RESUMEN

The primary objective of this study was to develop a custom algorithm to assess three-dimensional (3D) acetabular coverage of the femoral head based on surface models generated from computed tomography (CT) imaging. The secondary objective was to apply this algorithm to asymptomatic young adult hip joints to assess the regional 3D acetabular coverage variability and understand how these novel 3D metrics relate to traditional two-dimensional (2D) radiographic measurements of coverage. The algorithm developed automatically identifies the lateral- and medial-most edges of the acetabular lunate at one-degree intervals around the acetabular rim based on local radius of curvature. The acetabular edges and the center of a best-fit sphere to the femoral head are then used to compute the mean 3D subchondral arc angles and hip joint coverage angles in five acetabular octants. This algorithm was applied to hip models generated from pelvis/hip CT imaging or abdomen/pelvis CT angiograms of 50 patients between 17 and 25 years of age who had no history of congenital or developmental hip pathology, neuromuscular conditions, or bilateral pelvic and/or femoral fractures. Corresponding 2D acetabular coverage measures of lateral center edge angle (LCEA) and acetabular arc angle (AAA) were assessed on the patients' clinical or digitally reconstructed radiographs. The 3D subchondral arc angle in the superior region (58.0 [54.6-64.8] degrees) was significantly higher (p < 0.001) than all other acetabular subregions. The 3D hip joint coverage angle in the superior region (26.2 [20.7-28.5] degrees) was also significantly higher (p < 0.001) than all other acetabular subregions. 3D superior hip joint coverage angle demonstrated the strongest correlation with 2D LCEA (r = 0.649, p < 0.001), while 3D superior-anterior subchondral arc angle demonstrated the strongest correlation with 2D AAA (r = 0.718, p < 0.001). The 3D coverage metrics in the remaining acetabular regions did not strongly correlate with typical 2D radiographic measures. The discrepancy between standard 2D measures of radiographic acetabular coverage and actual 3D coverage identified on advanced imaging indicates potential discord between anatomic coverage and the standard clinical measures of coverage on 2D imaging. As 2D measurement of acetabular coverage is increasingly used to guide surgical decision-making to address acetabular deformities, this work would suggest that 3D measures of acetabular coverage may be important to help discriminate local coverage deficiencies, avoid inconsistencies resulting from differences in radiographic measurement techniques, and provide a better understanding of acetabular coverage in the hip joint, potentially altering surgical planning and guiding surgical technique.

RESUMEN

OBJECTIVES: To investigate the in vivo diagnostic agreement between visual examination (VE) using the International Caries Detection and Assessment System (ICDAS) and an automated scanner system for detecting and classifying carious lesions in primary teeth. METHODS: 5-year-old children (n = 216) underwent VE and intraoral scanning (TRIOS 4, 3Shape TRIOS A/S, Copenhagen, Denmark). Dental caries experience was recorded for each tooth surface using ICDAS. An automated, fluorescence-based caries scoring system was applied to eligible primary teeth occlusal surfaces on the 3D models using commercially available software. The automated system classified surfaces as sound, initial caries (ICDAS 01/02), or moderate-extensive caries (ICDAS ≥03). The diagnostic agreement was investigated using multi-level modelling and intraclass correlation coefficients. Analyses were repeated at both the initial threshold (ICDAS ≥01) and the moderate-extensive threshold (ICDAS ≥03). RESULTS: 213 participants were included in the study, and 1525 primary molar occlusal surfaces were included in the analysis. The odds of detecting caries using the automated system were 46 % lower at the initial disease threshold (OR 0.54, 95 % CI 0.39-0.74) and 70 % lower at the moderate-extensive disease threshold (OR 0.30, 95 % CI 0.16-0.58) compared to VE. The intraclass correlation estimates at the initial and moderate-extensive thresholds were 0.90 (95 % CI 0.70-0.96) and 0.76 (95 % CI 0.22-0.94) respectively. CONCLUSION: The automated system is less likely to detect initial lesions and is more likely to underestimate lesion severity relative to visual examination using ICDAS. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE: Clinically, using the automated tool to replace thorough visual inspection in primary teeth could result in missed opportunities to provide professional or self-care to arrest or reverse early disease. Additionally, it could misclassify moderate lesions as initial caries, potentially leading to complications associated with the delayed management of dental caries.

