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OBJECTIVE: Hyperventilation (HV) is one of the main and basic activation methods during ambulatory electroencephalogram (EEG), unless medical reasons contraindicate it. During the COVID-19 pandemic, with the high risk of human-to-human infection, local guidelines and recommendations have been developed that suggest not to perform the HV maneuver routinely. Our objective was to characterize patients who present positive HV in an epilepsy center. METHODS: We analyzed retrospectively all the ambulatory EEGs performed during one year in our specialized ambulatory child and adolescent epilepsy center, and describe patients with positive maneuver. RESULTS: A total of 305 EEGs were performed. Patients under 3 years and 11 months were excluded as well as all patients that did not fill up the criteria for epilepsy diagnosis. From the 252 EEGs that were included in the study, 194 EEGs (77%) were classified as abnormal and 58 (23%) as normal. From these same 252 EEGs, 150 EEG finished correctly the HV maneuver. Physiological slowing response was found in 54 EEGs (36%), no changes (negative) in 83 (55%), and abnormal response (positive) in 13 EEGs (9%). The 13 HV-positive EEGs showed 4 patients with an increase of epileptiform activity, 3 patients experienced an increase of basal preregistered abnormal slowing, and 6 EEGs showed trigger of bilaterally synchronous and symmetric 2-4 Hz spike-and-slow wave discharges and absences. None of these last 6 patients needed more than 3 minutes to elicit the paroxysmal discharge. SIGNIFICANCE: Based on these findings and according with other studies, the low positivity and high specificity of the HV maneuver support the idea that HV could be excluded during the COVID-19 pandemic situation, and also reevaluate whether it could be changed to a complementary maneuver, restricted only for cases where absence epilepsy is suspected. Larger studies will be needed to reaffirm this proposal.
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Atención Ambulatoria , COVID-19 , Electroencefalografía/métodos , Epilepsia Tipo Ausencia , Adolescente , Atención Ambulatoria/métodos , Atención Ambulatoria/estadística & datos numéricos , COVID-19/epidemiología , COVID-19/prevención & control , Niño , Chile/epidemiología , Técnicas de Diagnóstico Neurológico/normas , Técnicas de Diagnóstico Neurológico/tendencias , Epilepsia Tipo Ausencia/diagnóstico , Epilepsia Tipo Ausencia/epidemiología , Epilepsia Tipo Ausencia/fisiopatología , Femenino , Humanos , Hiperventilación , Masculino , Estudios Retrospectivos , SARS-CoV-2 , Convulsiones/diagnóstico , Convulsiones/fisiopatología , Sensibilidad y EspecificidadRESUMEN
In this study, we aimed to evaluate the attentional and executive functions in patients with benign childhood epilepsy with centrotemporal spikes (BCECTS) with and without attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) compared with controls and compared with patients with ADHD without epilepsy. We evaluated 12 patients with BCECTS and ADHD (66.7% boys; mean age of 9.67years); 11 children with non-ADHD BCECTS (63.6% boys; mean age of 11.91years); 20 healthy children (75% boys; mean age of 10.15years); and 20 subjects with ADHD without epilepsy (60% boys; mean age of 10.9years). We used a comprehensive battery of neuropsychological tests to evaluate attentional and executive functions in their broad domains. Patients with BCECTS and ADHD had worse performance in Conners' Continuous Performance Test II (reaction time standard error [p=0.008], variability [p=0.033], perseverations [p=0.044] and in reaction time interstimuli interval [p=0.016]). Patients with ADHD showed worse performance in Trail Making Test B errors [p=0.012]. In conclusion, patients with BCECTS and ADHD had worse executive and attentional performance compared with controls than non-ADHD patients with BCECTS. Regardless of the presence of epilepsy, ADHD also negatively impacted executive and attentional functions but in different executive subdomains compared with patients with epilepsy.
