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Envenoming resulting from Apis honeybee stings pose a neglected public health concern, with clinical complications ranging from mild local reactions to severe systemic manifestations. This review explores the mechanisms underlying envenoming by honeybee sting, discusses diagnostic approaches, and reviews current pharmacological interventions. This section explores the diverse clinical presentations of honeybee envenoming, including allergic and non-allergic reactions, emphasizing the need for accurate diagnosis to guide appropriate medical management. Mechanistic insights into the honeybee venom's impact on physiological systems, including the immune and cardiovascular systems, are provided to enhance understanding of the complexities of honeybee sting envenoming. Additionally, the article evaluates emerging diagnostic technologies and therapeutic strategies, providing a critical analysis of their potential contributions to improved patient outcomes. This article aims to provide current knowledge for healthcare professionals to effectively manage honeybee sting envenoming, thereby improving patient care and treatment outcomes.

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Male breast cancer (MBC) is a rare condition, accounting for approximately 1 % of all breast cancer cases. Nevertheless, the paucity of MBC-specific research has impeded a thorough understanding of MBC. In this study, we aimed to delineate the epidemiological implications of MBC in Brazil and benchmarked it against female breast cancer (FBC). This retrospective study analyzed data from the DATASUS database (2017-2021), which assessed the incidence of breast cancer in both sexes. All statistical analyses were performed using descriptive statistics and inferential methods, with significance set at a 95 % confidence interval. We identified 4,326 (1.7 %) and 233,793 (94.2 %) patients with MBC and FBC, respectively, in Brazil. Despite the general population concentration in the Southeast, MBC cases were more prevalent in the Northeast (p < 0.0004). At breast cancer diagnosis, males were typically older (mean age 59.5 [±10.2] years) than females (mean age 55.7 7 [±9.8] years). MBC was more commonly diagnosed clinically compared with FBC, which was most commonly diagnosed via screening. Surgical diagnostics were twice as likely in males, who also more frequently presented with advanced disease stages (stages III and IV; 72.8 % vs. 59.3 %), leading to a higher rate of mastectomy. Treatment was initiated earlier in males than in females. Although MBC comprises a minority of breast cancer cases, it is more frequently diagnosed at an advanced stage compared with FBC and necessitates aggressive treatment. Our study also underscores the potential benefit of prompt initiation of therapy and need for tailored clinical approaches in patients with MBC.

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O manejo clínico em Odontopediatria é individual, podendo variar nas diversas culturas mundiais. O objetivo desta revisão de literatura é reunir as principais diretrizes de diferentes países ao redor do mundo, incluindo o Brasil, visando identificar como em cada lugar o uso das técnicas de comportamento são aplicadas e sua eficiência. Inicialmente, foram selecionados os principais guias nacionais e internacionais, sendo eles retirados da Associação Internacional de Odontopediatria (IAPD) e Associação Americana de Odontopediatria (AAPD), além de artigos de diferentes países e continentes, como Argentina, Brasil, Europa e Ásia, também foram analisados se o protocolo dos principais guias estão condizentes com os protocolos do Departamento de Clínica Infantil da Faculdade de Odontologia de Ribeirão Preto - USP. Os resultados obtidos nos guias para manejo clínico odontológico brasileiro, americano, internacional e os artigos estudados recomendam inicialmente utilizar técnicas menos invasivas, com o intuito proporcionar um atendimento tranquilo e sem criar traumas para a criança, uma vez que muito do comportamento não cooperativo vem de experiências anteriores traumáticas. Entretanto, técnicas avançadas podem ser utilizadas para casos mais desafiadores. Concluímos com o estudo dos guias e artigos, que o cirurgião dentista possui diversas técnicas a serem aplicadas para que o atendimento infantil seja atraumático e restabelecer saúde ao paciente.

Clinical management in Pediatric Dentistry is individual and varies across different cultures around the world. The objective of this literature review is to bring together the main guidelines from different countries around the world, including Brazil, aiming to identify how the use of behavioral techniques are applied and their efficiency in each place. Initially, the main national and international guides were selected, taken from the International Association of Pediatric Dentistry (IAPD) and the American Association of Pediatric Dentistry (AAPD), as well as articles from different countries and continents, such as Argentina, Brazil, Europe and Asia, as well as It was analyzed whether the protocols of the main guides are consistent with the protocols of the Children's Clinic Department of the Faculty of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto - USP. The results obtained in the guides for Brazilian, American and international dental clinical management and the articles studied recommend initially using less invasive techniques, with the aim of providing calm care and without creating trauma for the child, since much of the uncooperative behavior comes from previous traumatic experiences. However, advanced techniques can be used for more challenging cases. We conclude from studying the guides and articles that the dental surgeon has several techniques to be applied so that child care is atraumatic and restores health to the patient.