Asunto(s)

RESUMEN

OBJECTIVES: The objective of this study is to assess accuracy, time-efficiency and consistency of a novel artificial intelligence (AI)-driven automated tool for cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) and intraoral scan (IOS) registration compared with manual and semi-automated approaches. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A dataset of 31 intraoral scans (IOSs) and CBCT scans was used to validate automated IOS-CBCT registration (AR) when compared with manual (MR) and semi-automated registration (SR). CBCT scans were conducted by placing cotton rolls between the cheeks and teeth to facilitate gingival delineation. The time taken to perform multimodal registration was recorded in seconds. A qualitative analysis was carried out to assess the correspondence between hard and soft tissue anatomy on IOS and CBCT. In addition, a quantitative analysis was conducted by measuring median surface deviation (MSD) and root mean square (RMS) differences between registered IOSs. RESULTS: AR was the most time-efficient, taking 51.4 ± 17.2 s, compared with MR (840 ± 168.9 s) and SR approaches (274.7 ± 100.7 s). Both AR and SR resulted in significantly higher qualitative scores, favoring perfect IOS-CBCT registration, compared with MR (p = .001). Additionally, AR demonstrated significantly superior quantitative performance compared with SR, as indicated by low MSD (0.04 ± 0.07 mm) and RMS (0.19 ± 0.31 mm). In contrast, MR exhibited a significantly higher discrepancy compared with both AR (MSD = 0.13 ± 0.20 mm; RMS = 0.32 ± 0.14 mm) and SR (MSD = 0.11 ± 0.15 mm; RMS = 0.40 ± 0.30 mm). CONCLUSIONS: The novel AI-driven method provided an accurate, time-efficient, and consistent multimodal IOS-CBCT registration, encompassing both soft and hard tissues. This approach stands as a valuable alternative to manual and semi-automated registration approaches in the presurgical implant planning workflow.

RESUMEN

PURPOSE: To assess the association between minimal ablative margin (MAM) and local tumor progression (LTP) following CT-guided thermal ablation of colorectal liver metastases (CRLM) in a multicenter cohort and across two confirmation software. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This multicenter retrospective study included patients who underwent CT-guided radiofrequency or microwave ablation for CRLM between 2009 and 2021 in three institutions. Three-dimensional (3D) MAM was retrospectively assessed using dedicated ablation confirmation software by automatic non-rigid (Ablation-fit) or semi-automatic rigid co-registration (SAFIR) of intraprocedural pre- and post-ablation contrast-enhanced CT scans by two independent reader teams blinded to patient outcomes. LTP was assessed on a per-tumor basis. Factors associated with LTP-free survival were assessed using multivariable Cox regression analysis. RESULTS: Overall, 113 patients (mean age: 67 ± 10 years; 78 men) who underwent thermal ablation for 189 CRLM (mean diameter: 1.9 ± 1.1 cm) met the inclusion criteria. 173/189 (92%) CRLM could be successfully analyzed using both software. Over a median follow-up of 31 months (IQR: 22-47), 21 of 173 CRLM (12.1%) developed LTP. On multivariable analysis, 3D MAM was independently associated with LTP in both software (Ablation-fit: HR 0.47, 95% CI: 0.36-0.61, p < 0.001; SAFIR: HR 0.42, 95% CI: 0.32-0.55, p < 0.001). No LTP was observed in CRLM ablated with MAM ≥ 4 mm (Ablation-fit) and ≥ 5 mm (SAFIR). The per-tumor median absolute difference in MAM quantification between both software was 2 mm (IQR: 1-3). CONCLUSION: MAM was independently associated with LTP after thermal ablation of CRLM across multicenter data and two confirmation software. Ablations achieving a MAM ≥ 5 mm were associated with local control in both software. CLINICAL RELEVANCE STATEMENT: MAMs from intraprocedural contrast-enhanced CT were independently associated with LTP after thermal ablation of CRLM across multicenter data and two confirmation software, with a margin ≥ 5 mm associated with local control in both software. KEY POINTS: Sufficient ablative margins are critical for local control following thermal ablation of CRLM. Intraprocedural CT-derived MAM was the only independent factor associated with LTP across two confirmation software. No LTP was observed in CRLM ablated with a MAM ≥ 5 mm.

