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In the pharmaceutical industry, there is an abundance of regulatory documents used to understand the current regulatory landscape and proactively make project decisions. Due to the size of these documents, it is helpful for project teams to have informative summaries. We propose a novel solution, MedicoVerse, to summarize such documents using advanced machine learning techniques. MedicoVerse uses a multi-stage approach, combining word embeddings using the SapBERT model on regulatory documents. These embeddings are put through a critical hierarchical agglomerative clustering step, and the clusters are organized through a custom data structure. Each cluster is summarized using the bart-large-cnn-samsum model, and each summary is merged to create a comprehensive summary of the original document. We compare MedicoVerse results with established models T5, Google Pegasus, Facebook BART, and large language models such as Mixtral 8 × 7b instruct, GPT 3.5, and Llama-2-70b by introducing a scoring system that considers four factors: ROUGE score, BERTScore, business entities and the Flesch Reading Ease. Our results show that MedicoVerse outperforms the compared models, thus producing informative summaries of large regulatory documents.
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Aprendizaje Automático , Análisis por Conglomerados , Industria Farmacéutica , Humanos , Procesamiento de Lenguaje NaturalRESUMEN
In biomedicine, the expansive scientific literature combined with the frequent use of abbreviations, acronyms, and symbols presents considerable challenges for text processing and summarization. The Unified Medical Language System (UMLS) has been a go-to for extracting concepts and determining correlations in these studies; hence, the BioGraphSum model introduced in this study aims to reduce this UMLS dependence. Through adoption of an innovative perspective, sentences within a piece of text are graphically conceptualized as nodes, enabling the concept of "Malatya centrality" to be leveraged. This approach focuses on pinpointing influential nodes on a graph and, by analogy, the most pertinent sentences within the text for summarization. In order to evaluate the performance of the BioGraphSum approach, a corpus was curated that consisted of 450 contemporary scientific research articles available on the PubMed database, aligned with proven research methodology. The BioGraphSum model was subjected to rigorous testing against this corpus in order to demonstrate its capabilities. Preliminary results, especially in the precision-based and f-score-based ROUGE-(1-2), ROUGE-L, and ROUGE-SU metrics reported significant improvements when compared to other existing models considered state-of-the-art in text summarization.
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Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are a large group of synthetic organic fluoro-compounds that are oil-, water-, and flame-resistant, making them useful in a wide range of commercial and consumer products, as well as resistant to environmental degradation. To assess the impact of urbanization and wastewater treatment processes, surface water and sediment samples were collected at 27 sites within the Great Lakes in the Lake Huron to Lake Erie corridor (HEC), an international waterway including the highly urbanized Detroit and Rouge Rivers. Samples were analyzed for 92 PFAS via UHPLC-MS/MS. Our previous data in the HEC found the highest amount of PFAS contamination at the Rouge River mouth. In addition to evaluating the input of the Rouge River into the HEC, we evaluated the transport of PFAS into the HEC from other major tributaries. PFAS were detected in both surface water and sediment at all sites in this study, with a total of 10 congeners quantified in all surface water samples and 16 congeners quantified in all sediment samples, indicating ubiquitous contamination. Perfluorooctanesulfonic acid (PFOS) and perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) were pervasive in the HEC as these two compounds were detected in all sites and matrices, often at concentrations above the US EPA's recommended lifetime interim updated health advisories. Surface water samples contained more perfluorohexanoic acid (PFHxA) than any other congener, with average aqueous PFHxA across all surface water samples exceeding the average concentration previously reported in the Great Lakes. Sediment samples were dominated by PFOS, but novel congeners, notably 3-Perfluoropentyl propanoic acid (FPePA), were also quantified in sediment. The Rouge River and other tributaries contribute significantly to the PFAS burden in the HEC including Lake Erie. Overall, our results indicate the need for expanding toxicological research and risk assessment focused on congeners such as PFHxA and PFAS mixtures, as well as regulation that is tighter at the onset of production and encompasses PFAS as a group at a national level.