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Objetivo: Descrever o manejo clínico da Doença de Chagas (DC) por profissionais médicos da Atenção Primária à Saúde (APS) de região endêmica. Metodologia: Estudo transversal entre médicos da APS de 23 municípios. A coleta contemplou questões Demográficas, Formação Acadêmica, Características da APS de Atuação, Práticas e Conhecimento Relativos à DC. Conduziram-se análises descritivas de todas as variáveis e bivariadas para os blocos de práticas e conhecimento relativos à DC considerando o tempo de conclusão da graduação. Resultados: Foram incluídos 136 médicos. A maioria mencionou conhecer o Protocolo Clínico e Diretriz Terapêutica da DC, mas não prescreveu o benzonidazol e se sente insegura no manejo do paciente. Na análise bivariada, a variável conhecimento sobre a DC adquirido na graduação mostrou-se associada estatisticamente ao tempo de graduação. Conclusão: Importantes obstáculos ainda persistem no manejo médico ao paciente com DC na APS. A partir desse achado espera-se incentivar a qualificação.

Objective: To describe the clinical management of Chagas Disease (CD) by Primary Health Care (PHC) physicians in an endemic region. Methodology: Cross-sectional study with PHC physicians from 23 municipalities. The collection included questions on Demographics, Academic Background, Characteristics of the APS in Action, Practices and Knowledge Relating to CD. Descriptive analyzes of all variables and bivariates were carried out for the blocks of practices and knowledge related to CD, considering the time of completion of graduation. Results: 136 physicians were included. Most mentioned knowing the CD Clinical Protocol and Therapeutic Guideline, but did not prescribe benznidazole and feel insecure in-patient management. In the bivariate analysis, the variable knowledge about CD acquired during graduation was statistically associated with graduation time. Conclusion: Important obstacles still persist in the medical management of patients with CD in PHC. Based on this finding, it is expected to encourage qualification.

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Objective: To evaluate the knowledge about physiological aspects, clinical management, and nutrition of primary care patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus by sociodemographic, economic, and clinical variables. Material and methods: We conducted an observational cross-sectional study in 22 Family Health Strategy units in the city of Montes Claros, Minas Gerais, in 2015 among 353 patients registered with type 2 diabetes mellitus. A structured questionnaire was used to assess sociodemographic and clinical characteristics. Knowledge was assessed using the diabetes knowledge scale questionnaire. Data were presented with absolute frequencies and percentages and analyzed using Poisson regression. Results: Most respondents demonstrated satisfactory knowledge in the field of physiology (60.30%) and unsatisfactory knowledge in clinical management (67.7%) and nutrition (61.5%). Schooling was associated with knowledge in the areas of physiology, clinical management and nutrition, and treatment associated with clinical management. Conclusion: Knowledge about type 2 diabetes mellitus was related to sociodemographic characteristics and treatment. The importance of health education for coping with this chronic condition is evident.

Objetivo: Evaluar los conocimientos sobre aspectos fisiológicos, manejo clínico y nutrición de usuarios con diabetes mellitus tipo 2 registrados en unidades de Atención Primaria y su análisis según variables sociodemográficas, económicas y clínicas. Métodos: Se trata de un estudio observacional y transversal realizado en 22 unidades de la Estrategia Salud de la Familia de la ciudad de Montes Claros, Minas Gerais, en 2015 con 353 pacientes registrados con diabetes mellitus tipo 2. Se utilizó un cuestionario estructurado para evaluar las características sociodemográficas y clínicas. El conocimiento se evaluó mediante el cuestionario de la escala de conocimiento de la diabetes. Los datos se presentaron en frecuencias absolutas y porcentajes. El análisis de datos utilizó la regresión de Poisson. Resultados: La mayoría de los encuestados demostró conocimientos satisfactorios en el campo de fisiología (60,30%) y conocimientos insatisfactorios en manejo clínico (67,7%) y nutrición (61,5%). La escolaridad se asoció con conocimientos en las áreas de Fisiología, Manejo Clínico y Nutrición e treatment con Manejo Clínico. Conclusión: El conocimiento sobre la diabetes mellitus tipo 2 está relacionado con las características sociodemográficas y el. tratamento. La importancia de la educación en salud para el enfrentamiento de esta condición crónica es evidente.

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Candida tropicalis is a notable species of the Candida genus representing an impressive epidemiology in tropical regions, especially in South America and Asia, where India already presents the species as the first in Candida epidemiology. Candida tropicalis has also shown a worrying antifungal resistance profile in recent years. It is essential to highlight that each pathogenic species of the Candida genus has a particular biology; however, Candida virulence factors are almost entirely based on studies with C. albicans. The intrinsic resistance of C. krusei to some azoles, the intrinsic osmotolerance of C. tropicalis, and the multidrug resistance of C. auris are just a few examples of how the biology of each Candida species is unique. Despite being a phylogenetically close species, C. tropicalis can support 15% NaCl, antagonistically metabolize and signal N-acetylglucosamine, encode 16 reported ALS genes, and other specificities discussed here compared to C. albicans. It is essential to clarify the details of the C. tropicalis infectious process, including identifying the participating secreted enzyme(s), the factors responsible for tissue damage, and the mechanisms underlying the morphogenesis and tolerance signaling pathways. In this review, we thoroughly assembled what is known about the main virulence factors of C. tropicalis, highlighting the missing pieces to stimulate further research with C. tropicalis and other non-Candida albicans species.