RESUMEN

BACKGROUND: The complex anatomy of peripheral nerves has been traditionally investigated through histological microsections, with inherent limitations. We aimed to compare three-dimensional (3D) reconstructions of median and ulnar nerves acquired with tomographic high-resolution ultrasound (HRUS) and magnetic resonance microscopy (MRM) and assess their capacity to depict intraneural anatomy. METHODS: Three fresh-frozen human upper extremity specimens were prepared for HRUS imaging by submersion in a water medium. The median and ulnar nerves were pierced with sutures to improve orientation during imaging. Peripheral nerve 3D HRUS scanning was performed on the mid-upper arm using a broadband linear probe (10-22 MHz) equipped with a tomographic 3D HRUS system. Following excision, nerves were cut into 16-mm segments and loaded into the MRM probe of a 9.4-T system (scanning time 27 h). Fascicle and nerve counting was performed to estimate the nerve volume, fascicle volume, fascicle count, and number of interfascicular connections. HRUS reconstructions employed artificial intelligence-based algorithms, while MRM reconstructions were generated using an open-source imaging software 3D slicer. RESULTS: Compared to MRM, 3D HRUS underestimated nerve volume by up to 22% and volume of all fascicles by up to 11%. Additionally, 3D HRUS depicted 6-60% fewer fascicles compared to MRM and visualized approximately half as many interfascicular connections. CONCLUSION: MRM demonstrated a more detailed fascicular depiction compared to 3D HRUS, with a greater capacity for visualizing smaller fascicles. While 3D HRUS reconstructions can offer supplementary data in peripheral nerve assessment, their limitations in depicting interfascicular connections and small fascicles within clusters necessitate cautious interpretation. CLINICAL RELEVANCE STATEMENT: Although 3D HRUS reconstructions can offer supplementary data in peripheral nerve assessment, even in intraoperative settings, their limitations in depicting interfascicular branches and small fascicles within clusters require cautious interpretation. KEY POINTS: 3D HRUS was limited in visualizing nerve interfascicular connections. MRM demonstrated better nerve fascicle depiction than 3D HRUS. MRM depicted more nerve interfascicular connections than 3D HRUS.

Asunto(s)

RESUMEN

OBJECTIVES: To compare the diagnostic accuracy of 3D contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS)/MRI-CEUS fusion imaging with 2D-CEUS in assessing the response of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) to locoregional therapies in a multicenter prospective study. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A consecutive series of patients with HCC scheduled for locoregional treatment were enrolled between April 2021 and March 2023. Patients were randomly divided into 3D-CEUS/MRI-CEUS fusion imaging group (3D/fusion group) or 2D-CEUS group (2D group). CEUS was performed 1 week before and 4-6 weeks after locoregional treatment. Contrast-enhanced MRI (CE-MRI) 4-6 weeks after treatment was set as the reference standard. CEUS images were evaluated for the presence or absence of viable tumors. Diagnostic performance criteria, including sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, and area under the curve (AUC), were determined for each modality. RESULTS: A total of 140 patients were included, 70 patients in the 2D group (mean age, 60.2 ± 10.4 years) and 70 patients in the 3D/fusion group (mean age, 59.8 ± 10.6 years). The sensitivity of the 3D/fusion group was 100.0% (95% CI: 75.9, 100.0), higher than that of the 2D group (55.6%, 95% CI: 22.7, 84.7; p = 0.019). The specificity of the 3D/fusion group was 96.3% (95% CI: 86.2, 99.4), which was comparable to that of the 2D group (98.4%, 95% CI: 90.0, 99.9; p = 0.915). The AUC of the 3D/fusion group was 0.98 (95% CI: 0.95, 1.00), higher than that of the 2D group (0.77, 95% CI: 0.56, 0.98; p = 0.020). CONCLUSION: 3D-CEUS/MRI-CEUS fusion imaging exhibits superior diagnostic accuracy in evaluating the treatment response to locoregional therapies for HCC. CLINICAL RELEVANCE STATEMENT: 3D-CEUS/MRI-CEUS fusion imaging can be applied for post-treatment assessment of residual tumors in HCC undergoing locoregional treatment, offering potential benefits in terms of accurate diagnosis and clinical management. KEY POINTS: Evaluating for HCC recurrence following locoregional therapy is important. 3D-CEUS/MRI-CEUS fusion imaging achieved a higher sensitivity than 2D-CEUS in assessing residual tumors after locoregional therapies. 3D-CEUS/MRI-CEUS fusion imaging can help clinicians intervene early in residual HCC lesions after locoregional treatment.

