RESUMEN

The immune system plays a pivotal role in the battle against cancer, serving as a formidable guardian in the ongoing fight against malignant cells. To combat these malignant cells, immunotherapy has emerged as a prevalent approach leveraging antibodies and peptides such as anti-PD-1, anti-PD-L1, and anti-CTLA-4 to inhibit immune checkpoints and activate T lymphocytes. The optimization of gut microbiota plays a significant role in modulating the defense system in the body. This study explores the potential of certain gut-resident bacteria to amplify the impact of immunotherapy. Contemporary antibiotic treatments, which can impair gut flora, may diminish the efficacy of immune checkpoint blockers. Conversely, probiotics or fecal microbiota transplantation can help re-establish intestinal microflora equilibrium. Additionally, the gut microbiome has been implicated in various strategies to counteract immune resistance, thereby enhancing the success of cancer immunotherapy. This paper also acknowledges cutting-edge technologies such as nanotechnology, CAR-T therapy, ACT therapy, and oncolytic viruses in modulating gut microbiota. Thus, an exhaustive review of literature was performed to uncover the elusive link that could potentiate the gut microbiome's role in augmenting the success of cancer immunotherapy.

Asunto(s)

Microbioma Gastrointestinal , Inmunoterapia , Neoplasias , Microbioma Gastrointestinal/inmunología , Humanos , Inmunoterapia/métodos , Neoplasias/terapia , Neoplasias/inmunología , Trasplante de Microbiota Fecal/métodos , Inhibidores de Puntos de Control Inmunológico/uso terapéutico , Probióticos/uso terapéutico

RESUMEN

The Ensemble program supports informal caregivers of people with mental health problems. Tailor-made support is offered in order to target the tools that will be most useful to them in their personal situation. Acceptance and commitment therapy can be used to help them give meaning to their actions.

Asunto(s)

Terapia de Aceptación y Compromiso , Humanos , Cuidadores

RESUMEN

This study evaluated the effectiveness of the AIM curriculum when implemented in a public-school setting by schoolteachers and direct care staff. Three hundred eighteen students took part in this quasiexperimental design where all received the AIM curriculum every day for an entire school year. The participants completed a series of self-assessments (the Avoidance and Fusion Questionnaire for Youth, the Child and Adolescent Mindfulness Measure, and the Strength and Difficulties Questionnaire) at the onset of the study and at the end of the school year to assess psychological flexibility, mindfulness, and emotional behavioral skills. Results suggest that at the end of the school year, participants increased psychological flexibility and mindfulness. State standardized testing scores also showed increases school-wide as compared to the previous 2 years. These results suggest that the AIM curriculum may be effective in large school settings, appeared easy to implement by school staff to address the needs of both the individual student and the entire student body, and likely participated in improving school-wide academic success.

RESUMEN

Acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT), a form of cognitive behavioral therapy, predominately focuses on addressing one's relationship with thoughts and emotions rather than attempting to alter them. The use of ACT has demonstrated efficacy in interactions with patients suffering from a variety of mental health concerns. While there are no specific criteria for the use of ACT, one compelling argument that exists in support of its use is that ACT may be more efficacious than other control-based protocols in treating experiential avoidance. Further, there is some evidence available to suggest that ACT is more effective than other active treatments for depression. Here, the six core processes of ACT therapy are discussed and the application of ACT techniques in clinical practice is explored.