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Ensuring adequate and equitable access to affordable HIV testing is a crucial step toward ending the HIV epidemic (EHE). Using the high-burden Baton Rouge Metropolitan Statistical Area (MSA) as an example, we measure spatial access to HIV testing facilities for vulnerable populations and assess whether their access would improve if eliminating a considerable barrier-costs. Locations and status (free, low-cost, and full cost) of HIV testing facilities are searched on the Internet and confirmed through a field survey. Vulnerable populations include the uninsured and people living with HIV (PLWH), disaggregated from county-level HIV prevalence data. Spatial access is computed by a normalized urban-rural two-step floating catchment area (NUR2SFCA) method. Our survey confirms that only 11% and 37% of the 103 Internet-searched HIV testing facilities are indeed free and low-cost. Making more facilities cheaper or free increases the average access of PLWH, the uninsured, and the entire population but their geographic patterns vary. Free testing facilities, clustered in Baton Rouge city, are highly accessible to 82.6%, 69.4%, and 70.2% of three population groups living in East and West Baton Rouge Parish. In comparison, making all low-cost facilities free increases access in most outlying parishes but at the cost of reducing access in East Baton Rouge Parish, leaving west Livingston, north Iberville, and east Pointe Coupee Parish with the poorest access. Making all full-cost facilities cheaper or free exhibits a similar pattern. The study has important policy implications for where and how to improve access to HIV testing for vulnerable populations.
RESUMEN: Medimos el acceso espacial a las instalaciones de pruebas de VIH para poblaciones vulnerables y evaluamos si su acceso mejoraría si se eliminaran las barreras de costos, utilizando como ejemplo el área estadística metropolitana de Baton Rouge, que tiene una alta carga. Nuestra encuesta confirma que el 11% y el 37% de los 103 centros de pruebas de VIH buscados en Internet son efectivamente gratuitos y de bajo costo. Hacer que más instalaciones sean más baratas o gratuitas aumenta el acceso promedio de las PLWH, las personas sin seguro y toda la población, pero sus patrones geográficos varían. Las instalaciones de pruebas gratuitas, agrupadas en la ciudad de Baton Rouge, son muy accesibles para el 82,6%, el 69,4% y el 70,2% de los tres grupos de población del este y oeste de Baton Rouge. En comparación, hacer que las instalaciones de bajo costo sean gratuitas aumenta el acceso en las parroquias periféricas, pero a costa de reducir el acceso en East Baton Rouge. Hacer que las instalaciones de costo total sean más baratas o gratuitas muestra un patrón similar. El estudio tiene importantes implicaciones políticas para mejorar el acceso a las pruebas del VIH para las poblaciones vulnerables.
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Infecciones por VIH , Prueba de VIH , Accesibilidad a los Servicios de Salud , Poblaciones Vulnerables , Humanos , Accesibilidad a los Servicios de Salud/estadística & datos numéricos , Infecciones por VIH/epidemiología , Infecciones por VIH/diagnóstico , Prueba de VIH/estadística & datos numéricos , Louisiana/epidemiología , Femenino , Masculino , Población Urbana/estadística & datos numéricos , Pacientes no Asegurados/estadística & datos numéricos , Prevalencia , Adulto , Tamizaje Masivo/estadística & datos numéricos , Análisis EspacialRESUMEN
Objective To analyze the diagnostic efficacy and clinical significance of magnifying endoscopy combined with narrow-band imaging(ME-NBI),acetate-indigo rouge staining and multi-slice spiral CT for early gastric cancer and precancerous lesions.Methods 202 patients with suspected early gastric cancer and precancerous lesions from February 2019 to March 2022 were regarded as the subjects of this study,all the patients underwent ME-NBI,acetate-indigo rouge staining,and multi-slice spiral CT examination;The diagnostic value of different examination methods for early gastric cancer and precancerous lesions was analyzed using the receiver operator characteristic curve(ROC curve),using the pathological results of gastric cancer as the gold standard,the diagnostic value of ME-NBI,acetate-indigo rouge staining combined with multi-slice spiral CT and their combination in early gastric cancer and precancerous lesions was analyzed using a four grid table.Results The image quality of ME-NBI and acetate-indigo rouge staining combined examinations was significantly higher than that of their respective independent examinations(P<0.05).There was significant difference in the degree of differentiation in the clinical features of patients with early gastric cancer and precancerous lesions(P<0.05).The area under the curve(AUC)of ME-NBI for the diagnosis of early gastric cancer and precancerous lesions was 0.853,the accuracy was 85.64%,the sensitivity was 88.37%,and the specificity was 83.62%.The AUC of acetate-indigo rouge staining for the diagnosis of early gastric cancer and precancerous lesions was 0.814,the accuracy was 81.68%,the sensitivity was 83.72%,and the specificity was 80.17%.The AUC of multi-slice spiral CT for the diagnosis of early gastric cancer and precancerous lesions was 0.804,with an accuracy of 80.69%,a sensitivity of 82.56%,and a specificity of 79.31%.And the AUC of the three methods combined to diagnose early gastric cancer and precancerous lesions was 0.893,with an accuracy of 89.60%,a sensitivity of 93.02%,and a specificity of 87.07%.Conclusion ME-NBI,acetate-indigo rouge staining combined with multi-slice spiral CT has high diagnostic efficacy in early gastric cancer and precancerous lesions,and can be used in clinical practice.