RESUMEN

Purpose: The objective of this study was to determine the minimum number of teeth in the anterior dental arch that would yield accurate results for individual identification in forensic contexts. Materials and Methods: The study involved the analysis of 28 sets of 3-dimensional (3D) point cloud data, focused on the labial surface of the anterior teeth. These datasets were superimposed within each group in both genuine and imposter pairs. Group A incorporated data from the right to the left central incisor, group B from the right to the left lateral incisor, and group C from the right to the left canine. A comprehensive analysis was conducted, including the evaluation of root mean square error (RMSE) values and the distances resulting from the superimposition of dental arch segments. All analyses were conducted using CloudCompare version 2.12.4 (Telecom ParisTech and R&D, Kyiv, Ukraine). Results: The distances between genuine pairs in groups A, B, and C displayed an average range of 0.153 to 0.184 mm. In contrast, distances for imposter pairs ranged from 0.338 to 0.522 mm. RMSE values for genuine pairs showed an average range of 0.166 to 0.177, whereas those for imposter pairs ranged from 0.424 to 0.638. A statistically significant difference was observed between the distances of genuine and imposter pairs (P<0.05). Conclusion: The exceptional performance observed for the labial surfaces of anterior teeth underscores their potential as a dependable criterion for accurate 3D dental identification. This was achieved by assessing a minimum of 4 teeth.

RESUMEN

OBJECTIVE: To perform a systematic literature review on the diagnostic utility of 3D MRI sequences in the assessment of central canal, recess and foraminal stenosis in the spine. METHODS: The databases PubMed, MEDLINE (via OVID) and The Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, were searched for studies that investigated the diagnostic use of 3D MRI to evaluate stenoses in various parts of the spine in humans. Three reviewers examined the literature and conducted systematic review according to PRISMA 2020 guidelines. RESULTS: Thirty studies were retrieved from 2 595 publications for this systematic review. The overall diagnostic performance of 3D MRI outperformed the conventional 2D MRI with reported sensitivities ranging from 79 to 100% and specificities ranging from 86 to 100% regarding the evaluation of central, recess and foraminal stenoses. In general, high level of agreement (both intra- and interrater) regarding visibility and pathology on 3D sequences was reported. Studies show that well-optimized 3D sequences allow the use of higher spatial resolution, similar scan time and increased SNR and CNR when compared to corresponding 2D sequences. However, the benefit of 3D sequences is in the additional information provided by them and in the possibility to save total protocol scan times. CONCLUSION: The literature on the spine 3D MRI assessment of stenoses is heterogeneous with varying MRI protocols and diagnostic results. However, the 3D sequences offer similar or superior detection of stenoses with high reliability. Especially, the advantage of 3D MRI seems to be the better evaluation of recess stenoses.

RESUMEN

BACKGROUND: Cranial ultrasound is frequently performed in neonatal intensive care units and acquiring 2-dimensional (D) images requires significant training. Three-D ultrasound images can be acquired semi-automatically. OBJECTIVE: This proof-of-concept study aimed to demonstrate that 3-D study image quality compares well with 2-D. If this is successful, 3-D images could be acquired in remote areas and read remotely by experts. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This was a prospective study of 20 neonates, who underwent both routine 2-D and 3-D cranial ultrasounds. Images were reconstructed into standard views extracted from the 3-D volume and evaluated by three radiologists blinded to the acquisition method. The radiologists assessed for the presence of anatomical landmarks and overall image quality. RESULTS: More anatomical structures were identified in the 3-D studies (P<0.01). There was a trend that 3-D ultrasound demonstrated better image quality in the coronal plane, and 2-D in the sagittal plane, only reaching statistical significance for two coronal views and two sagittal views. CONCLUSION: Overall, this study has demonstrated that 3-D cranial ultrasound performs similarly to 2-D and could be implemented into neonatal practice.

Asunto(s)

