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Dentin hypersensitivity (DH) manifests as sharp and uncomfortable pain due to the exposure of dentinal tubules (DTs) following the erosion of tooth enamel. Desensitizing agents commonly used in clinical practice have limitations such as limited depth of penetration, slow remineralization and no antimicrobial properties. To alleviate these challenges, our study designed a lactoferrin-derived amyloid nanofilm (PTLF nanofilm) inspired by the saliva-acquired membrane (SAP). The nanofilm utilises Tris(2-carboxyethyl)phosphine (TCEP) to disrupt the disulfide bonds of lactoferrin (LF) under physiological conditions. The PTLF nanofilm modifies surfaces across various substrates and effectively prevents the early and stable adhesion of cariogenic bacteria, such as Streptococcus mutans and Lactobacillus acidophilus. Simultaneously, it adheres rapidly and securely to demineralized dentin surfaces, facilitating in-situ remineralization of HAP through a simple immersion process. This leads to the formation of a remineralized layer resembling natural dentin, with an occlusion depth of dentinal tubules exceeding 80 µm after three days. The in vivo and vitro results confirm that the PTLF nanofilm possesses good biocompatibility and its ability to exert simultaneous antimicrobial effects and dentin remineralization. Accordingly, this innovative bifunctional PTLF amyloid coating offers promising prospects for the management of DH-related conditions. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE.

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Background This study aimed to explore the potential efficacy and safety of laser therapy compared with traditional desensitizing treatments in the management of dentin hypersensitivity. Methodology A comprehensive observational study was conducted on 138 adult individuals aged 18-65 diagnosed with dentin hypersensitivity. Participants were allocated to either the laser therapy or traditional treatment group. The laser therapy group received treatment using the Fotona LightWalker® Erbium laser at 2,940 nm. The energy density was set at 20 J/cm² using continuous and contact modes, with the laser tip held perpendicularly to the irradiated site. Each session lasted five minutes, conducted bi-weekly for three months. Traditional treatment included the in-office application of 5% sodium fluoride varnish application once every 15 days for three months and the use of desensitizing toothpaste as part of regular oral hygiene routines. Follow-up assessments were conducted 6 and 12 months post-treatment to evaluate the longevity and stability of the treatment effects. Primary outcomes were assessed by dentin hypersensitivity reduction measured using Visual Analog Scale (VAS) scores and tactile hypersensitivity assessments. Results Laser therapy consistently surpassed traditional treatment in reducing dentin hypersensitivity, as reflected by the significantly lower VAS scores. Notably, at 3, 6, and 12 months, laser therapy demonstrated mean VAS scores of 2.5 (±1.5), 1.2 (±0.9), and 0.6 (±0.5), respectively, while the traditional treatment group exhibited higher scores (3.8 ± 1.2, 4.5 ± 1.0, and 4.0 ± 0.7, respectively). Statistical analysis revealed that these differences were highly significant (p < 0.001). Tactile hypersensitivity assessments echoed these findings, with laser therapy consistently maintaining lower scores (0.8 ± 0.7 at 6 months, 0.4 ± 0.3 at 12 months) compared to traditional treatment (3.5 ± 1.0 at 6 months, 4.0 ± 0.7 at 12 months) with statistical significance at all time points (p < 0.001). Conclusions Although this study lacks a randomized controlled design, the observed substantial reduction in VAS scores and tactile hypersensitivity assessments, along with the favorable safety profile of laser therapy, suggest its potential as an effective alternative for managing dentin hypersensitivity.

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Introduction Tooth sensitivity, or dentin hypersensitivity (DH), is characterized by sharp, sudden pain in response to stimuli such as cold, heat, sweet, or acidic foods and drinks. In Malaysia, there is limited understanding of the epidemiological aspects of tooth sensitivity, necessitating focused research. The condition results from the exposure of dentinal tubules transmitting stimuli to nerves within the pulp, with contributing factors including gingival recession, enamel erosion, and periodontal disease. This study aims to investigate the factors associated with tooth sensitivity among patients at the Hospital Universiti Sains Malaysia (USM) using advanced statistical methods. Methods This study employed a computational research design to develop an ordinal regression and bootstrap methodology using the RStudio software (Posit PBC, Boston, MA) to analyze secondary data from the Hospital Universiti Sains Malaysia. Six variables were analyzed: tooth wear severity, patient's age, gender, smoking status, alcohol status, and type of toothbrush. The study was conducted in three phases: 1) the development of an ordinal regression model, 2) the development of algorithms for ordinal regression and bootstrap method, and 3) validation using tooth sensitivity data. Results The analysis revealed that the replication with 1000 samples provided the most precise estimates with small standard errors (SE) and consistently significant effects across variables. Tooth sensitivity was influenced by age, toothpaste type, toothbrush type, and brushing frequency. Conclusion The study highlights the importance of considering multiple variables such as age, toothpaste type, toothbrush type, and brushing frequency in understanding tooth sensitivity. The combined ordinal regression and bootstrap technique significantly improved the model's accuracy, providing valuable insights for dental health professionals. These findings underscore the need for specific guidelines on oral hygiene practices to manage and reduce the risk of tooth sensitivity.

