RESUMEN
BACKGROUND: Dental caries in young children and adolescents is a public oral health challenge in countries with developing economies and economic transition. This study presents a demographic pattern of dental caries in primary and permanent dentition of 5-, 12-, and 15-year-old Tanzanians based on the 2020 National Oral Health Survey findings. METHODS: This is a cross-section study based on data from Tanzania's 5th National Oral Health Survey. Data on dental caries and basic demographics were collected employing World Health Organization Oral Health Survey protocols. Analysis was done using the SPSS computer programme version 23, and proportions and mean dental caries experiences in Decayed extracted filled teeth in primary dentition/Decayed Missing Filled Teeth in permanent dentition were summarised and chi-square statistics and binary logistic regression assessed the differences and determined the association between dental caries and the selected demographic characteristics. RESULTS: The survey included 2187 participants; 42.4% were from rural areas and 50.7% were female. Overall caries prevalence was 17%, specifically 43.2%, 20.5%, and 25.5% amongst 5-, 12- and 15-year-olds, respectively. Decayed teeth components were 98.4%, 89.8%, and 91.4% amongst 5-, 12-, and 15-year-olds, respectively. Overall mean (SD) DMFT amongst 12- and 15-year-olds were 0.40 (0.27) and 0.59 (1.35), respectively. Urban participants had significantly lower odds of dental caries experience (odds ratio, 0.62, 95% confidence interval 0.45-0.84) compared with rural participants, whilst the 15-year-olds had higher odds of dental caries experience than the 12-year-olds. CONCLUSION: Dental caries prevalence in primary dentition was high. The proportion of decayed teeth components of def/DMFT was the highest compared with that of missing and filled teeth components. Older adolescents and those from rural areas had higher odds of dental caries experience.
Asunto(s)
Caries Dental , Pérdida de Diente , Adolescente , Humanos , Niño , Femenino , Preescolar , Masculino , Caries Dental/epidemiología , Tanzanía/epidemiología , Índice CPO , Encuestas de Salud Bucal , Prevalencia , Salud BucalRESUMEN
PURPOSE: Few studies have examined the association of oral health behaviors with chewing ability.This study aimed to investigate the associations between the number of remaining natural teeth and oral health behaviors with subjective chewing ability among older Thai adults. METHODS: Analysis was carried out using data from the 8th Thailand National Oral Health Survey. Subjective chewing problems were assessed using self-reported questionnaires, and the number of remaining teeth by oral examination. Poisson regression with sampling weights was used to calculate the prevalence ratios (PRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for having chewing problems. RESULTS: Of the 2,310 participants (mean age, 67.2 ± 4.5 years), 53.3% had chewing problems. After adjusting for all covariates, significantly higher PRs for having chewing problems were observed among the participants without interdental cleaning (PR, 1.32; 95% CI, 1.06-1.65), without night-time brushing (PR, 1.12; 95% CI, 1.01-1.25), who were edentulous (PR, 1.16; 95% CI, 1.02-1.31), had urgent dental treatment within the past 12 months (PR, 1.15; 95% CI, 1.06-1.24), and who brushed for <2 min (PR, 1.10; 95% CI, 1.02-1.20). CONCLUSION: The number of remaining natural teeth and oral health behaviors were significantly associated with subjective chewing problems.
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Masticación , Boca Edéntula , Adulto , Anciano , Estudios Transversales , Encuestas de Salud Bucal , Conductas Relacionadas con la Salud , Humanos , Persona de Mediana Edad , Salud Bucal , Tailandia/epidemiologíaRESUMEN
Nationwide dental health surveys are crucial for providing essential information on dental health and dental condition-related problems in the community. However, the relationship between periodontal conditions and sociodemographic data has not been well investigated in Vietnam. With data from the National Oral Health Survey in 2019, we performed several machine learning methods on this dataset to investigate the impacts of sociodemographic features on gingival bleeding, periodontal pockets, and Community Periodontal Index. From the experiments, LightGBM produced a maximum AUC (area under the curve) value of 0.744. The other models in descending order were logistic regression (0.705), logiboost (0.704), and random forest (0.684). All methods resulted in significantly high overall accuracies, all exceeding 90%. The results show that the gradient boosting model can predict well the relationship between periodontal conditions and sociodemographic data. The investigated model also reveals that the geographic region has the most significant influence on dental health, while the consumption of sweet foods/drinks is the second most crucial. These findings advocate for a region-specific approach for the dental care program and the implementation of a sugar-risk food reduction program.