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Trastorno por Déficit de Atención con Hiperactividad/psicología , Epilepsia Rolándica/psicología , Función Ejecutiva/fisiología , Adolescente , Atención/fisiología , Estudios de Casos y Controles , Niño , Cognición/fisiología , Electroencefalografía , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Pruebas Neuropsicológicas , Tiempo de Reacción , Prueba de Secuencia AlfanuméricaRESUMEN
Abstract Background Cognitive alterations are associated with benign childhood focal epilepsy with centrotemporal spikes (BCECTS) including aspects of executive functions. Objectives This study presents the performance profile on attention and executive function tests of fifty-eight children (BCECTS, n = 30 and controls, n = 28) aged 8-13 years. Methods The following tools were employed: Vocabulary and Block Design subtests from the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children III, Stroop Test, Modified Card Sorting Test, Controlled Oral Word Association - FAS and Tower of London. Results Children with BCECTS presented average IQ measure, although their performance was statistically worse when compared to the control group. Children with BCECTS showed significantly lower performance compared to the control group in the following variables: total number of recollected words on the oral fluency test, total number of categories, categorization effect and total number of errors in MCST; and execution time for the Stroop Test Card 1. After controlling for the IQ effect, the total number of errors in the MCST did not show any significant difference between the groups. Discussion Children with BCECTS showed lower performance in attention and executive functions when compared to healthy children. The results suggest that the concept of "benign" BCECTS should be reconsidered.
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BACKGROUND: West syndrome (WS) is a type of early childhood epilepsy characterized by progressive neurological development deterioration that includes vision. AIM: To demonstrate the clinical importance of grating visual acuity thresholds (GVA) measurement by sweep visually evoked potentials technique (sweep-VEP) as a reliable tool for evaluation of the visual cortex status in WS children. METHODS: This is a retrospective study of the best-corrected binocular GVA and ophthalmological features of WS children referred for the Laboratory of Clinical Electrophysiology of Vision of UNIFESP from 1998 to 2012 (Committee on Ethics in Research of UNIFESP n° 0349/08). The GVA deficit was calculated by subtracting binocular GVA score (logMAR units) of each patient from the median values of age norms from our own lab and classified as mild (0.1-0.39 logMAR), moderate (0.40-0.80 logMAR) or severe (>0.81 logMAR). Associated ophthalmological features were also described. RESULTS: Data from 30 WS children (age from 6 to 108 months, median = 14.5 months, mean ± SD = 22.0 ± 22.1 months; 19 male) were analyzed. The majority presented severe GVA deficit (0.15-1.44 logMAR; mean ± SD = 0.82 ± 0.32 logMAR; median = 0.82 logMAR), poor visual behavior, high prevalence of strabismus and great variability in ocular positioning. The GVA deficit did not vary according to gender (P = .8022), WS type (P = .908), birth age (P = .2881), perinatal oxygenation (P = .7692), visual behavior (P = .8789), ocular motility (P = .1821), nystagmus (P = .2868), risk of drug-induced retinopathy (P = .4632) and participation in early visual stimulation therapy (P = .9010). CONCLUSIONS: The sweep-VEP technique is a reliable tool to classify visual system impairment in WS children, in agreement with the poor visual behavior exhibited by them.
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Potenciales Evocados Visuales/fisiología , Espasmos Infantiles/fisiopatología , Corteza Visual/fisiopatología , Niño , Preescolar , Femenino , Humanos , Lactante , Masculino , Estudios RetrospectivosRESUMEN
The Impact of Pediatric Epilepsy Scale (IPES) is a brief, accurate, and acceptable measurement scale of the impact of pediatric epilepsy on the health-related quality of life (HRQOL) of both the child and the child's family as perceived by the child's parent(s). The aim of this study was to validate a Spanish language version of the IPES in Cuban children with epilepsy. The IPES was translated and adapted to Cuban culture and administered to 76 parents of children with epilepsy. The principal component analysis indicated that two factors accounted for 72% of the variance of the IPES (family relationships and health and social well-being). The IPES was also able to detect differences in HRQOL between subjects according to epilepsy severity. The internal consistency coefficient was 0.962, and the test-retest reliability was 0.979. The Cuban version of IPES can be used to measure a child's epilepsy-specific HRQOL in Cuba.