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The aim of the study was to measure the degree of dentine surface roughness caused by five distinct lasers used to treat dentine hypersensitivity, as well as to evaluate the subsequent bacterial colonization on these irradiated surfaces. Sixty human maxillary premolar teeth without caries or restoration which were extracted for periodontal reasons were used in this study. Five different types of lasers were applied to the root dentin surface. Tested samples were divided into six groups of 10 samples each; control, diode (810 nm), diode (980 nm), Nd: YAG, Er: YAG, and Er, Cr: YSGG laser groups. The arithmetic mean of the surface roughness values (Ra) and the average roughness over a measurement area (Sa) were measured pre- and post-application using any of the laser types. Swab samples were then collected from the dentin surface. Following a 24-hour incubation period at 37 °C, the colony forming units were counted using a stereoscope. The results demonstrated a statistically significant difference in the surface roughness values pre- and post-application (Ra and Sa, respectively) in the Er, Cr: YSGG laser group (p = 0.037,p = 0.007). No significant difference was observed in the other groups (p > 0.05). There was no statistically significant difference in the number of bacterial colonies observed between the test and control groups. Diode and Nd: YAG lasers showed either a decrease or no change in surface roughness; however, the hard tissue lasers (Er: YAG, Er, Cr: YSGG) showed an increase. The Er: YAG and Nd: YAG laser groups exhibited decreased bacterial adhesion compared to the other groups.

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Introdução:A hipersensibilidade é uma doença que acomete grande parte da população que, por muitas vezes, também almejam uma melhor estética dos dentes através do clareamento e não alcançam seu objetivo devido sua condição sintomática.Objetivo:Verificar se uma paciente com hipersensibilidade dentinária e trincas no esmalte, ficaria sem dor após realização da blindagem do esmaltecom agentes dessensibilizantes de ação neural e oclusiva em sessão única e, ainda, se continuaria sem dor após o clareamento de consultório utilizando o peróxido de carbamida a 37%. Relato de caso:Paciente do sexo feminino, 31 anos, apresentava todos os elementos dentários com alta translucidez, muitas trincas e desgaste dental erosivo restrito à ponta de cúspide nos elementos 36 e 46. Após estes achados e associado àhistória clínica relatada de alta sensibilidade na dieta principalmente gelada, fechou-se o diagnóstico de um caso de hipersensibilidade dentinária. Foi realizado um procedimento dessensibilizante, em sessão única, com agentes de ação neural e oclusiva e, sequencialmente, clareamento dentário de consultório. A paciente relatou eliminação da sensibilidade com o tratamento dessensibilizante (blindagem do esmalte), o que levou àconcordância da paciente em realizar o clareamento com produto àbase de peróxido de carbamida a 37% que promete ausência de dor. Conclusões:o protocolo dessensibilizante utilizado cumpriu seu papel no quesito eliminação da dor com retorno da paciente às atividades diárias antes impossibilitadas (como ingerir bebidas geladas) e propiciou a realização de clareamento dentário sem dor, porém sem muito sucesso na mudança de cor alcançada (AU).

Introduction:Hypersensitivity is a disease that affects a large part of the population who, very often, also seek to improve the esthetics of their teeth through tooth bleaching and fail to achieve their goal due to their symptomatic condition.Objective:To ascertain whether a patient with dentin hypersensitivity and cracked enamel would be pain-free after enamel shielding with neuraland occlusive desensitizing agents in a single session, and whether she would continue to be pain-free after in-office tooth bleaching using 37% carbamide peroxide. Case report:A 31-year-old female patient who showcased high translucency in all dental elements, with many cracks and erosive tooth wear restricted to the cusp tips of elements 36 and 46. Following these findings and in association with the reported clinical history of high sensitivity, especially to cold diets, a diagnosis of dentin hypersensitivity was made. A single-session desensitizing procedure was carried out with neural and occlusive agents, and subsequently followed by in-office tooth bleaching. The patient reported the elimination of sensitivity with the desensitizing treatment (enamel shielding), which led to the patient agreeing to undergo teeth bleaching with a 37% carbamide peroxide-based product that guarantees no pain. Conclusions:The desensitizing protocol utilized fulfilled its role in terms of eliminating pain, with the patient returning to daily activities that had previously been impossible (such as drinking cold beverages) and allowing pain-free tooth bleaching to be carried out, but without much success in the color change achieved (AU).