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Enfermedades Periodontales , Hemorragia Gingival , Humanos , Enfermedades Periodontales/epidemiología , Índice Periodontal , Bolsa Periodontal , Vietnam/epidemiologíaRESUMEN
OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to assess the associations between the self-reported oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) of older Chinese people and their socio-economic status and oral health using data collected in the 4th National Oral Health Survey. METHODS: After multistage stratified cluster sampling, 4332 adults aged 65-74 years participated in the study. After a clinical examination, the participants completed a structured questionnaire. A Mandarin version of the General Oral Health Assessment Index (GOHAI) was included in the questionnaire. Clinical examinations were carried out using the criteria recommended by the World Health Organization. Multivariate analysis was used to evaluate the associations of the clinical and socio-demographic variables with the GOHAI scores of the participants. RESULTS: The weighted mean (SE) GOHAI score was 51.6 (0.0). Female sex and having more than 10 missing teeth, unrestored tooth spaces, more than 10 decayed teeth and a periodontal pocket ≥6 mm were negatively associated with the GOHAI score, while having a higher education level and living in the Eastern region of China were positively associated with the GOHAI score. CONCLUSION: After adjustment for confounders, the OHRQoL of older Chinese individuals was mainly affected by untreated dental caries and the loss of teeth. Older Chinese individuals who were male, had a higher education level, were from the Eastern region, had no unrestored tooth spaces or deep periodontal pockets and had fewer decayed or missing teeth had higher GOHAI scores, indicating better OHRQoL.
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Caries Dental , Pérdida de Diente , Adulto , Anciano , China/epidemiología , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Salud Bucal , Bolsa Periodontal , Calidad de Vida , Encuestas y CuestionariosRESUMEN
Few studies have considered the effects of insurance on periodontal disease. We aimed to investigate the association between insurance schemes and periodontal disease among adults, using Thailand's National Oral Health Survey (2017) data. A modified Community Periodontal Index was used to measure periodontal disease. Insurance schemes were categorized into the Universal Coverage Scheme (UCS), Civil Servant Medical Benefit Scheme (CSMBS), Social Security Scheme (SSS), and "others". Poisson regression was applied to estimate the prevalence ratios (PRs) of insurance schemes for periodontal disease, with adjustment for age, gender, residential location, education attainment, and income. The data of 4534 participants (mean age, 39.6 ± 2.9 years; 2194 men, 2340 women) were analyzed. The proportions of participants with gingivitis or periodontitis were 87.6% and 25.9%, respectively. In covariate adjusted models, lowest education (PRs, 1.03; 95% CI, 1.01-1.06) and UCS (PRs, 1.05; 95% CI, 1.02-1.08) yielded significantly higher PRs for gingivitis, whereas lowest education (PRs, 1.20; 95% CI, 1.05-1.37) and UCS (PRs, 1.17; 95% CI, 1.02-1.34) yielded substantially higher PRs for periodontitis. Insurance schemes may be social predictors of periodontal disease. For better oral health, reduced insurance inequalities are required to increase access to regular dental visits and utilization in Thailand.
