RESUMEN

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: The short-term evolution of pediatric migraine remains unclear. We aimed to describe the evolution of migraine before and after puberty and its relationship with lifestyle habits. METHODS: We prospectively selected prepuberal patients from a neuropediatric unit who had a migraine diagnosis. Their medical history, migraine characteristics and impact, and lifestyle habits were recorded at the baseline visit. After 2 years we performed a telephone follow-up assessment. RESULTS: Nineteen patients were recruited (age 10.2±2.9 years, mean±SD; 57.9% female), of whom 27.5% had migraine with aura. The accompanying symptoms had changed at the follow-up, with significantly higher prevalence rates of dizziness (44.4% vs. 88.9%), vertigo (11.1% vs. 66.7%), mood changes (38.9% vs 83.3%), confusion (5.6% vs. 77.8%), and allodynia (27.8% vs. 61.1%). Sleep disturbances (5.6% vs. 38.9%) and schedule changes (0% vs. 38.9%) increased significantly as triggers. Prodromal symptoms became more prevalent (16.7% vs. 50%), with a higher proportion of sleep disturbances reported (50.0% vs. 87.5%). CONCLUSIONS: Prodromal symptoms increase in pediatric migraine after 2 years, and some trigger factors for migraine become more prevalent, including sleep disturbances. New accompanying symptoms are also identified. These changes provide information about how migraine changes during puberty along with physical and lifestyle changes, and represent a dynamic physiopathological process that deserves more research.

RESUMEN

En el presente trabajo, nos preguntamos acerca de la aparición de patología orgánica que afecta los órganos reproductores en el momento de la pubertad ­ adolescencia, a partir de la práctica clínica de orientación psicoanalítica desarrollada en el marco del Programa de la Facultad de Psicología en el Hospital de Clínicas que tiene lugar en dicho Hospital y que concierne a las investigaciones PROINPSI "La adolescencia y el déficit en los procesos de simbolización" y "La incidencia de la época actual en el déficit de los recursos subjetivos para la elaboración psíquica en la pubertad" ­en proceso de aprobación-. La maduración biológica que da inicio a la pubertad-adolescencia, implica la posibilidad de la reproducción sexuada que Freud plantea como ligada a la muerte puesto que el viviente se reproduce y muere. En nuestro trabajo realizamos un planteo acerca de cómo se presenta lo real en aquel los casos donde la respuesta frente a la castración es el rechazo, y que tiene como consecuencia, desde la perspectiva psicoanalítica, la enfermedad del órgano facilitado. Se trata de un punto forclusivo que no implica necesariamente el rechazo del significante del Nombre del Padre.

---

In the present work we wonder about the appearance of organic pathology that affects reproductive organs during puberty ­ adolescence, from the psychoanalytically oriented clinical practice developed under the Program of the School of Psychology of the University of Buenos Aires in the Hospital de Clinicas. This program takes place in this Hospital and it concerns the PROINPSI (Program for the Promotion of Research of the School of Psychology of the University of Buenos Aires) investigation projects: "Adolescence and the deficit in the processes of symbolization" and "The incidence of the current epoch in the deficit of subjective resources for the psychic processing in puberty". The biological maturation which initiates puberty ­ adolescence, implies the possibility of sexual reproduction. Freud says that sexual reproduction is linked to death because the living being reproduces and dies. In this paper, we try to propound how the real is presented in those cases in which the answer to castration is rejection, which, from the psychoanalytic perspective, has the disease of the provided organ as a consequence. It is a foreclusive response which does not necessarily implies the rejection of the Name-of-the-Father signifier.

Asunto(s)

Humanos , Patología , Pubertad , Psicología del Adolescente , Servicios Básicos de Salud