Introducción: La hipersensibilidad es una enfermedad que afecta a gran parte de la población la cual, muchas veces, también pretende mejorar la estética de sus dientes a través del blanqueamiento y no alcanza su objetivo debido a su condición sintomática.Objetivo: Comprobar si una paciente con hipersensibilidad de la dentina y grietas en el esmalte estaría libre de dolor tras el blindaje del esmalte con agentes desensibilizantes neurales y oclusivos en una sola sesión, y, además, si seguiría estando libre de dolor tras el blanqueamiento dental en clínica utilizando peróxido de carbamida al 37%.Informe de caso: Una paciente de 31 años presentaba todos los elementos dentales con alta translucidez, con muchas grietas y desgaste dental erosivo restringido a las puntas de las cúspides de los elementos 36 y 46.Tras estos hallazgos y junto a la historia clínica descrita de alta sensibilidad especialmentefrente a una dieta fría, se realizó un diagnóstico de hipersensibilidad dentinaria. Se llevó a cabo un procedimiento de desensibilización en una sola sesión, con agentes neurales y oclusivos, seguido de un blanqueamiento dental clínico. La paciente declaró la eliminación de la sensibilidad con el tratamiento desensibilizante (blindaje del esmalte), lo que la llevó a aceptar el blanqueamiento con un producto a base de peróxido de carbamida al 37% que promete ser indoloro. Conclusiones: El protocolo de desensibilización utilizado cumplió su función en cuanto a la eliminación del dolor, permitiendo que la paciente volviera a realizar actividades cotidianas que antes le resultaban imposibles (como tomar bebidas frías) y permitiendo realizar el blanqueamiento dental sin dolor, pero sin mucho éxito en el cambio de color conseguido (AU).

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OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the influence of air-abrasion of enamel with three different desensitizing powders on the whitening effect of a bleaching gel containing 40% H2O2, which was used for in-office tooth bleaching. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Forty human incisors, extracted and prepared, were acquired for this study and subsequently randomized into four groups (n = 10). The control group specimens underwent no pretreatment prior to the bleaching procedure, whereas the remaining three groups underwent air abrasion using distinct desensitizing powders; (a) Sylc, which contains bioglass 45S5; (b) BioMinF, which contains calcium phospho-fluoro-silicate glass; and (c) MI Pearls, which contains nano-hydroxyapatite, 1 h preceding the Opalescence Boost PF 40% bleaching procedure. Color measurements were conducted using a double-beam UV-Vis spectrophotometer at four distinct time points (prior to bleaching, 24 h, 15 days, and 30 days post-bleaching). RESULTS: Tooth color change outcomes revealed that there were no statistically significant results with respect to the interaction of the two criteria (treatments and time) (p = 0.990). Additionally, there were no statistically significant results with respect to the main effects of treatments (p = 0.385), while there were statistically significant effects with respect to the time criterion (p = 0.013). CONCLUSIONS: The use of the tested desensitizing powders prior the bleaching procedure did not affect the tooth color change induced by the tested bleaching agent. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE: Tooth color change and whiteness are not affected by air-abrasion desensitizing treatments when applied prior to in-office bleaching procedures.

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This split-mouth blinded randomized controlled study compared the efficacy of a desensitizing agent with oxalate/resin polymer and a universal adhesive containing mesoporous bioactive glass (MBG) for dentin hypersensitivity (DH) relief, using Schiff sensitivity score (SSS) and visual analog scale (VAS). Split quadrants containing teeth with DH were treated with either MS Coat ONE or Hi-Bond Universal with MBG as the functional additive. Assessments at baseline, immediately post-application, and at 1- and 2-week follow-ups used standardized stimulus protocols (air, cold, and acid). The SSS difference was the primary outcome, while the VAS difference was the secondary outcome. A mixed linear effect model performed statistical analysis. Immediate DH reduction occurred in response to air stimuli, with a significant decrease in Group HB than in Group MS (p = 0.0178). Cold stimulus reduction exhibited a gradual cumulative effect, with consistently greater reductions in Group HB than in Group MS (p ≤ 0.0377). Both groups effectively managed acidic stimuli, with no significant differences (p > 0.05). The VAS scores decreased gradually over the follow-up period (p < 0.0001). This study highlights the differential efficacy of treatments for various DH triggers and recommends specific approaches based on different stimulus types. The universal adhesive containing MBG demonstrated DH relief potential, promising efficacy identical to or superior to that of a dedicated desensitizing agent. Further research exploring the long-term efficacy and underlying mechanisms is warranted. The universal adhesive containing MBG can be adopted as an in-office desensitizing agent for DH relief. The desensitizing efficacy of universal adhesive matches or surpasses dedicated agents for air and cold stimuli.

