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Objetivo: avaliar os fatores clínicos associados ao bem-estar das mulheres durante o trabalho de parto e parto à luz da bioética principialista e da deontologia. Método: estudo transversal com abordagem quantitativa. Participaram 396 puérperas internadas em um hospital municipal do sudoeste da Bahia, e os dados foram coletados no período de janeiro a maio de 2023, após aprovação do comitê de ética em pesquisa. Os dados foram organizados no software Excel e analisados via SPSS v.25. a partir da regressão logística multinomial. Resultados: a maior parte da amostra apresentou bem-estar com assistência em saúde, mulheres que tiveram parto realizado por profissionais não médicos apresentaram mais chances de níveis de bem-estar "adequado". E mulheres que não tiveram a via de parto cesárea apresentaram aumento de chances de bem-estar. Conclusão: é necessário que os profissionais reflitam sobre suas ações, condicionando-as à humanização no parto, em observância aos princípios bioéticos.

Objective: to evaluate the clinical factors associated with women's well-being during labor and delivery in the light of bioethics principlism and deontology. Method: a cross-sectional study with a quantitative approach was conducted. It involved 396 postpartum women admitted to a municipal hospital in the southwest of Bahia. Data were collected from January to May 2023, after approval from the research ethics committee. The data were tabulated using Excel software and analyzed using SPSS v.25 through Multinomial Logistic Regression. Results: majority of the sample exhibited well-being with health care assistance. Women who underwent delivery performed by non-medical professionals showed higher chances of "adequate" levels of well-being. Additionally, women who did not undergo cesarean delivery showed increased chances of well-being. Conclusion: It is necessary for professionals to reflect on their actions, conditioning them to the humanization of childbirth, according to bioethical principles.

Objetivo: evaluar los factores clínicos asociados al bienestar de la mujer durante el trabajo de parto y parto a la luz de la bioética y la deontología principialista. Método: estudio transversal con enfoque cuantitativo. Incluyó 396 puérperas ingresadas en un hospital municipal del suroeste de Bahía. Recolección de datos de enero a mayo de 2023, con aprobación del comité de ética en investigación. Los datos se tabularon en el software Excel y se analizaron mediante SPSS v.25. utilizando regresión logística multinomial. Resultados: la mayoría de las participantes de la muestra presentó bienestar con la atención para la salud; las que tuvieron partos realizados por profesionales no médicos tenían más probabilidades de tener niveles "adecuados" de bienestar; las que no tuvieron parto por cesárea tenían mayores probabilidades de tener bienestar. Conclusión: es necesario que los profesionales reflexionen sobre sus acciones y las adecuen para humanizar el parto, respetando los principios bioéticos.

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Introduction: The scientific evidence regarding the effects of online social media use on the well-being of adolescents is mixed. In gen-eral, passive uses (receiving, viewing content without interacting) and more screen time are related to lower well-being when compared with active uses (direct interactions and interpersonal exchanges). Objectives:This study ex-amines the types and motives for social media usage amongst adolescents, differentiating them by gender identity and sexual orientation, as well as its effects on eudaimonic well-being and minority stress. Method: A cross-sectional study was conducted with 1259 adolescents, aged 14 to 19 (M= 16.19; SD= 1.08), analysing the Scale of Motives for Using Social Net-working Sites, eudaimonic well-being, the Sexual Minority Adolescent Stress Inventory, screen time and profile type. Results:The results found that longer use time is related to finding partners, social connection and friendships; that gay and bisexual (GB) adolescents perceive more distal stressors online;and that females have higher levels of well-being. Discus-sion: The public profiles of GB males increase self-expression, although minority stress can be related to discrimination, rejection or exclusion. Dif-ferentiated socialization may contribute to a higher level of well-being in females, with both active and passive uses positively effecting eudaimonic well-being in adolescents.(AU)