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Epilepsia/diagnóstico , Epilepsia/epidemiología , Pediatría , Perfil de Impacto de Enfermedad , Análisis de Varianza , Cuba/epidemiología , Epilepsia/psicología , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Calidad de Vida , Reproducibilidad de los Resultados , Traducción , Escala Visual AnalógicaRESUMEN
Gastaut type idiopathic childhood occipital epilepsy is an uncommon epileptic syndrome characterised by frequent seizures, most commonly presenting as elementary visual hallucinations or blindness. Other occipital (non-visual) symptoms may also occur. Interictal EEG typically shows occipital paroxysms, often with fixation-off sensitivity. Ictal EEG is usually characterised by interruption by paroxysms and sudden appearance of low-voltage, occipital, fast rhythm and/or spikes. Despite well described clinical and EEG patterns, to our knowledge, there are very few reports in the literature with video-EEG recording of either seizure semiology or fixation-off phenomena. We present a video-EEG recording of a 12-year-old girl with Gastaut type epilepsy, illustrating the interictal and ictal aspects of this syndrome. Our aim was to demonstrate the clinical and neurophysiological pattern of a typical seizure of Gastaut type epilepsy, as well as the fixation-off phenomena, in order to further clarify the typical presentation of this syndrome. [Published with video sequences].
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Epilepsias Parciales/fisiopatología , Lóbulo Occipital/fisiopatología , Niño , Electroencefalografía , Femenino , HumanosRESUMEN
Objetivo: Describir la presencia de alteraciones de la actividad de base a través del análisis cuantitativo del EEG (QEEG) en pacientes portadores de Epilepsia Rolándica. Material y Método: Se realizó el análisis visual del EEG (29 pacientes) y el QEEG (26 pacientes). Los valores de poder absoluto y poder relativo obtenidos para cada paciente fueron comparados con una base de datos normativos mediante el estadígrafo transformada Z. Resultados: Se encontraron variaciones estadísticamente significativas de energía en 73,08 por ciento de los casos: 73,68 por ciento en las bandas lentas y 26,31 por ciento para las rápidas. La topografía de la actividad lenta fue en regiones centro-temporales y/o centro-parietales 64,28 por ciento, en las regiones anteriores y extratemporales 21,43 por ciento y 14,28 por ciento presentaron actividad lenta aislada extratemporal. Conclusiones: Las alteraciones significativas en la actividad de base electroencefalográfica antes descritas en los pacientes portadores de Epilepsia Rolándica, sugieren una posible relación con un disturbio maduracional o a la presencia de las descargas epileptiformes interictales(AU)
Objective: To describe abnormalities of the background activity by quantitative analysis in patients with Rolandic Epilepsy. Methods: Visual (29 patients) and quantitative EEG (QEEG) (26 patients) analyses were done. Absolute and Relative Power values obtained in the patients were compared with those from a normative database (Z-Maps). Results: Q-EEG results showed a significative changes in a 73,08 percent of the patients: 73,68 percent in slow frequency and 26,31 percent in rapid frequency. A focal significative increase in slow frequency in centro-temporal and/or centro-parietal regions was observed in 64,28 percent, in the same regions and extratemporal regions in 21,43 percent and only slow activity extratemporal in 14,28 percent of the patients. Conclusions: Significative variations in background activity in patients with Rolandic Epilepsy, suggests a possible relation with the presence of interictal epileptiform discharges or a certain age-related functional immaturity(AU)
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HumanosRESUMEN
Objetivo: Describir la presencia de alteraciones de la actividad de base a través del análisis cuantitativo del EEG (QEEG) en pacientes portadores de Epilepsia Rolándica. Material y Método: Se realizó el análisis visual del EEG (29 pacientes) y el QEEG (26 pacientes). Los valores de poder absoluto y poder relativo obtenidos para cada paciente fueron comparados con una base de datos normativos mediante el estadígrafo transformada Z. Resultados: Se encontraron variaciones estadísticamente significativas de energía en 73,08 % de los casos: 73,68 % en las bandas lentas y 26,31 % para las rápidas. La topografía de la actividad lenta fue en regiones centro-temporales y/o centro-parietales 64,28 %, en las regiones anteriores y extratemporales 21,43 % y 14,28 % presentaron actividad lenta aislada extratemporal. Conclusiones: Las alteraciones significativas en la actividad de base electroencefalográfica antes descritas en los pacientes portadores de Epilepsia Rolándica, sugieren una posible relación con un disturbio maduracional o a la presencia de las descargas epileptiformes interictales.