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Enfermedades Periodontales , Cobertura Universal del Seguro de Salud , Adulto , Femenino , Humanos , Renta , Seguro de Salud , Masculino , Enfermedades Periodontales/epidemiología , Seguridad Social , Tailandia/epidemiologíaRESUMEN
AIM: To evaluate periodontal conditions in adults in mainland China based on data from the 4th National Oral Health Survey. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Data of adult subjects (35- to 44-year-old group [N = 4409], 55- to 64-year-old group [N = 4622], and 65- to 74-year-old group [N = 4428]) were analysed. Demographic, socio-economic, personal habit, dental history, and health attitude data were obtained using a questionnaire. Periodontal condition was assessed using the standardized case definitions of the 2018 classification scheme. A multivariate analysis was performed to investigate the relationship between periodontitis severity and age, smoking status, gender, and region using generalized additive models after adjusting for confounders. RESULTS: The frequency of subjects with periodontitis was 52.8%, 69.3%, and 64.6% in the three age groups, respectively. The frequency of subjects with severe periodontitis (stage III or IV) was 10.6%, 37.3%, and 43.5% in the three age groups, respectively. The severity of periodontal disease was positively associated with age. Current and former smokers exhibited significantly greater disease severity than non-smokers after adjustment for confounders. No significant difference of severity was found between males and females. CONCLUSION: Within the limitations of the study, the prevalence of periodontitis is very high among adults in mainland China. Periodontal status is associated with age and smoking status.
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Enfermedades Periodontales , Periodontitis , Adulto , Anciano , China/epidemiología , Encuestas de Salud Bucal , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Enfermedades Periodontales/epidemiología , Periodontitis/epidemiología , PrevalenciaRESUMEN
OBJECTIVE: To explore the clinical and socio-demographic factors inï¬uencing oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) of Chinese adults in the 4th National Oral Health Survey. METHODS: Multistage stratified cluster sampling and PPS method were used in sampling and 4720 adults aged 35 to 44 years were recruited. The study subjects completed a structured questionnaire in an interview and underwent a clinical examination. The questionnaire was a Putonghua version of the General Oral Health Assessment Index (GOHAI) and was completed by the interviewer on the site of the 4th National Oral Health Survey. Clinical examination was performed using the criteria recommended by the World Health Organization (WHO). RESULTS: The mean GOHAI score of the subjects was 54.42 (SD 6.01). Result of Poisson regression showed that subjects with a higher household income per capita, had lower DMFT, fewer missing teeth, had no unrepaired missing teeth, or not wearing a partial denture had higher GOHAI scores indicating better OHRQoL. CONCLUSION: The OHRQoL of the adults in China was fair and was mainly inï¬uenced by dental caries, integrity of dentition and restoration of lost teeth. With limited resources and dental manpower in China, higher priority should be given to the prevention and treatment of the main cause leading to losing teeth.
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Dentadura Parcial/estadística & datos numéricos , Renta/estadística & datos numéricos , Salud Bucal/estadística & datos numéricos , Calidad de Vida , Pérdida de Diente/epidemiología , Adulto , China/epidemiología , Índice CPO , Encuestas de Salud Bucal , Dentaduras , Composición Familiar , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Factores Protectores , Análisis de Regresión , Factores de Riesgo , Encuestas y CuestionariosRESUMEN
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the status of tooth loss and denture restoration in Chinese adults, analyse the changing trend and provide fundamental data for oral health policy. METHODS: According to the protocol of the 4th National Oral Health Survey, a multistage stratified random cluster-sampling method was used to enrol adult subjects aged 35 to 44, 55 to 64 and 65 to 74 years in all 31 provinces, municipalities and autonomous regions of the mainland of China. The status of tooth loss and denture restoration was investigated. SPSS20.0 software was used for statistics analysis. RESULTS: Among the 13,464 subjects investigated, 13.8% had complete dentition, 84.4% had dentition defects, and 1.8% was edentulous. Urban subjects showed a significantly higher proportion of complete dentition than those in rural (P = 0.02), and males showed the statistically higher proportion of complete dentition than females (P = 0.01). The mean of remaining teeth was 26.1 ± 6.90, which in urban areas was significantly higher than in rural areas (P < 0.01). The means of remaining teeth were 29.6 ± 2.3, 26.3 ± 6.1, and 22.5 ± 8.7 in the 35 to 44, 55 to 64 and 65 to 74 age groups, respectively. The detection rate of fixed partial dentures (FPD) was statistically higher in urban than in rural areas and in males than that in females (P < 0.01). The detection rate of removable partial dentures (RPD) was statistically higher in urban areas than in rural locations (P < 0.01). However, the detection rates of irregular denture and unrepair of tooth loss were both significantly lower in urban than in rural areas (P < 0.01). The rate of restoration of tooth loss was 41.6% in Chinese adults. CONCLUSION: Although the tooth loss and denture restoration status recorded in the survey was improved compared with the results of 10 years ago, more efforts need to be made on strengthening oral health promotion, particularly for elderly people and those living in rural areas.