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PURPOSE: Dentin hypersensitivity (DH) is a prevalent condition, but long-term effective treatments are scarce. Differentiation of odontoblast-like cells is promising for inducing tertiary dentinogenesis and ensuring sustained therapeutic efficacy against DH. This study examined the effects and mechanism of action of mild heat stress (MHS) on the differentiation of odontoblast-like MDPC-23 cells. METHODS: We used a heating device to accurately control the temperature and duration, mimicking the thermal microenvironment of odontoblast-like cells. Using this device, the effects of MHS on cell viability and differentiation were examined. Cell viability was assessed using the MTT assay. The expression and nucleoplasmic ratio of the yes-associated protein (YAP) were examined by western blotting and immunofluorescence. The gene expression levels of heat shock proteins (HSPs) and dentin matrix protein-1 (DMP1) were measured using qPCR. Dentin sialophosphoprotein (DSPP) expression was evaluated using immunofluorescence and immunoblotting. Verteporfin was used to inhibit YAP activity. RESULTS: Mild heat stress (MHS) enhanced the odontoblast differentiation of MDPC-23 cells while maintaining cell viability. MHS also increased YAP activity, as well as the levels of HSP25 mRNA, HSP70 mRNA, HSP90α mRNA, DMP1 mRNA, and DSPP protein. However, after YAP inhibition, both cell viability and the levels of HSP90α mRNA, DMP1 mRNA, and DSPP protein were reduced. CONCLUSION: YAP plays a crucial role in maintaining cell viability and promoting odontoblast differentiation of MDPC-23 cells under MHS. Consequently, MHS is a potential therapeutic strategy for DH, and boosting YAP activity could be beneficial for maintaining cell viability and promoting odontoblast differentiation.

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Objectives: This study aimed to establish a single-session associative protocol for non-restorative management of dentin hypersensitivity (DH). Materials and Methods: Twenty-four individuals with DH and a minimum sensitivity level of 4 on the visual analog scale (VAS) were selected. The study was conducted in a split-mouth design, with each participant (n = 20) having at least 1 affected tooth in all quadrants. The management protocols consisted of control group: universal adhesive, Neural Desensitizing Protocol group: 5% potassium nitrate, Mixed Desensitizing Protocol (PAM) group: 5% sodium fluoride and 5% potassium nitrate, Remineralizing Desensitizing Protocol (PDR) group: surface-partially reacted glass technology photopolymerizable varnish. Evaluations were performed immediately after application, at 1 week, 1 month, 2 months, and 12 months using the VAS sensitivity test. Results: The scores were subjected to statistical analysis using the Friedman test (p < 0.05), Durbin-Conover test (p < 0.05), and Wilcoxon test (p < 0.05). At the 12-month evaluation, all groups showed statistically significant differences compared to the initial assessment. For the evaluation after 12 months, there was a statistically significant difference between the PAM group, the control group, and the PDR group. Conclusions: It can be concluded that all groups were effective in controlling DH, but there were significant results in the control group and PDR group. The clinical relevance of this study is to demonstrate that the application of single-session desensitizing protocols can be effective in controlling DH for up to 12 months. Trial Registration: Brazilian Clinical Trials Registry Identifier: RBR-4r63d7s.