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With the 2020 publication of the facsimile edition of The Black Books, we have an opportunity to study the layers of C. G. Jung's creative writing process for the first time. In this paper, I explore Jung's practice of active imagination in relation to his fantasy dialogues with the dead during two specific episodes in 1914 and 1916. I discuss Jung's concept of the collective unconscious corresponding to the "mythic land of the dead" and I show how this idea develops in The Black Books and The Red Book, or Liber Novus, culminating in Septem Sermones ad Mortuos. I describe my work with a patient, who, in an early session, said she felt like the "living dead". I recount how the patient's experience of her own internal world began to change as we were able to wonder about the inner world of the patient's late mother and, together, to imagine her mother's lament. I consider the use of imagination when working with the concept of "therapy for the dead" (Hillman & Shamdasani, 2013, p. 164) in the context of intergenerational trauma.
Avec la parution des reproductions des Livres Noirs en 2020, nous avons pour la première fois la possibilité d'étudier les différents niveaux dans le processus d'écriture créative de C.G. Jung. Dans cet article, j'explore la pratique de Jung d'imagination active en lien avec ses dialogues imaginaires avec les morts pendant deux épisodes spécifiques ; en 1914 et 1916. J'étudie le concept de Jung d'inconscient collectif correspondant au 'pays mythique des morts' et je montre comment cette idée est développée dans les Livres Noirs et le Livre Rouge, ou Liber Novus, et culmine dans Septem Sermones ad Mortuos. Je décris mon travail avec une patiente qui, dans une des premières séances, exprima qu'elle se sentait comme un « mort-vivant ¼. Je raconte comment l'expérience que cette patiente avait de son monde interne commença à changer lorsqu'il nous fut possible de nous intéresser au monde intérieur de sa mère décédée et d'imaginer ensemble la lamentation de sa mère. Je réfléchis à l'usage de l'imagination quand on travaille avec le concept de « thérapie pour les morts ¼ (Hillman et Shamdasani, 2013, p.164) dans le contexte de traumatisme intergénérationnel.
Con la publicación de la edición facsímil de Los libros Negros en el año 2020, tenemos la oportunidad de estudiar por primera vez los diversos niveles del proceso creativo de escritura de C. G. Jung. En este artículo, exploro la práctica de la imaginación activa de Jung en relación con sus diálogos con los muertos durante dos episodios específicos en 1914 y 1916. Examino el concepto de inconsciente colectivo de Jung correspondiente a la "tierra mítica de los muertos" y muestro cómo se desarrolla esta idea en Los libros Negros y en El libro Rojo, o Liber Novus, culminando en los Siete Sermones a los Muertos. Describo mi trabajo con una paciente que, en una de las primeras sesiones, dijo sentirse como una "muerta viviente". Cuento cómo la experiencia de la paciente de su propio mundo interno empezó a cambiar cuando pudimos empezar a preguntarnos por el mundo interno de su madre fallecida y, juntas, imaginar el lamento de su madre. Considero el uso de la imaginación cuando se trabaja con el concepto de "terapia para los muertos" (Hillman & Shamdasani, 2013, p. 164) en el contexto del trauma intergeneracional.