Introduction: The scientific evidence regarding the effects of online social media use on the well-being of adolescents is mixed. In general, passive uses (receiving, viewing content without interacting) and more screen time are related to lower well-being when compared with active uses (direct interactions and interpersonal exchanges). Objectives: This study examines the types and motives for social media usage amongst adolescents, differentiating them by gender identity and sexual orientation, as well as its effects on eudaimonic well-being and minority stress. Method: A cross-sectional study was conducted with 1259 adolescents, aged 14 to 19 (M = 16.19; SD = 1.08), analysing the Scale of Motives for Using Social Networking Sites, eudaimonic well-being, the Sexual Minority Adolescent Stress Inventory, screen time and profile type. Results: The results found that longer use time is related to finding partners, social connection and friendships; that gay and bisexual (GB) adolescents perceive more distal stressors online; and that females have higher levels of well-being. Discussion: The public profiles of GB males increase self-expression, although minority stress can be related to discrimination, rejection or exclusion. Differentiated socialization may contribute to a higher level of well-being in females, with both active and passive uses positively effecting eudaimonic well-being in adolescents.(AU)

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Antecedentes: La escala Teacher Emotion Inventory (TEI) es un instrumento que evalúa emociones discretas experimentadas por el profesorado en el proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje. El objetivo de este estudio es examinar las propiedades psicométricas de la versión breve española de la escala Teacher Emotion Inventory (TEI-BSV) en una muestra de 567 profesores (65.5% son mujeres), con edades comprendidas entre 25 y 65 años (M = 46.04; DT = 9.09). Método: Tras su adaptación mediante traducción inversa, el profesorado completó una batería que incluía el TEI-BSV, un cuestionario de inteligencia emocional, dos escalas de bienestar subjetivo, una escala sobre burnout y una escala sobre engagement. Resultados: Los resultados mostraron una consistencia interna adecuada de las subescalas del TEI-BSV. Los análisis factoriales (exploratorio y confirmatorio) proporcionaron pruebas de que el TEI-BSV tiene una estructura de cuatro factores con un buen ajuste, frente a la estructura de cinco factores original. Se han hallado evidencias de validez convergente, así como de validez criterial e incremental del TEI-BSV. Conclusiones: el TEI-BSV podría ser una herramienta útil para la evaluación ecológica de las emociones discretas del profesorado en su contexto laboral.(AU)

Background: The Teacher Emotion Inventory (TEI) scale is an instrument that evaluates discrete emotions experienced by teachers in the teaching-learning process. The aim of this study was to examine the psychometric properties of the brief Spanish version of the Teacher Emotion Inventory scale (TEI-BSV) using a sample of 567 teachers (65.5% women), aged between 25 and 65 years (M= 46.04; SD= 9.09). Methods: After adaptation through back-translation, the teachers com-pleted a battery of tests included in the TEI-BSV: an emotional intelli-gence questionnaire, two subjective well-being scales, a burnout scale and a scale on engagement. Results: The data revealed adequate internal consistency of the TEI-BSV subscales, and exploratory and confirma-tory factor analyses provided evidence that the TEI-BSV has a four-factor structure with good adjustment, as opposed to the original five-factor structure proposed. There was evidence of convergent validity of the TEI-BSV, as well as criterion and incremental validity. Conclusions: The TEI-BSV could be a useful instrument for the ecological assess-ment of teachers' discrete emotions in the context of their workplace.(AU)

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Purpose: Effective asthma management relies on individuals' knowledge, inhaler technique, and perceptions of asthma and medications. Investigating barriers and enablers to optimal asthma management is vital. This research pursues a comprehensive understanding of asthma control, asthma-related experiences, perceptions, inhaler technique, and knowledge among Arabic-speaking Middle Eastern migrants and refugees living in Australia. Furthermore, it aims to explore the factors influencing optimal asthma management within this demographic. Patients and Methods: This study involved interviews with 17 participants, with nine identified as migrants and eight as refugees. All participants were Arabic-speaking Middle Eastern individuals residing in Australia and diagnosed with asthma. Interviews were thematically analysed, and findings were presented following the guidelines of the consolidated criteria for reporting qualitative research (COREQ). Results: The thematic analysis yielded five key themes: (1) asthma experiences; (2) participant perspectives on asthma; (3) asthma management; (4) asthma health literacy; and (5) strategies to overcome obstacles in asthma management. Some disparities were noted between refugees and migrants in terms of their comprehension and views on asthma, medications use, interactions with healthcare providers, and inhaler technique. Refugees experienced more psychological distress and lacked social support, while migrants were more concerned about long-term medication use and preferred specialised care. Conclusion: This research addresses a knowledge gap concerning asthma control among Middle Eastern immigrants. It provides insights into their beliefs and medication adherence. It underscores the importance of considering the unique characteristics of Middle Eastern migrants and refugees when delivering healthcare interventions to enhance overall health and medication adherence within these populations. To address these differences, the study recommends tailored education, specialised clinics, and culturally relevant asthma management plans to enhance self-management support for both groups. Future studies should explore the impact of modifying beliefs, attitudes, and knowledge regarding medications and asthma to enhance asthma management within this population.

