RESUMEN
Serum cardiac troponin I-values were compared to conventionally obtained diagnosis in 319 consecutive patients suspected of having myocardial infarction, of which 46 patients were given this diagnosis. All patients with troponin I > 20 micrograms/l (n = 40) also had abnormal creatine kinase and abnormal creatine kinase isoenzyme MB activity. All patients with troponin I values in the range 1.0-19.9 micrograms/l (n = 50) had a diagnosis of heart disease (myocardial angina pectoris, myocardial infarction, arrythmia, heart insufficiency). In this patient group, the creatine kinase measurements showed pathological values in only 12 cases. Troponin I seems to be a sensitive indicator of cardiac cell injury, and measurements of troponin I seems to be useful in ruling out cardiac injury.
Asunto(s)
Biomarcadores/sangre , Infarto del Miocardio/sangre , Troponina I/sangre , Estudios de Evaluación como Asunto , Humanos , Infarto del Miocardio/diagnóstico , Infarto del Miocardio/enzimologíaRESUMEN
MHC class II molecules are found on the basolateral plasma membrane domain of polarized epithelial cells, where they can present Ag to intraepithelial lymphocytes in the vascular space. We have analyzed the sorting information required for efficient intracellular localization and polarized distribution of MHC class II molecules in stably transfected Madin-Darby canine kidney cells. These cells were able to present influenza virus particles to HLA-DR1-restricted T cell clones. Wild-type MHC class II molecules were located on the basolateral plasma membrane domain, in basolateral early endosomes, and in late multivesicular endosomes, the latter also containing the MHC class II-associated invariant chain and an HLA-DM fusion protein. A phenylalanine-leucine residue within the cytoplasmic tail of the beta-chain was required for basolateral distribution, efficient internalization, and localization of the MHC class II molecules to basolateral early endosomes. However, distribution to apically located, late multivesicular endosomes did not depend on signals in the class II cytoplasmic tails as both wild-type class II molecules and mutant molecules lacking the phenylalanine-leucine motif were found in these compartments. Our results demonstrate that sorting information in the tails of class II dimers is an absolute requirement for their basolateral surface distribution and intracellular localization.
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Antígenos de Diferenciación de Linfocitos B/fisiología , Polaridad Celular/inmunología , Citoplasma/inmunología , Antígeno HLA-DR1/metabolismo , Antígenos de Histocompatibilidad Clase II/fisiología , Leucina/fisiología , Fragmentos de Péptidos/fisiología , Transducción de Señal/inmunología , Secuencia de Aminoácidos , Animales , Presentación de Antígeno/genética , Transporte Biológico/inmunología , Compartimento Celular/genética , Compartimento Celular/inmunología , Línea Celular , Membrana Celular/inmunología , Membrana Celular/metabolismo , Perros , Endosomas/inmunología , Endosomas/metabolismo , Antígenos HLA-D/genética , Antígenos HLA-D/metabolismo , Humanos , Riñón , Datos de Secuencia Molecular , Fragmentos de Péptidos/inmunología , Fragmentos de Péptidos/metabolismo , Proteínas Recombinantes de Fusión/inmunología , Proteínas Recombinantes de Fusión/metabolismo , Transducción de Señal/genética , TransfecciónRESUMEN
PIP: This study evaluated how Cairene mothers of low-income neighborhoods with different levels of education and occupational status prepare their preschoolers for the cognitive demands of school. It was hypothesized that educated working mothers act as mediators of their children's learning; endorse less traditional socialization values, believe in earlier developmental timetables, and more frequently show child-rearing behaviors which have been associated with intellectual development in children. Interviews and intelligence tests concerning socialization values and practices were administered to 30 mothers. Overall, the respondents were found to emphasize a controlling, restricting, and protecting style of child rearing. They adopted ideals that include moral education, compliance, agreeableness, passivity, and loyalty. Observation revealed little verbal interaction or stimulation of children. In contrast, educated working mothers expressed belief in earlier developmental timetables and endorsed the less traditional values of stimulating and interacting, subsequently supporting the hypothesis. They were also more positively verbally interacting with their children during the interview compared to nonworking low-educated mothers. Findings underscore the potential benefit of investing in girls' education for the future of their children.^ieng
Asunto(s)
Actitud , Conducta , Crianza del Niño , Recolección de Datos , Escolaridad , Madres , Pobreza , África , África del Norte , Países en Desarrollo , Economía , Egipto , Composición Familiar , Relaciones Familiares , Medio Oriente , Padres , Psicología , Investigación , Muestreo , Clase Social , Factores SocioeconómicosRESUMEN
Individuation, ego development and family negotiation of conflict were studied in 27 Norwegian families with an adolescent daughter, 16-19 years, drawn from a larger sample to represent a rectangular distribution of ego development. Individuality and Connectedness (individuation) as conceptualized and scored by Condon et al. (1984) was modified and adapted to a Norwegian material. Four factors were extracted, one related to individuality (self-assertion and separateness) and two to connectedness (clarification and acceptance). Ego development, measured by the Washington University Sentence Completion Test (Loevinger & Wessler, 1970) was related to connectedness between mother and daughter and between father and daughter, but not to individuality. Maturity of conflict negotiation was positively related to connectedness between mother and daughter and negatively to individuality between father and daughter. It was argued that for women, individuality may not be a singular goal in ego development or in individuation and that self-other differentiation of identity and interests may develop within a close relationship and not only through separation.