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Dentadura Parcial Fija/estadística & datos numéricos , Dentadura Parcial Removible/estadística & datos numéricos , Boca Edéntula/epidemiología , Pérdida de Diente/epidemiología , Adulto , Anciano , China/epidemiología , Encuestas de Salud Bucal , Dentaduras/estadística & datos numéricos , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Boca Edéntula/rehabilitación , Población Rural/estadística & datos numéricos , Factores Sexuales , Pérdida de Diente/rehabilitación , Población Urbana/estadística & datos numéricosRESUMEN
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the oral health status and related factors of 12-year-olds from regions with and without coverage of the National Oral Health Comprehensive Intervention Program in China by means of analysing national data from the 4th National Oral Health Survey. METHODS: Data of 12-year-olds participating in the 4th National Oral Health Survey of China were used for statistical analysis. Children who were recruited in the survey completed a dental examination and filled in a questionnaire. Oral health status, pit-and-fissure sealant history, oral hygiene behaviours, sugar consumption habits, status of dental service utilisation, and oral health knowledge were compared between children from regions with and without coverage of the national programme. For the number of decayed, missing and filled permanent teeth (DMFT) and its components, as well as the number of teeth with pit-and-fissure sealants, mean values were statistically tested to see if significance existed between regions covered by the national programme and uncovered regions, whereas caries prevalence and percentage of pit-and-fissure sealants presented were also compared. RESULTS: Data from 27,821 12-year-old children were analysed, among whom 7,726 were from regions covered by the national programme and 20,095 were from uncovered regions. Statistical significance was found in caries experience and activity, pit-and-fissure sealant history, sugar consumption habits, utilisation of dental services and oral health knowledge when compared between the covered and uncovered regions. Prevalence of dental caries and indices for caries experience and activity was lower in regions covered by the national programme than those not covered, while the percentage of pit-and-fissure sealants presented and the number of teeth with pit-and-fissure sealants exhibited higher in the covered regions. This remained the same even if we focused only on the first molars instead of the full dentition. CONCLUSION: The National Oral Health Comprehensive Intervention Program for Children in China potentially contributed to better oral health status, behaviour and knowledge in 12-year-old children. The expansion and extension of coverage of the national programme was expected to be beneficial for improving oral health status in children, as well as constructing teams of oral and dental workforce and working mechanisms in some underdeveloped regions.