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Background/Objective: This study aimed to investigate the within-person and between-person effects of religious variables on mental health and vice versa. Method: Using a large sample of adults residing in Germany from the GESIS Panel study (N = 8146), the random intercept cross-lagged panel model was used. Data on six dimensions of religion (i.e., membership in a religious community; attendance at a place of worship; frequency of prayers; importance of religion in life; and participation in a religious organization) and three indicators of mental health (i.e., depression symptoms, happiness, and life satisfaction) were collected. Results: The findings revealed that there is almost no evidence of lagged effects of religion on mental health and limited evidence regarding the role of mental health in influencing the dimensions of religion. Moreover, at the between-person level, there was some evidence of significant covariance between the trait-like components, indicating stable, trait-like differences between persons on religion and mental health. Conclusions: The beneficial effect of religion on mental health may have been exaggerated in previous research.

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Objective: To investigate the direct effect of extracurricular sports participation on subjective well-being among junior high school students, and the mediating role of emotion regulation and moderating role of physical education (PE) class participation. Methods: Using data from the Program for International Student Assessment (PISA), we analyzed the extracurricular sports participation, emotion regulation, subjective well-being, and PE class participation of 113,203 junior high school students. Results: After controlling for country, gender, and health status, extracurricular sports participation significantly predicts subjective well-being. Emotion regulation mediates the relationship between extracurricular sports participation and subjective well-being. Both the direct effect of extracurricular sports participation on subjective well-being and the mediating effect of emotion regulation are moderated by PE class participation. The effect is stronger among students with high PE class participation compared to those with low participation. Conclusion: There is a moderated mediation effect between extracurricular sports participation and subjective well-being among junior high school students. Emotion regulation mediates this relationship, while PE class participation enhances the impact of emotion regulation on subjective well-being.

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Introduction: Mental health nurses (MHNs) are categorized as demanding specialists with high levels of stress, and their career is recognized as a high-risk career. Objective: The study aims to assess the relationships between psychological well-being (PWB), mental distress, and resilience among MHNs. Also, it aims to identify the significant predictors of the psychologic well-being of MHNs. Methods: The study utilized a cross-sectional survey design with a random sample of 250 MHNs who were requested to complete DASS 21, Ryff's scale of PWB and Connor Davidson's resilience scale. Results: The results revealed that two-thirds of nurses reported either a severe or extreme level of stress (n = 166, 66%), and more than half experienced a severe to extreme level of anxiety (n = 140, 56%). Approximately 25% of MHNs reported a severe to extreme level of depression (n = 62, 25%). The results also indicated that there is a statistically significant negative relationship between PWB subscales and DASS 21. The results indicate that the depression subscale is significantly varied based on the demographic characteristics of nurses. Similarly, this is the case for the anxiety and stress subscales. Conclusion: The study showed that MHNs' resilience intervenes with perceived mental distress. Enhancing MHNs resilience would improve PWB and mental health. The study results conclude that MHNs with a high level of resilience reported lower mental distress and a better working environment. Thus, MHNs should be introduced to crisis intervention in order to improve resilience levels.