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BACKGROUND: Although the gastrointestinal tract is the most affected by Crohn's disease (CD), the condition triggers other consequent manifestations, and iron deficiency anemia (IDA) is one of the most common. Intravenous (IV) iron replacement is currently available through several drugs, such as ferric hydroxide sucrose and ferric carboxymaltose (FCM). However, the clinical management of these conditions can be challenging. AIM: To elucidate the drug's effectiveness, the present study analyzed, through medical records, the clinical and epidemiological data of a cohort of patients with active CD who received IV FCM for the IDA treatment. METHODS: This retrospective observational study included 25 patients with active CD, severe anemia, and refractory to previous conventional treatments. Patients were evaluated two times: During the last treatment with ferric hydroxide sucrose and treatment with FCM. RESULTS: After treatment with FCM, parameters of IDA assessment significantly improved, serum hemoglobin (Hb) levels increased in 93% of patients (P < 0.0001), and in 44%, there was an increase of ≥ 2 g/dL in a single application. In addition, 86% of the patients showed an increase in serum iron (P < 0.0001) and ferritin (P = 0.0008) and 50% in transferrin saturation (P = 0.01). The serum iron levels at baseline showed a negative association with the ileal and colonic CD and use of biologics and a positive association with patients who developed CD later in life after the age of 40 (A3) and with a stenosing (B2) and fistulizing (B3) phenotype. The values of Hb and hematocrit after ferric hydroxide sucrose treatment remained similar to those found before treatment. CONCLUSION: This study demonstrated that FCM is an important therapeutic strategy for treating IDA in CD patients, achieving satisfactory results in refractory cases.

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Objective: To analyze clinical indicators of teledentistry management for the elderly population during the COVID-19 pandemic in Chile. Material and Methods:A pilot teledentistry project was developed for dental care of the elderly in 5 regions of Chile. The data obtained were recorded on the TEGO Platform to be subsequently selected and analyzed by the researchers in terms of clinical management indicators: degree of installed occupancy, degree of available occupation, degree of real occupation, interconsultation indicator per patient attended, urgencies according to reason for consultations, unpostponable prosthetic treatment according to reason for consultations, prevention in relation to granted benefits, prevention in relation to the patients cared for, and project absenteeism indicator. Results: The clinical management indicators obtained were as follows: The average degree of installed occupancy was 67%. The average degree of available occupancy was 78%, which accounts for the clinical time in which there are dental chairs and dentists willing to work. The average real occupancy degree was 86%. The average interconsultation indicator per patient observed was 25%. The indicator of urgencies according to the reason for the consultation was 95%, which indicates that the purpose of the study was fulfilled. The average unpostponable prosthetic treatment according to the reason for consultations was 5%. The prevention in relation to granted benefits reached 39%. Finally, the average indicator of absenteeism was 17%. Conclusion: The measurement of clinical management indicators contributes to meet the Chilean Ministry of Health Explicit Health Guarantees (GES), which are: Access, Timely Attention, Quality and Financial Protection.

Objetivo: Analizar indicadores clínicos del manejo de la teleodontología para la población de adultos mayores durante la pandemia de COVID-19 en Chile. Material y Métodos: Se desarrolló un proyecto piloto de teleodontología para la atención odontológica del adulto mayor en cinco regiones de Chile. Los datos obtenidos fueron registrados en la plataforma TEGO para ser posteriormente seleccionados y analizados por los investigadores en cuanto a indicadores de gestión clínica: grado de ocupación instalada, grado de ocupación disponible, grado de ocupación real, indicador de interconsulta por paciente atendido, urgencias según motivo por consultas, tratamiento protésico improrrogable según motivo de consultas, prevención en relación a las prestaciones otorgadas, prevención en relación a los pacientes atendidos e indicador de ausentismo del proyecto. Resultados: Los indicadores de gestión clínica obtenidos fueron los siguientes: El grado medio de ocupación instalada fue del 67%. El grado medio de ocupación disponible fue del 78%, lo que da cuenta del tiempo clínico en el que hay sillones dentales y odontólogos dispuestos a trabajar. El grado de ocupación real promedio fue del 86%. El indicador medio de interconsultas por paciente observado fue del 25%. El indicador de urgencias según el motivo de la consulta fue del 95%, lo que indica que se cumplió con el propósito del estudio. El promedio de tratamientos protésicos impostergables según el motivo de consulta fue del 5%. La prevención en relación a las prestaciones otorgadas alcanzó el 39%. Finalmente, el indicador promedio de ausentismo fue de 17%. Conclusión: La medición de indicadores de gestión clínica contribuye a cumplir con las Garantías Explícitas en Salud (GES) del Ministerio de Salud de Chile, que son: Acceso, Oportunidad, Calidad y Protección Financiera.

