RESUMEN
A healthy, 10-day-old Welsh A pony colt was totally blind 1 day after arrival at a studfarm. Both eyes appeared normal on external inspection. The young animal had been very distressed during the 40-km journey to the studfarm. Intravenous corticosteroids were administered for 2 days, but did not result in any observable improvement. The animal was euthanized at the owner's request. Both eyes with the optic nerves were removed for histological examination. Both optic nerves showed Wallerian degeneration, a well-known response of peripheral nerves to trauma. The foal, which was not tethered during transportation, probably sustained a blunt trauma in the trailer. This case highlights the importance of taking adequate measures to prevent young animals from sustaining blunt trauma during transport.
Asunto(s)
Ceguera/veterinaria , Traumatismos Craneocerebrales/veterinaria , Caballos/lesiones , Traumatismos del Nervio Óptico , Animales , Ceguera/tratamiento farmacológico , Ceguera/etiología , Traumatismos Craneocerebrales/complicaciones , Nervio Óptico/patología , Prednisona/uso terapéutico , Degeneración Walleriana/veterinariaRESUMEN
27 children (38 eyes) with cataracts of different origins were treated using iris fixated one-piece Iris-Claw intraocular lenses. Visual acuities outcome in this group was comparable with the results in other series. The Iris-Claw lens is a very versatile IOL, which can be used in most cataract procedures, it can be removed and exchanged with minimal surgical trauma; therefore it is an effective modality in correction of the developmental changes in the refraction of the very young and growing, aphakic eye.
Asunto(s)
Extracción de Catarata , Iris/cirugía , Lentes Intraoculares , Adolescente , Catarata/complicaciones , Extracción de Catarata/métodos , Niño , Preescolar , Femenino , Estudios de Seguimiento , Humanos , Lactante , Masculino , Complicaciones Posoperatorias , Estudios Retrospectivos , Resultado del Tratamiento , Agudeza VisualRESUMEN
Traumatic injuries of the orbit may lead to luxation of the eyeball. This complication is of uncommon occurrence. Aetiology, clinical features, prognosis and treatment are discussed on the basis of the occurrence of the luxation of the eyeball in a 30-year-old man.
Asunto(s)
Lesiones Oculares/etiología , Fracturas Orbitales/complicaciones , Adulto , Humanos , MasculinoRESUMEN
A 37-year-old man, who had an oat cell carcinoma of the left lung, lost in a few months a substantial part of both visual fields, on account of a destructive retinal process. This syndrome is known in the literature as a visual paraneoplastic syndrome, which clinically shows the very rapid development of a pseudoretinitis pigmentosa sine pigmento. For most of the patients described the visual problem was the presenting symptom. In contrast with most other described cases, our patient responded very well to systemic tumor treatment and his ocular process also came to a standstill after some delay. The nature of the relationship between the primary tumor and the photoreceptor destruction is not yet clear in detail. An auto-immune process probably forms the basis of the syndrome, but hormonal activity of the tumor could not be excluded in all cases.
Asunto(s)
Carcinoma de Células Pequeñas/complicaciones , Neoplasias Pulmonares/complicaciones , Enfermedades de la Retina/etiología , Adulto , Electrooculografía , Electrorretinografía , Angiografía con Fluoresceína , Fondo de Ojo , Humanos , Masculino , Enfermedades de la Retina/patología , Enfermedades de la Retina/fisiopatología , Agudeza Visual , Campos VisualesRESUMEN
The populations formed by the pupils of the eleven Dutch institutions for visually handicapped children on the first of January 1980 were investigated, repeating the investigation of the International Association for Prevention of Blindness in 1970. The total number of pupils was nearly the same in both instances (1300 in 1970 and 1334 in 1980). No significant differences were found in the distribution of diagnoses and etiologies between the two groups. The congenital cataracts, the tapeto-retinal dystrophies and the optic nerve affections are still the three diagnostic groups with the highest prevalence (together 48.6%). To gain more reliable insight into morbidity patterns one needs longitudinal investigations with central registration of patient data, especially in studying the influence of pre- and perinatal problems.
Asunto(s)
Trastornos de la Visión/etiología , Ceguera/etiología , Niño , Preescolar , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Atrofia Óptica/complicaciones , Enfermedades de la Retina/complicaciones , Trastornos de la Visión/clasificación , Trastornos de la Visión/fisiopatología , Visión OcularRESUMEN
In the Netherlands timolol maleate, probably the drug of first choice in antiglaucoma therapy, is often combined with other intraocular pressure lowering drugs. The efficacy of most combinations have been discussed in the literature several times, except the one with aceclidine, a parasympathetic drug, that has a reasonable popularity in Western Europe. Unlike pilocarpine, aceclidine does not seem to give a clinically significant additional pressure lowering effect in timolol pre-treated eyes. The decrease in IOP in aceclidine pre-treated eyes after single dose timolol seems to be an effect of timolol alone. Our results suggest that co-administration of timolol and aceclidine is not a rational action in antiglaucomatous therapy.
Asunto(s)
Glaucoma de Ángulo Abierto/tratamiento farmacológico , Quinuclidinas/uso terapéutico , Timolol/uso terapéutico , Anciano , Ensayos Clínicos como Asunto , Sinergismo Farmacológico , Quimioterapia Combinada , Femenino , Humanos , Presión Intraocular/efectos de los fármacos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana EdadRESUMEN
Generally, the vertical vergence response is smaller than the disparity that evokes it, even within the diplopia threshold. However, subjective and objective fixation disparity values obtained with Ogle's device agreed fairly well. The reference lines in themselves appeared to be a stimulus to align the eyes. This finding limits the value of the subjective fixation disparity method when studying the vertical fusional response. Vertical fixation disparity is dependent on time of exposure. Responses of increasing amplitude take longer to reach full amplitude from the position of rest than in the reverse direction.
Asunto(s)
Movimientos Oculares , Fijación Ocular , Diplopía/fisiopatología , Humanos , Métodos , Factores de TiempoRESUMEN
Vertical fusional movements elicited by stimulation of the non-foveal retina cannot be distinguished from movements elicited by foveal stimulation, except for a difference in the ratio between the amplitude of the response and the amplitude of the stimulus. This ratio is dependent on target configuration and on the retinal area stimulated. In some circumstances, if the size and richness of contour balances against the object fixated at the fovea, bifoveal fixation can be disrupted. It can be assumed that the stimulus for the motor response is made up of foveal as well as peripheral retinal stimulation. it is plausible that there is a gradient over the retina: the influence of the stimulated retinal area decreases form the fovea towards the periphery.
Asunto(s)
Movimientos Oculares , Retina/fisiología , Fijación Ocular , Fóvea Central/fisiología , HumanosRESUMEN
Case report of a young man showing neuromas of the palpebral and bulbar conjunctiva and markedly thickened nerve fibers in both cornea. Multiple neuromas were seen on the lips and in the oral cavity. A medullary carcinoma of the thyroid was found. These symptoms pointed to the diagnosis of a MMN or MEN type 3 syndrome. There were no signs of phaeochromocytoma, however, which also belongs to this syndrome. The ophthalmologist, who may be the first to see such a patient as a child, should be aware of the malignancies which develop around puberty and of the strong and dominant heredity of this disease.