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Objective: The objective of the study was to translate the revised dyadic adjustment scale into Chinese and evaluate its psychometric properties in gynaecological cancer patients and their male partners. Methods: A cross-sectional design with a random subsample re-tested at the one-week interval was adopted. Gynaecological cancer patients and their partners were asked to complete the Chinese version of the revised dyadic adjustment and quality of marriage index. Internal consistency, test-retest reliability, convergent validity, structural validity and known-group validity was assessed. Results: A total of 252 participants (i.e., 126 female patients and 126 male partners) were recruited. The Chinese version of the Revised Dyadic Adjustment showed good internal consistency (Cronbach's α â€‹= â€‹0.85), test-retest reliability (r â€‹= â€‹0.88), known group validity and adequate convergent validity with a significant positive correlation (r â€‹= â€‹0.60) with the Quality of Marriage Index. Confirmatory factor analysis indicated an acceptable model fit to a second-order three-factor structure (GFI â€‹= â€‹0.913, RMR â€‹= â€‹0.046, CFI â€‹= â€‹0.932). Conclusions: The Chinese version of revised dyadic adjustment demonstrated good reliability and acceptable validity in gynaecological cancer patients and male partners. The scale can be used to assess the effectiveness of clinical nursing services for couples on their relationship and to compare marital satisfaction and adjustment between China and other parts of the world.

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BACKGROUND: Divorce rates have increased during the last decade, leading to a greater focus of marital scholars on the importance of understanding couple-maintaining strategies within marital life. Distresses in couples are attributable to difficulties controlling felt, experienced, and expressed emotions; thus, emotion dysregulation is a core stressor in couples with maladaptive responses. OBJECTIVE: The aim of the study was to evaluate the effect of Dialectical Behaviour Therapy (DBT) on outpatient couples to treat emotion dysregulation. METHODS: We recruited 20 couples with marital distress in which partners presented emotion dysregulation. We offered the couples the opportunity to join a couple DBT group at their convenience and based on the immediate availability of treatment slots. We measured the treatment efficacy using psychometric tools (the Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale (DERS) and the Dyadic Adjustment Ccale (DAS) at baseline and after DBT therapy. RESULTS: Both male and female partners presented significant improvements in marital adjustment DAS and emotion regulation scores. Female partners showed significantly greater amplitude changes in both scales. Female partners showed significant improvement in most DERS subscales (except the GOALS subscale); on the other hand, male partners showed significant improvements in impulse, awareness, strategies, and clarity subscales. We found significant improvements in most DAS subscales in both sexes; only affectional expression remained unchanged before and after therapy. CONCLUSION: DBT for couples is an effective approach to treat emotion dysregulation.

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Objetivo: Determinar si el apoyo social, el ciclo vital familiar, la transición familiar y los acontecimientos estresantes se relacionan con el ajuste diádico de parejas con hijos en edad pediátrica. Método: Estudio descriptivo, observacional y de corte transversal. Noventa y cinco parejas de la provincia de Sevilla fueron escogidas mediante muestreo consecutivo estratificado por cuotas, y cumplimentaron un cuestionario con las variables de estudio y las escalas Ajuste Diádico Conyugal y Apoyo Social Percibido. La recogida de datos se realizó en el último trimestre del 2015 con el visto bueno del Comité Ético de Investigación de la Universidad de Sevilla. Se aplicaron los test no paramétricos U de Mann-Whitney y Kruskal-Wallis. Para la relación entre variables se utilizó el test de correlación de Spearman y para demostrar correlaciones significativas se comprobó que p<0,05. Resultados: Las parejas mayoritariamente eran matrimonios con buen ajuste diádico y apoyo social. El 26,3% tenían hijos lactantes y el 73,7% en edad escolar. No existe influencia del ciclo vital y la transición familiar sobre el ajuste diádico. El comienzo-fin de la escolaridad influye en la cohesión conyugal y existen correlaciones positivas entre ajuste diádico y apoyo social, y negativas entre el número de hijos y el apoyo social, el consenso y la satisfacción de la pareja. Conclusiones: El apoyo social y el número de hijos se identifican como los principales factores condicionantes del ajuste diádico. En este sentido, es fundamental conocer los recursos de los que dispone cada pareja para hacer frente a las dificultades donde el apoyo social y la unión entre los cónyuges pueden ayudarles a enfrentar los desafíos.(AU)