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OBJECTIVES: This study assessed alterations in sensitivity among symptomatic noncarious cervical lesions (NCCLs) following the application of 3 low-level diode laser wavelengths before composite restoration. It analyzed the changes in dentin topography using a scanning electron microscope (SEM). MATERIALS AND METHODS: Nine patients with 36 NCCLs were randomly assigned intra-individually to 4 groups based on the laser wavelength: laser simulation, 445 nm, 660 nm, and 970 nm. Cavity preparation, irradiation, and composite restoration were performed for each lesion. Sensitivity to cold stimuli was recorded using a visual analog scale (VAS) before the intervention (baseline) and at 1 day, 14 days, 1-, 3-, and 6-month. Pulp sensibility was recorded using an electrical pulp tester (EPT) at baseline, before treatment, and at 3- and 6-month. Additionally, an in vitro examination was performed on 12 extracted human molars to yield 12 dentin discs. Each disc was randomly divided into 4 quadrants to receive the same laser wavelengths to determine the diameters of the tubules using SEM. Results were analyzed statistically for clinical studies by the Friedman test, while ANOVA (RM-ANOVA) was conducted in-vitro, followed by the Bonferroni test in the case of significance (P < .05). RESULTS: VAS readings decreased across all groups, with a significant decrease observed for 660 nm and 970 nm from 14 days to 6-month, while at 445 nm there was a significant decrease at 6-month compared to the control (P < .05). EPT showed a significant decrease in pain threshold levels at 660 nm and 970 nm at 3- and 6-month, while 445 nm showed a significant decrease at 6-month compared to the control (P < .05). The mean tubular diameter at 445 nm decreased, with no significant difference from the control, whereas a significant decrease was found at 660 nm and 970 nm compared to the control (P < .05). CONCLUSIONS: Prior to composite restoration in symptomatic NCCLs, diode lasers with a wavelength of 660 nm showed the highest reduction in sensitivity, followed by 970 nm, whereas 445 nm diode lasers showed the least reduction. Additionally, diode lasers with wavelengths of 660 and 970 nm reduced the width of the dentinal tubules (DT) without inducing melting, as viewed under SEM.

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OBJECTIVE: To compare the effect of propolis and gluma desensitisers on the management of dentin hypersensitivity. METHODS: The single-blind, randomised controlled trial was conducted at the Department of Operative Dentistry, Dr Ishrat ul Ebad Khan Institute of Oral Health Sciences, Dow University of Health Sciences, Karachi, from October 2020 to September 2021, and comprised patients with dentin hypersensitivity who had pain scores of at least 2 on the visual analogue scale. The teeth were randomised into propolis group A and Gluma group B. Baseline pain scores were assessed using visual analogue scale and Schiff's sensitivity scores and compared with scores immediately after the intervention, and then after one week and one month of the intervention. Data was analysed using SPSS 23. RESULTS: Of the 22 patients, 12(54.5%) were females and 10(45.4%) were males. Of the 80 teeth, there were 40(50%) in each of the 2 groups. Significant reduction was observed in dentin hypersensitivity immediately after the application of the desensitising agents (p<0.05). However, after one month, Gluma was more effective than propolis (p<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Both Gluma and propolis were found to be effective desensitising agents, but the effectiveness of propolis decreased over one month. Clinical Trial Number: Clinical Trials.gov: NCT04819867.

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BACKGROUND: Dentin hypersensitivity (DH) is one of the most challenging and persistent dental complaints characterized by transient, intense pain triggered by various stimuli. It affects a significant portion of the global population, predominantly those aged 20-40. This study aims to evaluate the desensitizing efficacy of seventh-generation dentin bonding agents (Single Bond Universal by 3 M ESPE and Xeno-V + by Dentsply) against a control group using Bifluorid 12 by Voco in mitigating DH within a month of the follow-up period. METHODS: This was a single-center, parallel-group, double-blind, controlled randomized clinical trial conducted at Dow University of Health Sciences, Karachi, Pakistan. A total of 105 patients with DH were allocated into three groups for this study. The patients were divided into three groups (Single Bond Universal by 3 M ESPE and Xeno-V + by Dentsply) and the control group containing fluoride varnish (Bifluorid 12 by Voco). Discomfort Interval Scale scores and Schiff Cold Air Sensitivity Scale scores were recorded at baseline, immediately after the intervention, after 01 weeks, and after 01 month. RESULTS: All the materials demonstrated a statistically significant reduction in discomfort and sensitivity (DIS scores p-value 0.01) immediately after 01 week and over a period of 01 month after treatment compared with the baseline scores before application, with no single material proving superior over the one-month observation period. The study also provided insights into dental hygiene practices, with a significant majority using a toothbrush and sensitivity patterns, with cold stimuli being the most common cause of sensitivity. CONCLUSION: The study demonstrates that Single Bond Universal, Xeno V+, and Bifluorid 12 are equally effective in reducing dentin hypersensitivity, with no distinct superiority observed over a one-month period. The findings highlight the potential of fluoride varnishes as a less technique-sensitive and cost-effective option for treating DH, offering valuable insights for future research and clinical practice. TRIAL REGISTRATION: NCT04225247 ( https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT04225247 ), Date of Registration: 13/01/2020. (Retrospectively registered).

