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BACKGROUND: Pulse-inversion-based tissue harmonic imaging has been utilized for many years because it can effectively eliminate the harmonic leakage and produce low side-lobe. However, the pulse inversion method is sensitive to imaging object movements, which may result in motion artifacts. Spatial resolution and contrast were limited. OBJECTIVE: To improve ultrasound image quality by a new pulse-inversion-based tissue harmonic imaging technique. METHODS: Continuous wavelet transform is applied to investigate the correlation between mother wavelet and the received echoes from two opposite pulses. To get a better correlation, a novel mother wavelet named 'tissue wavelet' is designed based on the Khokhlov-Zabolotskaya- Kuznetsov (KZK) wave equation. Radio frequency data were obtained from open Ultrasonix SonixTouch imaging system. Experiments were carried on ultrasonic tissue phantom, human carotid artery and human liver. RESULTS: The average improvement of lateral spatial resolution is 49.52% compared to pulse-inversion-based tissue second-harmonic Imaging (PIHI). Contrast ratio (CR) and contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR) increased by 5.55 dB and 1.40 dB over PIHI. Tissue wavelet performs better than Mexh and Morl wavelet in lateral spatial resolution, CR, and CNR. CONCLUSION: The proposed technique effectively improves the imaging quality in lateral spatial resolution, CR, and CNR.

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Background and Objectives: Fracture-related infection (FRI) is a challenging complication in trauma surgery. A consensus definition of FRI has only recently been published. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to evaluate the state of research related to FRI. Material and Methods: A systemic literature review was conducted on research on FRI published between 2017 and 2020. The Web of Science database was used, and a bibliometric analysis was performed. To provide robust evidence regarding the impact of publications, the behavior of publications in non-traditional dissemination channels was analyzed. For this, the Research Interest Score and the Altmetric Score were combined. The Research Interest Score was calculated from information extracted from ResearchGate, while Altmetric Score includes information from different websites and apps with a significant volume of traffic, such as Twitter. Results: A total of 131 published papers were identified. The most significant contribution came from the United States and European countries. The most relevant articles were published by the journal Injury-International Journal of the Care of the Injured. A positive correlation was observed between the number of citations and Research Interest Scores, whereas the number of citations and Altmetric Score showed no correlation. The social media platform most used by FRI researchers was Twitter. Conclusions: By evaluating the status of publications for FRI between 2017 and 2020, an upward trend in the number of publications was evident. This could be related to the increasing acceptance of the long-needed definition for FRI and the implications it carries for daily clinical practice.

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Medical information (MI) professionals are primarily responsible for researching and responding to unsolicited requests for information on their company's product(s). In an effort to set a standard for quality, the Pharma Collaboration for Transparent Medical Information (phactMI) created a code of practice for the provision of medical information to healthcare professionals. This code introduced the term "MI science skills" to describe the expertise required to perform the duties of an MI professional. These skills can be summarized by the acronym DRESS. In order to effectively and efficiently respond to an unsolicited request for information, the MI professional essentially follows five steps: define the question, research the topic, evaluate the evidence, synthesize a response, and share the answer. As this approach mirrors the scientific process for data generation, MI scientist may be a more apt description for this role. This paper explains the rationale behind the term MI scientist and the skills associated with each component of the DRESS approach.