RESUMEN

OBJECTIVE: To report the learning curve of multiple operators for fusion magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) targeted biopsy and to determine the number of cases needed to achieve proficiency. MATERIALS AND METHODS: All adult males who underwent fusion MRI targeted biopsy between February 2012 and July 2021 for clinically suspected prostate cancer (PCa) in a single centre were included. Fusion transrectal MRI targeted biopsy was performed under local anaesthesia using the Koelis platform. Learning curves for segmentation of transrectal ultrasonography (TRUS) images and the overall MRI targeted biopsy procedure were estimated with locally weighted scatterplot smoothing by computing each operator's timestamps for consecutive procedures. Non-risk-adjusted cumulative sum (CUSUM) methods were used to create learning curves for clinically significant (i.e., International Society of Urological Pathology grade ≥ 2) PCa detection. RESULTS: Overall, 1721 patients underwent MRI targeted biopsy in our centre during the study period. The median (interquartile range) times for TRUS segmentation and for the MRI targeted biopsy procedure were 4.5 (3.5, 6.0) min and 13.2 (10.6, 16.9) min, respectively. Among the 14 operators with experience of more than 50 cases, a plateau was reached after 40 cases for TRUS segmentation time and 50 cases for overall MRI targeted biopsy procedure time. CUSUM analysis showed that the learning curve for clinically significant PCa detection required 25 to 45 procedures to achieve clinical proficiency. Pain scores ranged between 0 and 1 for 84% of patients, and a plateau phase was reached after 20 to 100 cases. CONCLUSIONS: A minimum of 50 cases of MRI targeted biopsy are necessary to achieve clinical and technical proficiency and to reach reproducibility in terms of timing, clinically significant PCa detection, and pain.

Asunto(s)

RESUMEN

OBJECTIVE(S): This study aims to evaluate the influence of the piezocision surgery in the orthodontic biomechanics, as well as in the magnitude and direction of tooth movement in the mandibular arch using novel artificial intelligence (AI)-automated tools. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Nineteen patients, who had piezocision performed in the lower arch at the beginning of treatment with the goal of accelerating tooth movement, were compared to 19 patients who did not receive piezocision. Cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) and intraoral scans (IOS) were acquired before and after orthodontic treatment. AI-automated dental tools were used to segment and locate landmarks in dental crowns from IOS and root canals from CBCT scans to quantify 3D tooth movement. Differences in mesial-distal, buccolingual, intrusion and extrusion linear movements, as well as tooth long axis angulation and rotation were compared. RESULTS: The treatment time for the control and experimental groups were 13.2 ± 5.06 and 13 ± 5.52 months respectively (P = .176). Overall, anterior and posterior tooth movement presented similar 3D linear and angular changes in the groups. The piezocision group demonstrated greater (P = .01) mesial long axis angulation of lower right first premolar (4.4 ± 6°) compared with control group (0.02 ± 4.9°), while the mesial rotation was significantly smaller (P = .008) in the experimental group (0.5 ± 7.8°) than in the control (8.5 ± 9.8°) considering the same tooth. CONCLUSION: The open source-automated dental tools facilitated the clinicians' assessment of piezocision treatment outcomes. The piezocision surgery prior to the orthodontic treatment did not decrease the treatment time and did not influence in the orthodontic biomechanics, leading to similar tooth movements compared to conventional treatment.

Asunto(s)

RESUMEN

Objective:To explore the feasibility and effect of applying spherical fitting technology in CT three-dimensional reconstruction in preoperative planning of the resection range of Cam-type femoral acetabular impingement (FAI).Methods:46 Cam-type FAI patients who underwent arthroscopic femoroplasty in the Department of Sports Medicine in the Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University from July 2020 to June 2022 were enrolled in the spherical fitting group, including 26 females and 20 males, with an average age of 38.4±15.2 years (range of 24-53 years). The preoperative planning was performed using spherical fitting technology in CT three-dimensional reconstruction. Another 42 Cam-type FAI patients who underwent arthroscopic femoroplasty from July 2018 to June 2020 were enrolled in the observation group, including 25 females and 17 males, with an average age of 43.6±18.4 years (range 24-61 years). The preoperative planning was performed using CT three-dimensional reconstruction observation method. This study evaluated the impact of femoroplasty planned by spherical fitting technique on patients' prognosis though comparing the differences of postoperative α angle, femoral head-neck offset ratio, modified Harris hip score (mHHS), and visual analog score (VAS) at 3, 6, 9, and 12 months between two groups.Results:The average follow-up time was 11.8±0.6 months in spherical fitting group and 11.3±0.8 months in observation group. There was no significant difference regarding α angle, femoral head-neck offset ratio, mHHS, and VAS between two groups preoperatively ( P>0.05). The mHHS in two groups increased gradually, while VAS decreased sequentially at 3, 6, 9, and 12 months postoperatively. The postoperative mHHS and VAS were significantly better than those before surgery ( P<0.05). The mHHS was 83.2±14.8 vs. 70.5±11.2 in spherical fitting group and observation group at the followup of 9 months with significant difference ( t=4.471, P=0.007). It was 85.7±13.3 vs. 73.2±12.5 at the followup of 12 months with significant difference ( t=4.596, P=0.008). No significant difference was found in α angle, femoral head-neck offset ratio or mHHS at 3 and 6 months postoperatively ( P>0.05), and no significant difference was found in VAS at 3, 6, 9, and 12 months postoperatively between two groups. Conclusion:The spherical fitting technology in CT three-dimensional reconstruction could assist surgeons with planning of the resection range of Cam deformity preoperatively, and achieve a smooth progress of arthroscopic femoroplasty intraoperatively; after short term follow-up, we found that patients who underwent femoroplasty using this technology achieved satisfactory outcomes.

