RESUMEN
Disease knowledge, illness perceptions, and quality of life (QOL) were examined in 150 adolescents (mean age = 16.1 years, SD = 1.9; 49.3% males) with sickle cell disease (SCD). Females had higher knowledge (P = .004), lower QOL (P = .02), and perceived their illness to be more unpredictable (P = .03). Those with more severe disease perceived their illness to be unpredictable with worse outcomes. Those with higher knowledge scores perceived their illness to be chronic, made more sense of their illness, and perceived greater personal and treatment control. Final hierarchical regression model showed that secondary education as compared to primary education level (P < .001) was positively correlated whereas disease severity (P < .001), perceived unpredictability (P = .024), and negative emotions (P < .001) were negatively correlated with QOL. Health practitioners should assess adolescents' illness perceptions and encouraging continuing schooling and addressing emotional/psychological problems could improve their QOL.
RESUMEN
RESUMO O objetivo deste estudo foi proceder à análise fatorial exploratória da versão brasileira do Questionário de Percepção de Doenças Versão Breve (Brief IPQ). Participaram 325 pessoas adultas portadoras de enfermidades crônicas. A análise pelo método dos eixos principais, com rotação varimax, extraiu dois fatores: o Fator 1 (quatro itens; alfa de Cronbach = 0,80) denominado representação emocional e o Fator 2 (três itens; alfa de Cronbach = 0,52) nomeado representação cognitiva. Embora a solução fatorial encontrada no presente estudo tenha diferido, em parte, da proposta teórica do Modelo de Autorregulação de Leventhal, a versão brasileira do Brief IPQ pode ser considerada válida e confiável para avaliar a percepção de doenças no contexto de enfermidades crônicas.
ABSTRACT The objective of this study was to conduct an exploratory factor analysis of the Brazilian version of the Brief Illness Perception Questionnaire (Brief IPQ). Participants were 325 adults with chronic illnesses. A principal axis factoring analysis with varimax rotation extracted two factors: Factor 1 (four items, alpha = 0.80) named emotional representation and Factor 2 (three items, alpha = 0.52) named cognitive representation. Although the factor solution found in the present study differed in part from the Leventhal's Self-Regulation Model, the Brazilian version of the Brief IPQ can be considered a valid and reliable measure to assess the perception of illness in the context of chronic diseases.
RESUMEN
Antecedentes: La percepción de la enfermedad es una representación cognitiva que influye directamente en la respuesta emocional del paciente a su enfermedad y su comportamiento para hacer frente a esta, haciendo referencia a las percepciones cognitivas (identidad, las consecuencias de la enfermedad, la duración de esta, control personal y la eficacia del tratamiento), y a las percepciones emocionales (la conciencia sobre la enfermedad, las emociones generadas y la comprensión de esta).Objetivo: Determinar la percepción de la enfermedad en los pacientes con lupus eritematoso sistémico (LES) a través del cuestionario de percepción de enfermedad revisado (IPQ-R).Pacientes y métodos: Se realizó la aplicación del IPQ-R en 72 pacientes con LES para la estimación de la percepción de la enfermedad. Análisis estadístico: pruebas de hipótesis, estadístico chi-cuadrado, t de Student y estadística de Pearson.Resultados: IPQ-R puntuaciones: identidad 10,2 ± 4,3, duración (aguda / crónica) 18,1 ± 2,9, consecuencias 19,2 ± 3,7, control personal 19,8 ± 2,9, control de tratamiento 15, 5 ± 1,9, coherencia 14,7 ± 3,1, tiempo cíclico 14,2 ± 2,9, representaciones emocionales 18,3 ± 4,2. Teniendo en cuenta las variables sociodemográficas evidenciamos que los pacientes de mayor nivel educativo tienen menos confianza en que el tratamiento va a controlar la enfermedad y no lo entienden, de igual forma, los pacientes que entienden su enfermedad creen que el tratamiento es eficaz en el control del lupus. El estar desempleado se correlaciona con más síntomas de ansiedad y depresión a causa del LES; a medida que progresa la enfermedad, los pacientes más crónicos sienten mejor control personal sobre su enfermedad y a mayor número de recaídas sienten que tienen consecuencias más negativas en su vida, esto hace que atribuyan al LES más síntomas somáticos...
Background: Illness perception is a cognitive representation that directly influences the patient's emotional response to their disease and their behavior to cope with this. Illness perception focuses on cognitive perceptions (identity, consequences of the disease, duration of this, personal control, and treatment effectiveness) and emotional (awareness of the illness, emotions generated, and understanding of them).Objective: To determine illness perceptions in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) patients through the revised Illness Perception Questionnaire (IPQ-R). Patients and methods: A total of 72 patients participated. IPQR was used for the estimation of the illness perception. Statistical analysis: hypothesis tests, chi-square statistic, Student's t-test, Pearson statistic.Results: IPQ-R scores: Identity 10.2±4.3, Timeline (acute/chronic) 18.1±2.9, Consequences 19.2±3.7, Personal Control 19.8±2.9, Treatment control 15.5±1.9, Illness coherence 14.7±3.1, Cylcic timeline 14.2±2.9, Emotional representations 18.3±4,2. Considering sociodemographic variables, higher educational level patients are less confident that the treatment will control the disease and understand it less. Patients who understand their illness think that the treatment is effective in controlling the disease. Unemployment correlated with more symptoms of anxiety and depression due to the SLE. As the disease gets more chronic, patients feel they have better personal control over their illness, and a much higher number of flares bring more negative consequences to their lives, and leads to them having more somatic symptoms than those caused by SLE...