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OBJECTIVES: In this study, we aimed to compare the effectiveness of Gluma and high-power 980-nm diode laser, alone or in combination, in the treatment of cervical dentin hypersensitivity. METHODS: A total of 20 patients (5 men and 15 women), aged 25 to 60 years, who met the inclusion criteria, were enrolled in this study. A total of 60 teeth were randomly divided into 4 groups: G1, 980 nm diode laser (in 2 sessions within a 1-week interval); G2, Gluma (in 2 sessions within a 1-week interval); G3, 980 nm diode laser plus Gluma; and G4: control. Thermal (cold spray) and air blast (air syringe of dental unit) stimuli were used to evaluate cervical dentin hypersensitivity in the patients. Their pain response was assessed using a visual analogue scale (VAS) before treatment (baseline), in the first treatment session (15 minutes after treatment), in the second treatment session (after 1 week), and in 2-week, 1-month, and 3-month follow-up sessions. The obtained data were analysed using non-parametric tests, including Kruskal-Wallis test, Friedman test, Mann-Whitney test, and Wilcoxon test, in SPSS Version 22 at a significance level of P < .05. RESULTS: Based on the results, there was a significant difference in the average VAS scores for cold and air blast stimuli between the 4 groups 1 month after the intervention (P < .05). Meanwhile, the laser group had the lowest VAS score for cold and air stimuli. On the contrary, no significant difference was found between the 4 groups 3 months after the intervention (P ˃ .05). CONCLUSION: The present results showed that 980-nm diode laser alone was more effective than the other 2 intervention methods for 1 month. TRIAL REGISTRATION: The study was registered in the Iranian Registry of Clinical Trials (IRCT20120901010703N5).

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Introduction Dentin hypersensitivity (DH) is the most common problem encountered by clinicians. It can be managed either by blocking neural activities or by occluding tubules. Ozonated oil facilitates the simple passage of desensitizing agents into dentinal tubules. Aim This study aimed to evaluate the effect of ozonated oil on dentinal tubule occlusion before and after the application of desensitizing toothpaste. Materials and methods The study was carried out in Kalinga Institute of Dental Sciences, KIIT (Deemed to be University), Bhubaneswar, India. The sample size of the study was 80. The first group contained specimens for control. The second group comprised specimens treated with ozonated oil. The third group comprised specimens being treated with a desensitizing agent. The fourth group contained specimens treated with both the desensitizing agent and ozonated oil. The specimens then received an acid challenge. The specimens were observed under a scanning electron microscope (SEM) before any therapy, after the application of the therapeutic agents and after the 37.5% ortho-phosphoric acid challenge. Results Inferential statistics to compare between the groups was calculated using one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) statistics. Post-hoc Tukey's honestly significant difference (HSD) was performed to compare the groups. The mean scores of the partial tubular occlusion of Group 1, Group 2, Group 3 and Group 4 before the acid challenge were 0.035, 0.691, 0.564 and 0.368, respectively. The maximum score was obtained in the case of Group 2, which was statistically significant. The mean scores for partial tubule occlusion after the acid challenge for Group 1, Group 2, Group 3 and Group 4 were 0.055, 0.531, 0.733 and 0.142, respectively. There was evidence of maximum partial tubule occlusion after the acid treatment in the case of Group 3. The mean scores of Group 1, Group 2, Group 3 and Group 4 before the acid challenge were 0.019, 0.309, 0.442 and 0.609, respectively. The maximum score was obtained in the case of Group 4, implying a greater number of total tubular occlusions before the acid challenge. The mean scores of the total tubular occlusions after the acid challenge for Group 1, Group 2, Group 3 and Group 4 were 0.047, 0.465, 0.272 and 0.890, respectively. There was evidence of maximum tubule occlusion in the case of Group 4, which was statistically significant. Conclusion Overall, the application of a desensitizing toothpaste with ozonated oil holds promise as a potentially more effective treatment approach for DH. Further research and clinical studies may be needed to fully validate its efficacy and safety in dental practice.