RESUMEN

Placenta accreta spectrum (PAS) disorders are one of the important causes of adverse pregnancy outcomes. Some studies reported that the limitations in commonly used auxiliary examination methods led to missed or misdiagnosis, resulting in adverse pregnancy outcomes. Digital three-dimensional (3D) reconstruction is the 3D graphical visualization constructed on the original data to illustrate the spatial relationship between structures, overcoming the limitations of two-dimensional images. As a novel auxiliary diagnostic tool, digital 3D reconstruction provides promising insights into the development of personalized precision medicine. This article reviews the research and application of ultrasound and MRI 3D reconstruction in the field of PAS.

RESUMEN

Objective:To investigate the value of three-dimensional reconstruction combined with serum carbohydrate antigen 19-9 (CA19-9) and carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) detection in the diagnosis and resectability evaluation of hilar cholangiocarcinoma (HCCA) before resectable lymph node metastasis.Methods:A total of 65 patients with suspected HCCA who were treated at Yiwu Central Hospital from June 2019 to June 2022 were included in the observation group. Thirty healthy people who concurrently underwent physical examinations in the same hospital were included in the control group. All participants underwent a CT three-dimensional reconstruction examination. Simultaneously, the automatic electrochemiluminescence immunoassay analyzer was used to measure serum levels of CA19-9 and CEA. The outcomes of percutaneous transhepatic cholangiography were used as the "gold standard". The consistency between CT three-dimensional reconstruction, CA19-9 detection, and CEA detection, either individually or combined, and the "gold standard" in the diagnosis of HCCA was evaluated.Results:Serum levels of CA19-9 and CEA in the observation group were (62.71 ± 10.63) U/mL and (62.71 ± 10.63) ng/mL, respectively, which were significantly higher than those in the control group [(12.37 ± 7.39) U/mL, (1.31 ± 0.97) ng/mL, t = 23.43, 11.59, both P < 0.05). The levels of CA19-9 [(71.69 ± 12.37) U/mL] and CEA [(8.89 ± 3.51) ng/mL] in patients with HCCA who had lymph node metastasis were significantly higher than those in patients with HCCA who had no lymph node metastasis [CA19-9 (56.78 ± 10.16) U/mL, CEA (6.45 ± 2.11) ng/mL, t = 4.14, 2.76, both P < 0.05].Compared with histopathological examination, the accuracy of CT three-dimensional reconstruction in typing was 85.00%. According to the "gold standard" diagnosis, CT three-dimensional reconstruction, CA19-9 detection, and CEA detection, alone and their combination, successfully detected HCCA in 22 cases (55.00%), 26 cases (65.00%), 31 cases (77.50%), and 38 cases (95.00%), respectively. The detection rate of HCCA was the highest when CT three-dimensional reconstruction, CA19-9 detection, and CEA detection were combined, and the difference was statistically significant ( χ2 = 18.15, P < 0.05). Compared with CT three-dimensional reconstruction (AUC: 0.808), CA19-9 detection (AUC: 0.721), and CEA detection (AUC: 0.703) individually, their combination (AUC: 0.913) had the highest value in the diagnosis of HCCA (all P < 0.05). Conclusion:CT three-dimensional reconstruction, CA19-9 detection, and CEA detection have a certain diagnostic value for HCCA, but the combination of CT three-dimensional reconstruction with the detection of serum levels of CA19-9 and CEA has a higher diagnostic value for HCCA, providing an effective reference for the preoperative evaluation of the resectability of HCCA in the clinic.

RESUMEN

3D image fusion technology can fuse image data before and during interventional treatments with mediator of cone-beam CT and guide interventional operations,which might significantly improve the success rate of interventional treatment of aortic lesions and reduce radiation exposure,iodine contrast agent dosage and operation time,etc.The research progresses of 3D image fusion technology for guiding endovascular treatment of aortic lesions were reviewed in this article.