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Caries Dental/epidemiología , Servicios de Salud Dental/estadística & datos numéricos , Azúcares de la Dieta , Conocimientos, Actitudes y Práctica en Salud , Salud Bucal , Higiene Bucal , Estudios de Casos y Controles , Niño , China/epidemiología , Índice CPO , Caries Dental/rehabilitación , Encuestas de Salud Bucal , Restauración Dental Permanente/estadística & datos numéricos , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Selladores de Fosas y Fisuras/uso terapéutico , Prevalencia , Encuestas y CuestionariosRESUMEN
Oral disease patterns change over time and it is important to conduct epidemiological surveillance population surveys regularly to monitor the situation. The overall objectives of the present survey were: (1) to describe the oral health status of Chinese children and adults in the 2015-2016 4th National Oral Health Survey; (2) to investigate the oral health knowledge, attitudes, and behaviours among children and adults; (3) to explore the association among sociodemographic characteristics, oral health behaviours, and the oral health status of Chinese children and adults. A national oral health survey was conducted among a representative sample of Chinese children and adults. Local residents from the five age groups - 3 to 5 years, 12 to 15 years, 35 to 44 years, 55 to 64 years, and 65 to 74 years - were selected. A multi-stage cluster sampling method was adopted for the identification of participants. All 31 provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities of the mainland of China were included. All participants were clinically examined and information on their oral health status, including oral mucosal lesions, dental caries experience, periodontal health status, dental fluorosis, and dental prosthesis status, was collected according to the procedures and criteria recommended by the World Health Organization (WHO). A calibration training programme and quality control procedures were conducted to ensure the reliability of the findings. Information on sociodemographic background, oral health behaviours, knowledge and attitude was also collected from all five age groups through a questionnaire survey.
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Caries Dental/epidemiología , Prótesis Dental/estadística & datos numéricos , Fluorosis Dental/epidemiología , Enfermedades de la Boca/epidemiología , Enfermedades Periodontales/epidemiología , Adolescente , Adulto , Anciano , Niño , Preescolar , China/epidemiología , Índice CPO , Encuestas de Salud Bucal , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Mucosa Bucal , Salud Bucal , Índice PeriodontalRESUMEN
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the prevalence and severity of dental caries among pre-school children in China as part of the 4th National Oral Health Survey. METHODS: The sampling process was conducted with a multistage stratified cluster method. A total of 40,360 children aged between 3 and 5 years were recruited for this study. Each participant was clinically assessed according to the 5th edition of the oral health survey's basic methods recommended by the World Health Organization (WHO) and their parents or grandparents completed a questionnaire at a face-to-face interview. The status of dental caries was shown in the form of the mean dmft and the prevalence of dental caries. The logistic regression analysis was performed to study the relationships between the prevalence of dental caries and the selected variables. RESULTS: The prevalence of dental caries was 50.8%, 63.6% and 71.9% for 3-, 4- and 5-year-olds, respectively. The mean dmft was 2.28, 3.40 and 4.24, respectively. Logistic regression analysis showed that children who were mixed-fed had a higher chance of staying free of dental caries; children who had dessert before going to bed were associated with a higher probability of caries. CONCLUSION: The status of dental caries among preschool children in China is on the increase. The preschoolers' dental caries status related to their breastfeeding conditions within the first 6 months of life and their snacking habits.
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Lactancia Materna/estadística & datos numéricos , Caries Dental/epidemiología , Conocimientos, Actitudes y Práctica en Salud , Fórmulas Infantiles/estadística & datos numéricos , Padres , Preescolar , China/epidemiología , Estudios Transversales , Índice CPO , Encuestas de Salud Bucal , Escolaridad , Femenino , Humanos , Renta/estadística & datos numéricos , Modelos Logísticos , Masculino , Comidas , Prevalencia , Factores de Riesgo , Población Rural/estadística & datos numéricos , Índice de Severidad de la Enfermedad , Cepillado Dental/estadística & datos numéricos , Población Urbana/estadística & datos numéricosRESUMEN
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the dental caries status and related factors in Chinese elderly people, using data from the 4th National Oral Health Survey of China. METHODS: In this cross-sectional study, a multistage, cluster strategy was used to recruit 4,431participants (2,222 male and 2,209 female) aged 65 to 74 years from all 31 provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities of the mainland of China. The survey was performed according to the diagnostic standard proposed by the World Health Organization (WHO). Socio-demographic information was collected with a closed questionnaire. RESULTS: The caries prevalence in 65 to 74-year-olds was rather high; the report shows it was 98.0% (DMFT ≥ 1) among elderly people in China. The mean DMFT, DT, MT and FT was 13.33 ± 9.32, 3.33 ± 4.17, 9.50 ± 8.66 and 0.49 ± 1.41, respectively. The filling rate was very low, assessed as 12.8%. The number of DMFT related to gender, residential district type, educational level, level of annual household income, toothbrushing frequency, consumption frequency of desserts, attitudes to oral health and oral health-related knowledge. CONCLUSION: The prevalence of dental caries in Chinese elderly people is rather high and a lot of decayed teeth still need to be filled and suitable prevention and treatment for this group is urgently needed.