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OBJECTIVES: The dentin exposure always leads to dentin hypersensitivity and the acid-resistant/abrasion-resistant stability of current therapeutic approaches remain unsatisfatory. Inspired by the excellent self-polymerization/adherence activity of mussels and the superior mineralization ability of bioactive glass, a novel radial mesoporous bioactive nanoglass coated with polydopamine (RMBG@PDA) was developed for prevention and management of dentin hypersensitivity. METHODS: Radial mesoporous bioactive nanoglass (RMBG) was synthesized by the sol-gel process combined with the cetylpyridine bromide template self-assembly technique. RMBG@PDA was synthesized by a self-polymerization process involving dopamine and RMBG in an alkaline environment. Then, the nanoscale morphology, chemical structure, crystalline phase and Zeta potential of RMBG and RMBG@PDA were characterized. Subsequently, the ion release ability, bioactivity, and cytotoxicity of RMBG and RMBG@PDA in vitro were investigated. Moreover, an in vitro experimental model of dentin hypersensitivity was constructed to evaluate the effectiveness of RMBG@PDA on dentinal tubule occlusion, including resistances against acid and abrasion. Finally, the Young's modulus and nanohardness of acid-etched dentin were also detected after RMBG@PDA treatment. RESULTS: RMBG@PDA showed a typical nanoscale morphology and noncrystalline structure. The use of RMBG@PDA on the dentin surface could effectively occlude dentinal tubules, reduce dentin permeability and achieve excellent acid- and abrasion-resistant stability. Furthermore, RMBG@PDA with excellent cytocompatibility held the capability to recover the Young's modulus and nanohardness of acid-etched dentin. CONCLUSION: The application of RMBG@PDA with superior dentin tubule occlusion ability and acid/abrasion-resistant stability can provide a therapeutic strategy for the prevention and the management of dentin hypersensitivity.

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INTRODUCTION: The aim of this study was to evaluate and compare the clinical efficacy of diode laser and ozone gas in the treatment of dentin hypersensitivity (DHS). METHODS: One hundred thirty-two teeth from 44 patients with moderate DHS were randomized into 3 groups according to a split-mouth design. In the diode laser group, the operator irradiated the superficial dentin exposed with an 808-nm wavelength and incremental power from 0.2 to 0.6 W with a 20-second interval. In the ozone gas group, the operator applied a high dose of ozone (32 g/m3) for 30 seconds using a silicon cup. In the placebo group, no therapy was applied. The dentin sensitivity level was evaluated upon enrollment (T0), immediately after treatment (T1), 3 months post-treatment (T2), and 6 months post-treatment (T3) with a cold air blast challenge and tactile stimuli. The pain severity was quantified according to the visual analogue scale. The Wilcoxon signed rank test was used to scrutinize potential statistical disparities among the treatments. Statistical significance was predetermined at P < .05. RESULTS: A significant decrease of DHS was observed in the ozone gas group and the `diode laser group immediately after treatment and after 3 and 6 months of the therapy. After 6 months from the therapy, the sensitivity values in the teeth treated with ozone gas remained statistically lower than those treated with diode lasers (P < .05). CONCLUSIONS: A laser diode and ozone gas are both efficient as dentin sensitivity treatment. Ozone maintains an invariable effectiveness after 6 months.

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OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to investigate the molecular mechanism underlying odontoblast damage repair in dentin hypersensitivity (DH) and the role of Yes-associated protein (YAP) in this process. METHODS: The DH model was constructed in Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats, and the in vivo expression of Piezo1, Integrin αvß3, YAP, and dentin sialophosphoprotein (DSPP) was detected by immunohistochemistry. COMSOL Multiphysics software was used to simulate the dentinal tubule fluid flow velocity and corresponding fluid shear stress (FSS) on the odontoblast processes. MDPC-23 cells were cultured in vitro and loaded with a peristaltic pump for 1 hour at FSS values of 0.1, 0.3, 0.5, and 0.7 dyne/cm2. The expression of Piezo1, Integrin αvß3, and YAP was detected by immunofluorescence. Verteporfin (a YAP-specific inhibitor) was utilised to confirm the effect of YAP on the expression of dentineogenesis-related protein under FSS. RESULTS: The level and duration of external mechanical stimuli have an effect on the functional expression of odontoblasts. In DH, the harder the food that is chewed, the faster the flow of the dentinal tubule fluid and the greater the FSS on the odontoblast processes. The expression of Piezo1, Integrin αvß3, and YAP can be promoted when the FSS is less than 0.3 dyne/cm2. After YAP inhibition, the DSPP protein expression level was reduced at 0.3 dyne/cm2 FSS. CONCLUSIONS: These results suggest that appropriate FSS can enhance the expression of odontoblast-related factors in odontoblasts via the Piezo1-Integrin αvß3-YAP mechanotransduction pathway and the YAP appears to play an essential role in the response of odontoblasts to external mechanical stimuli.