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Trauma Histórico , Teoría Junguiana , Femenino , Humanos , Emociones , Imaginación , FantasíaRESUMEN
Sickle cell anemia is a genetic disorder that affects hemoglobin leading to the production of an abnormal hemoglobin, called HbS. HbS has the property to polymerize under deoxygenated conditions, causing a mechanical distortion of red blood cells; a phenomenon called sickling. These sickle red blood cells are more fragile and rigid, leading to chronic hemolytic anemia and painful vaso-occlusive crises, as well as chronic vascular complications that can affect many organs. The abnormal functional properties of these sickle red blood cells are responsible for a wide range of clinical expression of the disease. HbS polymerization can be influenced by many factors, such as the hydration state of the red blood cells or the affinity of hemoglobin for oxygen. Moreover, the rheological characteristics of red blood cells, including their deformability and aggregation properties, are associated with specific clinical phenotypes. The pro-inflammatory and pro-oxidant state, as well as the repeated polymerization of HbS, accelerate the senescence of sickle red blood cells, promoting the release of microparticles and contributing to vascular dysfunction. Patients' red blood cells also have molecular characteristics that promote their adhesion to the endothelium and other circulating cells, contributing to the onset of vascular complications. Massive intravascular hemolysis, due to increased erythrocyte fragility, is also responsible for chronic vascular complications. These different alterations are privileged therapeutic targets, leading to the emergence of new specific treatments. © 2023 Société nationale française de médecine interne (SNFMI). Published by Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved.
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Anemia de Células Falciformes , Humanos , Anemia de Células Falciformes/complicaciones , Anemia de Células Falciformes/epidemiología , Anemia de Células Falciformes/terapia , Hemólisis , Eritrocitos Anormales/metabolismo , Oxígeno , Hemoglobinas/metabolismoRESUMEN
Sickle cell disease is syndromic, associating a hemolytic anemia, a vaso-obstructive vascular disease, and an infectious risk linked to the precocity of the splenic function loss. The willingly hyperacute and potentially fatal character of the two last elements of the pathophysiologic syndrome, has, quite rightly, focused the therapeutic researches on them. Great success in those two domains have allowed a very important gain in life expectancy. However, chronic progressive organ dysfunction began to appear in older than 25 years-old patients. It concerns mainly renal, hepatic, cardiac functions and pulmonary arterial pressure and may lead to organ failure and premature death. Since some 25 years, the clinical research demonstrated an association between such complications and intravascular hemolytic rate, and it turned to a causative relationship. This present paper try to summarize the actual knowledge on the structural and genetic aspects of sickle cell anemia hemolysis. © 2023 Société nationale française de médecine interne (SNFMI). Published by Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved.
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Anemia de Células Falciformes , Enfermedades Vasculares , Humanos , Anciano , Adulto , Anemia de Células Falciformes/complicaciones , Anemia de Células Falciformes/epidemiología , Anemia de Células Falciformes/terapia , Hemólisis , Eritrocitos , Enfermedades Vasculares/complicaciones , SíndromeRESUMEN
Muscle tissue and organ samples of six different fish species were collected from ten locations in Southeast Michigan's Huron and Rouge watersheds. Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) were analyzed in 36 samples comprising filets, liver, gut, and eggs using targeted analysis and the direct total oxidizable precursor (dTOP) assay on a subset of six samples. The median concentrations of the ∑PFAS in filets from the Huron and Rouge watersheds were 13 and 6.3 ng/g wet weight (w.w.), respectively. Perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) was the most detected and abundant compound in fish organs, with the liver having the largest overall burden of PFAS. The highest percent increase in targeted PFAS after the dTOP assay was observed in the Catfish filet (552%) while the smallest increase was in the Catfish liver (32%) accounting for 1.3 and 8.1 nMole F/g dry weight (d.w.), respectively. The positive matrix factorization (PMF) analysis revealed three distinct PFAS sources, of which the one attributed to PFOS explained 73% of the data. Results from this work have important implications for fish consumption in Michigan waterways. Among the filet samples analyzed, the calculated daily consumption limit of total PFOS was exceeded in approximately 82% and 91% of samples for adults and children over the age of seven years old, respectively.
