RESUMEN
The fatty acid composition of plasma cholesterol esters (CE), erythrocytes (RBC) and mature milk from seven lactating women and their exclusively breastfed newborns, living on Dominica, were studied. Blood samples were taken from umbilical cord and mother at birth. A sample of breastmilk was collected on day 20-22 postpartum, together with a blood sample from the baby. At birth, cord blood plasma CE and RBC total long chain polyunsaturated fatty acid (LC-PUFA) contents were higher, and linoleic (18:2c, omega 6) and alpha-linolenic (18:3c, omega 3) acid contents lower, than in corresponding maternal compartments. Cord blood RBC LC-PUFA omega 3 content was lower and LC-PUFA omega 6 content higher than in maternal RBC. After birth, feeding with human milk led to a drop in LC-PUFA content in the plasma CE fraction, whereas RBC LC-PUFA content remained virtually constant. Current understanding of the origin and relative affinity of fatty acids incorporated in plasma CE and RBC suggests that RBC LC-PUFA content is a more reliable parameter for LC-PUFA status than plasma CE LC-PUFA content. The RBC LC-PUFA data suggest therefore that at birth the newborn has a lower LC-PUFA omega 3 status than the mother, and that this does not change during three weeks of exclusive breastfeeding (AU)
Asunto(s)
Humanos , Lactancia Materna , Ésteres del Colesterol/análisis , Parto Obstétrico , Eritrocitos/análisis , Ácidos Grasos Insaturados/análisis , Recién Nacido/sangre , Ésteres del Colesterol/sangre , Ácidos Grasos Insaturados/análisis , Sangre Fetal/metabolismo , Recién Nacido/crecimiento & desarrollo , Leche Humana/metabolismo , DominicaRESUMEN
Risk factors during pregnancy and delivery and neurological morbidity of newborns were assessed in a birth cohort in Dominica, the Caribbean. The data were compared with two reference groups, one from Grenada, the Caribbean, and the other from Groningen, the Netherlands. Despite variations in cultural and socio-economic situation, the similarities in obstetrical conditions, neonatal neurological morbidity and perinatal relationships between the three groups were more striking than the differences. The Dominican group showed a significantly higher rate of preterm births than the two other groups. Preterm birth was associated with a significant increase in neurological deviancy. In general motility and muscle tone were found to be lower in the Caribbean region than in the Netherlands (AU)
Asunto(s)
Humanos , Embarazo , Recién Nacido , Masculino , Femenino , Daño Encefálico Crónico/epidemiología , Complicaciones del Embarazo/epidemiología , Resultado del Embarazo , Puntaje de Apgar , Asfixia Neonatal/complicaciones , Asfixia Neonatal/epidemiología , Daño Encefálico Crónico/diagnóstico , Daño Encefálico Crónico/etiología , Parto Obstétrico/métodos , Parto Obstétrico/normas , Retardo del Crecimiento Fetal/complicaciones , Retardo del Crecimiento Fetal/epidemiología , Incidencia , Mortalidad Infantil , Trabajo de Parto Prematuro/complicaciones , Trabajo de Parto Prematuro/epidemiología , Países Bajos/epidemiología , Vigilancia de la Población , Prevalencia , Factores de Riesgo , Dominica , Estudio ComparativoRESUMEN
The fatty compositions of plasma cholesterol esters (CE) and erythrocytes (RBC) from five lactating women and their exclusively breastfed newborns, living in Dominica, were studied. Blood samples were taken from the umbilical cord and mother at birth. A second blood sample of the newborn and a sample of breast milk were taken on day 20-22 postpartum. Fatty acids were determined by capillary gas chromatography. At birth, cord blood plasma CE and RBC long chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LC-PUFA) contents were higher, and linoleic acid (18:2c, w6) contents lower, than in corresponding maternal compartments. Accretion of LC-PUFA by the foetus may be accomplished by a-fetoprotein , that has a high affinity for LC-PUFA and is taken up by a variety of foetal tissues in a receptor-mediated fashion. After birth breastfeeding leads to a drop of LC-PUFA content in the plasma CE fraction, whereas RBC LC-PUFA content remains constant. Is is conceivable that RBC LC-PUFA content is a more reliable parameter for LC-PUFA status than the plasma CE LC-PUFA (AU)
Asunto(s)
Humanos , Femenino , Lactancia Materna , Ácidos Grasos Insaturados , Dominica , Ésteres del Colesterol , EritrocitosRESUMEN
The risk factors during pregnancy and delivery and neurological morbidity of the newborn were assessed in a birth cohort in Dominica, West Indies. The data were compared with those from 2 reference groups from Grenada, West Indies and Groningen, the Netherlands. Despite variations in cultural and socio-economic factors among the 3 groups, the similarities in obstetrical status, neonatal neurological morbidity and perinatal relationships were more striking than the differences. The Dominican group showed a significantly higher rate of preterm births than the other 2 groups. Preterm birth was associated with a significant increase in neurological deviancy. In general, motility and muscle tone were found to be lower in West Indians than in Netherlands newborns (AU)