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INTRODUCTION: The objective of this in vitro study was to compare the effectiveness of a propolis-based herbal toothpaste with 5% sodium fluoride varnishin obstructing human dentinal tubules; Scanning electron microscopy was utilised to obtain quantitative and qulitative data on tubular obstruction. METHODS: Thirty-nine extracted human premolar teeth were collected. The cementum layer was removed using a water-cooled diamond bur and the smear layer using ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) 17%. Then, the samples were randomly divided into 3 groups (n = 13 each), as follows: group 1: dentin discs exposed to the propolis-based herbal toothpaste (Herbex); group 2: dentin discs exposed to 5% sodium fluoride varnish; and group 3: control. Then, all discs were observed and imaged in 4 non-overlapping fields by an electron microscope at 2000× magnification. The topography and number of open, closed, and semi-closed tubules were counted in all images. The data were analysed using Kruskal-Wallis test, Mann-Whitney U test, and Friedman test. The statistical analysis was performed with SPSS statistic 22.0 software, with a significance level of α = 0.05. RESULTS: In pairwise comparisons of the groups considering the percentage of open, closed, and semi-closed tubules, the difference was not statistically significant between the 5% sodium fluoride varnish and propolis groups in the closed and semi-closed tubules, but it was statistically significant with the control group. Additionally, the percentage of open tubules in the propolis-based herbal toothpaste group was significantly lower than in the 5% sodium fluoride varnish and control group. CONCLUSIONS: Both propolis-based herbal toothpaste and 5% sodium fluoride varnish is effective in blocking human dentin tubules to various extents.

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PURPOSE: The aim of current study was to evaluate percentage root coverage (RC%) in isolated Miller class III/RT2 labial gingival recession (GR) associated with malaligned mandibular anteriors, using interdisciplinary periodontal-orthodontic treatment as compared to mucogingival surgery alone. METHODS: Thirty-six systemically healthy patients having isolated Miller class III/RT2 GR with respect to malaligned mandibular anteriors, were randomly divided into test group: mucogingival surgery using subepithelial connective tissue graft followed by orthodontic treatment and control group: mucogingival surgery alone. Primary clinical parameters included (RC%), recession depth, keratinized tissue width, mid-labial clinical attachment level, interdental clinical attachment level (iCAL), periodontal phenotype (PP), gingival thickness (GT), root coverage esthetics score (RES) and hypersensitivity. Total duration of follow up was 12 months. RESULTS: Mean RC% was significantly more achieved in test group (66.67%±40.82%) in comparison to control group (39.93%±31.41%) at the end of study (P=0.049). Further, complete root coverage was attained in 5/8 cases of test group versus 1/2 cases of control group after 3/12 months respectively. RES and hypersensitivity, showed statistically significant improvement after complete follow up period in both the groups. An ideal RES score of 10 was achieved in 4/7 cases of test group while in 1/2 cases of control group after 3/12 months respectively. Correlation analysis revealed significant negative correlation between RC% and iCAL. Correlation of RC% with GT and PP was non-significant. CONCLUSIONS: Interdisciplinary periodontal-orthodontic approach may be more beneficial in terms of achieving improved RC%, esthetic and resolution of hypersensitivity in the management of Miller class III/RT2 GR in malaligned mandibular anteriors. TRIAL REGISTRATION: ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT04255914.

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OBJECTIVES: Even though tooth sensitivity is a prevalent dental issue today, more information is available to patients via social media concerning the subject. This study aimed to examine what patients may learn about tooth sensitivity from online videos on YouTube™ and evaluate the accuracy of the information given. METHODS: In this cross-sectional investigation, two experienced periodontologists used the keyword 'tooth sensitivity' to conduct an organized search into YouTube videos containing knowledge regarding dentin hypersensitivity. Videos' type, origin, number of days since upload, duration, number of views, likes and dislikes, and comments were all noted; the viewing rate and interaction index were calculated. Videos were graded based on their content. The DISCERN and Global Quality Scales were used to rate each video's level of quality and reliability. RESULTS: After the initial 260 videos were examined, 199 were kept for additional study. Healthcare professionals, hospitals, and colleges posted the great majority of the videos. There was a significant positive relationship between the number of views and Total Content scores of the videos, the viewing rate, comments, and likes (p < 0.05). Significant relationships were obtained between total discernment, video type, source of upload, and global quality variables, and Total Content scores (p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: When looking for information on dentin hypersensitivity, patients might find watchable, reliable, and helpful videos on YouTube™.

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