RESUMEN

Although the successful implementation of the Learning Management System (LMS) in most of the universities in the Arab Gulf Countries (AGC), little consideration has been paid to exploring LMS usage. This paper provides a systematic review of the current literature focusing on the most critical factors influencing LMS usage in AGC. The extant literature was identified through six electronic databases from 2013 to 2023. Academic articles were reviewed if they contained a relevant discussion of the factors influencing LMS acceptance and adoption conducted in AGC. Results from a systematic review of 34 studies showed that 15 studies were centred in Saudi Arabia. The results also, revealed that Technology Acceptance Model was the dominant model employed, and students were the main subject of studies. Moreover, the quantitative approach was the preferred design. Overall, forty-one factors were identified, and the results show that the following eight factors appear most frequently: Perceived Ease of Use, Perceived Usefulness, Social Influence, Performance Expectancy, Effort Expectancy, Facilitating Conditions, Self-efficacy, and Attitude. This review will be valuable for future research and helpful for higher education decision-makers who intend to use eLearning to overcome the challenges they face in using LMS effectively.

RESUMEN

The primary objective of this study is to examine the direct effect of sports tourism, FDI inflows, and legal restrictions on alcohol consumption during sporting events on the economic development of Arab Gulf nations. The study also investigated the moderating effect of alcohol consumption during sporting events on the relationship between sports tourism and economic growth. The panel data methodology and fixed effect are utilized in the study, and GMM estimates are utilized for data analysis. The data for variables from 1995 to 2022 come from the databases of the world bank and national statistical offices. FDI, sports FDI, the organization of mega sports events, alcohol consumption, and sports tourism all appeared to have a positive relationship with economic growth, as indicated by the fixed effect estimates. However, there is no correlation between alcohol consumption and economic growth. The findings of the GMM estimates corroborate those of the fixed effect estimates. Further findings indicate that the relationship between sports tourism and alcohol consumption is positive and statistically significant, which suggests that allowing alcohol consumption in the presence of sports tourism will boost the economic development of Arab Gulf nations. In Arab Gulf countries, where alcohol is frequently regarded as incompatible with religious and cultural values, it is vital to consider the potential cultural and social consequences of alcohol consumption. Therefore, any policy decisions regarding the legality of alcohol consumption in these nations should be thoroughly weighed against other social and cultural concerns. This is one of the first studies to examine the impact of sports tourism, FDI inflows, and legal restrictions on alcohol consumption during sporting events on the economic development of Arab Gulf nations.(AU)

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RESUMEN

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) has become a modern-day plague by reaching epidemic levels throughout the world. Due to its similar pathogenesis, gestational diabetes (GDM) increases in parallel to T2DM. The prevalence of T2DM (3.9-18.3%) and GDM (5.1-37.7%) in countries of the Arab Gulf are amongst the highest internationally, and they are still rising precipitously. This review traces the reasons among the Arab nations for (a) the surge of T2DM and GDM and (b) the failure to contain it. During the last five decades, the massive oil wealth in many Arab countries has led to the unhealthy lifestyle changes in physical activity and diet. The excess consumption of calories turned the advantageous genes, originally selected for the famine-like conditions, detrimental: fueling obesity and insulin resistance. Despite genetic differences in these populations, GDM-a marker for future obesity and T2DM-can overcome this scourge of T2DM through active follow-up and screening after delivery. However, the health policies of most Arab countries have fallen short. Neglecting this unique chance will miss an irreplaceable opportunity to turn the tide of the T2DM and obesity epidemic in the Middle Eastern Arab Gulf countries-as well as globally.

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