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Background COVID-19 has profoundly affected pharmacists, causing burnout from heavier workloads, personal stressors, and disrupted healthcare delivery. Research on pharmacists' mental health during the pandemic, especially in rural areas like Kansas, remains limited. Objectives This study aimed to understand perceptions, experiences, and impacts on the mental, emotional, and psychological well-being of active Kansas pharmacists during the COVID-19 pandemic, including evaluating workplace modifications on mental health. Methods Kansas licensed pharmacists were recruited via email distributions through five Kansas pharmacy organizations and informal referrals among colleagues. After consenting, respondents completed a 15-minute, 28-question survey via Qualtrics. The survey included 11 questions concerning demographics and employment characteristics, along with 17 questions designed to assess the impact of COVID-19 on mental health, structured according to existing literature. Participation was uncompensated, and incomplete surveys were omitted from the analysis. Results One hundred and seven respondents (83.59% completion) represented 3.25% of Kansas's 3,290 pharmacists. They were aged 26-66 (M=38.7), the majority female (72.57%) and white (84.84%), with 14.24 years average practice duration (SD=10.94). Data covered 12 rural and 11 urban counties, with 50.91% staff pharmacists and 22.73% pharmacy managers. Many worked over 40 hours weekly in 13 settings. Findings showed increased workload (24.68%), medication shortages (24.03%), and burnout (24.32%) affecting job considerations. Workplace changes impacted personal mental health, with the main stressors being work-related factors (19.21%), social distancing (18.95%), and health concerns (12.63%). Conclusion This study underscores the pandemic's profound toll on Kansas pharmacists' mental, emotional, and physical health, leading to burnout, job dissatisfaction, and decreased effectiveness. It emphasizes the urgency of organizational interventions.

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Pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) adherence remains a challenge among young men who have sex with men (MSM). We developed and tested a smartphone application ("app"), "DOT Diary", which combines automated directly observed therapy (DOT) with information about PrEP protection levels, pill-taking reminders, a sexual behavior diary, and a PrEP dosing calendar. To contextualize trial results, we qualitatively explored participants' app experiences. The trial enrolled 100 young MSM in San Francisco and Atlanta. Participants were randomized 2:1 to DOT Diary versus standard-of-care and followed for 24 weeks. Interviews were conducted with 24 intervention participants. Data were analyzed using a memo-writing approach. Most expressed overall satisfaction with the app ("it was good for its purpose"), despite concerns about technical glitches. The most popular app features were the monthly calendar showing days PrEP was taken and information about level of protection based on pills taken. The DOT component helped participants establish PrEP routines. The reminders were "annoying but effective" at motivating dosing. Opinions about the sexual behavior diary varied. Overall, DOT Diary was acceptable; participants were willing to use it daily to record pill-taking. Critical components included the information about PrEP protection levels and calendar, while others may be modified to improve future success.Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT03771638.

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OBJECTIVE: Otolaryngology residents often encounter work-related stress and challenges during training. Sociodemographic factors influence experiences during residency; however, the impact of race and gender on otolaryngology trainee well-being during residency remains understudied. STUDY DESIGN: Online survey. SETTING: US residency programs. METHODS: An anonymous online survey consisting of 59 multiple-choice questions was sent to 104 directors of Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education otolaryngology residency programs to distribute to residents. Respondents were queried regarding demographics and experiences with bias. Residents self-identified gender and race. Black, Hispanic/Latinx, Middle Eastern/North African, and multiracial residents were categorized as underrepresented minorities (URM). RESULTS: Sixty-one US otolaryngology residents responded to the survey, the majority of whom were women (60.7%) and white (62%). Many residents endorsed a belief that receipt of research and training opportunities was negatively impacted by bias due to race (29.5%) or gender (45.9%). More women (27%) than men (13%) reported maximal burnout, and fewer men (17.4%) than women (40.5%) expressed low confidence in ability to independently care for patients. More male (47.8%) and white (31.6%) residents strongly agreed they were thriving. 94.6% of women and 33.3% of URM residents reported being mistaken for a nonphysician, compared to 0% of white male respondents. CONCLUSION: Otolaryngology residents perceived differential treatment based on race and gender, with women and URM residents experiencing greater exclusion and bias, as well as increased misidentification and decreased ability to thrive. Future work includes increasing sample size for generalizability and developing interventions that uphold equity in residency training environments.

