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BACKGROUND: Brazil has a large public transplant program, but it remains unclear if the kidney waitlist criteria effectively allocate organs. This study aimed to investigate whether gender, ethnicity, clinical characteristics, and Brazilian regions affect the chance of deceased donor kidney transplant (DDKT). METHODS: We conducted a retrospective cohort study using the National Transplant System/Brazil database, which included all patients on the kidney transplant waitlist from January 2012 to December 2022, followed until May 2023. The primary outcome assessed was the chance of DDKT, measured using subdistribution hazard and cause-specific hazard models (subdistribution hazard ratio [sHR]). RESULTS: We analyzed 118 617 waitlisted patients over a 10-year study period. Male patients had an sHR of 1.07 ([95% CI: 1.05-1.10], p < 0.001), indicating a higher chance of DDTK. Patients of mixed race and Yellow/Indigenous ethnicity had lower rates of receiving a transplant compared to Caucasian patients, with sHR of 0.97 (95% CI: 0.95-1) and 0.89 (95% CI: 0.95-1), respectively. Patients from the South region had the highest chance of DDKT, followed by those from the Midwest and Northeast, compared to patients from the Southeast, with sHR of 2.53 (95% CI: 2.47-2.61), 1.21 (95% CI: 1.16-1.27), and 1.10 (95% CI: 1.07-1.13), respectively. The North region had the lowest chance of DDTK, sHR of 0.29 (95% CI: 0.27-0.31). CONCLUSION: We found that women and racial minorities faced disadvantages in kidney transplantation. Additionally, we observed regional disparities, with the North region having the lowest chance of DDKT and longer times on dialysis before being waitlisted. In contrast, patients in the South regions had a chance of DDKT and shorter times on dialysis before being waitlisted. It is urgent to implement approaches to enhance transplant capacity in the North region and address race and gender disparities in transplantation.

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Purpose: This study aimed to evaluate racial disparities in medication use and associated factors among pregnant women receiving prenatal care at Brazilian Unified Health System primary care health units in the northeast region. Patients and Methods: A total of 1058 pregnant women in the NISAMI Cohort were interviewed between June 2012 and February 2014. Medicines used during pregnancy were classified according to the Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical (ATC) classification system and ANVISA pregnancy risk categories. Prevalence ratios (crude and adjusted) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were estimated using Poisson regression with robust error variance. All analyses were stratified by race (Asian, black, brown/mixed, Brazilian indigenous, and white). Results: Approximately 84% of the pregnant women used at least one medication, with a lower proportion among white women. The most reported medications were antianemic preparations (71.08%; 95% CI 68.27-73.72%), analgesics (21.74%; 95% CI 19.36-24.32%), and drugs for functional gastrointestinal disorders (18.81%; 95% CI 16.57-21.28%). Approximately 29% of women took potentially risky medications during pregnancy, with a higher prevalence among Asian and white women. Factors associated with medication use during pregnancy include a greater number of prenatal consultations, higher education levels, health problems, and smoking. In addition, maternal age above 25 years, smoking status, and two or more previous pregnancies were associated with potentially risky medication use during pregnancy. Conclusion: A high prevalence of medication use during pregnancy was found; however, this prevalence was lower among white women. Nonetheless, black and brown women used antianemic preparations less frequently. This finding suggests that race is a factor of inequity in prenatal care, demanding public policies to mitigate it.

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BACKGROUND: The literature contains scarce data on inequalities in growth trajectories among children born to mothers of diverse ethnoracial background in the first 5 years of life. OBJECTIVE: We aimed to investigate child growth according to maternal ethnoracial group using a nationwide Brazilian database. METHODS: A population-based retrospective cohort study employed linked data from the CIDACS Birth Cohort and the Brazilian Food and Nutrition Surveillance System (SISVAN). Children born at term, aged 5 years or younger who presented two or more measurements of length/height (cm) and weight (kg) were followed up between 2008 and 2017. Prevalence of stunting, underweight, wasting, and thinness were estimated. Nonlinear mixed effect models were used to estimate childhood growth trajectories, among different maternal ethnoracial groups (White, Asian descent, Black, Pardo, and Indigenous), using the raw measures of weight (kg) and height (cm) and the length/height-for-age (L/HAZ) and weight-for-age z-scores (WAZ). The analyses were also adjusted for mother's age, educational level, and marital status. RESULTS: A total of 4,090,271 children were included in the study. Children of Indigenous mothers exhibited higher rates of stunting (26.74%) and underweight (5.90%). Wasting and thinness were more prevalent among children of Pardo, Asian, Black, and Indigenous mothers than those of White mothers. Regarding children's weight (kg) and length/height (cm), those of Indigenous, Pardo, Black, and Asian descent mothers were on average shorter and weighted less than White ones. Regarding WAZ and L/HAZ growth trajectories, a sharp decline in average z-scores was evidenced in the first weeks of life, followed by a period of recovery. Over time, z-scores for most of the subgroups analyzed trended below zero. Children of mother in greater social vulnerability showed less favorable growth. CONCLUSION: We observed racial disparities in nutritional status and childhood growth trajectories, with children of Indigenous mothers presenting less favorable outcomes compared to their White counterparts. The strengthening of policies aimed at protecting Indigenous children should be urgently undertaken to address systematic ethnoracial health inequalities.