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Ácidos Alcanesulfónicos , Bagres , Fluorocarburos , Contaminantes Químicos del Agua , Adulto , Animales , Niño , Humanos , Monitoreo del Ambiente , Michigan , Contaminantes Químicos del Agua/análisis , Fluorocarburos/análisis , Ácidos Alcanesulfónicos/análisisRESUMEN
Equity in health care delivery is a longstanding concern of public health policy. Telehealth is considered an important way to level the playing field by broadening health services access and improving quality of care and health outcomes. This study refines the recently developed "2-Step Virtual Catchment Area (2SVCA) method" to assess the telehealth accessibility of primary care in the Baton Rouge Metropolitan Statistical Area, Louisiana. The result is compared to that of spatial accessibility via physical visits to care providers based on the popular 2-Step Floating Catchment Area (2SFCA) method. The study shows that both spatial and telehealth accessibilities decline from urban to low-density and then rural areas. Moreover, disproportionally higher percentages of African Americans are in areas with higher spatial accessibility scores; but such an advantage is not realized in telehealth accessibility. In the study area, absence of broadband availability is mainly a rural problem and leads to a lower average telehealth accessibility than physical accessibility in rural areas. On the other side, lack of broadband affordability is a challenge across the rural-urban continuum and is disproportionally associated with high concentrations of disadvantaged population groups such as households under the poverty level and Blacks.
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OBJECTIVE: In France, C-sections are classified through a color code according to their degree of urgency. A red-classified C-section is triggered when life of mother or fetus is immediately threatened These cases happen very rarely and represent less than 1% of total deliveries. Many French maternity hospitals are above this rate. This risky procedure should remain an exception. The main purpose of this study is to develop a new tool enabling to determine the relevance of red C-sections in order to improve obstetrical practices. METHODS: Eleven national obstetrical experts were submitted with relevant-estimated indications of red C-sections. A two-round Delphi methodology was then used to reach a consensus on a new table of relevance. RESULTS: Five different groups of indications were proposed to the panel of experts. After two rounds, four groups achieved a consensus by being qualified "very relevant" or "relevant" by more than 80% of the 11 experts. CONCLUSION: The aim of this new consensual table of relevance is to improve quality of care. It allows to evaluate the relevance of red C-sections and determine when red C-sections are non-relevant but it particularly helps teams to identify ways of improvements. Finally, this tool enables a reproductible analysis that can be further intra- or inter-hospitals developed towards harmonization of practices.
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Cesárea , Obstetricia , Embarazo , Humanos , Femenino , Técnica Delphi , Francia , MaternidadesRESUMEN
Red yeast rice (RYR) is a dietary supplement containing monacolins obtained by fermentation of Monascus purpureus strains. Because of its structural homology with lovastatin, monacolin K inhibits HMG-CoA reductase and shows hypocholesterolemic properties comparable to synthetic statins. We studied all cases of myopathy involving RYR reported in the French national pharmacovigilance database (6 cases) and in scientific literature (9 cases). Among these cases, 9 showed elevated creatine kinase, 3 rhabdomyolysis and 2 myalgia. Recent studies seem to show good efficacy of the RYR, however, our work reports the existence of related muscular disorders. In addition, dietary supplements currently available on the market may show considerable variability of formulation and/or the presence of contaminants. When clinicobiological disorders occur, physicians should consider the eventual use of an herbal treatment.
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The extractive text summarization (ETS) method for finding the salient information from a text automatically uses the exact sentences from the source text. In this article, we answer the question of what quality of a summary we can achieve with ETS methods? To maximize the ROUGE-1 score, we used five approaches: (1) adapted reduced variable neighborhood search (RVNS), (2) Greedy algorithm, (3) VNS initialized by Greedy algorithm results, (4) genetic algorithm, and (5) genetic algorithm initialized by the Greedy algorithm results. Furthermore, we ran experiments on articles from the arXive dataset. As a result, we found 0.59 and 0.25 scores for ROUGE-1 and ROUGE-2, respectively achievable by the approach, where the genetic algorithm initialized by the Greedy algorithm results, which happens to yield the best results out of the tested approaches. Moreover, those scores appear to be higher than scores obtained by the current state-of-the-art text summarization models: the best score in the literature for ROUGE-1 on the same data set is 0.46. Therefore, we have room for the development of ETS methods, which are now undeservedly forgotten.