Objective: To describe abnormalities of the background activity by quantitative analysis in patients with Rolandic Epilepsy. Methods: Visual (29 patients) and quantitative EEG (QEEG) (26 patients) analyses were done. Absolute and Relative Power values obtained in the patients were compared with those from a normative database (Z-Maps). Results: Q-EEG results showed a significative changes in a 73,08 % of the patients: 73,68 % in slow frequency and 26,31 % in rapid frequency. A focal significative increase in slow frequency in centro-temporal and/or centro-parietal regions was observed in 64,28 %, in the same regions and extratemporal regions in 21,43 % and only slow activity extratemporal in 14,28 % of the patients. Conclusions: Significative variations in background activity in patients with Rolandic Epilepsy, suggests a possible relation with the presence of interictal epileptiform discharges or a certain age-related functional immaturity.
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Thirty-two children with benign childhood epilepsy with centrotemporal spikes (BECTS) were studied for a mean period of 27.6 months. The characteristics of the seizures, electroencephalogram (EEG), WISC-III and School Performance Test were compared at the start and end of the study. Nine (28.1 percent) children continued having seizures. Epileptiform activity (EA) on the EEG reduced in number and was no longer recorded in 6 (18.7 percent) children. There was a significant improvement in the performance and perceptual organization IQ values. The improvement in reading performance failed to reach statistical significance. The performance in arithmetic worsened in 43.7 percent of the children, and this was associated with the persistence of epileptic seizures. There were no significant correlations between changes in cognitive aspects and characteristics of EA. There is a need to continue this study, and also search for other factors influencing the evolution of cognitive abilities in children with BECTS.
Foram estudados aspectos evolutivos clínicos, cognitivos e eletrencefalográficos (EEG) de 32 crianças com epilepsia benigna da infância com pontas centrotemporais (EBICT) acompanhadas por 27,6 meses. Foram comparadas as características das crises, do EEG, do WISC-III e do Teste de Desempenho Escolar ao início e ao final do estudo. Nove (28,1 por cento) crianças continuaram apresentando crises. A atividade epileptiforme (AE) ao EEG reduziu-se em número e não mais foi registrada em 6 (18,7 por cento) crianças. Houve melhora significativa nos QI de execução e de organização perceptual. A melhora do desempenho em leitura não alcançou significância estatística, enquanto em 43,7 por cento das crianças houve piora em aritmética. Esta foi associada à persistência de crises epilépticas. Não houve correlações significativas entre aspectos cognitivos e características da AE. Há necessidade de estudar até a remissão total das crises e da AE, assim como procurar outros fatores que influenciem a evolução das habilidades cognitivas das crianças com EBICT.
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Niño , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Trastornos del Conocimiento/fisiopatología , Epilepsia Rolándica/fisiopatología , Trastornos del Conocimiento/complicaciones , Electroencefalografía , Epilepsia Rolándica/complicaciones , Estudios de Seguimiento , Pruebas Neuropsicológicas , Desempeño Psicomotor/fisiologíaRESUMEN
OBJECTIVE: To report a rare non traumatic fracture of femur after a partial secondarily generalized tonic seizure in a infant. DESCRIPTION: A 7-month-old female patient was referred to the Pediatric Hospital with two complaints: 1) frequent epileptic seizures since the age of 3 months and 2) intermittent crying when the left leg is moved or manipulated after last seizures. Computerized tomography of the hipbone revealed left spontaneous transepiphyseal fracture of the femur (Delbet type 1). Clinical, metabolic and radiological investigation did not reveal osteopenia or rickets. A family study ruled out battered-child syndrome. CONCLUSION: Given the non-traumatic nature of the fracture, a rare comorbidity in epileptic children mainly in infant, the authors describe the case calling attention to a complication that may be overlooked.
