RESUMEN
ABSTRACT Introduction: The para-Bombay phenotype, or H-deficient secretor, results from different mutations of the FUT1, with or without the FUT2 mutation. Consequently, there is an absent or weak expression of the H antigen on red blood cells (RBCs). Routine ABO blood grouping for two siblings with blood group O showed discrepant results with their parental blood group AB. Fragments encompassing the entire coding region of the FUT1 and FUT2 genes were investigated. Methods: Blood and saliva specimens were collected to verify the correct ABO grouping by cell grouping, serum grouping and the hemagglutination inhibition (HI) test, respectively. The FUT1 and FUT2 genomes were identified using the whole-exome sequencing (WES) in two children's DNA blood specimens and may have caused, or been relative to, their blood group. Genetic variations of the FUT1 and FUT2 genes have been investigated in the other family members using the Sanger sequencing. Results: The serologic reaction results of the proband revealed that A, B and H antigens were absent on RBCs, and that the serum contained anti-H. However, ABH and AH antigens were present in the saliva PB1 and PB2, respectively. The probands PB1 and PB2 were assigned as AB and A blood groups, respectively. Blood genotyping confirmed that heterozygous mutations of the FUT1 gene, c.551_552delAG, were identified. Three family members, PB3, PB, and PB8, also showed normal ABO blood groups, but their genotypes were also the FUT1 mutation c.551_552delAG. Conclusions: The FUT1 mutation c.551_552delAG may result in the reduced or absent H antigen production on RBCs, which characterizes the para-Bombay phenotypes. Blood genotyping is essential if these individuals need a blood transfusion or are planning to donate blood.
RESUMEN
INTRODUCTION: The para-Bombay phenotype, or H-deficient secretor, results from different mutations of the FUT1, with or without the FUT2 mutation. Consequently, there is an absent or weak expression of the H antigen on red blood cells (RBCs). Routine ABO blood grouping for two siblings with blood group O showed discrepant results with their parental blood group AB. Fragments encompassing the entire coding region of the FUT1 and FUT2 genes were investigated. METHODS: Blood and saliva specimens were collected to verify the correct ABO grouping by cell grouping, serum grouping and the hemagglutination inhibition (HI) test, respectively. The FUT1 and FUT2 genomes were identified using the whole-exome sequencing (WES) in two children's DNA blood specimens and may have caused, or been relative to, their blood group. Genetic variations of the FUT1 and FUT2 genes have been investigated in the other family members using the Sanger sequencing. RESULTS: The serologic reaction results of the proband revealed that A, B and H antigens were absent on RBCs, and that the serum contained anti-H. However, ABH and AH antigens were present in the saliva PB1 and PB2, respectively. The probands PB1 and PB2 were assigned as AB and A blood groups, respectively. Blood genotyping confirmed that heterozygous mutations of the FUT1 gene, c.551_552delAG, were identified. Three family members, PB3, PB, and PB8, also showed normal ABO blood groups, but their genotypes were also the FUT1 mutation c.551_552delAG. CONCLUSIONS: The FUT1 mutation c.551_552delAG may result in the reduced or absent H antigen production on RBCs, which characterizes the para-Bombay phenotypes. Blood genotyping is essential if these individuals need a blood transfusion or are planning to donate blood.
RESUMEN
Host susceptibility according to human histo-blood group antigens (HBGAs) is widely known for norovirus infection, but is less described for rotavirus. Due to the variable HBGA polymorphism among populations, we aimed to evaluate the association between HBGA phenotypes (ABH, Lewis and secretor status) and susceptibility to rotavirus and norovirus symptomatic infection, and the polymorphisms of FUT2 and FUT3, of children from southeastern Brazil. Paired fecal-buccal specimens from 272 children with acute diarrhea were used to determine rotavirus/norovirus genotypes and HBGAs phenotypes/genotypes, respectively. Altogether, 100 (36.8%) children were infected with rotavirus and norovirus. The rotavirus P[8] genotype predominates (85.7%). Most of the noroviruses (93.8%) belonged to genogroup II (GII). GII.4 Sydney represented 76% (35/46) amongst five other genotypes. Rotavirus and noroviruses infected predominantly children with secretor status (97% and 98.5%, respectively). However, fewer rotavirus-infected children were Lewis-negative (8.6%) than the norovirus-infected ones (18.5%). FUT3 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) occurred mostly at the T59G > G508A > T202C > C314T positions. Our results reinforce the current knowledge that secretors are more susceptible to infection by both rotavirus and norovirus than non-secretors. The high rate for Lewis negative (17.1%) and the combination of SNPs, beyond the secretor status, may reflect the highly mixed population in Brazil.