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The thirteenth edition of the workshop focused on the last developments on oncologic imaging techniques. Our goal was purposely large, consisting in bringing together chemists, biologists, physicists, pharmacists and physicians to discuss these imaging developments. The meeting focused in four main topics: i) the evolution of imaging modalities such as photoacoustic or the latest PET (positrons emission tomography) imaging progress; ii) the improvements in imaging process; iii) the numerous contributions of chemistry towards medical imaging and iv) novel approaches of nuclear medicine in therapeutic monitoring strategies and theranostic aspects.
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Medicina Nuclear , Tomografía Computarizada por Rayos X , Biomarcadores , Humanos , Imagen por Resonancia Magnética/métodos , Oncología Médica , Tomografía de Emisión de PositronesRESUMEN
Aldo-keto reductase family 1 member A (AKR1A) is an NADPH-dependent aldehyde reductase widely expressed in mammalian tissues. In this study, induced differentiation of MC3T3-E1 preosteoblasts was found to increase AKR1A gene expression concomitantly increased NOx- (nitrite + nitrate), increased glucose uptake, increased [NAD(P)+]/[NAD(P)H] and lactate production but decreased reactive oxygen species (ROS) without changes in endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) expression in differentiated osteoblasts (OBs). A study using gain- and loss-of-function MC3T3-E1 cells indicated that AKR1A is essential for modulating OB differentiation and gene expression of collagen 1 A1, receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa-B ligand, and osteoprotegerin in OBs. Immunofluorescence microscopy also revealed that changes in AKR1A expression altered extracellular collagen formation in differentiated OBs. Consistently, analyses of alkaline phosphatase activity and calcium deposits of matrix mineralization by Alizarin Red S staining verified that AKR1A is involved in the regulation of OB differentiation and bone matrix formation. In addition, AKR1A gene alterations affected the levels of NOx-, eNOS expression, glucose uptake, [NAD(P)+]/[NAD(P)H] dinucleotide redox couples, lactate production, and ROS in differentiated OBs. Herein, we report that AKR1A-mediated denitrosylation may play a role in the regulation of lactate metabolism as well as redox homeostasis in cells, providing an efficient way to quickly gain energy and to significantly reduce oxidative stress for OB differentiation.
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Aldehído Reductasa , Osteoprotegerina , Aldehído Reductasa/genética , Aldehído Reductasa/metabolismo , Aldehído Reductasa/farmacología , Aldo-Ceto Reductasas/metabolismo , Fosfatasa Alcalina/metabolismo , Animales , Calcio/metabolismo , Diferenciación Celular , Colágeno , Glucosa/metabolismo , Ácido Láctico/metabolismo , Ligandos , Mamíferos/metabolismo , NAD/metabolismo , NAD/farmacología , NADP/metabolismo , NADP/farmacología , Nitratos/metabolismo , Nitratos/farmacología , Óxido Nítrico Sintasa de Tipo III/metabolismo , Óxido Nítrico Sintasa de Tipo III/farmacología , Nitritos/metabolismo , Nitritos/farmacología , Osteoblastos/metabolismo , Osteoprotegerina/metabolismo , Osteoprotegerina/farmacología , Especies Reactivas de Oxígeno/metabolismoRESUMEN
The bacterial communities found in snow algae blooms have been described in terms of their 16S rRNA gene community profiles, but little information exists on their metabolic potential. Previously, we reported that several bacterial taxa are common across snow algae blooms in the southwestern mountains of the Coast Range in British Columbia, Canada. Here, we further this work by reporting a partial bacterial metagenome from the same snow algal microbiomes. Using shotgun metagenomic data, we constructed metagenomically assembled bacterial genomes (MAGs). Of the total 54 binned MAGs, 28 were bacterial and estimated to be at least 50% complete based on single copy core genes. The 28 MAGs fell into five classes: Actinomycetia, Alphaproteobacteria, Bacteroidia, Betaproteobacteria, and Gammaproteobacteria. All MAGs were assigned to a class, 27 to an order, 25 to a family, 18 to a genus, and none to species. MAGs showed the potential to support algal growth by synthesizing B-vitamins and growth hormones. There was also widespread adaptation to the low oxygen environment of biofilms, including synthesis of high-affinity terminal oxidases and anaerobic pathways for cobalamin synthesis. Also notable were the absence of N2 fixation, and the presence of incomplete denitrification pathways suggestive of NO signalling within the microbiome.