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BACKGROUND: 22q11.2 deletion syndrome (22q11.2DS) is a rare disease with an important characteristic-clinical heterogeneity. The diversity of organs, regions, and systems of the body that can be affected requires periodic updating of health professionals so that they can recognize these clinical signs as belonging to 22q11.2DS. Updated professionals are equally important for the appropriate and timely clinical management of individuals with a positive diagnosis. In this context, this article aimed to map and analyze the access to healthcare for individuals with 22q11.2DS until the moment of diagnosis. RESULTS: We analyzed the clinical data of 111 individuals with 22q11.2DS registered in the Brazilian Database on Craniofacial Anomalies (BDCA) from 2008 to 2020. In this study, individuals were diagnosed at a median age of 9 years (mean = 9.7 years). Before the genetic investigation, they accessed 68.75% of the internationally recommended evaluations available at BDCA. Recurrent 22q11.2DS clinical manifestations such as delayed neuropsychomotor development, lip and/or palate defects, cardiac malformation and/or hematological/immunological alteration co-occurred in at least 72.06% of individuals. Cardiac malformation was the only clinical alteration that lowered the median diagnostic age, corresponding to 6.5 years of age with a cardiac malformation versus 11 years of age without one (p = 0.0006). CONCLUSIONS: In Brazil, 22q11.2 DS is under-recognized, and early diagnosis and management of affected individuals are still a distant reality. In this sense, 22q11.2 DS suspicion followed by the elimination of obstacles for its diagnosis confirmation is essential to increase life expectancy and improve the quality of life of these individuals in Brazil.

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ABSTRACT Objective to understand the best management practices in the health care provided to people living with HIV in Primary Health Care services from Florianópolis, Santa Catarina. Method a qualitative research study anchored in the Constructivist Grounded Theory. The study participants were nurses and managers involved with management practices in the care provided to people living with HIV in the municipality. The data were collected between July and September 2020 from intensive interviews with 12 nurses in four Basic Health Units and with five managers of the Municipal Health Department, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil, totaling 17 participants. Data collection and analysis took place concomitantly, following the initial and focused coding phases. Results this resulted in the phenomenon entitled "Unveiling the best management practices in the care provided to people living with HIV related to decentralized, shared and evidence-based care", supported by three categories that point to decentralization of the clinical management of the HIV infection to Primary Health Care in Florianópolis, to instrumentalization and training of professionals to manage the infection through the use of scientific evidence, and to the care practices developed in the face of the COVID-19 pandemic. Conclusion decentralization of care for people living with HIV to Primary Health Care was presented as the foundation of the best practices, supported by teamwork and evidence-based clinical management.

RESUMEN Objetivo comprender las mejores prácticas de gestión de la atención médica provista a personas que viven con VIH en los servicios de Atención Primaria de la Salud de Florianópolis, Santa Catarina. Método investigación cualitativa, basada en la Teoría Fundamentada en los Datos constructivista. Los participantes del estudio fueron enfermeros y gerentes con participación en las prácticas de gestión de la atención provista a personas que viven con VIH en el municipio. Los datos se recolectaron entre julio y septiembre de 2020 a partir de entrevistas intensivas con 12 enfermeros en cuatro Unidades Básicas de Salud y con cinco gerentes de la Secretaría Municipal de Salud de Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, Brasil, totalizando 17 participantes. La recolección y el análisis de los datos tuvieron lugar simultáneamente, para luego desarrollar las fases de codificación inicial y focalizada. Resultados se arribó al fenómeno llamado "Revelando las mejores prácticas de gestión de la atención provista a personas que viven con VIH relacionadas con la asistencia descentralizada, compartida y basada en evidencias", sustentado por tres categorías que apuntan a la descentralización del manejo clínico de la infección por VIH al ámbito de la Atención Primaria de la Salud en Florianópolis, a la instrumentalización y capacitación de los profesionales para el manejo de la infección aplicando evidencias científicas, y a las prácticas de atención desarrolladas frente a la pandemia de COVID-19. Conclusión la descentralización de la atención provista a personas que viven con VIH al ámbito de la Atención Primaria de la Salud se presentó como la base de las mejores prácticas, sustentadas en el trabajo en equipo y el manejo clínico basado en evidencias.

RESUMO Objetivo compreender as melhores práticas de gestão no cuidado à saúde das pessoas que vivem com HIV em serviços de Atenção Primária à Saúde em Florianópolis, Santa Catarina. Método pesquisa qualitativa, ancorada na teoria fundamentada nos dados construtivista. Os participantes do estudo foram enfermeiros e gestores envolvidos com as práticas de gestão no cuidado às pessoas que vivem com HIV no município. Os dados foram coletados entre julho e setembro de 2020, a partir de entrevistas intensivas com 12 enfermeiros, em quatro Unidades Básicas de Saúde e cinco gestores da Secretaria Municipal de Saúde, de Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, Brasil, totalizando 17 participantes. A coleta e análise dos dados ocorreram de forma concomitante, seguindo as fases de codificação inicial e focalizada. Resultados chegou-se ao fenômeno intitulado "Desvelando as melhores práticas de gestão no cuidado às pessoas que vivem com HIV relacionadas com o cuidado descentralizado, compartilhado e baseado em evidências," sustentado por três categorias que apontam para a descentralização do manejo clínico da infecção por HIV para a Atenção Primária à Saúde em Florianópolis, a instrumentalização e treinamento dos profissionais para o manejo da infecção mediante o uso de evidências científicas e as práticas de cuidado desenvolvidas frente à pandemia de Covid-19. Conclusão a descentralização do cuidado às pessoas que vivem com HIV para a Atenção Primária à Saúde foi apresentada como alicerce das melhores práticas, amparadas no trabalho em equipe e manejo clínico baseado em evidências.