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Resumo O objetivo deste estudo é investigar a associação entre iniquidades raciais e condição de saúde bucal. Trata-se de revisão sistemática com protocolo cadastrado na plataforma prospero (CRD42021228417), com buscas realizadas em bases de dados eletrônicas e na literatura cinzenta. Identificou-se 3.028 publicações e após aplicação dos critérios de elegibilidade e análise do risco de vieses, 18 estudos foram selecionados. Os resultados indicam que indivíduos de raça/cor da pele preta/parda apresentam condições de saúde bucal desfavorável, representada principalmente pela autoavaliação de saúde bucal, perda dentária, cárie e periodontite. Os resultados evidenciaram iniquidades raciais em saúde bucal em diferentes países, para todos os indicadores analisados, com maior vulnerabilidade da população negra.

Abstract The present study aimed to investigate the association between racial iniquities and oral health status. This is a systematic review with a protocol registered on the Prospero Platform (CRD42021228417), with searches carried out in electronic databases and in gray literature. Our study identified 3,028 publications. After applying the eligibility criteria and risk of bias analysis, 18 studies were selected. The results indicate that individuals of black/brown race/skin color have unfavorable oral health conditions, mainly represented by self-rated oral health, tooth loss, caries, and periodontitis. The results showed racial iniquities in oral health in different countries, for all analyzed indicators, with a greater vulnerability of the black population.

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OBJECTIVE: The objective of the study was to evaluate how gender, socioeconomic position (SEP), race/ethnicity and nationality intersect to structure social inequalities in adult oral health among American adults. METHODS: Data from adults aged 20 years or over who participated in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2009-2018 were analysed. The outcomes were poor self-rated oral health and edentulism among all adults (n = 24 541 and 21 446 participants, respectively) and untreated caries and periodontitis among dentate adults (n = 16 483 and 9829 participants, respectively). A multilevel analysis of individual heterogeneity and discriminatory accuracy (MAIHDA) was conducted for each outcome, by nesting individuals within 48 intersectional strata defined as combinations of gender, SEP, race/ethnicity and nationality. Intersectional measures included the variance partition coefficient (VPC), the proportional change in variance (PCV) and predicted excess probability due to interaction. RESULTS: Substantial social inequalities in the prevalence of oral conditions among adults were found, which were characterized by high between-stratum heterogeneity and outcome specificity. The VPCs of the simple intersectional model showed that 9.4%-12.7% of the total variance in the presentation of oral conditions was attributed to between-stratum differences. In addition, the PCVs from the simple intersectional model to the intersectional interaction model showed that 84.1%-97.1% of the stratum-level variance in the presentation of oral conditions was attributed to the additive effects of gender, SEP, race/ethnicity and nationality. The point estimates of the predictions for some intersectional strata were suggestive of an intersectional interaction effect. However, the 95% credible intervals were very wide and the estimations inconclusive. CONCLUSIONS: This analysis highlights the value of the intersectionality framework to understand heterogeneity in social inequalities in oral health. These inequalities were mainly due to the additive effect of the social identities defining the intersectional strata, with no evidence of interaction effects.

