RESUMEN
This study investigated the antitumoral, anti-inflammatory and oxidative effects of polysaccharides from tucum (Bactris setosa, TUC) using the Ehrlich carcinoma as a tumor model. Additionally, the glycogen content, cytochrome P levels, and gluconeogenesis from lactate were assessed in the liver of healthy animals. Tumor-bearing female mice were orally treated with 50 and 100 mg.kg-1 of TUC or vehicle, once a day, or with 1.5 mg.kg-1 methotrexate via i.p., every 3 days, along 21 days. Both doses of TUC reduced the tumor weight and volume. In the tumor tissue, it decreased GSH and IL-1ß levels, and increased LPO, NAG, NO and TNF-α levels. The tumor histology showed necrosis and leukocytes infiltration. The metabolic effects of TUC were investigated by measurement of total cytochrome P (CYP) and glycogen in tumor-bearing mice, and by ex vivo liver perfusion on non-bearing tumor male mice, using lactate as gluconeogenic precursor. Metabolically, the hepatic glucose and pyruvate productions, oxygen uptake, and the total CYP concentration were not modified by TUC. Thus, tucum-do-cerrado polysaccharides have antitumor effects through the modulation of oxidative stress and inflammation, without impairing glucose production from lactate in the liver, the main organ responsible for the metabolism of organic and xenobiotic compounds.
Asunto(s)
Gluconeogénesis , Hígado , Polisacáridos , Animales , Polisacáridos/farmacología , Polisacáridos/química , Ratones , Hígado/efectos de los fármacos , Hígado/metabolismo , Hígado/patología , Gluconeogénesis/efectos de los fármacos , Femenino , Masculino , Antineoplásicos/farmacología , Antineoplásicos/química , Estrés Oxidativo/efectos de los fármacos , Frutas/química , Glucógeno/metabolismo , Carcinoma de Ehrlich/tratamiento farmacológico , Carcinoma de Ehrlich/patología , Carcinoma de Ehrlich/metabolismo , Extractos Vegetales/farmacología , Extractos Vegetales/químicaRESUMEN
Oils extracted from almonds are often used with particular interest due to their prospective health effects and benefits. Tucum is a Pantanal fruit widely consumed by local population and no in vivo toxicity studies regarding its safety are available in the literature to date. This study investigated the acute and subacute toxicity of tucum almond oil (TAO) in mice by evaluating its safety profile. For the acute (2000 mg/kg) and subacute (250, 500 and 1000 mg/kg) toxicity studies, TAO was administered orally to mice according to 425 and 407 Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development Guidelines, respectively. Food intake, body, and organ weight of animals were recorded. Signs of toxicity were assessed, and hematological, biochemical and histopathological analyses were performed. In the acute toxicity study, no mortality or behavioral changes were observed in mice treated with 2000 mg/kg, indicating that LD50 is higher than this dose. In the subacute toxicity test, the doses evaluated did not produce relevant changes in hematological, biochemical or histopathological parameters in the exposed animals. The data obtained suggest that TAO did not induce toxicity after exposure to a single or repeated doses and LD50 value may be considered to be more than 2000 mg/kg body weight.
Asunto(s)
Arecaceae , Animales , Ratones , Extractos Vegetales/farmacología , Aceites de Plantas/toxicidad , Estudios Prospectivos , Ratas , Ratas Wistar , Pruebas de Toxicidad AgudaRESUMEN
BACKGROUND: Colorectal cancer is a highly prevalent disease, requiring effective strategies for prevention and treatment. The present research aimed to formulate a natural fiber-rich food product (NFRFP) and to evaluate its safety, toxicogenetics, and effects on aberrant crypt foci induced by 1,2-dimethyl-hydrazine in a preclinical model. METHODS: A total of 78 male Wistar rats were distributed in six experimental groups: negative control, positive control (1,2-Dimethylhydrazine-40 mg/Kg), and four groups fed with 10% NFRFP: NFRFP, pre-treatment protocol, simultaneous treatment, and post-treatment protocol. RESULTS: The NFRFP was shown to be a good source of fibers and did not change biometric, biochemical, hematological, and inflammatory parameters, and did not induce signs of toxicity and genotoxicity/carcinogenicity. NFRFP exhibited a chemopreventive effect, in all protocols, with damage reduction (% DR) of 75% in the comet test. NFRFP reduced the incidence of aberrant crypt outbreaks by 49.36% in the post-treatment protocol. CONCLUSIONS: The results suggest the applicability of NFRFP in the human diet due to potential production at an industrial scale and easy technological application in different products, since it could be incorporated in food without altering or causing small changes in final product sensory characteristics.
Asunto(s)
Focos de Criptas Aberrantes/prevención & control , Colon/patología , Neoplasias Colorrectales/prevención & control , Fibras de la Dieta/administración & dosificación , 1,2-Dimetilhidrazina , Focos de Criptas Aberrantes/inducido químicamente , Focos de Criptas Aberrantes/metabolismo , Focos de Criptas Aberrantes/patología , Alimentación Animal , Animales , Colon/metabolismo , Neoplasias Colorrectales/inducido químicamente , Neoplasias Colorrectales/metabolismo , Neoplasias Colorrectales/patología , Citocinas/sangre , Modelos Animales de Enfermedad , Mediadores de Inflamación/sangre , Masculino , Ratas WistarRESUMEN
Metabolic syndrome (MetS) and obesity are growing in many parts of the world, becoming public health problems. It is proposed that foods with functional properties can assist in the treatment of these diseases. Crude buriti pulp oil (BPO) is a food traditionally consumed by residents in the Pantanal, Cerrado and Brazilian Amazon. It is rich in oleic acid, tocopherols and carotenoids, emerging as a potential functional food. Thus, this study aimed to evaluate the effect of the supplementation of BPO on metabolic disorders caused by a high-fat diet. Four groups of C57BL6 mice were used, a lean group with AIN-93M diet and control oil supplementation, an obese group with a high-fat diet and control oil supplementation, and two obese groups with a high-fat diet and BPO supplementation in the amounts of 50 and 100 mg/kg. BPO worsened the metabolic state caused by the high-fat diet, worsening risk factors associated with MetS, as the abdominal circumference and retroperitoneal fat, serum levels of total cholesterol, uric acid, alanine transaminase, glucose and triglycerides, and renal fat, in addition to changes in glycaemic control and oxidative stress markers. C57BL/6 mice fed with a high-fat diet and supplemented with BPO presented a worsening in metabolic risk factors associated with MetS.