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Introducción: en Enfermería el reconocimiento de los patrones emancipatorio y sociopolítico en la práctica no es evidente. Esta identificación permite la cualificación del cuidado en áreas de gran complejidad como la oncológica, que afecta a población infantil y a sus familias. Objetivo: conocer el significado de los patrones de conocimiento sociopolítico y emancipatorio en los profesionales de Enfermería durante el cuidado de los niños con cáncer y sus familias. Metodología: estudio cualitativo etnográfico en el que se realizaron entrevistas semiestructuradas a diez enfermeros con experiencias entre los seis meses y diecisiete años trabajando con población oncológica pediátrica. Y observaciones no participantes en dos instituciones de salud, una privada y otra pública. Los datos se estudiaron bajo el procedimiento de análisis propuesto por Michael Angrosino, que consta de las fases: gestión de datos, lectura general y clasificación de temas. Resultados: como producto del análisis de la información se establecieron tres grandes temas: contexto de cuidado; cuidado de enfermería; y expresiones de los patrones sociopolítico y emancipatorio en el cuidado. En la discusión se articularon los resultados con la teoría de Sistemas de Imogene King. Conclusiones: a partir de la interacción de los enfermeros con los pacientes y sus familias se logró identificar que estrategias como la educación, el seguimiento, la gestión de casos y de trámites administrativos son formas de fortalecer la gobernanza compartida y la equidad social, los cuales son índices de credibilidad de los patrones sociopolítico y emancipatorio.

Introduction: In Nursing, the recognition of emancipatory and sociopolitical patterns in practice is not evident. This identification allows the qualification of care in areas of great complexity such as oncology, which affects children and their families. Objective: To know the meaning of sociopolitical and emancipatory knowledge patterns in nursing professionals during the care of children with cancer and their families. Methodology: Qualitative ethnographic study in which semi-structured interviews were conducted with ten nurses with experiences between six months and seventeen years working with pediatric oncology population. And non-participant observations in two health institutions, one private and one public. The data were studied under the analysis procedure proposed by Michael Angrosino, which consists of the following phases: data management, general reading and classification of themes. Results: As a result of the analysis of the information, three major themes were established: context of care; nursing care; and expressions of sociopolitical and emancipatory patterns in care. In the discussion, the results were articulated with Imogene King's Systems theory. Conclusions: Based on the interaction of nurses with patients and their families, it was possible to identify that strategies such as education, follow-up, case management and administrative procedures are ways of strengthening shared governance and social equity, which are indices of credibility of sociopolitical and emancipatory patterns.

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Resumen: Introducción: la pandemia por COVID-19 ha producido un fuerte impacto en la práctica quirúrgica mundial y luego de trascurridos 15 meses de diferir cirugías y seleccionar pacientes, aún no está bien establecida la magnitud del problema. Objetivo: conocer la evolución de la cirugía programada y su perfil de comportamiento en los servicios del Hospital Maciel (HM) durante el período de pandemia COVID-19. Método: se estudia la productividad quirúrgica del HM durante los períodos de prepandemia (2019) y pandemia (2020/2021), a partir del análisis de la oportunidad y especialidad de la cirugía realizada y la demanda de camas de Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos (UCI). Resultado: durante el período de pandemia (13/3/2020-30/6/2021) se operaron 5.302 pacientes; solo 132 (2,5%) se realizaron en pacientes COVID-19 positivos. La actividad quirúrgica global descendió 22,2% y en cirugías coordinadas 37,4%. Se mantuvo incambiado el volumen de cirugías de urgencias en relación al período prepandemia. Se constató un incremento exponencial de actividad en traumatología, (214%) y otorrinolaringología (57,4%); leve aumento en cirugías de tórax (12,7%), la cirugía vascular y la neurocirugía mantuvieron su actividad (0,3% y -7,8% respectivamente). Las clínicas de cirugía general descendieron su producción en forma importante: 63,5%. Conclusiones: se cumplió con la asistencia a pacientes oncológicos e impostergables, lo cual cambio el perfil de la cirugía, aumentando la actividad en las especialidades en detrimento marcado de la cirugía general y de las disciplinas que operan fundamentalmente patologías postergables y benignas de alta prevalencia.