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Caries Dental/epidemiología , Escolaridad , Conocimientos, Actitudes y Práctica en Salud , Comidas , Cepillado Dental/estadística & datos numéricos , Anciano , China/epidemiología , Estudios Transversales , Índice CPO , Encuestas de Salud Bucal , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Prevalencia , Población Rural/estadística & datos numéricos , Distribución por Sexo , Encuestas y Cuestionarios , Población Urbana/estadística & datos numéricosRESUMEN
OBJECTIVE: To explore the prevalence and associated risk indicators of dental fluorosis in the mainland of China. METHODS: Data for this study was obtained from the 4th National Oral Health Survey in China, conducted from 2015 to 2016. The sample population was 12-year-old school students. Study participants were selected using a multi-stage, stratified random sample selection procedure using a sampling frame compiled from geographical distribution of China. The level of dental fluorosis was determined using the Dean index recommended by the World Health Organization (WHO). A structured questionnaire was distributed to all the subjects in schools. Participants completed a questionnaire with assistance from staff. A bivariate analysis was performed using the chi-square test. Logistic regression was performed to evaluate the association between dental fluorosis and the independent variables. RESULTS: A total of 27,495 students were evaluated, of which 13,650 (49.6%) were male. Overall, dental fluorosis was found in 13.4% of participants; 6.3% had very mild fluorosis, 4.3% had mild fluorosis, 2.3% had moderate fluorosis, and 0.5% had severe fluorosis. The community fluorosis index was 0.28. In the final logistic regression model students from rural areas (RR:1.582, 95%CI 1.473-1.700), students whose fathers had low education (RR:1.429, 95%CI 1.230-1.661 & 1.184, 95%CI 1.026-1.365), and those students with sibling (RR:1.537, 95%CI 1.414-1.671) were more significantly associated with dental fluorosis. CONCLUSION: As a whole, China has a low dental fluorosis prevalence. Rural areas were the key places for the prevention of dental fluorosis. More prevention measures should be conducted on the children whose fathers were of lower education and who were not an only child.
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Escolaridad , Composición Familiar , Fluorosis Dental/epidemiología , Niño , China/epidemiología , Estudios Transversales , Encuestas de Salud Bucal , Femenino , Humanos , Modelos Logísticos , Masculino , Prevalencia , Factores de Riesgo , Población Rural/estadística & datos numéricos , Índice de Severidad de la Enfermedad , Población Urbana/estadística & datos numéricosRESUMEN
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the dental caries status of teenagers in China by means of analysing national data from the 4th National Oral Health Survey of China. METHODS: Data for 12- to 15-year-olds participated in the 4th National Oral Health Survey of China were used for statistical analysis. Children who were recruited in the survey completed a dental examination and filled in a questionnaire. Social demographic factors, oral hygiene behaviours, sugar consumption habits, status of dental service utilisation, and pit-and-fissure sealant history were compared between adolescents with caries experiences and those without. For decayed, missing and filled permanent teeth (DMFT) and each of its components, mean values were statistically tested to see if significance existed between or among different categories of all involved variables. RESULTS: In total, data from 27,821, 30,961, 30,691 and 29,128 Chinese 12-, 13-, 14-, and 15-year-olds respectively, were analysed. Social demographic factors, sugar consumption and dental service utilisation showed statistical significance when compared between those with and without dental caries experience in the 12- and 15-year-old groups. Certain categories of these factors above also had important influence on the mean value of the number of decayed teeth (DT), filled teeth (FT) and DMFT, and they might be potential determinants of dental caries experience of permanent teeth for teenagers. CONCLUSION: Dental caries in 12- and 15-year-old Chinese adolescents was impacted by certain social demographic and dental behavioural factors, which could provide some implications for policy makers and dental public health professionals when attempting to enhance oral health status for those teenagers in the early stages of permanent dentition.