OBJETIVO: Descrever uma fratura não traumática do fêmur, num lactente, após uma crise focal com generalização secundaria. DESCRIÇÃO: Uma menina de 7 meses de idade foi encaminha ao hospital de pediatria com duas queixas: 1) crises epilépticas frequentes desde idade de 3 meses; 2) passou apresentar choro a movimentação do membro inferior esquerdo após última crise . A tomografia computadorizada do quadril revelou fratura espontânea transepifisária do fêmur esquerdo (Delbet Tipo I). A investigação clínica, metabólica e radiológica não revelou osteopenia ou raquitismo. O estudo da família afastou síndrome da criança espancada. CONCLUSÃO: Por se tratar de uma fratura não traumática, comorbidade rara em criança com epilepsia e na fase de lactente, os autores descrevem o caso chamando a atenção para uma complicação que pode estar sendo subdiagnosticada.
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Humanos , Lactante , Convulsiones , Epilepsia , Fracturas del FémurRESUMEN
In the active phase of benign childhood epilepsy with centro-temporal spikes (BCECTS) there may be a fall in scholastic performance. OBJECTIVE: To study lexical decision in children with BCECTS. METHOD: 42 children with BCECTS were compared with a control group with respect to their hits and response time in a visual discrimination of words and pseudowords task (DWPT). RESULTS: The children with BCECTS had a lower percentage of hits for words and pseudowords and showed longer response times for pseudowords. They also frequently showed inferior reading and writing performance in the school performance test. The percentage of hits for pseudowords was lower when there was bilateral, asynchronous epileptiform activity. CONCLUSIONS: The DWPT provided contributions for reading assessments in children with BCECTS. The results indicated the need for attention in detecting reading difficulties in children with BCECTS.
Na fase ativa da epilepsia benigna da infância com pontas centrotemporais (EBICT) pode ocorrer queda de desempenho escolar. OBJETIVO: Estudar a decisão lexical em crianças com EBICT. MÉTODO: 42 crianças com EBICT foram comparadas a grupo controle quanto a acertos e tempo de resposta em tarefa de discriminação visual entre palavras e pseudopalavras (DVPPS). RESULTADOS: As crianças com EBICT tiveram percentual menor de acertos para palavras e pseudopalavras e maior tempo de resposta para pseudopalavras e tiveram, mais frequentemente, desempenho inferior em escrita e leitura em teste de desempenho escolar. Houve relação significativa entre os resultados do DVPPS e o teste de desempenho escolar. A percentagem de acerto de pseudopalavras foi menor quando havia atividade epileptiforme bilateral e assíncronia no eletrencefalograma. CONCLUSÃO: O DVPPS mostrou contribuições na avaliação da leitura em crianças com EBICT. Os resultados apontam para a necessidade de atenção na detecção de dificuldades de leitura em crianças com EBICT.
