RESUMEN
BACKGROUND: In today's world, the mass media plays an important role, and it can provide a unified platform for all public health communication, comprehensive healthcare education, and guidelines. As a result, we investigated the various types of general health and oral health messages and advertisements broadcast through various forms of mass media. OBJECTIVE: The main objective is to identify & analyze the health & oral-health related dialogue and messages with the content of the mass media. METHOD: ology: Content analysis of general health and oral health-related advertisements was done in various media, like the print media (magazines & newspapers), television (audio-visual) and radio stations (audio). The data was collected by an independent investigator, like prime time, advertisements, articles, and public service announcements (PSAs), etc., and the observations were recorded for subsequent analysis. RESULTS: Only n â= â753 incidents of health n â= â663 (88.1%) and oral health n â= â90 (11.9%) were reported during the study period, out of 6180 pages of published print media and 200 âh of prime-time broadcast channel & station advertisements, respectively. There are n â= â506 incidents in the print media, implying that health n â= â481 (95.1%) and oral health n â= â25 (4.9%) are, respectively. Compared to other media, audio-visual media, n â= â229, show 26.7% of incidents of oral health information (n 58), while 73.3% of incidents are of general health information (n 171). Only 38.9% of oral health incidents (n â= â7) were broadcast during prime time. CONCLUSION: The findings of this study may help promoters, policymakers, public health providers, and other stakeholders, to be more precise about general or oral health-related information to be effective in the messages the mass media have been utilizing and in improving future health.
RESUMEN
Older adults are at risk of protein-energy malnutrition (PEM). PEM detrimentally impacts on health, cognitive and physical functioning and quality of life. Given these negative health outcomes in the context of an ageing global population, the Healthy Diet for a Healthy Life Joint Programming Initiative Malnutrition in the Elderly (MaNuEL) sought to create a knowledge hub on malnutrition in older adults. This review summarises the findings related to the screening and determinants of malnutrition. Based on a scoring system that incorporated validity, parameters used and practicability, recommendations on setting-specific screening tools for use with older adults were made. These are: DETERMINE your health checklist for the community, Nutritional Form for the Elderly for rehabilitation, Short Nutritional Assessment Questionnaire-Residential Care for residential care and Malnutrition Screening Tool or Mini Nutritional Assessment-Short Form for hospitals. A meta-analysis was conducted on six longitudinal studies from MaNuEL partner countries to identify the determinants of malnutrition. Increasing age, unmarried/separated/divorced status (vs. married but not widowed), difficulties walking 100 m or climbing stairs and hospitalisation in the year prior to baseline or during follow-up predicted malnutrition. The sex-specific predictors of malnutrition were explored within The Irish Longitudinal Study of Ageing dataset. For females, cognitive impairment or receiving social support predicted malnutrition. The predictors for males were falling in the previous 2 years, hospitalisation in the past year and self-reported difficulties in climbing stairs. Incorporation of these findings into public health policy and clinical practice would support the early identification and management of malnutrition.