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AIM: This study aimed to determine the disaster preparedness perceptions and psychological first-aid competencies of psychiatric nurses. BACKGROUND: Nurses must recognize the risks before a disaster occurs and have an action plan for providing effective physical and psychological care to patients and other affected individuals during and after the disaster. It is especially important for psychiatric nurses caring for a high-risk group, such as psychiatric patients, to be prepared for disasters and be able to support patients by recognizing the psychological reactions that may occur after a disaster and managing their care accordingly. METHODS: For this cross-sectional and correlational study, data on 122 nurses were collected using a personal information form, the preparedness perception scale of disaster in nurses, and the psychological first-aid application self-efficacy scale. RESULTS: The mean score for the participants' perception of overall disaster preparedness was 76.70 ± 8.30, the mean score for the preparation stage was 27.02 ± 2.82, the mean score for the intervention stage was 30.40 ± 5.15, the mean score for the post-disaster stage was 19.27 ± 2.88, and the mean score for psychological first-aid application self-efficacy was 140.28 ± 19.17. CONCLUSION: The findings showed that psychiatric nurses were above the medium level in terms of disaster preparedness perceptions and psychological first-aid application self-efficacy. IMPLICATIONS FOR NURSING AND HEALTH POLICY: It is important for nurses caring for high-risk groups, such as psychiatric patients, to be aware of disaster preparedness, to recognize psychological reactions that may be observed after a disaster, and to be aware of psychological first-aid practices that can be used to intervene in a disaster.

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AIM: This study aimed at investigating the effect of simulation training on increasing the awareness of nursing students about medical errors they may encounter in psychiatry clinics. METHODS: This study was quasi-experimental and included pre-test and post-test control groups. The intervention group (n = 41) was provided with "Medical Errors Room" simulation training while the control group (n = 41) was trained by using the presentation method. RESULTS: Considering the increase in the awareness of all students about medical errors, it was determined that the awareness of the students in the intervention group was higher than the students in the control group (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION: It was concluded that with the "Medical Error Room" simulation training, the awareness of nursing students, who will be among the health professionals of the future, about medical errors can be increased.

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PURPOSE: This study aimed to determine the impact of a video or photography-assisted adaptation program on the concerns and social stigmatization-related perceptions of patients upon their first admission to a psychiatric clinic DESIGN AND METHODS: This study was a non-randomized trial model with pretest-posttest measurements and a control group. No procedure was performed on the control group. However, a video or photography-assisted adaptation program was conducted on the experimental group. FINDINGS: No significant decrease was found in the state-trait anxiety and stigmatization for receiving psychologic help levels in the control group (p > .05), but a significant decrease was found in the experimental group (p < .05). PRACTICAL IMPLICATIONS: Video or photography-assisted adaptation program is effective in mitigating the concerns and social stigmatization-related perceptions of patients upon their first admission to a psychiatric clinic.

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OBJECTIVE: The potential metabolic adverse effects of second-generation antipsychotics (SGA) need to be monitored. The Canadian Alliance for Monitoring Effectiveness and Safety of Antipsychotics (CAMESA) offers guidelines for this purpose. We aimed to evaluate the long-term rates of youths receiving monitoring in mental health clinics and document the factors that may influence them. METHOD: The charts of 180 patients (13.3 ± 3.1 years, 54.4% males) receiving SGA treatment for the first time between January 2016 and June 2018 were reviewed. Monitoring was divided into baseline and 1- to 6-month and 9- to 24-month periods. Population under study was stratified into children (4 to 12 years) and adolescents (13 to 18 years). Sociodemographic characteristics, psychiatric diagnosis and comorbidities, prescribed SGAs and comedications, anthropometric measures (AM), blood pressure (BP), blood tests (BT), electrocardiogram, and the psychiatrist's years of practice were collected. Cross tables were used to present the monitoring rates. Categories were compared by covariate analysis. Rates of patients monitored across categories were compared using Fisher exact test. RESULTS: Monitoring rates for AM, BT, and BP were 55%, 47.8%, and 46.7% at baseline; 50%, 41.7%, and 45.2% at 1 to 6 months; and 47.2%, 41.5%, and 40.6% at 9 to 24 months, respectively. Higher monitoring rates were significantly associated with adolescent status (baseline, 1 to 6 months), a diagnosis of psychotic and/or affective disorder (baseline, 1 to 6 months, 9 to 24 months), having ≤1 psychiatric comorbidities (1 to 6 months), high SGA dose (baseline, 1 to 6 months), and clinician's experience (baseline, 9 to 24 months). Significantly lower monitoring rates were associated with the psychostimulant/atomoxetine comedication (baseline, 1 to 6 months, 9 to 24 months). CONCLUSION: Five years after publication of the CAMESA guidelines, metabolic monitoring is conducted for less than half of patients. In our sample, age, diagnostic category, psychiatric comorbidities, SGA dose, clinician's experience, and comedications influenced the monitoring rates. Major progress still needs to be made before reaching a satisfactory level of monitoring.