RESUMEN

Objective:To analyze the diagnostic value of transvaginal two-dimensional ultrasound and three-dimensional ultrasound volume imaging (3DVI) technology for intrauterine adhesions.Methods:A total of 120 suspected patients with intrauterine adhesions admitted to Beijing Tongzhou District Maternal and Child Health Hospital from July 2022 to June 2023 were selected as the research subjects. All patients underwent transvaginal two-dimensional ultrasound and 3DVI technology examination, and the diagnostic value of vaginal two-dimensional ultrasound and 3DVI technology single examination and combined examination was compared based on the results of hysteroscopy examination as the gold standard; Comparison of ultrasound parameters between the intrauterine adhesions group and the non intrauterine adhesions group, as well as patients with different degrees of intrauterine adhesions [endometrial thickness (ED), endometrial volume (EV), vascular index (VI), blood flow index (FI), vascular comprehensive index (VFI)].Results:Among 120 suspected patients with intrauterine adhesions, 104 cases were positive in hysteroscopy examination, with a positive rate of 86.67%. Among them, 50 cases were mild, 36 cases were moderate, and 18 cases were severe. 76 cases were positive in vaginal two-dimensional ultrasound examination, with a positive rate of 63.33%; 79 cases were positive for 3DVI technology examination, with a positive rate of 65.83%; The combined examination results of vaginal two-dimensional ultrasound and 3DVI technology were positive in 87 cases, with a positive rate of 72.50%. The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value of vaginal two-dimensional ultrasound examination were 68.27%, 68.75%, 93.42%, and 25.00%, respectively. The 3DVI technique examination was 73.08%, 81.25%, 96.20%, and 31.71%, respectively. The combined examination was 83.65%, 100.00%, 100.00%, and 48.48%, respectively. The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value of the combined examination were all higher than those of vaginal two-dimensional ultrasound examination (all P<0.05). 104 cases in the intrauterine adhesions group and 16 cases in the non intrauterine adhesions group; The ED, EV, VI, FI, and VFI of the intrauterine adhesions group were lower than those of the non intrauterine adhesions group (all P<0.05). The differences in ED, EV, and VI among patients with different degrees of intrauterine adhesions were statistically significant (all P<0.05); The ED, EV, and VI in the moderate group were lower than those in the mild group (all P<0.05), while the ED, EV, and VI in the severe group were lower than those in the mild and moderate groups (all P<0.05), and the FI was lower than those in the mild group ( P<0.05). Conclusions:Transvaginal two-dimensional ultrasound combined with 3DVI technology has high diagnostic value for intrauterine adhesions and can be used to evaluate the degree of intrauterine adhesions.

RESUMEN

Objective To observe the value of laparoscopic ultrasound(LUS)combined with CT three-dimensional reconstruction for guiding laparoscopic hepatectomy(LH).Methods Data of 78 hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)patients who underwent LH were retrospectively analyzed.The patients were divided into observation group(n=46)or control group(n=32)based on whether underwent preoperative CT three-dimensional reconstruction and LUS.Clinical data,perioperative data and prognosis were compared between groups.Results No significant difference of clinical data was found(all P＞0.05),whereas significant differences of tumor body mainly location,resection method,tumor resection margin,surgical operation time,intraoperative blood loss,postoperative hospital stay,postoperative complication grading and incidence were found between groups(all P＜0.05).During follow-up period,15 patients died in observation group and 14 died in control group.Significant difference of disease-free survival rate was detected between groups(x2=4.210,P=0.040).Conclusion LUS combined with CT three-dimensional reconstruction for guiding LH could reduce intraoperative injury and complication incidence,improving disease-free survival rate of HCC patients.