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Intervention mapping (IM) is a planning approach that reflects the intricate decision-making process involved in the design of behavior interventions. The development and implementation of IM is complex in preventing HIV/AIDS transmission. Therefore, it is significant to conduct a perfect preliminary work to successfully implement HIV/AIDS prevention. The objectives of this review were to collect and evaluate the data of the first three steps using IM to prevent HIV/AIDS transmission, and summarize the key points in the preliminary steps of IM. A total of 18 studies were identified, and six studies completely described the tasks in the first three steps of IM. Three studies described the logic model of the problem (n = 3). Six studies reported the matrix of behavior changes (n = 6), including personal and environmental determinants. Among the selected determinants, most studies reported the personal level determinants (self-efficacy and skills, knowledge, attitudes, and norms). The most used practical applications in reducing HIV/AIDS risk behaviors were video roles (n = 8) and role-model stories (n = 5). The review may be helpful for healthcare professionals to carefully design and implement the key procedures of the first three steps of the IM programs for people with HIV/AIDS in preventing HIV/AIDS transmission.

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BACKGROUND: Spontaneous intracranial hypotension (SIH), characterized by headaches due to cerebrospinal fluid leaks or low pressure, is a challenging condition to diagnose and treat and affects the quality of life. METHODS: An 8­week online survey was conducted to assess the impact of SIH on symptoms, sociodemographics and quality of life. The cohort was comprised of patients who had a self-reported diagnosis of SIH and were divided into two groups: those with radiological evidence of SIH and those with clinical suspicion but no radiological evidence. Mental health and disability were evaluated using the Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale-21 (DASS-21) and the Henry Ford Hospital Headache Disability Inventory (HDI). RESULTS: A total of 86 participants were included in the study, 59 with radiological evidence and 27 without. Most participants were female (84.9%) with a mean age of 44.8 years. Orthostatic headache was more common in participants without radiological evidence (74.1% vs. 42.4%). The severity in those with radiological evidence was 27.1% mild, 27.1% moderate, 30.5% severe and 15.3% extremely severe, while those without had 7.4% mild, 18.5% moderate, 63.0% severe and 11.1% extremely severe headaches. Mental health assessment using the DASS-21 scale showed that 77.9% of all participants reported signs of depression, 96.5% reported anxiety and 89.5% reported stress. The HDI showed 2.3% total disability, 40.7% severe, 19.8% moderate and 37.2% mild. The impact on employment was significant: 15.1% were able to work full-time, 48.8% part-time, 30.2% were unable to work and 5.8% retired early due to SIH. CONCLUSION: The study demonstrates the broad impact of SIH affecting physical health, mental well-being, and socioeconomic status, and calls for multifaceted and robust management approaches to address its complex effects on patients.

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BACKGROUND: After natural disasters, the occurrence of mental health problems and adverse effects on reproductive health in women of reproductive age can be attributed to a multitude of factors, including the deterioration of health facilities, a shortage of qualified health professionals, a lack of socio-economic stability, and a paucity of familial and community support. METHODS: The descriptive correlational study was conducted through social networks with 405 women who had experienced the disaster of the century 8 months after (between November and December 2023) the earthquake. The snowball sampling method was used to obtain the research data. The questionnaire form, developed for the purpose of data collection, was disseminated to women who consented to participate in the study through social networks. The data were evaluated using a variety of statistical techniques, including number, percentage, mean, standard deviation, independent sample t-test, one-way analysis of variance, and structural equation modeling. RESULTS: According to the results of linear regression analysis, these were found to be predictors of the desire to avoid pregnancy: having housing problems (ß-coefficient 0.173; p = .008), having a damaged home (ß-coefficient. 276; p = .009), sleep patterns (ß-coefficient 0.433; p = .022), eating habits (ß-coefficients 0.248, 0.044), use of psychiatric medication (ß-coefficient 0.436, p = .003), and problems related to the food and water supply (ß-coefficient 0.127, p = .003). In addition, a structural equation model (SEM) was established to examine the relationship between these variables and mental well-being and pregnancy avoidance. Only the model constructed with mental well-being demonstrated significance in the SEM analysis. CONCLUSIONS: This study shows that women's mental health is negatively affected in unpredictable emergencies such as earthquakes and that poor mental health negatively affects pregnancy planning. The findings of the study may help to guide health professionals working in the field of women's health to protect women's mental health in emergency situations, to provide counseling about pregnancy planning, and to provide social and psychological support programs.

