apart. We allow for AR structure by considering a broader class of models that incorporates a Dirichlet Process Mixture (DPM) over the covariance parameters of the GP. We are able to take advantage of modern Bayesian statistical methods in making full predictive inferences and about characteristics of longitudinal profiles and their differences across covariate combinations. We also take advantage of the generality of our model, which provides for estimation of a variety of covariance structures. We observe that models that fail to incorporate CS or AR structure can result in very poor estimation of a covariance or correlation matrix. In our illustration using hormone data observed on women through the menopausal transition, biology dictates the use of a generalized family of sigmoid functions as a model for time trends across subpopulation categories.
RESUMEN
The purpose of the present investigation was to examine the effects of unilateral and bilateral jugular vein occlusion via temporary surgical ligature on arterial blood gases in horses during treadmill exercise. Six horses performed three exercise tests (ETs). ET1, considered to be the control, was performed in horses without jugular occlusion. ET2 and ET3 were performed in horses with unilateral and bilateral occlusion via temporary surgical ligature of the jugular veins, respectively. The partial pressure of oxygen (PO2) and partial pressure of carbon dioxide (PCO2) were determined. The PO2 showed decreased values during ET2 and ET3, suggesting that horses presenting acute jugular thrombophlebitis may have airflow limitations when exercising.
O objetivo do presente trabalho foi avaliar os efeitos da oclusão da veia jugular por ligadura cirúrgica unilateral e bilateral sobre os gases do sangue arterial em equinos durante o exercício em esteira. Seis equinos realizaram três exercícios teste (ETs). ET1, considerado como controle, foi realizado por eqüinos sem oclusão jugular. ET2 e ET3 foram cumpridos por equinos apresentando oclusão da veia jugular por ligadura temporária unilateral e bilateral, respectivamente. A pressão parcial de oxigênio (PO2) e a pressão parcial de dióxido de carbono (PCO2) foram determinadas. A (PO2) demonstrou diminuição em ET2 e ET3, sugerindo que equinos com tromboflebite jugular aguda podem apresentar limitação no fluxo de ar inspirado durante o exercício.