Summary: Introduction: the COVID19 pandemic has caused a strong impact on surgical practices around the world, and after 15 months of differing surgeries and selecting patients, the actual magnitude of the problem has not been defined yet. Objective: to learn about the evolution of elective surgeries and behaviour profiles at the Maciel Hospital during the COVID19 pandemic. Method: the study analyses the delivery of elective surgeries at Maciel Hospital during the pre-pandemic (2019) and pandemic (2020/2021) periods by studying timing and area of specialization of the surgery performed and demand ICU beds. Results: during the pandemic period (13.3.2020-30.6.2021) 5302 patients were operated; and only 132 of them (2.5%) were COVID 19 positive. Global surgical services dropped 22.2% and 37.4% in elective surgeries. The number of emergency surgeries remained the same when compared to the pre-pandemic period. A huge growth was seen in traumatology (214%) and otorhinolaryngology (57.4%) services, a slight increase in thoracic consultations (12.7%) and no change was observed in vascular surgery consultations (0.3%). Consultations in other areas of specialization, such as urology, neurosurgery and general surgery significantly dropped, between 7.8% and 65.5%. Conclusions: health services were delivered to oncologic patients given their urgency, which, modfied the surgical profile, increasing activity in specializations and at the expense of general surgeries and the specialization areas the mainly operate bening conditions that may be delayed that are highly prevalent.

Resumo: Introdução: a pandemia COVID-19 teve um forte impacto na prática cirúrgica global e, após 15 meses de adiamento de cirurgias e seleção de pacientes, a magnitude do problema ainda não está bem estabelecida. Objetivo: conhecer a evolução da cirurgia programada e seu perfil de comportamento nos serviços do Hospital Maciel (HM) durante o período pandêmico de COVID-19. Método: estudou-se a produtividade cirúrgica programada do HM, nos períodos pré-pandêmico (2019) e pandêmico (2020/2021), a partir da análise da oportunidade e especialidade da cirurgia realizada e da demanda por leitos de UTI. Resultado: durante o período pandêmico (13/3/2020-30/6/2021), um total de 5.302 pacientes foram operados; Apenas 132 (2,5%) foram realizadas em pacientes COVID-19 positivos. A atividade cirúrgica global diminuiu 22,2% e 37,4% nas cirurgias coordenadas. Com relação ao período pré-pandêmico a quantidade de cirurgias de emergência permaneceu inalterada. Um aumento exponencial da atividade foi encontrado em trauma (214%) e otorrinolaringologia (57,4%); um pequeno aumento em tórax (12,7%); a cirurgia vascular manteve-se estável (0,3%), enquanto as demais disciplinas: urologia, neurocirurgia e ambas as clínicas de cirurgia geral diminuíram significativamente, entre 7,8% e 63,5%. Conclusões: foi cumprida a assistência aos doentes oncológicos e não postergáveis, o que alterou o perfil da cirurgia, aumentando a atividade nas especialidades, em acentuado detrimento da cirurgia geral e das disciplinas que operam sobretudo patologias postergáveis e benignas de alta prevalência.

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Frente sua especificidade, nota-se a dimensão e a complexidade de Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus no cenário atual. Até o momento, há dúvidas pertinentes sobre o potencial de contaminação nas gestantes e recém-nascidos, assim, por meio de uma revisão integrativa, o presente estudo teve como objetivo elencar os riscos eminentes à saúde desse grupo Após a seleção dos artigos no período estabelecido (até setembro de 2020) utilizamos 37 artigos e 3 documentos oficiais para análise da literatura. Evidenciamos a eminente necessidade de compreender a relação de Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus e as possíveis complicações desencadeadas por esse vírus no binômio mãe e filho. Em suma, há fortes indícios da existência da transmissão vertical de Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus, assim, torna-se extremamente necessário a elaboração de cuidados assistenciais ao binômio mãe e filho, por intermédio da inserção de protocolos nacionais e adesão de cuidados básicos pertinentes à prevenção. (AU)

The dimension and complexity of Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus have become a major challenge for mankind and science and can trigger from sequels mild to lethal. So far, there are pertinent doubts about the potential for contamination in pregnant women and newborns, so, through an integrative review, the present study aimed to list the eminent health risks of this group that need extra attention, resulting from their existing immunological, physiological and physical weaknesses. After selecting the articles in the established period (articles published until September 2020), we included 37 articles and 3 official documents for literature analysis. In view of the pregnant woman's vulnerability and exposure to certain viruses that cause serious pathologies, there is a wide and distinct variety of complications that can affect the mother and child.Thus, there is an eminent need to understand the relationship between SARS-CoV-2 and the possible complications triggered by this virus in the pregnant woman's body. There is strong evidence of the existence of vertical transmission of SARS-CoV-2. Thus, it becomes relevant to observe and elaborate care provided to the mother and child, through the insertion of national protocols and adherence to basic care related to prevention. (AU)