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BACKGROUND: The ultimate goal of successful schizophrenia treatment is not just to alleviate psychotic symptoms, but also to reduce distress and achieve subjective well-being (SWB). We aimed to identify the determinants of SWB and their interrelationships in schizophrenia. METHODS: Data were obtained from 637 patients with schizophrenia enrolled in multicenter, open-label, non-comparative clinical trials. The SWB under the Neuroleptic Treatment Scale (SWN) was utilized; a cut-off score of 80 indicated a high level of SWB at baseline and 6 months. Various machine learning (ML) algorithms were employed to identify the determinants of SWB. Furthermore, network analysis and structural equation modeling (SEM) were conducted to explore detailed relationship patterns. RESULTS: The random forest (RF) model had the highest area under the curve (AUC) of 0.794 at baseline. Obsessive-compulsive symptoms (OCS) had the most significant impact on high levels of SWB, followed by somatization, cognitive deficits, and depression. The network analysis demonstrated robust connections among the SWB, OCS, and somatization. SEM analysis revealed that OCS exerted the strongest direct effect on SWB, and also an indirect effect via the mediation of depression. Furthermore, the contribution of OCS at baseline to SWB was maintained 6 months later. CONCLUSIONS: OCS, somatization, cognition, and depression, rather than psychotic symptoms, exerted significant impacts on SWB in schizophrenia. Notably, OCS exhibited the most significant contribution not only to the current state of well-being but also to follow-up SWB, implying that OCS was predictive of SWB. The findings demonstrated that OCS management is critical for the treatment of schizophrenia.

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Multisystem inflammatory syndrome is a severe complication of SARS-CoV-2 infection in children (MIS-C). To date, data on long-term sequelae mainly concern cardiac outcomes. All ≤ 18 year olds consecutively admitted to the Buzzi Children's Hospital with a diagnosis of MIS-C between October 1, 2020, and May 31, 2022, were followed up for up to 12 months by a dedicated multidisciplinary team. They underwent laboratory tests, multi-organ clinical and instrumental assessments, and psychosocial evaluation. 56/62 patients, 40 M, mean age 8.7 years (95% CI 7.7, 9.7), completed the follow-up. Cardiological, gastroenterological, pneumological, and neurological evaluations, including IQ and EEG, were normal. Alterations of HOMA-IR index and/or TyG index, observed in almost all patients during hospitalisation, persisted in about a third of the population at 12 months. At 6 and 12 months respectively, impairment of adaptive functions was observed in 38/56 patients (67.9%) and 25/56 (44.6%), emotional and behavioural problems in 10/56 (17.9%) and 9/56 (16.1%), and decline in QoL in 14/56 (25.0%) and 9/56 (16.1%). Psychosocial well-being impairment was significantly more frequent in the subgroup with persistent glycometabolic dysfunction at 12 months (75% vs. 40.9% p < 0.001). CONLUSION: The mechanisms that might explain the long-term persistence of both metabolic alterations and neuro-behavioural outcomes and their possible relationship are far from being clarified. Our study points out to the potential long-term effects of pandemics and to the importance of a multidisciplinary follow-up to detect potential negative sequelae in different areas of health, both physical and psychosocial. WHAT IS KNOWN: • Multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C) is a severe complication of SARS-CoV-2 infection. • Few data exist on the medium- and long-term outcomes of MIS-C, mostly focused on cardiac involvement. Emerging evidence shows neurological and psychological sequelae at mid- and long-term follow-up. WHAT IS NEW: • This study reveals that MIS-C may lead to long-term glycometabolic dysfunctions joined to impairment in the realm of general well-being and decline in quality of life, in a subgroup of children. • This study highlights the importance of a long-term multidisciplinary follow-up of children hospitalised with MIS-C, in order to detect the potential long-term sequelae in different areas of health, both physical and psychosocial well-being.