RESUMEN

ObjectiveTo systematically evaluate the efficacy and safety of three-dimensional visualization technology in assisting ablation therapy for hepatocellular carcinoma. MethodsThis study was conducted according to PRISMA guidelines， with a PROSPERO registration number of CRD42023488398. PubMed， Embase， Web of Science， the Cochrane Library， CNKI， Wanfang Data， VIP， and CBM were searched for Chinese and English articles on three-dimensional visualization technology in assisting ablation therapy for hepatocellular carcinoma published up to March 2023. After quality assessment and data extraction of the studies included， RevMan 5.4 software was used to perform the meta-analysis. ResultsA total of 11 studies were included， with 972 patients in total， among whom 447 underwent ablation assisted by three-dimensional visualization technology （3D group） and 525 underwent ablation assisted by traditional two-dimensional imaging technology （2D group）. The meta-analysis showed that compared with the 2D group， the 3D group had significantly higher success rate of first-time ablation treatment （odds ratio ［OR］=5.43， 95% confidence interval ［CI］： 2.64‍ ‍—‍ ‍11.18， P<0.001）， technical efficiency （OR=6.15， 95%CI： 3.23‍ ‍—‍ ‍11.70， P<0.001）， and complete ablation rate （OR=2.50， 95%CI： 1.08‍ ‍—‍ ‍5.78， P=0.03）， as well as significantly lower incidence rate of major complications （OR=0.45， 95%CI： 0.24‍ ‍—‍ ‍0.87， P=0.02）， local recurrence rate （OR=0.35， 95%CI： 0.17‍ ‍—‍ ‍0.72， P=0.004）， and local tumor progression rate （OR=0.29， 95%CI： 0.16‍ ‍—‍ ‍0.50， P<0.001）， while there was no significant difference in the incidence rate of mild complications between the two groups （P>0.05）. ConclusionThree-dimensional visualization technology is safe and feasible in assisting ablation therapy for hepatocellular carcinoma and can improve ablation rate and reduce the incidence rate of serious complications， local recurrence rate， and local tumor progression rate， thereby showing an important application value in clinical practice.

RESUMEN

Purpose: This study was conducted to compare dental plaque scores obtained through clinical examinations and various imaging techniques, as well as to assess the effectiveness of herbal and conventional toothpastes for plaque removal. Material and Methods: Thirty volunteers were divided into 3 groups. Each group was given a different toothpaste (from 2 herbal toothpastes and a conventional toothpaste) with which to brush their teeth for 21 days. Both initially and after brushing, dental plaque samples were collected, and plaque on the buccal surfaces of anterior teeth was scored using several imaging systems after staining with a disclosing agent. Specifically, digital dental photography, intraoral digital scanning, and FluoreCam imaging were employed to capture intraoral images. The Turesky Modified Quigley-Hein Plaque Index was used for clinical examination and image analysis. Quantitative polymerase chain reaction analyses and correlational assessments between clinical examination and imaging scores were conducted before and after toothpaste use. The Shapiro-Wilk test and Pearson correlations were utilized. Results: The lowest mean value was observed in the clinical examination without staining, while the highest was obtained using the FluoreCam method. No significant change was found in the level of any microorganism assessed following toothpaste use (P<0.05), with the exception of a decrease in S. mutans levels after using conventional toothpaste (P<0.05). Conclusion: Herbal toothpaste demonstrated plaque-removal effectiveness comparable to that of conventional toothpaste. The use of imaging methods for measuring plaque index has been suggested as a means to educate patients about plaque control and promote ongoing oral care.

RESUMEN

Two-dimensional video analysis systems (2DVAS) are commonly used by clinicians and researchers to determine angles during running. The aim of this systematic review (PROSPERO: CRD42022322798) was to synthesize the literature on the criterion validity and reliability of 2DVAS for measuring angles during running compared to three-dimensional motion analysis systems (3DMAS). We searched for articles on MEDLINE/Pubmed, EMBASE, SciELO, and LILACS up to October/2022. We included studies that evaluated the validity of 2DVAS (when compared to 3DMAS) and/or the reliability of 2DVAS measurements of lower limb and trunk angles during running. Qualitative and quantitative analyses were performed. Seven hundred and five studies were found and 17 were included. Ten studies analysed criterion validity between 2DVAS and 3DMAS and the results ranged from poor to excellent, with most of the parameters assessed presenting poor or moderate validity. Inter-rater reliability of 2DVAS was assessed in nine studies and most of the parameters investigated had good to excellent reliability. Intra-rater reliability (between-day processing) of angular running parameters - investigated in ten studies - was considered excellent for most of the parameters analysed. Inter-session reliability was assessed in three studies and was defined as good or excellent for most of the variables assessed. 2DVAS is a reliable method for measuring joint angles during running. However, the validity of 2DVAS compared to 3DMAS ranges from low to moderate for most running parameters. Therefore, based on the available evidence, caution should be taken when applying 2DVAS, particularly for frontal and transverse plane angles.