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Resumen La formación de los maestros principiantes fue una preocupación de Juan Bautista de La Salle, como lo fue de otros pedagogos que lo antecedieron y lo sucedieron. La Salle estaba convencido de la importancia del maestro para que la escuela fuera bien. Hoy, sin duda, también lo es, aunque haya una mayor riqueza de medios y recursos. No obstante, los tiempos actuales nos desafían a repensar la intuición del Patrono de los Educadores y a diseñar procesos de formación y acompañamiento de aquellos que recién se inician en la docencia para que, no sean el principio de ensayo y error ni la improvisación, los caminos para encontrar la mejor manera de hacer su trabajo educativo.

Abstract Beginner teacher training was a concern for John Baptiste de La Salle, as it was for other pedagogues who preceded and succeeded him. La Salle was convinced of the importance of the teacher for the school to perform well. Despite the greater availability of means and resources today, this importance remains undoubtedly the same. Current times, however, challenge us to rethink the intuition of the Patron Saint of Teachers and to design training and accompanying processes for those who are just starting in the teaching profession so that the trial-and-error principle and improvisation are not the road to find the best way to carry out their educational work.

Resumo A formação dos maestros principiantes foi uma preocupação de Juan Batista de La Salle, como foi também de outros pedagogos que o antecederam e o sucederam. La Salle estava convencido da importância do maestro para que a escola fosse bem. Hoje, sem dúvida, também é, embora tenha uma maior riqueza de meios e recursos. Não obstante, os tempos atuais nos desafiam a repensar a intuição do Patrão dos Educadores e a desenhar processos de formação e acompanhamento de aqueles que recém se iniciam na docência para que, não sejam o princípio de ensaio e erro nem a improvisação, os caminhos para encontrar a melhor maneira de fazer seu trabalho educativo.

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INTRODUCTION: The prevalence of ADHD among patients with substance use disorder (SUD) is substantial. This study addressed the following research questions: Are early developmental, temperamental and educational problems overrepresented among SUD patients with ADHD compared to SUD patients without ADHD? Do this comorbid group receive early help for their ADHD, and are there signs of self-medicating with illicit central stimulants? METHOD: An international, multi-centre cross-sectional study was carried out involving seven European countries, with 1205 patients in treatment for SUD. The mean age was 40 years and 27% of the sample was female. All participants were interviewed with the Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview Plus and the Conners' Adult ADHD Diagnostic Interview for DSM-IV. RESULTS: SUD patients with ADHD (n = 196; 16.3% of the total sample) had a significantly slower infant development than SUD patients without ADHD (n = 1,009; 83.4%), had greater problems controlling their temperament, and had lower educational attainment. Only 24 (12%) of the current ADHD positive patients had been diagnosed and treated during childhood and/or adolescence. Finally, SUD patients with ADHD were more likely to have central stimulants or cannabis as their primary substance of abuse, whereas alcohol use was more likely to be the primary substance of abuse in SUD patients without ADHD. CONCLUSION: The results emphasize the importance of early identification of ADHD and targeted interventions in the health and school system, as well as in the addiction field.

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Surgery and surgeons in Korea are currently facing a very serious dilemma even though modern surgical practices have a great impact on the improvement of health care and human well being. Traditionally, in Korea, surgical practice had been attractive as a profession and many young medical students were eager to become surgeons. Ever since the National Health Insurance policy was adopted to the whole of the population and the Insurance payment to medical professionals, especially surgeons, were below normal, private surgical practitioners are suffering low incomes. Eventually this situation was affected surgical house staff. The quality and quantity applying for surgical residency have markedly decreased and the situation is getting worse year by year. This review addresses whole possible causes of the present situation; status of surgical practices, educational problems in residency, duty stresses of young surgeons and the life style of the younger generation. Working hour restrictions in Europe and America were reviewed and an example of the Chonnam National University Hospital was elucidated. Possible solutions were suggested in terms of the training hospitals and their staff, the Korean Surgical Society and the policy makers.

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ADHD, often misdiagnosed or unrecognized, can lead to serious personal and family disruption. Younger patients with ADHD frequently present to hospital emergency departments with crises involving behavioral dyscontrol, legal, school or family conflict, and substance abuse. An emergency room visit provides an excellent opportunity to use such crises as catalysts to effect lasting change in these patients and their families. The efficacy of a biopsychosocial model is demonstrated in a case involving a 15-year-old boy presenting to the emergency department with legal, psychological, educational, and family problems. Multiple teaching points are highlighted throughout the case.