RESUMEN
El Cross-Linking corneal es un procedimiento utilizado en oftalmología principalmente para el tratamiento del queratocono, la ectasia corneal más frecuente. A pesar de su baja tasa de complicaciones, no es una técnica exenta de ellas. Entre las principales complicaciones se encuentran el haze y el melting corneal, ambas poseen una fisiopatología que no está totalmente esclarecida. Se realizó una revisión bibliográfica sobre la asociación entre el uso de quinolonas y el daño corneal frente a la exposición de luz UV. También se plantearon factores inherentes al paciente que se han relacionado al aumento de complicaciones. Se determinó que la radiación UV produce daños en aquellos tejidos sometidos previamente a tratamiento con quinolonas siendo de suma importancia la correcta anamnesis para seleccionar a los candidatos al procedimiento. (AU)
Corneal Cross-Linking is a procedure used in ophthalmology mainly for the treatment of keratoconus, the most frequent corneal ectasia. Despite its low complication rate, it is not an exempt technique. Among the main complications are haze and corneal melting, both have a pathophysiology that is not fully clarified. A bibliographic review of the association between the use of quinolones and corneal damage versus UV light exposure was performed. Inherent patient factors that have been related to increased complications were also raised. It was determined that UV radiation causes damage to these tissues, sometimes prior to quinolone treatment, with the correction of the anamnesis being of utmost importance to select the candidates for the procedure.
Asunto(s)
Humanos , Córnea/anomalías , Reactivos de Enlaces Cruzados/uso terapéutico , Riboflavina/uso terapéutico , Factores de Riesgo , Queratocono/tratamiento farmacológicoRESUMEN
PURPOSE: To report the case of a 50-year-old woman with diabetes that presented with corneal melting and perforation 6 weeks after collagen cross-linking (CxL) for keratoconus (KC) and postoperative use of nepafenac eye drops, a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID). METHODS: This is a case report of a patient with diabetes, KC and a thin cornea that had undergone left eye corneal CxL at a different hospital followed by postoperative use of nepafenac eye drops for 6 weeks. RESULTS: The patient presented for the first time to our clinic with left corneal melting, perforation and iris prolapse 6 weeks after corneal CxL and topical nepafenac use. She was treated with a left eye tectonic penetrating keratoplasty, extracapsular cataract extraction, intraocular lens implantation and pupilloplasty. CONCLUSIONS: The corneal melting and perforation in this patient was associated with multiple risk factors: (1) nepafenac eye drop use, (2) CxL in a cornea thinner than 400 µm and (3) diabetes. The recommended corneal thickness limits should be respected. Topical NSAIDs should be used with caution if used as postoperative treatment after corneal CxL and in patients with diabetes, epithelial defect or delayed healing, because of the possible increased risk for corneal melting when multiple risk factors are observed.
RESUMEN
PURPOSE: To report corneal stem cell allografts in a patient with a persistent epithelial defect as well as corneal melting and perforation due to severe ultraviolet light burn and thermokeratoplasty treatment for keratoconus. METHODS: A 21-year-old female patient with corneal melting, perforation and a persistent epithelial defect in her left eye secondary to iatrogenic treatment for keratoconus, thermokeratoplasty and cross-linking was treated with penetrating keratoplasty, using a 9.0-mm diameter corneal graft and limbal stem cell allograft implants. At the end of the procedure, subtenonian injections of a combination of bevacizumab and triamcinolone were given. RESULTS: The patient had a favorable outcome 48 h after surgery, with an improvement of symptoms and a complete corneal healing. By the third week after surgery, she had a best-corrected visual acuity of 20/60 and a clear corneal graft, which remained stable for the 9 months of follow-up. CONCLUSIONS: Treatment with limbal stem cell allografts and penetrating keratoplasty in a female patient with a large corneal defect and melting in her left eye was effective. Larger studies are warranted to explore the real impact of this procedure.