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Niño , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Discriminación en Psicología/fisiología , Epilepsia Rolándica/fisiopatología , Lectura , Estudios de Casos y Controles , Pruebas NeuropsicológicasRESUMEN
La epilepsia es sin duda una dolencia de las más antiguas y enigmáticas en la historia de la medicina, encontrándose relatos de su existencia desde tiempos remotos. Del oscurantismo ancestral hasta el presente se ha ido avanzando de forma importante en el diagnóstico y el tratamiento científico de la epilepsia. El manejo de un niño con epilepsia debe desarrollarse en el marco de un protocolo que incluya una evaluación clínica y de laboratorio detallada. Toda enfermedad crónica, incluida la epilepsia, es vivida como una doble agresión: 1) Interna, ligada a las alteraciones que ella determina, y 2) Externa, en relación con las exploraciones, las medicinas, las prohibiciones, los cuidados excesivos y todas las reglas y apremios que de ella se derivan. El médico (pediatra, neuropediatra o epileptólogo), al iniciar la relación con el niño con epilepsia, va a dotarle de un nuevo estatuto, frecuentemente duro de asumir, interviniendo por lo general ya lejos de la crisis, o poco después de que ella se produjo, en un ambiente todavía cargado de una gran angustia familiar. Sin duda la epilepsia es difícil para el niño, pero igualmente lo es para los padres, los responsables de un cuidado diferente, quienes se van a preocupar todos los días porque su hijo tome regularmente el tratamiento y van a tener que afrontar la espera tensa de nuevas crisis. Más que cualquier otra enfermedad infantil, la epilepsia implica una gran inquietud por su carácter espectacular, por la aparatosidad de su presentación y por todas las creencias ancestrales que todavía hoy se le atribuyen. Por dichas razones, frecuentemente el diagnóstico de epilepsia produce tres reacciones de gran relevancia en la familia: ansiedad, culpabilidad y agresividad. La intervención del médico en el tratamiento de la epilepsia infantil debe ser "integral". Actuando con mística y devoción el médico debe abrazar el verdadero concepto hipocrático del cuidado del paciente.
Epilepsy is without a doubt one of the most ancient and enigmatic conditions in the history of medicine, as it was already described in remote times. From the ancestral obscure understanding of epilepsy to the present, there have been important scientific advances in the knowledge of its diagnosis and treatment. The management of a child with epilepsy requires following a protocol that includes a detailed clinical and laboratory evaluation. All chronic diseases, and also epilepsy, are felt as a double aggression: 1) Internal, related to the changes that the disease causes, and 2) external, related to the tests, medications, excessive protection, and all the rules and prohibitions that are applied. The doctor (pediatrician, pediatric neurologist or epileptologist), when initiating a relationship with the child with epilepsy, is going to propose "a new code", often hard to accept. He is going to intervene far away from the crisis, or soon after it happened, in an environment characterized by significant anguish for the family. There is no question that the disease is difficult for the child, as it is also for the parents, who become responsible for a different type of care, are preoccupied daily about their son taking the medication regularly, and suffer awaiting for another crisis to happen. Epilepsy, more than other conditions, creates a high level of restlessness because of the spectacular, dramatic nature of its presentation and for the ancestral myths still attributed to it. For all these reasons, the diagnosis of epilepsy is frequently accompanied by three relevant reactions in the family: anxiety, guilt and aggressiveness. The intervention of the doctor in the treatment of childhood epilepsy must be "global". With mystic devotion, the doctor must embrace the true Hippocratic concept of patient care.
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Niño , Humanos , Epilepsia/psicología , Enfermedad Crónica , Epilepsia/terapia , Familia/psicología , Relaciones Médico-Paciente , Rol del Médico/psicologíaRESUMEN
Benign childhood epilepsy with centro-temporal spikes (BECTS) is a form of epilepsy with no demonstrable anatomical lesion showing spontaneous seizure remission. During the active phase of the disease the children may show cognitive deficits. The objective of this study was to assess, in children with BECTS, the relationship between clinical-EEG aspects and performance in the school performance test (SPT), Raven's progressive matrixes test and the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children (WISC-III). Forty-two 7 to 11 year old children were included and the following tests carried out: anamnesis, neurological examination, electroencephalogram (EEG), SPT, Raven's test and WISC-III. The children with BECTS had normal IQ values but showed inferior performance in the SPT more frequently than "healthy" children, paired with respect to age and maternal scholastic level. There was moderate positive correlation between WISC-III results and the age when the seizures started and the educational level of the parents. On the other hand, aspects linked to the epileptic nature of BECTS, such as the number of seizures, time since last seizure and the number and lateralization of the centro-temporal spikes on the EEG, showed no correlation with the neuropsychological tests.