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Objetivo: analisar a relação entre a raça/cor da pele e a morbimortalidade por COVID-19 no estado de São Paulo-SP. Métodos: Estudo ecológico, retrospectivo e analítico, cujos dados foram coletados no Sistema Estadual de Análise de Dados (SEADE) do Governo do Estado de São Paulo e correspondem ao período de fevereiro de 2020 a setembro de 2021. Na análise de dados, utilizou-se o modelo de regressão com distribuição binomial-negativa múltipla, para comparar a incidência e a mortalidade específica entre as raças/cores de pele. Resultados: ao se compararem as curvas de incidência de COVID-19, houve diferença estatística significativa entre as comparações de todos os grupos de raça/cor da pele. Na comparação entre tendências branca vs parda, o resultado foi p = 0,007; na comparação entre tendências branca vs preta, p = <0,001; na comparação entre tendências parda vs preta, p = 0,003. Porém, quando foram comparadas as tendências de incidência por sexo e faixa etária e as tendências de óbito, não houve diferença estatística. Conclusão: a raça/cor da pele influenciou nas curvas de incidência geral por COVID-19 no estado de São Paulo, porém a não associação com a mortalidade pode estar relacionada com a falta de informação sobre raça/cor/etnia nas fichas de notificação, afetando consequentemente sua disponibilidade nos sistemas de informação, o que reforça a importância da divulgação de dados epidemiológicos oficiais de qualidade.(AU)

Objective: to analyze the relationship between ethnicity/skin color and morbi-mortality from COVID-19 in the state of São Paulo-SP. Methods: ecological, retrospective, and analytical study, whose data were collected from the State Data Analysis System (SE-ADE) of the Government of the State of São Paulo, covering from February 2020 to September 2021. Data analysis used a regression model with multiple binomial negative distribution, to compare the incidence and mortality specific between ethnicities/skin colors. Results: a comparison between the incidence curves of COVID-19 showed a signi-ficant statistical difference between all groups of ethnicity/skin color. In the comparison of trends between white and brown, the result was p = 0.007; in the comparison of trends between white and black, it was p = 0.001; in the comparison of trends between brown and black, p = 0.003. However, when we compare the trends of incidence per sex and age group with death trends, there was no statistical difference. Conclusion: ethnicity/skin color has influenced general incidence curves by COVID-19 in São Paulo. The fact that it was not associated with mortality can be related with the lack of information about ethnicity/color in notification forms, thus affecting the availability of such data in information systems, which reiterates the importance of publicizing quality official epidemiological data.(AU)

Objetivo: analizar la relación entre la raza/color de piel y la morbimortalidad por Covid-19 en el estado de São Paulo-SP.Métodos: estudio ecológico, retrospectivo y analítico, cuyos datos fueron recolectados en el Sistema Estatal de Análisis de Datos (SEADE) del Gobierno del Estado de São Paulo y corresponden al período de febrero de 2020 a septiembre de 2021. Para el análisis de datos se utilizó el modelo de regresión con distribución binomial-negativa múltiple para comparar la incidencia y la mortalidad específica entre las razas/colores de piel.Resultados: al comparar las curvas de incidencia de Covid-19, hubo una diferencia estadística significativa entre las comparaciones de todos los grupos de raza/color de piel, siendo que en la comparación entre tendencias blanca vs parda p= 0,007; comparación entre tendencias blanca vs negra p= <0,001; comparación entre tendencias parda vs negra p= 0,003. Sin embargo, cuando se compararon las tendencias de incidencia por sexo y grupo etario y las tendencias de muerte, no hubo diferencia estadística. Conclusión: la raza/color de piel influyó en las curvas de incidencia general por Covid-19 en el estado de São Paulo, sin embargo, la no-asociación con la mortalidad puede estar relacionada con la falta de información sobre raza/color/etnia en las fichas de notificación, y consecuentemente su disponibilidad en los sistemas de información, reforzando la importancia de la divulgación de datos epidemiológicos oficiales de calidad.(AU)

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RESUMO A categoria raça não faz parte da tradição de produção científica em Saúde do Trabalhador (ST) no Brasil. Em geral, pesquisas enfocando relações étnico-raciais e trabalho referem-se às barreiras de acesso ao mercado de trabalho/emprego e de ascensão na carreira, e a ações discriminatórias e preconceituosas nos ambientes de trabalho, a maioria oriunda do campo das ciências sociais. O fato de que os sistemas de informação em saúde só mais recentemente têm tido a preocupação de coletar e qualificar o dado racial contribui para esse cenário. Do mesmo modo, a raça ainda permanece invisibilizada na formação em ST e nos cursos de pós-graduação stricto sensu. Este relato de experiência visa apresentar reflexão sobre a inclusão recente de disciplina sobre marcadores sociais e trabalho em programa de saúde pública, analisando aspectos significativos da prática docente e os desafios da incorporação da raça e outros eixos de poder e opressão no debate da área de ST. Diante das desigualdades sociais e injustiças em uma sociedade estruturalmente racista como a brasileira, não há como a ST desconsiderar o racismo na produção de conhecimento sobre o trabalho e sua incorporação no debate, visando à superação do capitalismo que explora, adoece e mata trabalhadoras(es) negras(os).