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Metagenoma , Microbiota , Bacterias/genética , Metagenómica , Microbiota/genética , ARN Ribosómico 16S/genéticaRESUMEN
Jung's The Black Books are annotations of his inner world after his process of self-experimentation, which he called his 'confrontation with the unconscious'. They preceded The Red Book in which, as a scribe, he reworked his initial notes and drawings. This was the raw material for the work that Jung developed over the rest of his life. From his experimentation, he formulated the method of active imagination and the concept of the transcendent function, a psychological function that creates symbols and integrates the unconscious contents in consciousness. Jung invites us, with his experience, to write and paint our own Black Books and to explore our inner images. With this proposal to keep a journal as a loom of life, we welcome his invitation, which allows us to weave and integrate the visible and invisible substances of our lives. Our intention for the journalling is to provide a space for the unfolding of the individuation process. In Jung's invitation we see that a life that does not confront itself cannot be realized as such.
Les Livres Noirs de Jung sont des annotations sur son monde intérieur suite à son processus d'expérimentation sur lui-même, qu'il a appelé sa « confrontation avec l'inconscient ¼. Ils ont précédé le Livre Rouge dans lequel, comme un scribe, il retravailla ses notes et dessins initiaux. Ce fut le matériel brut pour le travail que Jung développa jusqu'à la fin de sa vie. A partir de son expérimentation, il formula la méthode d'imagination active et le concept de fonction transcendante, une fonction psychologique qui crée des symboles et intègre les contenus inconscients dans la conscience. Par son expérience Jung nous invite à écrire et à peindre nos propres Livres Noirs et à explorer nos images intérieures. Avec cette proposition de tenir un journal en tant que métier à tisser de la vie, nous accueillons son invitation, qui nous permet de tisser et d'intégrer les substances visibles et invisibles de nos vies. Notre intention dans cette expérience de tenir un journal est de fournir un espace pour le déploiement du processus d'individuation. Dans l'invitation de Jung nous voyons qu'une vie qui ne se confronte pas à elle-même ne peut pas se réaliser en tant que telle.
Los Libros Negros de Jung son anotaciones de su mundo interno tras su proceso de auto experimentación, al que denominó su "confrontación con lo inconsciente". Estos antecedieron al Libro Rojo, en el que como un escriba reelaboraba sus notas y dibujos iniciales. Esta fue la materia prima del trabajo que Jung desarrolló por el resto de su vida. A partir de su experimentación formuló el método de la imaginación activa y el concepto de la función transcendente, función psicológica creadora de símbolos e integradora de contenidos inconscientes en la conciencia. Jung nos invita con su experiencia a escribir nuestros propios Libros Negros y a explorar nuestras imágenes interiores. Con nuestra propuesta de llevar un diario como telar de la vida hemos acogido esta invitación, que nos permite, tejer e integrar la sustancia visible e invisible de nuestras vidas. Nuestra intención con el diario es facilitar un espacio para el desenvolvimiento del proceso de individuación. En la invitación de Jung vemos que una vida que no se confronte consigo misma, no se puede realizar como tal.
Os Livros Negros de Jung são anotações de seu mundo interior após seu processo de autoexperimentação, que ele chamou de seu "confronto com o inconsciente". Eles precederam o Livro Vermelho no qual, como escriba, ele reformulou suas notas e desenhos iniciais. Esta foi a matéria-prima para o trabalho que Jung desenvolveu pelo resto de sua vida. A partir de sua experimentação, ele formulou o método da imaginação ativa e o conceito de função transcendente, uma função psicológica que cria símbolos e integra os conteúdos inconscientes na consciência. Jung nos convida, com sua experiência, a escrever e pintar nossos próprios Livros Negros e explorar nossas imagens internas. Com esta proposta de manter um diário como um tear da vida, saudamos seu convite, que nos permite tecer e integrar as substâncias visíveis e invisíveis de nossas vidas. Nossa intenção para o diário é fornecer um espaço para o desdobramento do processo de individuação. No convite de Jung, vemos que uma vida que não se confronta não pode ser realizada como tal.