A epilepsia benigna da infância com pontas centrotemporais (EBICT) é uma forma de epilepsia na qual não existem lesões anatômicas demonstráveis e há remissão espontânea das crises. Na fase ativa da epilepsia as crianças podem apresentar déficits cognitivos. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar, em crianças com EBICT, a relação entre aspectos clínico-eletrencefalográficos e o desempenho no teste de desempenho escolar (TDE), no teste das matrizes progressivas de Raven e na Escala Wechsler de Inteligência para Crianças (WISC-III). Foram incluídas 42 crianças de 7 a 11 anos de idade. Foram realizados: anamnese, exame neurológico, eletrencefalograma (EEG), TDE, teste de Raven e WISC-III. As crianças com EBICT tiveram valores normais de QI e apresentaram desempenho inferior no TDE mais freqüentemente que crianças "sadias" pareadas quanto à idade e à escolaridade materna. Houve correlação positiva moderada entre idade de início das crises e escolaridade dos pais com resultados do WISC-III. Por outro lado, aspectos ligados à natureza epiléptica da EBICT como número de crises, tempo decorrido da última crise, número e lateralidade das pontas centrotemporais ao EEG não mostraram correlação com os resultados dos testes neuropsicológicos.
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Niño , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Trastornos del Conocimiento/psicología , Epilepsia Rolándica/psicología , Rendimiento Escolar Bajo , Escalas de Wechsler , Edad de Inicio , Distribución de Chi-Cuadrado , Trastornos del Conocimiento/diagnóstico , Trastornos del Conocimiento/fisiopatología , Escolaridad , Electroencefalografía , Epilepsia Rolándica/fisiopatología , Lateralidad Funcional , Pruebas Neuropsicológicas , Desempeño Psicomotor/fisiología , Lectura , Remisión Espontánea , Factores de TiempoRESUMEN
Este relato pretende divulgar a pesquisa em epilepsia na infância realizada por diferentes centros no nosso país. Estas informações foram apresentadas durante o Fórum Nacional de Epilepsia (XX Congresso Brasileiro de Neurofisiologia Clínica), e ilustram os esforços de cada grupo para promover pesquisa e conhecimentos sobre epilepsia em populações pediátricas. Os principais temas pesquisados incluem epidemiologia, eletrencefalografia, genética e aspectos cognitivos em crianças com epilepsia, estudos controlados de drogas antiepilépticas em diferentes síndromes epilépticas da infância, dieta cetogênica, crises únicas e crises febris, epilepsia do lobo frontal e do lobo temporal, síndrome de West e espasmos infantis, estado de mal epiléptico, malformações do desenvolvimento cortical, sono e epilepsia, cirurgia de epilepsia, co-morbidade psiquiátrica e aspectos de neuroimagem associados à epilepsia na infância. Alguns centros relataram a realização de estudos colaborativos envolvendo diferentes instituições, uma importante ferramenta para o desenvolvimento da pesquisa em epilepsia na infância em nosso país.(AU)
This report describes current pediatric epilepsy research carried out in Brazilian academic centers, presented at the National Epilepsy Forum, during the XX Brazilian Clinical Neurophysiology Congress. It illustrates the different groups efforts to promote research and increase awareness of epilepsy in the pediatric population. Main current research lines include epidemiology, electroencephalography, genetic and cognitive issues in pediatric epilepsy, controlled clinical trials with antiepileptic drugs in different childhood epileptic syndromes, ketogenic diet, single and febrile seizures, temporal and frontal lobe epilepsy, West syndrome-infantile spasms, status epilepticus, malformations of cortical development, sleep and epilepsy, epilepsy surgery in childhood, psychiatric co-morbities and neuroimaging in childhood epilepsy. Collaborative studies, an important tool in fostering research in pediatric epilepsy in our country, are being carried out by some academic centers.(AU)