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Ego , Individualismo , Negociación , Relaciones Padres-Hijo , Psicología del Adolescente , Adolescente , Femenino , Humanos , Noruega , Análisis de RegresiónRESUMEN
Total creatine kinase and the creatine kinase isoenzyme MB activities were measured simultaneously in 767 serum samples from 592 patients with suspected myocardial infarction. The main and obligate finding was that in the 89 patients with verified infarction the fraction of MB-activity related to the total creatine kinase activity lay between 4 and 25%. In 72 patients diagnosed as not-having an infarction this fraction tended to lie below 4%. However, false positives frequently occurred within the lower total creatine kinase activity range.
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Creatina Quinasa/sangre , Infarto del Miocardio/enzimología , Reacciones Falso Positivas , Femenino , Humanos , Isoenzimas , MasculinoRESUMEN
The study investigated 261 lottery winners of prizes of NKR 1 million (US $150,000) or more in the years 1987-91 in a postal survey. The modal Norwegian winners were middle-aged married men of modest education, living in small communities. Emotional reactions to winning were few, aside from moderate happiness and relief. Winners emphasized caution, emotional control and unconspicuous spending, e.g. paying debts and sharing with children. There was only a slight increase in economic spending. A wish for anonymity was frequent, together with fear of envy from others. Betting was modest both before and after winning. Experiences with winning were predominantly positive. Life quality was stable or had improved. An age trend was observed, accounting for more variance than any other variable. The older winners seemed to represent a puritan subculture of caution, modesty and emotional restraint. A slightly more impatient pattern of spending was characteristic of younger winners. The results support Kaplan's 1987 and others' findings that lottery winners are not gamblers, but self-controlled realists and that tenacious, negative cultural expectations to the contrary are myths, but perhaps also deterrents of uncontrolled behavior.
RESUMEN
"I am three times without a country; a Bohemian among Austrians, an Austrian among Germans, and a Jew among all the peoples of the world". This famous quotation is typical of Gustav Mahler (1860-1911) and reflects his difficult and stormy life. His rheumatic mitral valve disease, diagnosed in 1907, was probably asymptomatic until recurrent throat infections put an end to his life. At the time of his death Mahler was at the peak of his career as a conductor, with 90 concerts scheduled for the 1910-11 season. He had completed his 9th and begun his 10th symphony, but would his real task as a composer have survived the serious domestic crisis and threatened his artistic life? "My time will come" said Mahler, and by this he meant the acknowledgement of his music. But this took a long time. Today Mahler's music is played all over the world. Without doubt he is "eternal among the great".
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Personajes , Música/historia , Austria , Historia del Siglo XIX , Historia del Siglo XX , Humanos , Masculino , Cardiopatía Reumática/historiaAsunto(s)
Angina de Pecho/diagnóstico por imagen , Femenino , Humanos , Persona de Mediana Edad , RadiografíaRESUMEN
The ECG findings before, during and following 81 spontaneous attacks of cluster headache in 24 patients have been recorded using a Holter cardiography system. No significant change in mean heart rate was found during attacks, when all attacks were considered as a group. Attacks which began when patients were awake differed from those which began during sleep as regards changes in mean heart rate. The mean heart rate decreased during the majority (61%) of attacks which began when patients were awake, whereas it remained unchanged or increased during the majority (67.5%) of attacks which began during sleep. The attacks which began when patients were awake also had higher absolute mean heart rate values before, during and following attacks compared to similar values for those attacks which began during sleep. blood pressure was measured during 11 attacks and showed a significant increase in both systolic and diastolic blood pressure. The heart rate and blood pressure in six patients usually increased during induced head pain.