ABSTRACT The race category is not part of the tradition of scientific production in Occupational Health (OH) in Brazil. In general, studies of ethnic-racial relations and work refer to barriers to accessing the labor/employment market and career advancement, and discriminatory and prejudiced relationships and actions in work environments, most of which come from the field of social sciences. Contributing to this scenario is the fact that health information systems have only recently been concerned with collecting and qualifying racial data. Likewise, race still remains invisible in OH training and stricto sensu postgraduate courses. This experience report aims to present a reflection on the recent inclusion of a class on social markers and work in a public health postgraduate program, analyzing significant aspects of teaching practice and the challenges of incorporating race and other axes of power and oppression into the debate in the field of OH. Faced with social inequalities and injustices in a structurally racist society like Brazil, there is no way for OH to disregard racism in the production of knowledge about work and its incorporation in the debate aimed at overcoming capitalism that exploits, sickens, and kills black workers.

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Objective: to analyze the trend of incompleteness of the maternal schooling and race/skin color variables held on the Brazilian Live Birth Information System (SINASC) between 2012 and 2020. Methods: this was an ecological time series study of the incompleteness of maternal schooling and race/skin color data for Brazil, its regions and Federative Units, by means of joinpoint regression and calculation of annual percentage change (APC) and average annual percentage change. Results: a total of 26,112,301 births were registered in Brazil in the period; incompleteness of maternal schooling data decreased for Brazil (APC = -8.1%) and the Southeast (APC = -19.5%) and Midwest (APC = -17.6%) regions; as for race/skin color, there was a downward trend for Brazil (APC = -8.2%) and all regions, except the Northeast region, while nine Federative Units and the Federal District showed a stationary trend. Conclusion: there was an improvement in filling out these variables on the SINASC, but with regional disparities, mainly for race/skin color.

Objetivo: analizar la tendencia de incompletitud de educación y raza/color de piel materna en el Sistema de Información de Nacidos Vivo (Sinasc), Brasil, entre 2012-2020. Métodos: estudio ecológico de serie temporal sobre la incompletitud de la educación y raza/color de piel materna para Brasil, regiones y Unidades de la Federación (UF), a través de regresión de joinpoint y cálculo de cambio porcentual anual (APC) y cambio porcentual anual promedio Resultados: se registraron 26.112.301 nacimientos en Brasil en el período. Brasil (APC = -8,1%) y regiones Sudeste (APC = -19,5%) y Centro-Oeste (APC = -17,6%) disminuirán la incompletud de la educación materna. En cuanto a raza/color de piel, hubo un descenso para Brasil (APC = -8,2%) y todas las regiones, excepto Nordeste, y nueve UF y Distrito Federal presentaron tendencia estacionaria. Conclusión: e llenado das variables en el Sinasc ha mejorado, pero con disparidades regionales, principalmente por raza/color de piel.

Objetivo: analisar a tendência da incompletude das variáveis escolaridade e raça/cor da pele da mãe no Sistema de Informações sobre Nascidos Vivos (Sinasc), Brasil, entre 2012 e 2020. Métodos: estudo ecológico de série temporal sobre a incompletude da escolaridade e da raça/cor da pele da mãe para o Brasil, suas macrorregiões e Unidades da Federação, pela regressão por joinpoint, e cálculo da variação percentual anual (VPA) e da variação percentual anual média. Resultados: foram registrados 26.112.301 nascimentos no Brasil, no período; no país (VPA = -8,1%) e em suas regiões Sudeste (VPA = -19,5%) e Centro-Oeste (VPA = -17,6%), houve redução da incompletude da escolaridade materna; quanto à raça/cor da pele da mãe, observou-se queda para o Brasil (VPA = -8,2%) e todas as suas regiões, exceto o Nordeste, e nove UFs e o Distrito Federal com tendência estável. Conclusão: o preenchimento das variáveis no Sinasc melhorou, porém com disparidades regionais, principalmente quanto à raça/cor da pele.

