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@#Abstract: Objective　A survey on the plague foci in Qiaojia County of Jinsha River Basin was conducted to understand the composition of plague host vectors and the prevalence of plague among animals, to explore the occurrence and epidemic risk of plague, and to provide scientific basis for plague monitoring and control in this area. Methods　Seven villages and towns in Qiaojia County were selected as the research areas, and the cage night method and the clamp line method were used to investigate the small mammals and their surface parasitic fleas. The host animal organs, serum and surface parasitic flea's samples were collected. The plague indicator animal serum was collected simultaneously on the spot, and the collected host animal organs and flea's samples were cultured and detected for Yersinia pestis. The indirect hemagglutination test (IHA) was used to detect the fraction 1 capsular antigen (F1) antibody of the host animal and the indicator animal serum samples. Results　A total of 525 small mammals belonging to 3 orders, 6 families, 12 genera and 23 species were captured. The dominant species in farming areas were Apodemus chevrieri (31.05%), Niviventer confucianus (13.90%) and Anourosorex squamipes Milne-Edwards (11.43%). The dominant species in residential areas were Rattus norvegicus (66.67%) and Rattus tanezumi (20.00%). The rat densities in agricultural and residential areas were 20.98% and 1.00%, respectively. A total of 277 external parasitic fleas belonging to 15 species, 13 genera, 5 families were collected. The dominant species were Palaeopsylla remota (22.02%), Neopsylla specialis specialis (20.58%), Frontopsylla diqingensis (18.77%) and Ctenophthalmus (Sinoctenophthalmus) quadratus (11.55%), and the rat fleas index was 0.53. No Yersinia pestis was isolated from all rodent organs and flea samples. A total of 167 serum samples from dogs and 15 serum samples from rats were collected, and plague F1 antibody was detected by IHA. IHA detection of plague F1 antibody were negative. Conclusions　Qiaojia County has the distribution of the main host and main vector of plague, and the rat density is high, but the rat body flea index is low. There is no positive detection of plague host animals, vector fleas and indicator animals. It can be considered that the risk of plague occurrence and epidemic in the region is not high in the near future. It is necessary to further strengthen the monitoring and control of plague and other rodent-borne diseases in the region.

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Whether the general belief in a just world (GBJW) can protect individual emotions during a major disaster is a matter of debate. This study conducted two experiments to explore this question during the COVID-19 epidemic. Experiment 1 (N = 92, M age = 22.52, 48.91% was male) manipulated the focus regarding the COVID-19 epidemic to investigate the impact of this focus on participants' emotions. The results showed that compared with the nonepidemic focus group, the epidemic focus group had higher negative emotions and lower positive emotions. Experiment 2 (N = 200, M age = 23.91, 49% was male) manipulated the epidemic focus and GBJW to investigate their effects on the participants' emotions. The results showed that high levels of GBJW reduced negative emotions and increased positive emotions regardless of whether the participants were focused on the epidemic. This study expands the influence of the GBJW on individual emotions and finds that the GBJW can protect individuals' emotions when they face a major social disaster. These findings imply that controlling people's intake of information on the epidemic can avoid their suffering from the vicarious traumatization caused by epidemic-related information overload and that improving the public's GBJW protects their mental health during an epidemic.

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OBJECTIVE: To investigate the species and hosts of Paragonimus and its infection rate in eastern part of Zhenghe County, Fujian Province, so as to determine the local foci of Paragonimus. METHODS: The snails, crabs and stools of wild cats were collected for the examinations of cercariae, metacercariae and eggs of Paragonimus. The geographical and environmental conditions of the areas were also investigated. RESULTS: A total of 4 890 Pseudobythinella jianouensis snails and 1 035 Semisulcospira liberlina snails were examined, and the cercariae of Paragonimus were only found in P. jianouensis, with an infection rate of 0.10% (5/4 890). Bottapotamon zhengheensis sp. nov. as the second intermediate host of P. skrjabini, were examined, and the infection rate was 85.29% (29/34) and the average numbers of metacercariae per crab and per gram of crab tissues were 3.85 and 0.62, respectively. Thirty-six Sinopotamun fujianensis crabs, as the second intermediate host of P. westermani, were examined, and the infection rate was 38.89% (14/36) and the average numbers of metacercariae per crab and per gram of crab tissues were 6.43 and 0.03, respectively. The eggs of Paragonimus were detected in 1 of 2 muck specimens of wild cats. CONCLUSIONS: The data suggest that there is a focus of middle-to-high level of infection caused by P. westermani and P. skrjabini in the eastern part of Zhenghe County.

Asunto(s)

Epidemias/veterinaria , Paragonimiasis/veterinaria , Animales , China/epidemiología , Heces/parasitología , Paragonimiasis/epidemiología

RESUMEN

Objective To investigate the species and hosts of Paragonimus and its infection rate in eastern part of Zhenghe County,Fujian Province,so as to determine the local foci of Paragonimus. Methods The snails,crabs and stools of wild cats were collected for the examinations of cercariae,metacercariae and eggs of Paragonimus. The geographical and environmental conditions of the areas were also investigated. Results A total of 4 890 Pseudobythinella jianouensis snails and 1 035 Semisul?cospira liberlina snails were examined,and the cercariae of Paragonimus were only found in P. jianouensis,with an infection rate of 0.10%(5/4 890). Bottapotamon zhengheensis sp. nov. as the second intermediate host of P. skrjabini,were examined, and the infection rate was 85.29%(29/34)and the average numbers of metacercariae per crab and per gram of crab tissues were 3.85 and 0.62,respectively. Thirty?six Sinopotamun fujianensis crabs,as the second intermediate host of P. westermani,were examined,and the infection rate was 38.89%(14/36)and the average numbers of metacercariae per crab and per gram of crab tissues were 6.43 and 0.03,respectively. The eggs of Paragonimus were detected in 1 of 2 muck specimens of wild cats. Conclu?sion The data suggest that there is a focus of middle?to?high level of infection caused by P. westermani and P. skrjabini in the eastern part of Zhenghe County.