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The journey towards ending AIDS epidemic in Bangladesh by 2030 is ambitious yet achievable. Although Bangladesh has always had a low rate of HIV among its general population, it remains one of seven countries in Asia and the Pacific where new HIV cases are rising. This study evaluates the effectiveness of HIV programmatic strategies and investment scenarios using the AIDS Epidemic Model (AEM) from 2023 to 2030, focusing on optimizing resource allocation and interventions. The findings indicate that without improved program effectiveness, new HIV infections will increase to 1,382 by 2030, failing to meet the targets of the Global AIDS Strategy 2021-2026. If Bangladesh improves its HIV program effectiveness according to the Global AIDS Strategy 2021-2026, the NSP and Global AIDS Strategy targets could significantly lower new infections and AIDS-related deaths and increase treatment coverage to meet Ending AIDS targets. The NSP targets could reduce new HIV infections to under 275 annually and achieve treatment goals by 2030. The study reveals that NSP targets are the most cost-effective, offering the highest benefit-cost ratio, highlighting the urgent need to enhance HIV prevention program effectiveness, particularly among key populations, to achieve both public health and economic benefits.

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AIMS/BACKGROUND: Young mothers have reported facing specific challenges such as stigmatisation and social isolation, which may be exaggerated by the increasing maternal age in industrialised countries. Despite these challenges, some young mothers have been shown to exhibit resilience and confidence during the transition to parenthood. Using strength-based psychological concepts, this study aimed to identify the facilitators of and barriers to the development of positive psychological states in young Australian mothers. DESIGN/METHODS: Using semi-structured interview questions, 11 women who had given birth between 15 and 22 were asked to share their experiences of pregnancy, birth, and motherhood. Their responses were analysed using the Framework method; initially coding the data to a priori themes such as resilience and social support, and then to higher order themes. RESULTS: Five higher order themes were developed from participant responses: 1. Everything is about to change, 2. Disrespected and disempowered, 3. Resilience, 4. It takes a village, and 5. A hopeful future. Across these themes, participants described the mixed emotional experiences of pregnancy and birth, experiences of stigma from various sources, efforts to maintain mental wellbeing, reliance on support networks, and aspirations for themselves and their children. CONCLUSION: Findings from the current study highlight several key strategies for managing the challenges of early motherhood and promoting positive psychological states. Recommendations include fostering self-efficacy, supporting identity development, and establishing strong support networks across social and healthcare contexts. Recognizing and celebrating the strengths of young mothers is essential for effectively supporting them through the complex experience of motherhood.

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Changing how we feel can be adaptive, but it is also difficult and may require effort. There is research on what people want to achieve in emotion regulation (motivational content), but there is little research on how intensely people pursue what they want to achieve (motivational intensity). We tested the role of motivational intensity in emotion regulation, by assessing (Studies 1-2, Ns = 160 and 157) and manipulating (Study 3, N = 250) it in daily life. As predicted, when people were more motivated to make themselves feel better, they engaged more intensely in emotion-regulatory behaviors, experienced more desirable emotional experiences, and reported better psychological health. Furthermore, motivating people to make themselves feel better, increased their emotion-regulatory behaviors and led to better psychological health during COVID-19. Motivational intensity, therefore, may be an understudied factor facilitating emotional well-being.

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OBJECTIVES: Aimed to test an association model for Successful Aging (SA), with mindfulness and self-compassion factors as predictor variables, and components of subjective well-being (SWB) as mediating variables in older adults. METHOD: This cross-sectional, descriptive study was conducted using the Google Forms platform and printed questionnaires, applied in an interview format with older adult participants from the Brazilian states of Bahia and Sergipe. A total of 233 older adults participated, residing in the states of Bahia (34.8%) and Sergipe (65.2%), with a mean age of 69.2 years (SD = 7.33). RESULTS: The multiple linear regression (MLR) results indicated that SA was associated with mindfulness, the positive factor of self-compassion, and positive affect (PA). Subsequently, structural equation modeling (SEM) suggested that both mindfulness and self-compassion, which positively correlated with each other, were significantly and positively associated with PA, while PA was positively and significantly associated with SA. CONCLUSION: Mindfulness and the positive facet of self-compassion, mediated by PA, were indirectly associated with SA, while PA was significantly and more strongly associated with SA. Finally, mindfulness and the positive facet of self-compassion were positively correlated with each other.