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Caries Dental/epidemiología , Servicios de Salud Dental/estadística & datos numéricos , Dentición Permanente , Sacarosa en la Dieta , Higiene Bucal/estadística & datos numéricos , Selladores de Fosas y Fisuras/uso terapéutico , Adolescente , Niño , China/epidemiología , Índice CPO , Encuestas de Salud Bucal , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Población Rural/estadística & datos numéricos , Cepillado Dental/estadística & datos numéricos , Población Urbana/estadística & datos numéricosRESUMEN
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the periodontal health status and associated factors of adolescents aged 12 to 15 years old in China. METHODS: A cross-sectional national oral health survey was conducted in 2015-2016. The multi-stage stratified cluster sampling was used to select participants in all 31 provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities in the mainland of China. Each participant received a clinical assessment including periodontal bleeding and calculus, and 15-year-old adolescents received additional examinations including for periodontal pocket depth and attachment loss, using the latest criteria from the Oral Health Survey Basic Methods, as recommended by the World Health Organization (WHO). A self-answered structured questionnaire was designed to collect the data of background information and associated risk factors. RESULTS: A total of 118,514 adolescents (14.0 ± 1.09 years old) completed all the oral examinations and the questionnaire. The prevalence of periodontal bleeding and calculus was 61.0% and 67.3% respectively. In the group of 15 year olds, 6.5% adolescents had periodontal pocket and 0.5% had attachment loss. Molars were often involved and, furthermore, calculus also occurred on lower incisors. The periodontal status of adolescents became worse as they grew up. The condition of girls was significantly better than boys. CONCLUSION: This survey illustrated a brief picture of periodontal status of adolescents in China showing that gingival bleeding and calculus were very common and frequent. Further actions on oral health education were necessary, especially for those in lower socio-economic classes.
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Cálculos Dentales/epidemiología , Hemorragia Gingival/epidemiología , Pérdida de la Inserción Periodontal/epidemiología , Bolsa Periodontal/epidemiología , Adolescente , Niño , China/epidemiología , Estudios Transversales , Encuestas de Salud Bucal , Femenino , Conocimientos, Actitudes y Práctica en Salud , Humanos , Masculino , Enfermedades Periodontales/epidemiología , Índice Periodontal , Factores de Riesgo , Población Rural/estadística & datos numéricos , Distribución por Sexo , Población Urbana/estadística & datos numéricosRESUMEN
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the differences in distribution of root caries and related factors between middle-aged and elderly people in China. METHODS: In this cross-sectional study, a multistage, cluster strategy was used to recruit 4,410 participants (2,197 males and 2,213 females) aged 35 to 44 years and 4,431 participants (2,222 males and 2,209 females) aged 65 to 74 years from all 31 provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities of the mainland of China. The survey was conducted according to the basic methods proposed by the World Health Organization (WHO). Sociodemographic information, oral health behaviour, attitude and knowledge, history of dental prophylaxis and general health condition were collected with a closed questionnaire. RESULTS: A great increase in the occurrence of root caries in Chinese adults from 35 to 44-year-old to 65 to 74-year-olds, with the prevalence (DFR ≥ 1) from 25.4% to 61.9% and with the mean DFR score from 0.54 ± 1.34 to 2.63 ± 3.75. Filling rates were also very low, only 1.8% and 3.0%, respectively. Females and residents of rural areas were more likely to suffer from root caries. In both the middle-aged group and the elderly group, root caries related to gender, education level, sweet food/drinks consumption, oral health knowledge and status of root surface explosion. In 35 to 44 year olds, toothbrushing is a significant protection factor (OR = 0.88, 95%CI 0.81 ~ 0.96), while using toothpicks is a risk factor (OR = 1.06, 95%CI 1.02 ~ 1.10). In 65 to 74 year olds, not having dental had scaling in the past 12 months is a risk factor (OR = 1.66, 95%CI 1.09 ~ 2.53). CONCLUSION: Root caries among middle-aged people and elderly people in China have different risk factors and need more attention in future research to develop proper prevention.