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OBJECTIVE: Violence in psychiatric outpatient settings is a ubiquitous concern. This article describes the development, implementation, and evaluation of a live threat violence simulation exercise, designed to reduce the risk of future outpatient clinic violence and minimize the effects of future incidents on staff. METHODS: The psychiatric outpatient clinic at the University of Colorado Hospital developed, implemented, and evaluated a 4-hour live violence threat simulation exercise as a companion to a 7-hour violence prevention program. The simulation includes an orientation, two threat simulation scenarios, three debriefings, satisfaction surveys, problem identification, action plans, and annual safety and process improvements. RESULTS: The authors have conducted live violence simulation exercises from 2011-2016, and have collected survey data about our annual simulation exercise from 2014-2016. Each year ≥ 52% of participants responded, and each year ≥ 90% of respondents rated the simulation as "very helpful/helpful", ≥ 86% believed themselves to be "much better/better" prepared to deal with violent episodes, and < 2% of participants experienced post-simulation side effects such as worries about past trauma; anxiety; sleep problems; increase in workplace concerns. From 2011-2016, the clinic experienced 4 major violent episodes and 36 episodes of potential violence with no staff injuries and minimal psychological sequelae to one staff member. Violence prevention efforts and the development of close police/staff relationships may have contributed to these fortunate outcomes. CONCLUSION: Satisfaction surveys suggest that the simulations are very helpful/helpful, with participants feeling much better/ better prepared to manage violence. The exercises led the authors to initiate staff safety related behavioral changes as well as physical space and safety processes improvements. The violence prevention program and simulation exercises have promoted excellent relationships with police and a consistent safety record over six years. This approach may be useful for other psychiatric outpatient departments.

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O artigo explora os pressupostos epistemológicos do Research Domain Criteria (RDoC) - projeto de investigação empírica dos transtornos mentais, dentro de uma plataforma biológica - promovido pelo National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH). Discute-se o ataque feito ao sistema DSM, pouco antes do lançamento de sua quinta versão, a partir da perspectiva neurocientífica adotada pelo RDoC. A aposta na patofisiologia, combinada com a exclusão da experiência descrita em primeira pessoa, aponta um cenário em que a pesquisa e a clínica se divorciam, com o risco do advento de uma estranha psiquiatria sem psique e sem pathos.(AU)

This article explores the epistemological underpinnings of the Research Domain Criteria (RDoC), launched by the National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH) - USA. The project has the objective of empirically investigating mental disorders in a biological framework. We discuss the sharp criticism received by the DSM shortly before its fifth edition came out, based as it was on the neuroscientific approach adopted by the RDoC. The preference for pathophysiology, combined with the exclusion of first-person experience, points to a scenario where research and clinical work are irrevocably divorced, and runs the risk of fostering an odd psychiatry with neither psyche nor pathos.(AU)

Cet article examine les présupposés épistémologiques de l'initiative dénommée Research Domain Criteria (RDoC) proposée aux Etats-Unis par le National Institute of Mental Health (NIHM). Ce projet s'inscrit dans le cadre d'une approche des troubles mentaux ancrée dans une perspective essentielment biologique et empirique. Il faut remarquer que ce programme a été lancé à la veille de la presentation de la cinquième version du système DSM. On s'interroge si la mise en ouvre d'un tel projet, largement fondé sur l'axe de recherche neuroscientifique et physiopathologique - divorcée des toutes complexités de l'expérience vécue en première personne - ne donneront pas naissance à une étrange créature: la psychiatrie sans pathos et sans psyché.(AU)

El artículo examina los presupuestos epistemológicos del Research Domain Criteria (RDoC) - proyecto de investigación empírica de los transtornos mentales, dentro de una plataforma biológica - promovido pelo National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH). Discute el ataque dirigido al sistema DSM, poco antes de la publicación de su quinta edición, desde una perspectiva neurocientífica adoptada pelo RDoC. La apuesta por la fisiopatología, combinada con la exclusión de la experiencia descrita en la primera persona, apunta para un escenario en el cual investigación y clínica se divorciam con el riesgo del adviento de una psiquiatría extraña, sin psiquis y sin pathos.(AU)