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OBJECTIVE: Characterize the current situation of the demand manager physician (DMP) in primary health care (PHC), from the perceptions of those who fulfill this role, their medical peers and the directors of the family health centers (CESFAMs). DESIGN: Qualitative cross-sectional study with a grounded theory approach. SITE: Four CESFAMs from the South East Metropolitan Health Service in Santiago, Chile. PARTICIPANTS: Demand manager physician, general practitioners and directors of CESFAM. METHOD: A semi-structured interview and discussion group were used as data collection technique. Open, axial, and selective coding was carried out with the support of the NVivo12 software. RESULTS: In practice, DMP performs more functions than those defined for the position by the Ministry of Health, generating the feeling of lack of time to carry out their work, what represents their main barrier at work and reflects the absence of institutional support they receive from their employees. Among these invisible functions are: providing feedback to the medical team, leading clinical meetings, and generating reference protocols. For the good performance of the DMP it is necessary to have technical skills and be recognized by their peers. It was estimated that the family doctor is the most suitable professional for the position. The work of the DMP is limited by institutional factors such as waiting lists, lack of specialists, and poor coordination between levels of care. CONCLUSIONS: Standardizing the functions of the DMP is a necessary element for its consolidation and achieving the objectives of maintaining continuity of care in the population.

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Resumo O estudo objetiva compreender o pensar e o agir dos profissionais de saúde sobre a coordenação entre níveis assistenciais. Pesquisa qualitativa oriunda de estudo multicêntrico internacional Equity-LA II. Reescutaram-se áudios de onze entrevistas de médicos/enfermeiras de dois níveis assistenciais no Recife, 2014. Realizou-se análise de conteúdo do referencial teórico da coordenação à luz da abordagem hermenêutica. A maioria dos profissionais conhecia as atribuições da coordenação, sem identificar sua execução. O médico da atenção primária não foi reconhecido como responsável clínico, nem quanto ao seu papel pelo médico da atenção especializada, enquanto o da atenção primária ressentia-se. Emergiram falhas no uso/preenchimento dos mecanismos de referência/contrarreferência e entraves organizacionais. A indisponibilidade para o "jogo da conversação" e "fusionalidade" evidenciou-se no não reconhecimento da autoridade no caráter autoritativo do médico da atenção primária pelo da especializada, sentimento de menos valia daquele e postura tecnicista e especializada na práxis de todos. A coordenação no olhar dos profissionais revelou a condição "aí-a-ser-compreendido" carecendo se lançar no "jogo da compreensão" para construir práticas dialógicas voltadas ao cuidado integral.

Abstract The study aims to understand the thinking and acting of health professionals about the coordination between levels of care. Qualitative research from an international multicenter study Equity-LA II. Audios were retrieved from eleven interviews of doctors/nurses of two levels of care in Recife, 2014. A content analysis of the theoretical framework of coordination was performed in the light of the hermeneutic approach. Most professionals knew the duties of coordination, without identifying its execution. The primary care physician was not recognized as responsible for the clinic, nor for his role by the specialist physician, while the primary care physician resented it. Failures in the use/completion of reference/counter-reference mechanisms and organizational barriers emerged. The unavailability for the "conversation game" and "fusionality" was evidenced in the lack of recognition of authority in the authoritative character of the primary care physician by that of the specialized, feeling of less value for that and technicist and specialized posture in everyone's practice. The coordination in on professionals' view revealed the "there-to-be-understood" condition that needs to be launched in the "game of comprehension" to build dialogical practices focused on integral care.

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ABSTRACT: Fracture of an endodontic file inside a primary root canal is a rare but critical complication during the pulpectomy treatment, because the mechanical obstruction impedes the optimal cleaning and obturation of the pulp canal, compromising seriously the clinical outcome. This accidental event is mainly associated with over-use and excessive torque of intracanal files. Most clinicians opt to proceed with the extraction of the affected tooth followed by a space maintainer placement. Other practitioners attempt the non-surgical retrieval of the separated fragment through available proven techniques in permanent teeth; however, these methods may involve significant damage to the tooth and surround tissues. On the other hand, preservation of the metallic fragment might affect the treatment prognosis and interfere with the physiological root resorption.

RESUMEN: La fractura de una lima endodóntica dentro de un conducto radicular primario es una complicación rara aunque critica durante el tratamiento de pulpectomía, debido a que la obstrucción mecánica impide la limpieza y obturación óptimas del conducto pulpar, comprometiendo seriamente el resultado clínico. Este evento accidental está principalmente asociado con el sobreuso y torque excesivo de las limas dentro del conducto. La mayoría de los clínicos optan por realizar la extracción del diente afectado, seguido por la colocación de un mantenedor de espacio. Otros practicantes intentan la remoción no quirúrgica del fragmento separado a través de técnicas disponibles probadas en dientes permanentes; sin embargo, estos métodos pueden causar daños significativos al diente y tejidos circundantes. Por otra parte, la preservación del fragmento metálico puede afectar el pronóstico del tratamiento e interferir con el proceso de reabsorción radicular fisiológico.