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RESUMEN Introducción: Desde la aparición del primer caso contagiado por el SARS-Cov-2, la pandemia ha experimentado un ascenso en el número de casos casi incontrolable. La producción científica juega un papel clave en la lucha por este necesario control y erradicación. El número de artículos que se produce diariamente desde los inicios sobrepasan los miles a nivel internacional y las editoriales y bases de datos han puesto su mayor esfuerzo para que estas contribuciones tengan la debida prioridad y visibilidad. Cuba no ha hecho menos en este esfuerzo. Objetivo: caracterizar la producción científica publicada en revistas médicas cubanas en los primeros noventa días de inicio de la pandemia en Cuba. Material y Métodos: se realizó un estudio descriptivo transversal donde se analizaron el 100 por ciento de las revistas médicas certificadas como científicas. Se definieron variables como tipología documental, afiliaciones institucionales y colaboración, temática, país y tiempo de publicación entre otros. Resultados: El 58 por ciento de los artículos publicados correspondió a revistas de universidades médicas. El 31,1 por ciento fue aportado por la revista Medisur de la Universidad de Ciencias Médicas de Cienfuegos. El 77,8 por ciento de los artículos son cubanos. El 22,6 por ciento fueron cartas al editor, seguidas de 20,8 por ciento correspondiente a artículos originales. Conclusiones: la producción científica nacional en revistas médicas cubanas en el período estudiado es baja, si tomamos en consideración que las cartas al editor no son artículos de investigación propiamente dichos. Hay áreas de las ciencias médicas como la medicina familiar que pudiendo haber aportado sus experiencias en el trabajo investigativo en la comunidad, aún no lo han hecho en este período de tiempo(AU)

ABSTRACT Introduction: Since the first case of SARS-CoV-2 was confirmed, the pandemic has experienced an almost uncontrollable increase in the number of cases. The scientific production plays a key role in the fight against the necessary control and eradication of the pandemic. From the very beginning, thousands of articles per day are produced at international level; furthermore, editorials and databases have made a great effort to give due priority and visibility to these contributions. Cuba has made significant efforts in this respect. Objective: To characterize the scientific production on COVID-19 in Cuban medical journals during the first ninety days after the start of the pandemic in Cuba. Material and Methods: A cross-sectional descriptive study aimed at analyzing 100 percent of the scientific medical journals was conducted. Variables such as documental typology, institutional and collaborative affiliations, subject matter, country and time of publication, among others were identified. Results: In total, 58 percent of the articles were published in medical journals and 31,1 percent was a contribution by Medisur Journal, University of Medical Sciences in Cienfuegos. In addition, 77,8 percent of the articles were written by Cuban health researchers, 22,6 percent of the articles were Letters to the Editor and 20,8 percent were original articles. Conclusions: Over the period studied, the national scientific production in Cuban medical journals is low taking into account that the Letters to the Editor are not actual research articles. Some subject areas in Medical Sciences such as Family Medicine, which could have contributed with their experiences in research work within the community, have not produced any scientific article during this period of time(AU)

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Objective To provide reference for expanding the employment positions of graduates in medical infor-mation management and information system of Chongqing Medical University by analyzing their employment situa-tion and trends.Methods The jobs of 171 graduates from Chongqing Medical University Medical Information School in 2008-2013 were registered according to the agreements of graduates, Chongqing Medical University Medical In-formation School, and employing units.Results The employment rate of graduates in medical information manage-ment and information system was relatively high .Their main employing units were medical and health organizations and associated enterprises in the City of Chongqing and Sichuan Province.The employment rate was low in coastal regions.The number of employed graduates in medical and health organizations reached its peak in 2013, and re-mained unchanged in medical and health associated enterprises.Conclusion Although the employment situation of graduates in medical information management and information system is good., the number of employing units and regions is relatively less.The literacy and ability of graduates in medical information management and information system should be improved, their employment channels should be expanded, and their professional education should be further perfected with gradual saturation of demand for graduates in employing units.

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After the evolution history of medical information science in China was briefed, the current situation in training master of information science was analyzed , the training programs in Huazhong University of Science and Technology , Central South University and Jinan University were compared , with certain suggestions put forward for the solution of problems in training master of information science .

