RESUMEN

A mandible fragment of Acinonyx pardinensis (Croizet et Jobert, 1828) is described from the Early Pleistocene locality in the Taurida cave (Crimea, Late Villafranchian, about 1.8-1.5 Ma). This is the first discovery of the genus Acinonyx in the Pleistocene of Crimea. Along with other felids, such as Homotherium, Megantereon, Panthera, Lynx, and Puma, cheetahs were typical representatives of the Late Villafranchian faunas of Eurasia. In the Taurida locality, Acinonyx pardinensis is co-occurred with Homotherium crenatidens, Megantereon adroveri, and Lynx issiodorensis.

RESUMEN

The extinct mountain long-eared bat Plecotus macrobullaris sarmaticus subsp. nov. is described on the base of jaw remains from the Lower Pleistocene of the Taurida cave in central Crimea. This is the first record of the genus Plecotus in the Lower Pleistocene of Russia and the first fossil find of P. macrobullaris Kuzyakin, 1965, documenting the early stage of the evolutionary history of the species.

Asunto(s)

RESUMEN

As part of a survey of the subcortical astigmatic mites of Crimea, we discovered a new sexual acarid species, Thyreophagus tauricus sp. n. This species was cultured in the laboratory to correlate the adult and deutonymphal stages. Using specimens obtained by these rearing experiments, we provide a detailed description of Th. tauricus (light microscopy, SEM) based on females, males and heteromorphic deutonymphs. Furthermore, to facilitate molecular identification, the entire COX1 gene was also sequenced for this and three other Palearctic species reared in the lab as pure cultures. Adults of Th. tauricus sp. n. are distinct among all other species of the genus by the presence of flattened, button-shaped or minute spiniform setae s III and IV, which are well-developed spiniform in all other known species of Thyreophagus. Heteromorphic deutonymphs of Th. tauricus are distinct from all other species of Thyreophagus by the presence of well-developed setae cm on the dorsal part of the subcapitular remnant (absent all other species). Th. tauricus is morphologically very similar to Th. corticalis; however, COX1 K2P distances between these two species were large, 19.8%. COX1 K2P distances between Th. tauricus and other species (Th. entomophagus, Th. "entomophagus" NC 066986.1, Th. calusorum, Th. corticalis) ranged between 20.1 and 24.3%. We show that the GenBank sequence of Th. "entomophagus" from China (NC 066986.1) was probably misidentified.

RESUMEN

Emerging viruses pose an important global public health challenge, and early action is needed to control their spread. The Bunyaviridae family contains a great number of arboviruses which are potentially pathogenic for humans. For example, phleboviruses affect a large range of hosts, including humans and animals. Some infections usually have an asymptomatic course, but others lead to severe complications, such as Toscana virus, which is able to cause meningitis and encephalitis. Unfortunately, to date, no vaccines or antiviral treatments have been found. In the present study, we evaluated the effect of melittin-related peptides, namely the frog-derived RV-23 and AR-23, on sandfly fever Naples virus infection in vitro. Both peptides exhibited a strong antiviral activity by targeting the viral particles and blocking the virus-cell interaction. Their action was directed to an early phase of SFNV infection, in particular at viral adsorption on host cells, by interfering with the binding of common glycosaminoglycan receptors. Given the better antimicrobial behavior of AR-23 and RV-23 compared to melittin in terms of selectivity, our studies expand our understanding of the potential of these peptides as antimicrobials and stimulate further investigations in the direction of novel antiviral strategies against phlebovirus infection.

RESUMEN

The mandibles of two individuals of Mustela palerminea (Petenyi, 1864) are described  from the Lower Pleistocene deposits of the Taurida cave in Crimea (Late Villafranchian, 1.8-1.5 Ma). This extinct mustelid species was a typical representative of the Villafranchian faunas of Europe. It is the first record of M. palerminea in Russia.