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Objetivo: descrever os anos potenciais de vida perdidos (APVPs) por aids na população do sexo feminino e analisar sua associação com raça/cor da pele e indicadores de vulnerabilidade social em Porto Alegre/RS, Brasil. Métodos: estudo descritivo, considerando-se os óbitos do sexo feminino por aids em 2007-2017; os dados foram obtidos no banco do Sistema de Informações sobre Mortalidade; foram calculados valores brutos e taxas de APVPs por 1 mil óbitos, considerando-se os distritos sanitários e a raça/cor da pele. Resultados: entre 1.539 óbitos, foram estimados cerca de 51 mil anos potenciais de vida, representando 86,5 anos perdidos/1 mil pessoas do sexo feminino; identificou-se maior proporção de óbitos naquelas de raça/cor da pele branca (53,4%); porém, maior taxa de APVPs ocorreu para as de raça/cor da pele preta/parda residentes em regiões de maior vulnerabilidade. Conclusão: os resultados sugerem o impacto de desigualdades raciais na diminuição dos anos potenciais de vida, em função do óbito por aids.

Objetivo: describir los años potenciales de vida perdidos (APVP) por SIDA en la población femenina y analizar la asociación con raza/color e indicadores de vulnerabilidad social en Porto Alegre/RS, Brasil. Métodos: estudio descriptivo considerando muertes por SIDA en el sexo femenino entre 2007 y 2017; los datos se obtuvieron de la base de datos del sistema de información de mortalidad; los valores brutos y las tasas de APVP por cada 1 mil muertes se calcularon considerando los distritos de salud y la raza/color de piel. Resultados: entre 1.539 muertes, se perdieron 51.000 años potenciales de vida, lo que representa 86,5 años perdidos por cada 1 mil personas del sexo femenino; se identificó una mayor proporción de muertes para la raza blanca/color de piel (53,4%), pero una mayor tasa de APVP entre las negras que viven en regiones de mayor vulnerabilidad. Conclusión: los resultados sugieren el impacto de las desigualdades raciales en la reducción de los años potenciales de vida, por muerte por SIDA.

Objective: to describe the years of potential life lost (YPLL) due to AIDS among the female population and analyze its association with race/skin color and social vulnerability indicators in Porto Alegre, capital city of the state of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. Methods: this was a descriptive study that took into consideration AIDS deaths in female between 2007 and 2017; data were obtained from the Mortality Information System; crude values and YPLL rates per 1,000 deaths were calculated, taking into consideration health districts and race/skin color. Results: of the 1,539 deaths, approximately 51,000 years of potential life were estimated, representing 86.5 years lost/1,000 female; it could be seen a higher proportion of deaths among female of White race/ skin color (53.4%); however, a higher rate of YPLL was found among female of Black and mixed race/skin color living in regions of greater vulnerability. Conclusion: the results suggest the impact of racial inequalities on the decrease in years of potential life due to AIDS deaths.

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RESUMO Objetivo desvelar as vulnerabilidades de mulheres em situação de rua vinculadas aos marcadores sociais de gênero e raça/cor. Métodos estudo qualitativo, desenvolvido com dez mulheres em situação de rua por meio de observação participante, diário de campo e aplicação de questionário sociodemográfico, sistematizados com base na análise de conteúdo. Resultados verificou-se que a identidade de gênero e a raça/cor atuam como potencializadores da situação de vulnerabilidade das mulheres. Acredita-se que o racismo estrutural e o machismo se retroalimentam nas ruas e se perpetuam em um ciclo perverso de negação de direitos às mulheres, que se potencializa pela omissão do Estado e extensa desigualdade social e econômica. Conclusão o gênero e a raça/cor potencializam as vulnerabilidades de mulheres em situação de rua que interseccionam as condições sociais precárias, a negação de direitos e favorecem o adoecimento. Contribuições para a prática: apresentar informações que possibilitem reflexões e criação de estratégias de cuidado dispensado às mulheres em situação de rua, compreendidas em suas singularidades.

ABSTRACT Objective to unveil the vulnerabilities of homeless women linked to the social markers of gender and race/color. Methods qualitative study, developed with ten homeless women through participant observation, field diary, and sociodemographic questionnaire, systematized based on content analysis. Results it was found that gender identity and race/color act as potentiators of the situation of vulnerability of women. It is believed that structural racism and machismo feed back into the streets and perpetuate themselves in a perverse cycle of denial of women's rights, which is potentiated by the omission of the State and extensive social and economic inequality. Conclusion gender and race/color potentiate the vulnerabilities of homeless women that intersect precarious social conditions, denial of rights, and favor illness. Contributions to practice: to present information that enables reflections and creation of care strategies for homeless women, understood in their singularities.