Asunto(s)
Infecciones por Caliciviridae/genética , Diarrea/genética , Fucosiltransferasas/genética , Infecciones por Rotavirus/genética , Antígenos de Grupos Sanguíneos/genética , Brasil/epidemiología , Infecciones por Caliciviridae/epidemiología , Infecciones por Caliciviridae/virología , Niño , Preescolar , Diarrea/epidemiología , Diarrea/virología , Predisposición Genética a la Enfermedad/genética , Genotipo , Humanos , Lactante , Norovirus/genética , Norovirus/aislamiento & purificación , Fenotipo , Polimorfismo de Nucleótido Simple , Rotavirus/genética , Rotavirus/aislamiento & purificación , Infecciones por Rotavirus/epidemiología , Infecciones por Rotavirus/virología , Galactósido 2-alfa-L-FucosiltransferasaRESUMEN
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: The red blood cell Le(a-b-) phenotype was proposed as risk factor for type 1 diabetes, but contradictory results were published elsewhere. This study re-examined the potential association between Lewis histo-blood group system and type 1 diabetes. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Patients and controls of both sexes, Caucasians and non-Caucasians, matched by sex, geographical origin and ethnicity were evaluated. The red blood cell Lewis phenotypes were identified by gel column agglutination and also inferred from the FUT2 and FUT3 genotyping. RESULTS: The Le(a-b-) phenotype was prevalent in patients with type 1 diabetes, and the Le(a-b+) phenotype was prevalent in controls when both were determined by gel columns agglutination. No differences were observed in the frequencies of the Le(a-b-) phenotype inferred from the FUT2 and FUT3 genotyping between patients and controls. CONCLUSIONS: The Lewis red blood cell phenotyping and genotyping reveal divergence in the association of Le(a-b-) phenotype and type 1 diabetes.
Asunto(s)
Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 1/sangre , Genotipo , Antígenos del Grupo Sanguíneo de Lewis/genética , Fenotipo , Adolescente , Adulto , Estudios de Casos y Controles , Niño , Preescolar , Femenino , Fucosiltransferasas/genética , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Galactósido 2-alfa-L-FucosiltransferasaRESUMEN
El estado secretor de un individuo está determinado por el gen Secretor (FUT2), responsable de la presencia de antígenos ABH en las secreciones del organismo. El polimorfismo del gen FUT2 muestra una gran variabilidad dependiente del tipo de población. Alrededor del 20% de los individuos caucásicos son nosecretores y presentan la mutación G428A. El objetivo de este trabajo fue estudiar las variables alélicas del gen FUT2 en una población de Rosario. Se trabajó con muestras de sangre periférica de dadores voluntarios (n=1728). Se determinó el estado secretor en plasma y saliva y el fenotipo Lewis. El ADN genómico fue extraído por la técnica de salting-out modificada y fue analizado por ASA-PCR con cebadores específicos para el alelo G428A y para el alelo wild type del gen FUT2. Los resultados obtenidos mostraron que el 77% de los individuos investigados fueron secretores y presentaron el fenotipo Lewis Le(a-b+). El polimorfismo G428A estuvo presente en homocigosis en un 7.5%, valor menor al reportado en la bibliografía para la población caucásica. El análisis molecular del gen FUT2 confirmaría la diversidad genética de la población investigada y podría ser utilizada como un marcador poblacional.
The secretor status is determinate by the secretor gene (FUT2) responsible of the ABH antigens expression in human secretions. About 20% of Caucasian individuals are non-secretors. The aim of this study was to study the allelic varieties of the FUT2 gene by a PCR reaction. We worked with peripheral blood samples of volunteers (n= 1728). We determinated the secretor status in plasma and saliva. The genomic DNA was extracted by an enzymatic digestion method and was analyzed by ASA-PCR with specific primers for the G428A allele and for the wild type allele of the FUT2 gene. The results obtained by serologic and molecular methods showed that the 77% of the investigate individuals were secretors. The G428A polymorphism had present in a 7.5%. The allelic varieties of the other non-secretor individuals different to the G428A might to correspond to other mutations. The molecular analysis of the FUT2 gene confirms the genetic diversity of the investigated population.