Asunto(s)

RESUMEN

The dentary of Mustela strandi Kormos, 1934 is described from the Lower Pleistocene deposits (Late Villafranchian, 1.8-1.5 Ma) of the Taurida cave in Crimea. It is the first finding of M. strandi in Russia. This extinct mustelid species is rarely found in the Lower and Middle Pleistocene of Central Europe.

Asunto(s)

RESUMEN

A new northern serotine bat Eptesicus nilssonii varangus subsp. nov. is described on the base of an incomplete skull and a mandibular fragment from the Lower Pleistocene deposits of the Taurida cave in the central Crimea. This is the earliest record of the species. The presence of E. nilssonii (Keyserling et Blasius, 1839) in the Early Pleistocene bat assemblage of the Taurida cave indicates that this species lived in the south of Eastern Europe before its spreading into Central and Southeastern Europe.

Asunto(s)

RESUMEN

The cranial and mandibular remains of a large serotine bat Eptesicus praeglacialis Kormos, 1930 are described from the Lower Pleistocene deposits of the Taurida cave in the central Crimea. This is the first finding of the skull material of E. praeglacialis and the first record of the species in Crimea. Judging by the tooth wear stages, the remains of both young and adult specimens are present in the taphocenosis. The small mammal tooth marks on the bones (caused by eating the remnants of soft tissues) in the absence of signs of digestion, characterizing materials from the predatory bird pellets, indicate that the taphocenosis includes the remains of E. praeglacialis individuals that used the cave as a shelter and died there. This corresponds to the idea of appearance of hibernation in caves as a climatically determined ecological adaptation in some European forest-dwelling bats (including Eptesicus) at the Pliocene-Pleistocene transition.

Asunto(s)

RESUMEN

A new extinct subspecies of the Mehely's horseshoe bat, Rhinolophus mehelyi scythotauricus subsp. nov., is described on the base of an incomplete skull from the Lower Pleistocene deposits of the Taurida cave in the central Crimea. It is the largest member of the R. euryale group. In terms of the evolutionary level, it is intermediate between Plio-Pleistocene R. mehelyi birzebbugensis Storch, 1974 and recent members of the species, but its large size and relatively narrow upper molars may indicate belonging to a separate phylogenetic lineage within R. mehelyi Matschie, 1901. R. mehelyi scythotauricus subsp. nov. is the first fossil record of the species in the Crimea; it is also one of the northernmost finds of R. mehelyi.

Asunto(s)

RESUMEN

El objetivo de este trabajo es identificar similitudes entre la labor desarrollada y las competencias enfermeras que Florence Nightingale y Carmen Angoloti prestaron durante la Guerra de Crimea y la Guerra del Rif respectivamente. Se ha realizado una revisión documental incluyendo biografías, memorias y periódicos de la época. Según metodología histórica, resulta en un estudio original de interés por el método analítico-sintético. Se ha podido constatar la relevancia del papel de ambas profesionales en la evolución de la profesión enfermera y su implantación en España, así como la evolución de la imagen social y relevancia de la enfermería de una época a otra. Se aprecian semejanzas como la importancia del apoyo monárquico para desarrollar la misión sanitaria, el desorden encontrado en los hospitales, establecimiento de reglas básicas de salud pública, orientación de los cuidados para cubrir las necesidades básicas de los heridos o las labores desempeñadas de gestión y administración de recursos (AU)

The aim of this thesis is to identify similarities between the work and nursing skills of Florence Nightingale and Carmen Angoloti during the Crimean War and the Rif War. A documentary review has been carried out, including biographies, memoirs and newspapers of the time. According to the historical methodology, it is an original study of interest through the analytical-synthetic method. The relevance of the role of both professionals in the evolution of the nursing profession and its establishment in Spain has been confirmed, as well as the evolution of the social image and relevance of nursing from one period to another. Similarities can be identified, such as the importance of monarchical support in the development of the health mission, the disorder found in hospitals, the establishment of basic public health rules, the orientation of care to meet the basic needs of the wounded and the work carried out in the management and administration of resources (AU)