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Raspado Dental/estadística & datos numéricos , Conocimientos, Actitudes y Práctica en Salud , Caries Radicular/epidemiología , Cepillado Dental/estadística & datos numéricos , Adulto , Distribución por Edad , Anciano , China , Encuestas de Salud Bucal , Sacarosa en la Dieta , Escolaridad , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Prevalencia , Factores de Riesgo , Población Rural/estadística & datos numéricos , Distribución por Sexo , Población Urbana/estadística & datos numéricosRESUMEN
OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this study was to estimate the dental health capacity of the first permanent molars among children and adolescents in Korea and to assess its related factors. METHODS: Cross-sectional data were obtained from the Korea National Oral Health Survey (2006 and 2010). The subjects of the present study included a total of 34,975 people aged 6, 8, 10, 12, and 15 years (5,347 in 2006 and 29,628 in 2010). The dental health capacity of the first permanent molars was calculated using Clune's methods. Changes in dental health capacity were analyzed according to year, age, sex, and region. We used a multiple regression model to identify relevant factors for dental health capacity of the first permanent molars. RESULTS: The dental health capacity values were calculated according to age group as follows: 6 years, 99.66%; 12 years, 96.50%; and 15 years, 95.24%. The dental health capacity in 2010 was estimated to be higher than that in the year 2006. The increment rate of dental health capacity was higher for girls than for boys. The dental health capacity of the first permanent molars was related to the following factors: year, age, sex, region, perceived oral health status, frequency of tooth brushing per day, frequency of cariogenic snack intake per day, and number of teeth with pit and fissure sealant. Among these factors, number of teeth with pit and fissure sealant had the greatest effect on the dental health capacity of the first permanent molars. CONCLUSIONS: The dental health capacity of the first permanent molars was higher in rural areas than in the metropolis and cities. Therefore, the pit and fissure sealant program, apart from the health insurance coverage, must be revitalized for children and adolescents in rural areas.
Asunto(s)
Adolescente , Anciano , Niño , Humanos , Caries Dental , Seguro de Salud , Corea (Geográfico) , Diente Molar , Salud Bucal , Bocadillos , DienteRESUMEN
OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to examine the characteristics of the high caries risk group among 12-year-old children in Korea. METHODS: Information on oral health status and interview data were collected from 6,253 children (3,309 male and 2,944 female children) aged 12 years who participated in the Korea National Oral Health Survey in 2010. The subjects were sorted according to the decayed missing filled tooth (DMFT) data. The highest one-third was selected as the significant caries (SiC) group (N=2,184), and the others were classified as the middle group (N=4,466) and the caries-free group (N=7,067). This study also used demographic variables such as gender and area of residence. The variables for the oral health behavior were the number of dental sealants on the first molar, self-perceived oral health, average frequency of tooth brushing per day, and the mean frequency of daily snack consumption. The variables for the oral health status were the mean number of DMFTs and the SiC index. The associations between the high caries risk group and the demographic and social variables, oral health status, and oral health-related consciousness and behavior were evaluated by logistic regression analysis. RESULTS: A significant proportion of the high caries risk group participants had no dental sealant on the first molar (46.4%) and lived in rural areas (38.1%, P<0.05). The determinants of the high-risk group were whether the first molar was sealed ('0', OR=52.67) and the self-perceived oral health ('fair', OR=1.43, 'poor', OR=2.09). CONCLUSIONS: The characteristics of the high caries risk group among 12-year-old Korean children were the absence of dental sealant on the first molar, poor self-perceived oral health, gender, and region.