Aim: To identify a relationship between social support, family life cycle, family transition and stressful events; and the dyadic adjustment among couples from Seville with children of pediatric age. Method: Descriptive, observational and cross-sectional study. Ninety-five Sevillian couples were recruited following a consecutive stratified sampling by quotas. They filled in a questionnaire with the study variables and the Dyadic Adjustment and Social Support scales. Data collection was carried out in 2015. The project was approved by the Research Ethics Committee of the University of Seville. Mann-Whitney U and Kruskall-Wallis non-parametric tests were used for statistical analysis, and Spearman test for correlation between variables. Significance was stated for P<.05. Results: The couples were mostly marriages with good dyadic adjustment and social support. A percentage of 26.3 had infant and 73.7% children of school age. No relationship between the life cycle nor the family transition and the dyadic adjustment were identified. The beginning-end of schooling was related to spousal cohesion and there were positive correlations between dyadic adjustment and social support; and negative correlations between the number of children and social support, consensus and satisfaction of the couple. Conclusions: Social support and the number of children are identified as the main conditioning factors of dyadic adjustment. In this sense, it is essential to know the resources available to each couple to face the difficulties where social support and the union between the spouses can help them face the challenges.(AU)

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BACKGROUND: Vulvodynia is defined as vulvar pain for at least 3 months without a clear cause. To the best of our knowledge, there are no trials investigating the effects of internet treatment using CBT (Cognitive behavioural therapy) treatment with Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT) components for women with vulvodynia. The aim of this study is to examine the effects of such a guided internet-based intervention on provoked vulvar pain during the waiting period before clinical treatment. METHODS: We will randomise 52 patients to either guided internet-based intervention with CBT with (ACT) components or no intervention during the waiting period for treatment as usual. Online assessments are conducted at baseline, posttreatment, and at follow-up after 9 months. The primary outcome measure is provoked vulvar pain. Secondary outcomes are depression, anxiety, sexual function, and quality of life. Linear-mixed effect models will be used to assess the effect of the internet-based intervention on vulvar pain, pain acceptance, depression, anxiety, sexual function, and quality of life over time, by applying the intention-to-treat approach. Continuous data will be analysed with general linear models using intention-to-treat and also per protocol approaches to assess the effects of the intervention at different time points. Ordinal and binary data will be analysed with Mann Whitney's test, Fischer's exact test and multivariate logistic regression, respectively. DISCUSSION: As a randomised controlled trial with short- and long-term follow-up points, the EMBLA study intends to provide a novel and better understanding regarding the treatment of vulvodynia and the role of internet-based treatment as a complement to standard care for women suffering from vulvodynia. The effects of vulvodynia on pain, sexual function, quality of life, depression, and anxiety are investigated. The study's results are expected to be of value in the planning of clinical care in the medical area. High dropout rates and technical difficulties associated with using the platform are common in similar studies. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER: NCT02809612.

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AIM: To identify a relationship between social support, family life cycle, family transition and stressful events; and the dyadic adjustment among couples from Seville with children of pediatric age. METHOD: Descriptive, observational and cross-sectional study. Ninety-five Sevillian couples were recruited following a consecutive stratified sampling by quotas. They filled in a questionnaire with the study variables and the Dyadic Adjustment and Social Support scales. Data collection was carried out in 2015. The project was approved by the Research Ethics Committee of the University of Seville. Mann-Whitney U and Kruskall-Wallis non-parametric tests were used for statistical analysis, and Spearman test for correlation between variables. Significance was stated for P<.05. RESULTS: The couples were mostly marriages with good dyadic adjustment and social support. A percentage of 26.3 had infant and 73.7% children of school age. No relationship between the life cycle nor the family transition and the dyadic adjustment were identified. The beginning-end of schooling was related to spousal cohesion and there were positive correlations between dyadic adjustment and social support; and negative correlations between the number of children and social support, consensus and satisfaction of the couple. CONCLUSIONS: Social support and the number of children are identified as the main conditioning factors of dyadic adjustment. In this sense, it is essential to know the resources available to each couple to face the difficulties where social support and the union between the spouses can help them face the challenges.

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BACKGROUND: Infertility can have a powerful impact on marital quality. The Revised Dyadic Adjustment Scale (RDAS) is a widely used measure of marital quality. This scale has not been validated in infertile patients. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the reliability and validity of the RDAS in a sample of infertile patients. METHODS: The sample of this methodological study consisted of 254 infertile patients referring to a referral infertility clinic in Tehran, Iran. A battery of questionnaires was administered to the participants, including a demographic/fertility questionnaire, the RDAS, the Relationship Assessment Scale (RAS), the Kansas Marital Satisfaction Scale (KMSS), the Couples Satisfaction Index- 4 Item (CSI-4), the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS), and the Perceived Stress Scale-4 Item (PSS-4). Internal consistency of the scale was assessed with Cronbach's alpha, construct validity was investigated using confirmatory factor analysis (CFA), and convergent validity was examined by correlating the RDAS with RAS, KMSS, CSI-4, HADS, and PSS-4 instruments. RESULTS: The mean total RDAS score was 49.26 ± 9.34, and 100 patients (39.4%) had marital distress based on the cut-off value of < 48. The second-order three-factor model of the RDAS exhibited an excellent fit to the data, as indicated by χ2/df = 2.26; CFI = 0.96; GFI = 0.91; NFI = 0.93; IFI = 0.96; RMSEA = 0.071 and SRMR = 0.050. The RDAS and its subscales revealed satisfactory internal consistency that ranged from 0.664 to 0.847. Convergent validity was confirmed by strong correlations between RDAS scores and scores on the RAS, KMSS, and CSI-4. These correlations also tended to be larger than correlations with measures of HADS-anxiety, HADS-depression, and PSS-4. Among demographic/fertility variables, only infertility duration was found to be correlated to the RDAS. CONCLUSION: The RDAS is a reliable and valid inventory for measuring marital quality in infertile patients. Further validation studies are needed to generalize the underlying structure of the scale in various populations.

