RESUMEN
Flocculation plays an important role in the immobilized fermentation of biofuels and biochemicals. It is essential to understand the flocculation phenomenon at physical and molecular scale; however, flocs cannot be studied directly due to fragile nature. Hence, the present study is focused on the morphological specificities of yeast flocs formation and sedimentation via the computer simulation by a single floc growth model, based on Diffusion-Limited Aggregation (DLA) model. The impact of shear force, adsorption, and cell propagation on porosity and floc size is systematically illustrated. Strong shear force and weak adsorption reduced floc size but have little impact on porosity. Besides, cell propagation concreted the compactness of flocs enabling them to gain a larger size. Later, a multiple flocs growth model is developed to explain sedimentation at various initial floc sizes. Both models exhibited qualitative agreements with available experimental data. By regulating the operation constraints during fermentation, the present study will lead to finding optimal conditions to control the floc size distribution for efficient fermentation and harvesting.
Asunto(s)
Floculación , Microbiología Industrial , Saccharomyces cerevisiae , Proliferación Celular , Simulación por Computador , Fermentación , Modelos Biológicos , Saccharomyces cerevisiae/citología , Saccharomyces cerevisiae/aislamiento & purificación , Saccharomyces cerevisiae/metabolismoRESUMEN
The formation, breakage, and re-growth of flocs were investigated by using modified flocculation tests and numerical simulation to explore the evolution of floc morphology for different hydraulic retention times. The shorter the aggregation time was, the smaller the flocs produced for the same hydraulic conditions were. Another interesting discovery was that broken flocs that formed in shorter aggregation time had the capacity to completely recover, whereas those formed in a longer amount of time had rather worse reversibility of broken flocs. With the addition of the maximum motion step in the representative two-dimensional diffusion-limited aggregation (DLA) model, there was a transition for flocs from isotropic to anisotropic as the maximum motion step increased. The strength of flocs was mainly affected by the distribution of particles near the aggregated core rather than distant particles. A simplified breakage model, which found that broken flocs provided more chances for diffused particles to access the inner parts of flocs and to be uniformly packed around the aggregated core, was first proposed. Moreover, an important result showed that the floc fragments formed with a larger value of the maximum motion step had more growing sites than did those with a smaller msa value, which was a benefit of following the re-forming procedure.