Asunto(s)

RESUMEN

El objetivo de este trabajo es identificar similitudes entre la labor desarrollada y las competencias enfermeras que Florence Nightingale y Carmen Angoloti prestaron durante la Guerra de Crimea y la Guerra del Rif respectivamente. Se ha realizado una revisión documental incluyendo biografías, memorias y periódicos de la época. Según metodología histórica, resulta en un estudio original de interés por el método analítico-sintético. Se ha podido constatar la relevancia del papel de ambas profesionales en la evolución de la profesión enfermera y su implantación en España, así como la evolución de la imagen social y relevancia de la enfermería de una época a otra. Se aprecian semejanzas como la importancia del apoyo monárquico para desarrollar la misión sanitaria, el desorden encontrado en los hospitales, establecimiento de reglas básicas de salud pública, orientación de los cuidados para cubrir las necesidades básicas de los heridos o las labores desempeñadas de gestión y administración de recursos. (AU)

The aim of this thesis is to identify similarities between the work and nursing skills of Florence Nightingale and Carmen Angoloti during the Crimean War and the Rif War. A documentary review has been carried out, including biographies, memoirs and newspapers of the time. According to the historical methodology, it is an original study of interest through the analytical-synthetic method. The relevance of the role of both professionals in the evolution of the nursing profession and its establishment in Spain has been confirmed, as well as the evolution of the social image and relevance of nursing from one period to another. Similarities can be identified, such as the importance of monarchical support in the development of the health mission, the disorder found in hospitals, the establishment of basic public health rules, the orientation of care to meet the basic needs of the wounded and the work carried out in the management and administration of resources. (AU)

Asunto(s)

RESUMEN

Numerous remains (incomplete skull, cranial and mandibular fragments, and isolated teeth) of a large horseshoe bat of the Rhinolophus ferrumequinum group are described from the Lower Pleistocene depo-sits of the Taurida cave in the central Crimea. They are assigned to Rhinolophus macrorhinus cimmerius subsp. nov. In dental characters the new subspecies is less specialized than R. m. anomalidens Topál, 1979 from the Late Villafranchian of Central Europe, which implies the origin of the former from an earlier form morphologically close to R. m. macrorhinus Topál, 1963. The perfect preservation of the cranial structures made it possible to observe the remnants of the palatal ridges and the morphology of the nasal turbinals of R. macro-rhinus cimmerius subsp. nov.

Asunto(s)

RESUMEN

Coprolites of the hyena Pachycrocuta brevirostris from the Lower Pleistocene (Upper Villafranchian) of Taurida Cave (Crimea) were studied. One of the three hyena coprolites contained helminth eggs. These eggs were assigned to Toxocara sp. based on their size and morphology. Toxocariasis was evidently a very common infestation among extinct hyena species. The find of toxocara in P. brevirostris coprolite from the Taurida Cave is the earliest evidence of roundworm infestation in P. brevirostris.

Asunto(s)

RESUMEN

The article briefly presents the history of the formation of the forensic medicine service in Crimea. Information on the main legislative acts that determined the activities of forensic experts and the service in general at different historical stages is provided. The data on the heads of the service and well-known experts - forensic doctors, organizers of forensic medical examination in Crimea are presented. In parallel, the history of the organization and development of the Department of Forensic Medicine is described, the role of its employees in organizing the work of the Crimean Bureau of Forensic Medical Expertise is presented. In this article, in addition to the available sources of literature and bibliography of legislative acts, materials from the archive of the Department of Forensic Medicine of Medical Academy named after S.I. Georgievsky of Vernadsky Crimean Federal University are used.