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OBJECTIVES: The objective of this study was to create a new measure for clinical information technology (IT) adoption as a proxy variable of clinical IT use. METHODS: Healthcare Information and Management Systems Society (HIMSS) data for 2004 were used. The 18 clinical IT applications were analyzed across 3,637 acute care hospitals in the United States. After factor analysis was conducted, the clinical IT adoption score was created and evaluated. RESULTS: Basic clinical IT systems, such as laboratory, order communication/results, pharmacy, radiology, and surgery information systems had different adoption patterns from advanced IT systems, such as cardiology, radio picture archiving, and communication, as well as computerized practitioner order-entry. This clinical IT score varied across hospital characteristics. CONCLUSIONS: Different IT applications have different adoption patterns. In creating a measure of IT use among various IT components in hospitals, the characteristics of each type of system should be reflected. Aggregated IT adoption should be used to explain technology acquisition and utilization in hospitals.

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OBJECTIVES: The objective of this study was to create a new measure for clinical information technology (IT) adoption as a proxy variable of clinical IT use. METHODS: Healthcare Information and Management Systems Society (HIMSS) data for 2004 were used. The 18 clinical IT applications were analyzed across 3,637 acute care hospitals in the United States. After factor analysis was conducted, the clinical IT adoption score was created and evaluated. RESULTS: Basic clinical IT systems, such as laboratory, order communication/results, pharmacy, radiology, and surgery information systems had different adoption patterns from advanced IT systems, such as cardiology, radio picture archiving, and communication, as well as computerized practitioner order-entry. This clinical IT score varied across hospital characteristics. CONCLUSIONS: Different IT applications have different adoption patterns. In creating a measure of IT use among various IT components in hospitals, the characteristics of each type of system should be reflected. Aggregated IT adoption should be used to explain technology acquisition and utilization in hospitals.

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OBJECTIVES: The objective of this paper is to describe the Health Insurance Review and Assessment Service (HIRA)'s payment request (PARE) system that plays the role of the gateway for all health insurance claims submitted to HIRA, and the claim review support (CRS) system that supports the work of claim review experts in South Korea. METHODS: This study describes the two systems' information technology (IT) infrastructures, their roles, and quantitative analysis of their work performance. It also reports the impact of these systems on claims processing by analyzing the health insurance claim data submitted to HIRA from April 1 to June 30, 2011. RESULTS: The PARE system returned to healthcare providers 2.7% of all inpatient claims (97,930) and 0.1% of all outpatient claims (317,007) as un-reviewable claims. The return rate was the highest for the hospital group as 0.49% and the lowest rate was found in clinic group. The CRS system's detection rate of the claims with multiple errors in inpatient and outpatient areas was 23.1% and 2.9%, respectively. The highest rate of error detection occurred at guideline check-up stages in both inpatient and outpatient groups. CONCLUSIONS: The study found that HIRA's two IT systems had a critical role in reducing heavy administrative workloads through automatic data processing. Although the return rate of the problematic claims to providers and the error detection rate by two systems was low, the actual count of the returned claims was large. The role of IT will become increasingly important in reducing the workload of health insurance claims review.

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OBJECTIVES: The objective of this paper is to describe the Health Insurance Review and Assessment Service (HIRA)'s payment request (PARE) system that plays the role of the gateway for all health insurance claims submitted to HIRA, and the claim review support (CRS) system that supports the work of claim review experts in South Korea. METHODS: This study describes the two systems' information technology (IT) infrastructures, their roles, and quantitative analysis of their work performance. It also reports the impact of these systems on claims processing by analyzing the health insurance claim data submitted to HIRA from April 1 to June 30, 2011. RESULTS: The PARE system returned to healthcare providers 2.7% of all inpatient claims (97,930) and 0.1% of all outpatient claims (317,007) as un-reviewable claims. The return rate was the highest for the hospital group as 0.49% and the lowest rate was found in clinic group. The CRS system's detection rate of the claims with multiple errors in inpatient and outpatient areas was 23.1% and 2.9%, respectively. The highest rate of error detection occurred at guideline check-up stages in both inpatient and outpatient groups. CONCLUSIONS: The study found that HIRA's two IT systems had a critical role in reducing heavy administrative workloads through automatic data processing. Although the return rate of the problematic claims to providers and the error detection rate by two systems was low, the actual count of the returned claims was large. The role of IT will become increasingly important in reducing the workload of health insurance claims review.

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