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To evaluate the impact of using ion-releasing liners on the 3-year clinical performance of posterior resin composite restorations after selective caries excavation with polymer burs. 20 patients were enrolled in this trial. Each patient had two deep carious lesions, one on each side of the mouth. After selective caries removal using polymer bur (PolyBur P1, Komet, Brasseler GmbH Co. KG, Lemgo, Germany), cavities were lined with bioactive ionic resin composite (Activa Bioactive Base/Liner, Pulpdent, Watertown, MA, USA) or resin-modified glass ionomer liner (Riva Light Cure, SDI, Bayswater, Victoria, Australia). All cavities were then restored with nanofilled resin composite (Filtek Z350XT, 3M Oral Care, St. Paul, MN, USA). All the tested materials were placed according to the manufacturers' instructions. Clinical evaluation was accomplished using World Dental Federation (FDI) criteria at baseline and after 6 months, 1, 2, and 3 years. Data were analyzed using Mann-whitney U and Friedman tests (p < 0.05). The success rates were 100% for all resin composite restorations either lined with ion-releasing resin composite or resin-modified glass ionomer liner. Mann-whitney U test revealed that there were no statistically significant differences between both ion-releasing lining material groups for all criteria during the follow-up periods (p > 0.05). Resin composite restorations showed acceptable clinical performance over 3 years either lined with bioactive ionic or resin-modified glass ionomer liners after selective caries excavation preserving pulp vitality. After the 3-year follow-up period, Activa Bioactive and Riva Light Cure liners were clinically effective and they exhibited with the overlying composite restorations successful clinical performance.Trial registration number: NCT05470959. Date of registration: 22/7/2022. Retrospectively registered.

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Aim: This study aimed to assess the efficacy of cavity liners with/without the atmospheric cold plasma jet (ACPJ) for dentin remineralization. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The occlusal third of 24 extracted third molars was cut. An occlusal cavity was prepared in the dentin of each tooth with 1 mm depth and 2 mm diameter and demineralized with 37% phosphoric acid for 1 min. The teeth were randomly divided into 8 groups (n = 3). The first control group only underwent demineralization with phosphoric acid. The second control group underwent demineralization and helium plasma jet. Groups 3 to 5 were filled with calcium hydroxide (CH), RetroMTA (MTA) and Biodentine. Groups 6 to 8 were subjected to ACPJ, and all the groups were sealed with polycarboxylate. After 2 weeks of immersion in water, the teeth were longitudinally sectioned and their mineral content was analyzed using energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX). RESULTS: The interaction effect of ACPJ and type of liner was not significant (p > 0.05). Application of ACPJ in combination with liner had a significant effect on calcium and phosphorous contents (p < .05). The calcium and phosphorous contents in the control groups were significantly lower than other groups (p < .05). The calcium and phosphorous contents in the CH group were higher than the control but significantly lower than the MTA and Biodentine groups. The values in the MTA and Biodentine groups were the same and higher than other groups. CONLUSION: All three cavity liners significantly increased the calcium and phosphorous contents of dentin. This increase was significantly greater by the MTA and Biodentine and enhanced by the ACPJ.

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Abstract Alternatives for the treatment of caries disease, such as minimally invasive approaches, have been developed in recent years. Objective: To carry out clinical and radiographic evaluations of three cavity liners after selective caries removal. Methodology: Thirty-six primary molars with deep occlusal caries lesions without pulp involvement (from children of both genders, aged between 5 and 8 years) were randomly divided into the following groups: calcium hydroxide cement (CHC) group; mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) group and Portland cement with added zirconium oxide (PCZ) group. The following-up period was 6- and 12-month. The clinical and radiographic success rates were evaluated through chi-square test. The radiographic measurements were compared by ANOVA followed by Tukey's test (p<0.05). Results: Thirty-six patients were included, but thirty-four returned for 12-month follow-up. The overall success rate of the therapy for the three groups was 94.11% and no statistically significant differences occurred in the comparison among groups (p>0.05). Nineteen radiographs were selected to measure the dentin barrier thickness. The intragroup comparison presented a statistically significant increase of the dentin barrier for all groups, at 12-month follow-up. However, the MTA group showed increase of the dentin barrier, over time, 6- to 12-month follow-up. The intergroup comparison revealed no statistically significant differences (p>0.05). Conclusion: The clinical and radiographic data showed that all cavity liners provided effective treatment of primary teeth after selective caries removal.

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Objetivo: Devido ao grande uso de cimentos forradores pelo cirurgião-dentista, a finalidade deste trabalho foi medir a densidade óptica dos cimentos forradores à base de hidróxido de cálcio Biocal (Biodinâmica), Dycal (Dentsply) e Life (Kerr), e compará-la à densidade óptica dentinária. Metodologia: Corpos-de-prova foram confeccionados com espessuras de 1, 2 e 3 mm e radiografados com o aparelho Gendex 765 DC (Dentsply). Posteriormente as imagens foram capturadas pelo sistema de radiografia digital direta CCD (Visualix, Gendex/Dentsply). A densidade óptica em tons de cinza foi mensurada utilizando o programa Image Tool for Windows 1.28. Os dados foram analisados por ANOVA e teste de Tukey (nível de significânica de 5%). Resultados: O maior valor medido foi o do cimento Life com 238,66 tons de cinza na espessura de 3 mm e o menor valor foi o do Biocal com 78,66 tons de cinza para 1mm. Em dentina, obteve-se 48,67 tons de cinza para 1 mm de espessura, 64,27 para 2mm e 86,93 para 3mm. Conclusão: Todos os cimentos de hidróxido de cálcio testados apresentaram valores de densidade óptica superiores à da dentina.

Purpose: To measure the optical density of the calcium hydroxide cavity liners Biocal (Biodynamics), Dycal (Dentsply), and Life (Kerr), and to compare them with the dentin optical density. Methods: Specimens were made with 1, 2, and 3mm- thickness and x-rayed using the Gendex 765 DC (Dentsply) equipment. The images were captured by using a direct digital system (Visualix, Gendex/Dentsply). Optical density was measured in gray tones using the software Image Tool for Windows 1.28. Data were analyzed by ANOVA and Tukey's test (5% level of significance). Results: Life cement had the highest value (238.66 gray tones for 3 mm-thick) and Biocal cement showed the lowest value (78.66 gray tones for 1 mm-thick). In dentin the mean values were 48.67 grey tones for 1 mm-thick, 64.27 for 2 mm-thick, and 86.93 for 3 mm-thick. Conclusion: All tested calcium hydroxide cavity liners showed higher optical density than dentin.

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