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BACKGROUND: In Malaysia, the problem of marital distress is fast becoming an important public health concern. A major shortcoming is inadequate marital evaluation. There are, however, very few localized instruments for married women in Malaysia. The objective of this study was to translate the original version of the Revised Dyadic Adjustment Scale (RDAS) and to evaluate for its psychometric properties. Multiple aspects of validity and reliability were also assessed. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The questionnaire was first translated into the Malay language (RDAS-M). In this cross-sectional study, healthy married Malay women in Kota Bharu, Kelantan, were recruited from January to April 2018. Participants were asked to complete the RDAS-M that consists of three domains, that is, dyadic consensus, dyadic satisfaction, and dyadic cohesion with a total of 14 items. The concept, content, and construct validity using exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and reliability of the RDAS-M were assessed. RESULTS: Of the 164 recruited participants, 150 consented to participate. The mean age of the participants was 34.1 years (standard deviation [SD], 9.5 years), ranging from 20 to 57 years. All 14 items were considered comprehensible by more than 95% of the subjects. Based on EFA, total variance extracted was 69.08%, and the original three factors were retained. The Malay version of the RDAS was valid based on factor loadings for dyadic consensus, dyadic satisfaction, and dyadic cohesion, which ranged from 0.64 to 0.80, 0.79 to 0.98, and 0.37 to 0.78, respectively. The internal consistency was good with coefficient α of 0.87 for dyadic consensus, 0.93 for dyadic satisfaction, and 0.78 for dyadic cohesion. CONCLUSIONS: The Malay version of the RDAS is easy to understand, and is a reliable and valid instrument for married women. It is also comparable with the original version of the RDAS in terms of structure and psychometric properties.

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BACKGROUND: Enuresis nocturna (EN) is a chronic medical disorder that may cause a parent to question their parenting ability and contribute to an inability to perform the parental role. The aim of the study was to investigate the effects of EN on the relationship between parents, and the effect of mood changes in the couples on the children. METHODS: Forty children with EN (group 1) were enrolled in the study, and 44 consecutive healthy children (group 2) were randomly selected from the same school. The clinical diagnosis for the patient group was based on a careful history. Spielberg's State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI), Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), and Dyadic Adjustment Scale (DAS) were applied to all parents, and the answers were recorded. RESULTS: STAI scores differed between the mothers in the two groups in terms of trait anxiety, while significant differences between the fathers in terms of both state and trait anxiety were observed. The BDI scores were similar between the two groups. The scores of dyadic consensus were lower in the mothers, while the affectional expression scores were lower in the EN study group fathers compared with controls. The total DAS scores were significantly lower in the parents of the children with EN. CONCLUSION: The parents of children with EN seem to experience increased levels of anxiety. Their desire to continue the marital relationship, the overall quality of their marital relationship and their comfort as a family may also be negatively affected by having a child with EN.

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OBJECTIVE: To determine the reliability and validity of the Revised Dyadic Adjustment Scale (RDAS) with 14 items (short form) in Iranian population. METHODS: The English version of the RDAS was translated into Persian. Then, Persian version was retranslated to English. To study factor structure 338 questionnaires were filled out by parents of elementary students. Other measurement tools were The Marital Happiness Scale (MHS), Enrich Marital Satisfaction Questionnaire (ENRICH).Both English and Persian forms were completed by 35 married undergraduate English students. The Cronbach's alpha coefficients of the RDAS, MHS, and ENRICH were 0.79, 0.87. and 0.76-0.91, respectively. RESULTS: The content validity of the backward translation of the original version was confirmed.The findings confirmed the factor structure.Also, the validity was confirmed by retest and internal consistency. There was relationship between RDAS with marital happiness and satisfaction in anticipated direct, between husband and wifeadjustment scores. CONCLUSION: The reliability and validity of the RDAS with 3-factor structure in Iranian population was confirmed with an appropriate validity and reliability.