RESUMEN
Three novel neo-clerodane diterpenoids Sheareria A-C (1-3) together with three known triterpenoid saponins were isolated from the whole herb of Sheareria nana S. Moore. Their structures were established by spectroscopic and chemical method. This is the first natural sulfated neo-clerodane diterpenoids. This is the first report of all these compounds from this plant. These neo-clerodane diterpenoids and triterpenoid saponins from S. nana S. Moore may be considered as chemotaxonomic markers for the genus. The compounds isolated were evaluated for their cytotoxic effects against three cancer cell lines, the test substances demonstrated selectivity toward the cancer cells. To date, this is the first report on the phytochemical and biological activity of secondary metabolites from S. nana S. Moore.
Asunto(s)
Antineoplásicos Fitogénicos/química , Diterpenos de Tipo Clerodano/química , Saponinas/química , Scutellaria/química , Antineoplásicos Fitogénicos/aislamiento & purificación , Línea Celular Tumoral , Diterpenos de Tipo Clerodano/aislamiento & purificación , Humanos , Estructura Molecular , Saponinas/aislamiento & purificaciónRESUMEN
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE: The root of Aster tataricus L. f., recorded in all versions of Chinese Pharmacopoeia, is a traditional Chinese medicine with the function of dispelling phlegm and relieving cough for more than 2000 years. This study was designed to evaluate the expectorant, antitussive, and anti-inflammatory activities of the root of A. tataricus and to explore the chemical substances responsible for these activities. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The 70% ethanol extract of the root of A. tataricus (RA-70) was divided into three fractions, Fr-0, Fr-50 and Fr-95. They were all orally administrated to the mice to investigate their potential expectorant activities by a tracheal phenol red secretion method. The most effective fraction, together with shionone, was evaluated the expectorant, antitussive and anti-inflammatory activities by the mouse models of phenol red secretion, ammonia-induced cough, and xylene-induced ear swelling. Furthermore, the chemical components of the effective fraction were analyzed and identified by an HPLC-Q-TOF/MS method. RESULTS: Treatment with RA-70, Fr-0 and Fr-50 increased the amount of phenol red secretion by 65.3%, 56.5%, and 76.9%, respectively. Fr-50 was chosen for the further investigation and the results showed that Fr-50 at 40, 80 mg/kg significantly enhanced the phenol red secretion of tracheas, increased the latent period and decreased the frequency of cough and inhibited the ear edema in mice. Shionone at 80 mg/kg showed the trend of enhancing sputum secreting, but had no effect on ammonia-induced cough and xylene-induced ear edema. HPLC-Q-TOF/MS analysis indicated that Fr-50 was mainly composed of 12 caffeoylquinic acids (40.8%, in relative peak area), 7 astersaponins (12.0%) and 13 astins/asterinins (pentapeptides, 26.5%). CONCLUSIONS: The root of A. tataricus has significant expectorant, antitussive and anti-inflammatory effects. Caffeoylquinic acids, astersaponins, and aster peptides, rather than shionone, may be the main constituents responsible for the expectorant and antitussive activities of A. tataricus and act in a synergistic way.
Asunto(s)
Antiinflamatorios/uso terapéutico , Antitusígenos/uso terapéutico , Aster , Expectorantes/uso terapéutico , Extractos Vegetales/uso terapéutico , Animales , Antiinflamatorios/análisis , Antitusígenos/análisis , Aster/química , Tos/tratamiento farmacológico , Edema/inducido químicamente , Edema/tratamiento farmacológico , Etanol/química , Expectorantes/análisis , Masculino , Ratones Endogámicos ICR , Fitoterapia , Extractos Vegetales/análisis , Raíces de Plantas/química , Solventes/química , XilenosRESUMEN
We established a qualitative method to analyze the main chemical compositions of the root of Aster tataricus. Most of the peaks were separated on a C(18) column packed with 5.0 µm particles, and 28 compounds were identified, including 11 chlorogenic acids, ten astins/asterinins, and seven astersaponins, four of which were reported for the first time from A. tataricus. Furthermore, we developed a reliable method for the simultaneous quantification of 3-caffeoylquinic acid, 3,4-dicaffeoylquinic acid, 3,5-dicaffeoylquinic acid, astin A, astin B, astin C, astersaponin A, and astersaponin C, and the qualified separations were achieved only on a C18 column packed with 2.7 µm particles. The method was used to measure the concentrations of eight components in samples from two major producing areas in China, and the average contents in samples from Bozhou (Anhui) were higher than those in samples from Anguo (Hebei).