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O artigo explora os pressupostos epistemológicos do Research Domain Criteria (RDoC) - projeto de investigação empírica dos transtornos mentais, dentro de uma plataforma biológica - promovido pelo National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH). Discute-se o ataque feito ao sistema DSM, pouco antes do lançamento de sua quinta versão, a partir da perspectiva neurocientífica adotada pelo RDoC. A aposta na patofisiologia, combinada com a exclusão da experiência descrita em primeira pessoa, aponta um cenário em que a pesquisa e a clínica se divorciam, com o risco do advento de uma estranha psiquiatria sem psique e sem pathos.

This article explores the epistemological underpinnings of the Research Domain Criteria (RDoC), launched by the National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH) - USA. The project has the objective of empirically investigating mental disorders in a biological framework. We discuss the sharp criticism received by the DSM shortly before its fifth edition came out, based as it was on the neuroscientific approach adopted by the RDoC. The preference for pathophysiology, combined with the exclusion of first-person experience, points to a scenario where research and clinical work are irrevocably divorced, and runs the risk of fostering an odd psychiatry with neither psyche nor pathos.

Cet article examine les présupposés épistémologiques de l'initiative dénommée Research Domain Criteria (RDoC) proposée aux Etats-Unis par le National Institute of Mental Health (NIHM). Ce projet s'inscrit dans le cadre d'une approche des troubles mentaux ancrée dans une perspective essentielment biologique et empirique. Il faut remarquer que ce programme a été lancé à la veille de la presentation de la cinquième version du système DSM. On s'interroge si la mise en ouvre d'un tel projet, largement fondé sur l'axe de recherche neuroscientifique et physiopathologique - divorcée des toutes complexités de l'expérience vécue en première personne - ne donneront pas naissance à une étrange créature: la psychiatrie sans pathos et sans psyché.

El artículo examina los presupuestos epistemológicos del Research Domain Criteria (RDoC) - proyecto de investigación empírica de los transtornos mentales, dentro de una plataforma biológica - promovido pelo National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH). Discute el ataque dirigido al sistema DSM, poco antes de la publicación de su quinta edición, desde una perspectiva neurocientífica adoptada pelo RDoC. La apuesta por la fisiopatología, combinada con la exclusión de la experiencia descrita en la primera persona, apunta para un escenario en el cual investigación y clínica se divorciam con el riesgo del adviento de una psiquiatría extraña, sin psiquis y sin pathos.

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BACKGROUND: Germany provides a wide range of highly developed mental health care to its citizens. The aim of this study was to identify factors influencing the voluntariness of admissions to psychiatric hospitals. Especially the impact of demographic factors of the region, characteristics of the psychiatric hospitals and characteristics of the psychosocial services was analyzed. METHOD: A retrospective analysis of hospital admission registers from 13 German adult psychiatric hospitals in 2009 was conducted. Public data on the regional psychiatric accommodation and demographic situation were added. Hospitals were dichotomously divided according to their index of involuntary admissions. Group comparisons were performed between the clinics with low and high involuntary admission indices. Analysis was conducted with clinical, psychiatric provision and demographic data related to inpatients in the Landschaftsverbands Westfalen-Lippe (LWL)-PsychiatryNetwork. RESULTS: Especially the range of services provided by the social-psychiatric services in the region such as number of supervised patients and home visits had an influence on the proportion of involuntary admissions to a psychiatric hospital. Some demographic characteristics of the region such as discretionary income showed further influence. Contrary to our expectations, the characteristics of the individual hospital seem to have no influence on the admission rate. CONCLUSION: Social-psychiatric services show a preventive impact on involuntary acute psychiatry interventions. Sociodemographic factors and patient variables play a role with regard to the number of involuntary hospitalizations, whereas characteristics of hospitals seemed to play no role.

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An important component of management of autism is the role played by parents as active collaborators in the process. The case histories of 5 children with autism are described in this report. Psychological intervention carried out with parents of these children is detailed. The treatment package included a mix of behavioural, supportive and educational techniques, delivered in 3-6 sessions of 45- 60 minute each, in the setting of a child psychiatric clinic. Results showed that on the whole parents found this brief contact helpful. They rated emotional aspects of the support offered to be the most helpful. Child psychiatric clinics are often the first point of contact for parents with autistic children, and may have an important, primarily supportive role to play at this early stage of treatment.