Asunto(s)

RESUMEN

The gastropod Rapana venosa is an edible mollusk suitable for biomonitoring of sea shelf contamination. In this work, the contents of five elements (Cu, Zn, As, Cd, Pb) in foot and in the rest of soft tissues of this mollusk were quantified, and the element contents in the edible foot were found below the maximum permissible levels set in several national and transnational regulations. The estimated daily intake of these elements and the hazard index indicated no likely risks to consumers' health, but the long-term cancer risks due to the arsenic intake were found significant. The arsenic and cadmium contents in soft tissues of this rapa whelk were among highest observed in the Black Sea region in the 2010s, and this suggests the specific arsenic and cadmium contamination of seawater off the southwestern Crimea. For the first time, this mollusk was shown to serve as a seawater contamination bioindicator at the regional level.

Asunto(s)

RESUMEN

Henry Goodeve was appointed assistant surgeon to the Bengal Principality of the East India Company in 1831 and in 1835 was appointed assistant to Dr MJ Bramley, who was the newly appointed Superintendent of the Calcutta Medical School. Later that year, Goodeve was appointed Professor of Medicine and Anatomy and in 1845 accompanied four Indian students to London where they underwent further training at University College. Returning to Calcutta two years later, he was appointed Professor of Midwifery and retired in 1853, returning to England. Goodeve was appointed Senior Physician to the Rentkioi Hospital at the end of the Crimean war in 1855. After this he spent the rest of his life in Bristol. He built a large mansion and became a magistrate and was on numerous committees. He had many publications including Hints on Children in India that went to 14 editions and was the co-editor of one of the Calcutta Medical Journals.

Asunto(s)

RESUMEN

A maxillary fragment of the extinct hyena Chasmaporthetes lunensis (Del Campana, 1914) is described from the Early Pleistocene locality of the Taurida cave (Crimea, Late Villafranchian, 1.8-1.5 Ma). The species was a typical representative of the Villafranchian faunas of Eurasia. This is the first record of the genus Chasmaporthetes in the Pleistocene of Crimea.

Asunto(s)

RESUMEN

Crimea-Congo hemorrhagic fever virus is considered a potential public health threat due to the high case fatality ratio of the disease hemorrhagic phase and absence of approved vaccines or antiviral agents. Therefore, it is of interest to screen FDA approved drugs against the nucleoprotein crystal of Crimea-Congo hemorrhagic fever virus strain Baghdad-12 by using molecular docking and dynamics simulation. Hence, we report that the beta receptor blocker Nebivolol and the antihistamine Loratadine may bind to RNA binding region on nucleoprotein for further consideration in drug design and development.

RESUMEN

La mayoría de los héroes que conocemos son seres extraordinarios con poderes mágicos y una capa ondeando en sus hombros. Pero también existen héroes de carne y hueso, tan humanos como tú y como yo, que algunas veces se equivocan y otras aciertan a lo grande. Florence Nightingale fue una de ellas. Sus poderes fueron un gran interés por ayudar a las personas enfermas, una voluntad de hierro para mejorar su cuidado y unas ganas increíbles de aprender. Gracias a ellos se convirtió en la primera enfermera de la historia y demostró al mundo que una buena atención a los enfermos contribuye a una mejor y más rápida curación.(AU)

Most of the heroes we meet areextraordinary beings with magical powersand a cape fluttering from their shoulders.But there are also flesh and blood heroes, ashuman as you and me, who are sometimeswrong and sometimes right big. FlorenceNightingale was one of them. His powerswere a great interest in helping sick people,an iron will to improve their care, and anincredible desire to learn. Thanks to them,she became the first nurse in history andshowed the world that good care for the sickcontributes to better and faster healing.(AU)

A maioria dos heróis queencontramos são seres extraordinários compoderes mágicos e uma capa esvoaçante emseus ombros. Mas também existem heróis decarne e osso, tão humanos quanto você e eu,que às vezes estão errados e às vezes estãocertos. Florence Nightingale era uma delas.Seus poderes eram um grande interesse emajudar os enfermos, uma vontade de ferropara melhorar seus cuidados e um desejoincrível de aprender. Graças a eles, ela setornou a primeira enfermeira da história emostrou ao mundo que cuidar bem dosenfermos contribui para uma cura melhor emais rápida.(AU)