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OBJECTIVE: Diabetic foot ulcers can have serious consequences, including amputation. This project aimed to develop and validate a diabetes care management model-a pocket guide on the prevention of foot ulceration to assist health professionals and scientific societies. METHODS: An adaptation of the Iowa method of evidence-based practice to promote high-quality care was employed. After problems are identified, the Iowa method supports the development of an action plan for addressing them. An evidence-based protocol based on the five cornerstones of the 2015 guidance on the diabetic foot by the International Working Group on the Diabetic Foot was developed in two phases and validated using the Delphi technique. RESULTS: A model was developed to promote these five cornerstones, which are the main recommendations for managing the diabetic foot. These are: foot examination; risk assessment for ulceration; education in diabetes; appropriate footwear; and treatment of pre-ulcerative lesions. To adapt this into a health information document, the management model was synthesised and designed as a pocket guide. The model's individual and global content validity indices surpass 0.78 and 0.90 respectively. CONCLUSION: A management model was created and validated, and produced as a pocket guide to deliver instructions on the care and prevention of diabetic foot problems in people with diabetes.

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Resumo Como parte do estudo de avaliabilidade da avaliação da implementação do Prontuário Eletrônico do Paciente (PEP), o objetivo desta Revisão Sistemática (RS) foi identificar os domínios de avaliação a serem abordados. Esta RS, alinhada com o Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions e o Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) englobou artigos publicados de 2006 até 2019. Realizou-se a busca nas bases de dados eletrônicas SciELO, Oásis IBICT, BVS Regional e Scopus. A busca retornou 1.178 artigos, sendo 42 que atenderam aos critérios de inclusão. A maioria dos estudos utilizaram métodos qualitativos para análises. As publicações ocorreram entre 2006 e 2019, tendo sua concentração em 2017 com 9 (21%) artigos publicados. Não foram identificados estudos publicados em 2008 e 2009. Somente 10 estudos incluíam descrição, análises ou resultados relacionados aos domínios de implementação. Os principais domínios em que o PEP foi problematizado foram: subutilização; resistência dos profissionais ao seu uso; ênfase na usabilidade; e o PEP como repositório de informações. Apesar da inclusão de todos os estudos que contemplaram os princípios e diretrizes da Política Nacional de Humanização (PNH), eles ainda são incipientes.

Abstract As part of the evaluability study of the implementation of the Electronic Patient Record (EPR) evaluation, the aim of this Systematic Review (SR) was to identify the evaluation domains to be addressed. This SR, aligned with the Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions and the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) encompassed articles published from 2006 to 2019. The search was carried out in the electronic databases SciELO, Oasis IBICT, BVS Regional and Scopus. The search resulted in 1,178 articles, 42 of which met the inclusion criteria. Most studies used qualitative methods for the analyses. The publications took place between 2006 and 2019, with a concentration in 2017 with 9 (21%) articles published in that year. No studies were published in 2008 and 2009. Only 10 studies included the description, analysis or results related to the domains of implementation. The main domains in which the EPR was problematized were: underutilization; professionals' resistance to its use; emphasis on usability; and EPR as an information source. Despite the inclusion of all studies that covered the principles and guidelines of the National Humanization Policy (NHP), they are still incipient.

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RESUMEN Todas las organizaciones aspiran a alcanzar resultados funcionales e integrales para dar respuesta a las necesidades del medio interno y externo en el que se encuentran inmersas. La organización sanitaria no ha sido la excepción, por lo que proveer una atención con altos estándares de calidad se ha transformado en una prioridad a nivel mundial. En este sentido, se precisa poner en práctica una serie de elementos que confluyan funcionalmente para avanzar hacia la calidad de la atención en salud, en donde el trabajo en equipo, sus integrantes, el compromiso y la confianza entre las personas son claves para el logro de esta meta, especialmente para enfermería. El objetivo de este trabajo es describir la importancia del trabajo en equipo para la calidad de la atención en salud.

ABSTRACT All organizations aspire to achieve functional and comprehensive results in order to meet the needs of the internal and external environment in which they are immersed. The healthcare organization has been no exception, and providing high quality care has become a worldwide priority. In this sense, it is necessary to put into practice a series of elements that functionally converge to move towards the quality of health care, where teamwork, team members, commitment and trust between people are keys to achieving this goal, especially for nursing. The objective of this work is to describe the importance of teamwork for the quality of health care.

RESUMO Todas as organizações aspiram a resultados funcionais e abrangentes para responder às necessidades do ambiente interno e externo em que estão inseridas. A organização de saúde não tem sido exceção, portanto, prestar cuidados com elevados padrões de qualidade tornou-se uma prioridade em todo o mundo. Nesse sentido, é necessário colocar em prática uma série de elementos que convergem funcionalmente para caminhar rumo à qualidade da assistência à saúde, onde o trabalho em equipe, seus integrantes, o compromisso e a confiança entre as pessoas são fundamentais para o alcance desse objetivo, especialmente para enfermagem. O objetivo deste documento é descrever a importância do trabalho de equipa para a qualidade dos cuidados de saúde.