RESUMEN
Introducción: Se ha reconocido la importancia de los aspectos socioculturales de los individuos en la atención en salud para brindar cuidados centrados en las personas. En este sentido, los profesionales de salud requieren el desarrollo de competencia interculturales. Objetivo: Diseñar una estrategia didáctica a través de un recurso audiovisual para contribuir a la formación de competencia intercultural en salud en estudiantes de enfermería en la asignatura Fundamentos Socioantropológicos. Métodos: Se tuvo en cuenta un diseño no experimental, descriptivo y comparativo. Se elaboró una intervención educativa sobre la base de videos, acompañada de trabajo reflexivo y feedback de profesores, con medición pre- y posintervención, mediante la Escala de Capacidad Cultural. Resultados: Se obtuvo un total de 77 respuestas válidas; 91,2 por ciento del género femenino. El 56,1 por ciento no presentaba formación previa en diversidad cultural. Al realizar la evaluación de la competencia intercultural pre- y posintervención, los estudiantes tuvieron un mayor puntaje posintervención (p< 0,05), lo que implicó un aumento en la competencia intercultural de estos. Conclusiones: Es posible contribuir a la formación de competencia intercultural en estudiantes de enfermería mediante videos (AU)
Introduction: The importance of sociocultural aspects of individuals in healthcare has been recognized with respect to providing person-centered care. In this sense, health professionals require the development of intercultural competences. Objective: To design a didactic strategy through an audiovisual resource to contribute to the development of intercultural competences in healthcare in Nursing students in the subject Socioanthropological Foundations. Methods: A nonexperimental, descriptive and comparative design was used. An educational intervention was elaborated upon the basis of videos, accompanied by reflective work and feedback from professors, with pre- and postintervention measurement using the Cultural Capacity Scale. Results: Seventy-seven valid responses were obtained; 91.2 percent belonged to the female gender. 56.1 percent had no previous training in cultural diversity. When performing the pre- and postintervention intercultural competence assessment, the students had a higher postintervention score (p< 0.05), which meant an increase in their intercultural competence. Conclusions: It is possible to contribute to the formation of intercultural competence in Nursing students through videos (AU)
Asunto(s)
Humanos , Estudio Comparativo , Epidemiología Descriptiva , Personal de Salud/educación , Antropología Cultural/educaciónRESUMEN
RESUMEN Introducción. Dada la pluralidad cultural, coexisten poblaciones con variadas concepciones de la salud y enfermedad y múltiples formas de entenderlas, donde las diferencias en el acceso a la salud se ven influenciadas por la poca capacidad del profesional de salud para atender poblaciones de diferentes culturas, siendo necesario la puesta en práctica de competencias interculturales. Objetivo. Determinar las competencias interculturales del profesional de salud serumista. Métodos. Se acometió un estudio observacional descriptivo, en una muestra de carácter no probabilístico de 48 profesionales de salud serumistas en 3 distritos de la Provincia de Puerto Inca, Región Huánuco, Perú. Información recabada empleando la técnica de la encuesta, y como instrumento el cuestionario, con diferentes opciones de respuestas previamente validado por juicio de expertos. Confiabilidad con el coeficiente alfa de Cronbach. Análisis de los datos con la estadística descriptiva, registrados en gráficos y tablas. procesados con el software estadístico SPSS 25. Resultados. No se desarrollan las competencias interculturales en los planes curriculares. Conclusiones. Los participantes del estudio consideraron que las asignaturas del plan curricular no propician el desarrollo de estas competencias interculturales; no se encuentran preparados para interactuar en estos contextos diferentes del que han sido formados.
ABSTRACT Introduction. Given the cultural plurality, populations with varied conceptions of health and disease and multiple ways of understanding them coexist, where the differences in access to health are influenced by the limited capacity of the health professional to attend populations from different cultures, making it necessary to put intercultural competencies into practice. Objective. To determine the intercultural competencies of the serumist health professional. Methods. A descriptive observational study was undertaken in a non- probabilistic sample of 48 serum health professionals in 3 districts of the Province of Puerto Inca, Huanuco Region, Peru. Information was collected using the survey technique, and the questionnaire was used as an instrument, with different response options previously validated by expert judgment. Reliability with Cronbach's alpha coefficient. Data analysis with descriptive statistics, recorded in graphs and tables, processed with the statistical software SPSS 25. Results. Intercultural competencies are not developed in the curricular plans. Conclusions. The participants of the study considered that the subjects of the curricular plan do not favor the development of these intercultural competencies; they are not prepared to interact in these contexts different from the one in which they have been trained.
RESUMEN
Sense of coherence (SOC) and mindfulness (MI) are believed to promote the health and well-being of individuals and organisations. The aim of this longitudinal study was to contribute to the literature on the development of SOC through training and interventions and thereby explore the development of these constructs in a group of senior professionals in the German Catholic Church. A sample of eight participants voluntarily enrolled for a 12-day training programme spread over a period of nine months to develop intercultural and inter-religious competencies, SOC and MI. Quantitative scores of the pre- and post-test SOC and MI questionnaires were qualitatively analysed. Results indicate that the majority of participants scored lower in the post-test on SOC and slightly higher in MI. The discussion explores the pitfalls in the development of these constructs in the study's participants and highlights the implications for theory and practice. Practical training implications for developing SOC and MI are offered.