RESUMEN

Exposure to stress during puberty can lead to long-term behavioral alterations in adult rodents coincident with sex steroid hormone-dependent brain remodeling and reorganization. Social isolation is a stress for social animals like mice, but little is known about the effects of such stress during adolescence on later reproductive behaviors. The present study examined sexual behavior of ovariectomized, estradiol and progesterone primed female mice that were individually housed from 25 days of age until testing at approximately 95 days, or individually housed from day 25 until day 60 (during puberty), followed by housing in social groups. Mice in these isolated groups were compared to females that were group housed throughout the experiment. Receptive sexual behaviors of females and behaviors of stimulus males were recorded. Females housed in social groups displayed greater levels of receptive behaviors in comparison to both socially isolated groups. Namely, social females had higher lordosis quotients (LQs) and more often displayed stronger lordosis postures in comparison to isolated females. No differences between female groups were observed in stimulus male sexual behavior suggesting that female "attractiveness" was not affected by their social isolation. Females housed in social groups had fewer cells containing immunoreactive estrogen receptor (ER) α in the anteroventral periventricular nucleus (AVPV) and in the ventromedial nucleus of the hypothalamus (VMH) than both isolated groups. These results suggest that isolation during adolescence affects female sexual behavior and re-socialization for 1 month in adulthood is insufficient to rescue lordosis behavior from the effects of social isolation during the pubertal period.

RESUMEN

Sex steroid hormones secreted by gonads influence development and expression of many behaviors including parental behaviors. The capacity to display many behaviors develops under the influence of sex steroid hormones; it begins with gonadal differentiation and lasts through puberty. The timing of gonadectomy may have important and long lasting effects on the organization and activation of neural circuits regulating the expression of different behaviors. The present study investigated the importance of exposure to endogenous gonadal steroid hormones during pubertal period/adolescence on parental behavior in adult mice. Male and female WT mice were gonadectomized either before puberty (25 days of age) or after puberty (60 days of age) and tested for parental behavior with and without estradiol benzoate (EB) replacement in adulthood. Additional groups of mice were gonadectomized at P25 and supplemented with estradiol (females) or testosterone (males) during puberty. Female mice gonadectomized after puberty or gonadectomized before puberty and supplemented with estradiol during puberty, displayed better pup directed parental behaviors in comparison to mice gonadectomized at 25 days of age regardless of treatment with estradiol in adulthood. However, mice treated with EB in adulthood displayed better non-pup directed nest building behavior than when they were tested without EB treatment regardless of sex and time of gonadectomy. To examine whether the sensitivity to sex steroid hormones was altered due to differences in time without gonads prior to the testing, mice were also tested for female sex behavior and there were no differences between mice gonadectomized at P25 or P60, although this could not completely rule out the possibility that parental behavior is more sensitive to prolonged absence of steroid hormones than female sex behavior. These results suggest that the absence of gonads and thereby the absence of appropriate gonadal steroid hormones during puberty/adolescence may have a profound effect on pup directed parental behaviors in adult mice.

Asunto(s)

Castración , Conducta Materna , Conducta Paterna , Maduración Sexual/fisiología , Animales , Castración/efectos adversos , Castración/psicología , Estradiol/análogos & derivados , Estradiol/farmacología , Femenino , Hormonas Esteroides Gonadales/metabolismo , Masculino , Conducta Materna/efectos de los fármacos , Ratones , Ratones Endogámicos C57BL , Comportamiento de Nidificación/efectos de los fármacos , Conducta Paterna/efectos de los fármacos , Testosterona/farmacología

RESUMEN

Objective:To get the message of clinical epidemiologic characteristics of gynecomastia in adolescent or the young males.Methods:The statistic software of SPSS was used to analyze the 1998 male graduates investigated in the study with the questionnaire.Results:①71.4% people had experienced gynecomastia ever in the past years,with onset of illness(12.6?1.9)years;last time(1.33?0.52)years;23.9% displayed widespread enlargement and 76.1% showed lump.80.1% displayed the diameter of 1~2cm.87.6% were bilateral enlargement and 5.7% in left,6.7% in right,71.2% accompanied with tenderness and 21.7% with nipple discharge.The rate of self-extinction was 97.8%.②98 of 1998(4.15%)male patients have gynecomastia now.With onset of illness(mean age 13.31?2.24),last time (mean4.30?4.83),the diameter of breast(7.9?4.8)cm,areola of breast(2.5?1.2)cm.27(32.5%)displayed widespread enlargement and 56(67.5%)showed lump.Other causes of gynecomastia include 65(78.6%)were bilateral enlargement and 10(12.1%)in left,8(9.3%)in right,18(21.6%)accompanied with tenderness and 13(15.7%)with nipple discharge.③The incidence of a disease,rate of self-extinction,last time,enlargement area and the tenderness of touch showed a sigernificent difference in the groups of adolescent and young males with gynecomastia(P