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Teoría Junguiana , Estado de Conciencia , Humanos , Imaginación , Individualismo , Masculino , EscrituraRESUMEN
BACKGROUND: Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is declared in 3 to 6 % of postpartum women (PP) and up to 18.5 % in cases of complications of pregnancy or childbirth. The objective of this study is to assess the prevalence of PTSD after a red code cesarean section and to identify the risk factors among the prenatal vulnerability factors, the birth alert factors and the maintenance factors in PP. METHOD: A phone or computerized questionnaire including an Questionnaire de stress immédiat and the Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Checklist for DSM-5 was offered to patients who had a red code cesarean section between 05/12/2015 and 02/28/2021 at the University South Hospital of Reunion Island. RESULTS: Among the 555 cesarean sections selected, 329 parturients responded. The prevalence of PTSD was 20.1 % and was stable over time. The 2 risk factors found were the negative experience of childbirth and the proven traumatic experience. Prenatal vunerability factors were not found to be statistically significant. Almost 3 in 4 women had not been informed of the risk of cesarean section and more than 1 in 2 women did not have an explanation in PP. CONCLUSION: Red code cesarean sections cause PTSD in 1 in 5 women. This lasting disorder can last up to 6 years after childbirth. This indicates the seriousness of this disorder and the need to prevent it. The risk of developing it is 4 times greater in the event of a traumatic experience proven in the Questionnaire de stress immédiat. Offering this questionnaire in the maternity could be an important element of secondary prevention. The role of health personnel remains essential.
Asunto(s)
Trastornos por Estrés Postraumático , Cesárea/efectos adversos , Femenino , Humanos , Incidencia , Parto , Embarazo , Factores de Riesgo , Trastornos por Estrés Postraumático/epidemiología , Encuestas y CuestionariosRESUMEN
Polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA)-derived bioactive lipid mediators called oxylipins have been shown to influence muscle growth, inflammation and repair in select muscles. Since individual oxylipins have varying effects and potencies, broad profiling in differing muscle types is required to further understand their overall effects. In addition, diet and sex are key determinants of oxylipin levels. Therefore, to provide comprehensive data on oxylipin profiles in rat soleus (SO), red gastrocnemius (RG), and white gastrocnemius (WG) muscles, female and male weanling Sprague-Dawley rats were provided control or experimental diets enriched in n-3 (ω-3) or n-6 (ω-6) PUFA for 6 weeks. Free oxylipin analysis by HPLC/MS/MS revealed that SO muscle had 25% more oxylipins and 4-13 times greater oxylipin mass than WG muscle. Dietary n-3 PUFA (α-linolenic acid, eicosapentaenoic acid, and docosahexaenoic acid) each increased n-3 oxylipins derived directly from their precursors and several that were not direct precursors, while reducing arachidonic acid derived oxylipins. Dietary linoleic acid had few effects on oxylipins. Oxylipins with a sex effect were higher in females in SO and RG. Oxylipins generally reflected the effects of diet and sex on PUFA, but there were exceptions. These fundamental oxylipin profile data provide groundwork knowledge and context for future research on muscle oxylipin functions. Novelty: Rat SO compared with RG and WG muscles have a higher number and greater mass of oxylipins. Oxylipins generally reflect diet effects on PUFA in all muscles, but there are notable exceptions. Oxylipins in SO and RG are higher in females.
Asunto(s)
Grasas de la Dieta/metabolismo , Fibras Musculares de Contracción Rápida/metabolismo , Fibras Musculares de Contracción Lenta/metabolismo , Oxilipinas/metabolismo , Factores de Edad , Animales , Femenino , Masculino , Distribución Aleatoria , Ratas Sprague-Dawley , Caracteres SexualesRESUMEN
By using paired molecular and antibody testing for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infection, we determined point prevalence and seroprevalence in Louisiana, USA, during the second phase of reopening. Infections were highly variable by race and ethnicity, work environment, and ZIP code. Census-weighted seroprevalence was 3.6%, and point prevalence was 3.0%.