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Objectives: To describe the changes occurred in some sociodemographic variables and in the living conditions among the Nasa, Guambiana and Afrocolombian populations in the northern region of the department of Cauca, and those occurred in two white-mestizo and black residential sectors in Cali, during the 1993-2005 period.Methods: It is a descriptive study for which several sociodemographic indicators were calculated through the processing of census microdata of the years 1993 and 2005: juvenile dependency rate; total masculinity index; mean household size; specific and global fecundity, and infant mortality rates; life expectancy; mean years of schooling; health coverage; and percentage of population with unmet basic needs (UBN). In this way, the notorious differences in the sociodemographic and standard of living trends between the different populations under study can be stressed.Results: The Guambiana population of the Silva town presents lower fertility rates than the Nasa population, still characterized for presenting early fertility rates. Unlike the northern Cauca Indian people, the Afrocolombian population from this region and the one resident in Cali’s black popular urban classes tends to show similar socio-demographic patterns.Conclusions: Although there have been deep changes during this period among the populations under study, the ethnic-racial inequalities seem to persist. From this first diagnosis, attention is called to the need for a more adequate reproductive health policy to attend the specific needs present among the Indian population

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OBJECTIVES: To describe the changes that occurred in some patterns of socio-demographic variables and in living conditions among the Nasa, Guambiana and Afrocolombian populations in the northern region of the Department of Cauca, and those occurring in two residential communities, one white-mestizo and one black, in Cali during the 1993-2005 period. METHODS: This paper presents a descriptive study that analyzes several socio-demographic indicators from the census of 1993 and 2005, the specific data include: rate of juvenile dependency; total masculinity index; average size of the household; specific global and local birth rates, and infant mortality rates; life expectancy at birth; average years of schooling; health cover age status; and percentage of the population with unmet basic needs (UBN). In this way, it is possible to note differences in the course of socio-demographic evolution and in the standard of living trends in the differing populations under study. RESULTS: The Guambiana Indian population in the municipality of Silvia presents lower birth rates than the Nasa population, characterized by their seasonal birth rates. Differing from the pattern of the indigenous people of Northern Cauca, the Afro-Colombian population both from this region and from the population residing in the urban zones of Cali's tend to show similar socio-demographic patterns. CONCLUSIONS: Although there have been profound changes recorded during this period among these populations under study, the ethnic-racial inequalities and those of social class seem to persist. From this first diagnosis, attention is called to the need for a more adequate reproductive health policy to attend the specific needs presented by the indigenous population.

OBJETIVOS: Describir las transformaciones ocurridas en los patrones sociodemográficos y en las condiciones de vida de las poblaciones Nasa, Guambiana y afrocolombiana en el norte del departamento del Cauca, y la de dos sectores residenciales en Cali, uno blanco-mestizo y otro negro, durante el período 1993-2005. MÉTODOS: Se trata de un estudio descriptivo a partir de los censos de población de 1993 y 2005, que analiza varios indicadores socio demográficos, procesando los microdatos censales: tasa de dependencia juvenil; índice total de masculinidad; tamaño promedio del hogar; tasas de fecundidad global y específicas, y de mortalidad infantil; esperanza de vida al nacer; promedio de años de estudio; cobertura en salud; y porcentaje de población con necesidades básicas insatisfechas. Así, es posible encontrar la existencia de diferencias notorias en la evolución sociodemográfica y en las condiciones de vida de las distintas poblaciones bajo análisis. RESULTADOS: La población Guambiana del municipio de Silvia presenta tasas de fecundidad menores en comparación con la población Nasa, caracterizada por presentar tasas de fecundidad temprana. A diferencia de los pueblos indígenas norte caucanos, la población afrocolombiana de esta región y la residente en la zona urbana de Cali de clases populares negras tienden a presentar similares patrones sociodemográficos. CONCLUSIONES: No obstante las profundas transformaciones registradas en este período entre estas poblaciones, las desigualdades étnico-raciales y de clase social parecieran persistir. A partir de este primer diagnóstico, se advierte la necesidad de una política de salud reproductiva más adecuada para las necesidades específicas que presenta la población indígena.