Asunto(s)

RESUMEN

La labor de Nightingale y su equipo en la Guerra de Crimea fue trascendental. Susintervenciones fueron reconocidas en Inglaterra y otros países. Por aquel momento, en España, elcuidado estaba mayoritariamente en manos de la Iglesia. El presente trabajo pretende identificarel posicionamiento ideológico difundido en prensa española sobre el papel de Nightingale en laGuerra de Crimea. Se llevó a cabo una revisión bibliográfica en la Hemeroteca Digital de laBiblioteca Nacional de España, obteniendo 27 publicaciones en prensa española que referíannoticias de Nightingale y la Guerra de Crimea. El contenido fue analizado siguiendo lahermenéutica de Gadamer. Atendiendo a la ideología política y religiosa de cada periódico, laspublicaciones muestran discrepancias en relación con la percepción de la labor de Nightingale.Algunos periódicos la definen como imitadora de instituciones religiosas; otros destacan a unamujer con formación académica y gran capacidad de liderazgo en temas de gestión sanitaria. Estasdivergencias resultan del análisis de Nightingale en un contexto cultural, político y socialdiferente a la Inglaterra protestante. Para futuras investigaciones se propone analizar si lainformación en la prensa española en relación con la iniciativa de formación enfermera deNightingale también generó discrepancias en este contexto.(AU)

The work of Nightingale and his team in the Crimean War was significant. Theirinterventions were recognized in England and other countries. At that time, in Spain, care wasmostly in the hands of the Church. This paper aims to identify the ideological positiondisseminated in the Spanish press on the role of Nightingale in the Crimean War. A bibliographicreview was carried out in the Digital Newspaper Library of the National Library of Spain,obtaining 27 publications in Spanish press that referred to news of Nightingale and the CrimeanWar. The content was analysed following Gadamer’s hermeneutics. Based on the political andreligious ideology of each newspaper, the publications show discrepancies regarding theperception of Nightingale’s work. Some newspapers define her as a imitator of religiousinstitutions; others highlight a woman with an academic background and great leadership in healthmanagement. These divergences result from Nightingale’s analysis in a cultural, political, andsocial context that was different from Protestant England. For future research it is proposed toanalyse whether the information in the Spanish press in relation to the Nightingale nursingtraining initiative also generated discrepancies in this context.(AU)

O trabalho de Nightingale e sua equipe na Guerra da Crimeia foi significativo. Suasintervenções foram reconhecidas na Inglaterra e em outros países. Naquela época, na Espanha, ocuidado estava principalmente nas mãos da Igreja. Este artigo tem como objetivo identificar aposição ideológica disseminada na imprensa espanhola sobre o papel do Nightingale na Guerrada Crimeia. Uma revisão bibliográfica foi realizada na Biblioteca de Jornais Digitais da BibliotecaNacional da Espanha, obtendo 27 publicações na imprensa espanhola que se referiam a notíciasde Nightingale e da Guerra da Crimeia. O conteúdo foi analisado seguindo a hermenêutica deGadamer. Com base na ideologia política e religiosa de cada jornal, as publicações mostramdiscrepâncias em relação à percepção do trabalho de Nightingale. Alguns jornais a definem comouma imitadora de instituições religiosas; outros destacam uma mulher com formação acadêmicae grande liderança na gestão da saúde. Essas divergências resultam da análise de Nightingale emum contexto cultural, político e social que era diferente da Inglaterra protestante. Para futuraspesquisas propõe-se analisar se as informações da imprensa espanhola em relação à iniciativa deformação em enfermagem Nightingale também geraram discrepâncias neste contexto.(AU)

Asunto(s)