RESUMEN

Na história da humanidade, a loucura foi concebida de diversas formas. Atualmente a Reforma Psiquiátrica propõe a construção de um novo lugar social para a loucura, concebendo-a como sofrimento psíquico. Para compreender como os usuários de saúde mental a concebem, fizemos uma pesquisa com o objetivo de analisar como essas pessoas produzem sentidos sobre o sofrimento psíquico em vídeos de domínio público. Para desenvolver esta pesquisa, adotamos a perspectiva teórico-metodológica da proposta de estudo da produção de sentidos a partir da análise das práticas discursivas. Trata-se de uma investigação de natureza qualitativa, com caráter exploratório, para cujo desenvolvimento foi feito uma pesquisa documental. Foram utilizados os videodocumentários 'A loucura entre nós' e 'Estamira' e a Conferência 'I am not a monster: schizophrenia'. Nos relatos analisados, os usuários referenciaram o sofrimento psíquico recorrendo ao discurso da Psiquiatria e à utilização de medicamentos, no entanto, alguns se posicionaram contrariamente a esse saber.

In the history of humanity, madness has been conceived in different ways. Currently, the Psychiatric Reform proposes the construction of a new social place for madness, conceiving it as psychic suffering. In order to understand how mental health users conceive it, we carried out a research with the aim of analyzing how these people produce meanings about psychic suffering in videos in the public domain. In order to carry out this researchwe dopted the theoretical-methodological perspective of the study proposal of the production of meanings from the analysis of discursive practices. This is a qualitative investigation with an exploratory approach for which a research of documents was carried out. The video documentaries "Madness among us", "Estamira" and the Conference "I am a monster: schizophrenia" were used, however, some of the subjects referred to psychic suffering using the internment Psychiatry jargon, mentioning the use of medicines. However, some of them took a position against this practice. (AU)

En la historia de la humanidad, la locura se ha concebido de diferentes maneras. Actualmente, la Reforma Psiquiátrica propone la construcción de un nuevo lugar social para la locura, concibiéndola como sufrimiento psíquico. Realizamos una investigación con el objetivo de analizar cómo los usuarios de salud mental producen sentidos sobre el sufrimiento psíquico en videos de dominio público. Para ello, adoptamos laperspectiva teórico-metodológica de la propuesta deestudio dela producción de sentidos a partir del análisis de las prácticas discursivas. Se trata de una investigación cualitativo, con carácter exploratorio, para cuyo desarrollo se realizó una pesquisa documental. Se utilizaron los video documentales: "A loucura entre nós", "Estamira"y la Conferencia "I am not a monster: schizophrenia". En los relatos analizados, los usuarios se refirieron al sufrimiento psíquico recurriendo al discurso de la Psiquiatría y a la utilización de medicamentos. No obstante, algunos tomaron posición contraria a ese conocimiento. (AU)

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RESUMEN

BACKGROUND: Given the physical and mental health consequences of tobacco use amongst individuals with mental illness, it was imperative to assess the burden of tobacco use in this population. AIM: This study examined the patterns and factors associated with tobacco use in individuals attending the outpatient unit. SETTING: Cecilia Makiwane Hospital Mental Health Department in Eastern Cape province, South Africa. METHODS: Lifetime (ever use) use and current use of any tobacco products were examined in a cross-sectional study of 390 individuals between March and June 2020. A logistic regression was fitted to determine the correlates of lifetime and current use of any tobacco products. RESULTS: The rates of ever use and current use of tobacco products were 59.4% and 44.6%, respectively. Of the participants interviewed, lifetime tobacco use was more prevalent amongst individuals with schizophrenia (67.9%) and cannabis-induced disorders (97.3%) and lower in those with major depressive disorders (36.1%) and bipolar and related disorders (43.5%). Men were six times more likely to have ever used or currently use tobacco products in comparison to women. Also, those who had a salaried job or owned a business were over three times more likely to have ever used or currently use tobacco products compared with those receiving government social grants. CONCLUSIONS: The prevalence of tobacco use in this study was significantly higher than the general population in the Eastern Cape. Therefore, smoking prevention and cessation interventions targeted at the general population should target this often neglected sub-population in the region.

RESUMEN

BACKGROUND: Coercion is not uncommon phenomenon among mental health service users during their admission into psychiatric hospital. Research on perceived coercion of psychiatric patients is limited from India. AIM: To investigate perceived coercion of psychiatric patients during admission into a tertiary care psychiatric hospital. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This was a cross-sectional descriptive survey carried out among randomly selected psychiatric patients (n = 205) at a tertiary care center. Data were collected through face-to-face interviews using structured questionnaire. RESULTS: Our findings revealed that participants experienced low levels of coercion during their admission process. However, a majority of the participants were threatened with commitment (71.7%) as well as they were sad (67.8%), unpleased (69.7%), confused (73.2%), and frightened (71.2%) with regard to hospitalization into a psychiatric hospital. In addition, the participants expressed higher levels of negative pressures (mean ± standard deviation, 3.76 ± 2.12). Participants those were admitted involuntarily (P > 0.001), diagnosed to be having psychotic disorders (P > 0.003), and unmarried (P > 0.04) perceived higher levels of coercion. CONCLUSION: The present study showed that more formal coercion was experienced by the patients those got admitted involuntarily. On the contrary, participants with voluntary admission encountered informal coercion (negative pressures). There is an urgent need to modify the Mental Health Care (MHC) Bill so that treatment of persons with mental illness is facilitated. Family member plays an important role in providing MHC; hence, they need to be empowered.