RESUMEN
Human tuberculosis (TB) is caused by members of the Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex (MTBC), including Mycobacterium tuberculosis var. tuberculosis (MTB) and Mycobacterium tuberculosis var. africanum (MAF). While MTB is isolated worldwide, MAF is almost completely restricted to the African continent, and despite the historical proximity between Brazil and Africa during the slave trade, no case of TB being caused by MAF has been reported in Brazil to date. We hereby describe the first case of TB caused by MAF in Brazil comparing its genome against the published ones. A female patient who had never visited Africa presented with clinical symptoms typical of pulmonary TB. Based on 16S rRNA gene sequencing, the cultured isolate was identified as belonging to MTBC and partial sequence of the hsp65 gene was identical to that of MAF. This was confirmed by genotyping based on detection of Single Nucleotide Polymorphism (SNP), Region of Difference (RD) and spoligotyping. The isolate presented the Shared International Typing (SIT) 181. In the whole-genome comparison against MAF genomes available on published EMBL-EBI European Nucleotide Archive (ENA), the Brazilian genome (MAFBRA00707) was identified as belonging to Lineage 6 and clustered with isolates from The Gambia. This is the first report of the isolation of MAF from a patient from Brazil, without evidence of having any contact with an African index case.
Asunto(s)
Mycobacterium tuberculosis/clasificación , Mycobacterium tuberculosis/genética , Tuberculosis Pulmonar/diagnóstico , Tuberculosis Pulmonar/microbiología , Brasil/epidemiología , Genes Bacterianos , Genoma Bacteriano , Genotipo , Humanos , Epidemiología Molecular , Tipificación Molecular , Mycobacterium tuberculosis/aislamiento & purificación , Filogenia , Polimorfismo de Nucleótido Simple , ARN Ribosómico 16S , Tuberculosis Pulmonar/epidemiologíaRESUMEN
Twenty-one pulmonary sputum samples from nine Brazilian patients were analyzed by the PRA-hsp65 method for identification of Mycobacterium species and the results were compared by sequencing. We reported a mutation at the position 381, that generates a suppression cutting site in the BstEII enzyme, thus leading to a new PRA-hsp65 pattern for M. asiaticum identification.
Asunto(s)
Infecciones por Mycobacterium/microbiología , Mycobacterium/clasificación , Mutación Puntual , Brasil , ADN Bacteriano/genética , Humanos , Mycobacterium/genética , Mycobacterium/aislamiento & purificación , Filogenia , Reacción en Cadena de la Polimerasa/métodos , Esputo/microbiologíaRESUMEN
OBJECTIVES: Mycobacterium kansasii (M. kansasii) pulmonary infection can cause disease with clinical and radiological features similar to tuberculosis. Failure to treat M. kansasii infection is usually associated with resistance; to increase the chance of successful treatment it is important to identify the species and know the susceptibility profile. This study aimed to evaluate the antimycobacterial susceptibility profiles of M. kansasii isolates from Brazil. METHODS: Sixty-nine M. kansasii isolates from 69 patients were identified by partial sequencing of the hsp65 gene, and their susceptibility profiles were analysed by minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) assays. RESULTS: From 69 isolates, 68 showed susceptibility to clarithromycin, amikacin, and moxifloxacin. Most strains showed high rates of resistance to trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole and ciprofloxacin. Resistance to rifampicin and ethambutol was found in 12% and 25% of isolates, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: Worrying results were found regarding susceptibility to some drugs used as first-line agents in the treatment of diseases caused by M. kansasii.
Asunto(s)
Antibacterianos/farmacología , Farmacorresistencia Bacteriana Múltiple , Infecciones por Mycobacterium no Tuberculosas/microbiología , Mycobacterium kansasii/efectos de los fármacos , Proteínas Bacterianas/genética , Brasil , Chaperonina 60/genética , Humanos , Pruebas de Sensibilidad MicrobianaRESUMEN
In this study we describe the first isolation of Mycobacterium triplex in Latin America. This species causes infections in humans, with very few reports from around the world. We isolated two sputum specimens of a patient with a 6-year history of human immunodeficiency and tuberculosis treatment failure. All tests used confirmed M. triplex and the patient responded well to drug therapy for 18months.
Asunto(s)
Infecciones por Mycobacterium no Tuberculosas/microbiología , Micobacterias no Tuberculosas/aislamiento & purificación , Esputo/microbiología , Coinfección , ADN Bacteriano , Femenino , Infecciones por VIH/complicaciones , Infecciones por VIH/tratamiento farmacológico , Humanos , América Latina/epidemiología , Persona de Mediana Edad , Infecciones por Mycobacterium no Tuberculosas/complicaciones , Infecciones por Mycobacterium no Tuberculosas/epidemiología , Micobacterias no Tuberculosas/clasificación , Micobacterias no Tuberculosas/genética , Filogenia , Reacción en Cadena de la Polimerasa , Análisis de Secuencia de ADNRESUMEN
This work comprises 9 pulmonary nontuberculous mycobateria isolates obtained from sputum of 4 different patients from Brazil. The sequencing and phylogenetic analysis allowed their accurate identification as Mycobacterium intracellulare. We report a mutation at position 453 creating a new HaeIII cutting site and, therefore, a new PRA-hsp65 M. intracellulare profile.
Asunto(s)
Proteínas Bacterianas/genética , Chaperonina 60/genética , Tipificación Molecular , Complejo Mycobacterium avium/clasificación , Complejo Mycobacterium avium/genética , Reacción en Cadena de la Polimerasa , Mapeo Restrictivo , Brasil , Análisis por Conglomerados , ADN Bacteriano/química , ADN Bacteriano/genética , ADN Ribosómico/química , ADN Ribosómico/genética , Humanos , Datos de Secuencia Molecular , Complejo Mycobacterium avium/aislamiento & purificación , Infección por Mycobacterium avium-intracellulare/microbiología , Filogenia , Neumonía/microbiología , ARN Ribosómico 16S/genética , Análisis de Secuencia de ADN , Esputo/microbiologíaRESUMEN
In this article, the first isolation of Mycobacterium kyorinense specimens in Brazil is described. M. kyorinense is a recently identified species, with a few strains reported only in Japan. The Brazilian isolates were initially identified as Mycobacterium celatum by PCR restriction enzyme pattern analysis (PRA) with hsp65. However, biochemical tests indicated the same profile of M. kyorinense and distinguished them from M. celatum and Mycobacterium branderi. The sequencing of the hsp65, rpoB, and 16S rRNA genes allowed the accurate identification of isolates as M. kyorinense.