RESUMEN
OBJECTIVE: To conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis to verify the association between smartphone/tablet exposure and physical activity and sleep in children from 5 to 10 years old. Data Source: This study followed the guidelines of PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) and included studies that met eligibility criteria based on the "PECO" strategy: participants (children from 5 to 10 years old), exposure (smartphone and tablet use), and outcome (physical activity and sleep). STUDY INCLUSION AND EXCLUSION CRITERIA: The inclusion criteria were observational studies published in indexed scientific journals and written in Portuguese, English, and Spanish that verified the association of exposure to smartphones/tablets with physical activity and sleep in children aged 5 to 10 years of both sexes. Studies were considered eligible only if they met the previous criteria. Data Extraction: The search was conducted in January 2023 on databases from electronic journals without the restriction of the period. To meta-analyze were extracted and grouped using models of fixed and random effects, the coefficients Odds Ratio (OR), Beta (ß), Standard Error (SE), and Confidence Intervals of 95% (95%CI). Data Synthesis: 2396 potentially relevant papers were identified, and 17 met the inclusion criteria. RESULTS: It can be verified that there was an inverse association between smartphones with physical activity and sleep. Studies indicate that for every additional hour of smartphone and tablet use, sleep can be expected to decrease by an average of 11 minutes (ß = - 0.11; 95%CI = -0.13; -0.09). Children using smartphones and tablets were 1.79 times (OR = 1.79; 95%CI = 1.72-1.86) more likely to have shorter sleep duration and 1.53 times (OR = 1.53; 95%CI = 1.41-1.65) more likely to have worse sleep quality. Children with shorter smartphone and tablet usage were 1.19 times more likely to be active (OR = 1.19; 95% CI = 1.03-1.37). CONCLUSION: Children of 5 to 10 years who are more often exposed to smartphones and tablets are prone to have worse quality and quantity of sleep, as well as less practice of physical activity. Health promotion actions can be encouraged based on the results, aiming to reduce the use time of these devices and improve children's health and quality of life.
Asunto(s)
Computadoras de Mano , Ejercicio Físico , Sueño , Teléfono Inteligente , Niño , Preescolar , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Computadoras de Mano/estadística & datos numéricos , Teléfono Inteligente/estadística & datos numéricosRESUMEN
Increasing physical activity levels during adolescence have been put on the agenda by several researchers. This study verified the association between social support from parents and friends and different amounts of moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) among adolescents in public school. The present study had a cross-sectional design and included a representative sample of 1984 adolescents (aged 15-17). The ASAFA (Apoio Social para prática de Atividade Física para Adolescentes) scale and the QAFA (Questionário de Atividade Física para Adolescentes) were used to determine social support and physical activity, respectively. For statistical analysis, a conceptual model for structured equations and weighted least squares mean and variance adjusted were applied. Social support from parents increased the odds of engaging in 180 min/week of MVPA by 46.7%, 47.8% for 300 min/week, and 45.5% for 420 min/week. Social support from friends showed similar relations trends: 23.8% for 180 min/week, 23.6% for 300 min/week, and 21.2% for 420 min/week. Social support from parents and friends increased the probability of adolescents reaching the amounts of physical activity investigated. The results indicate that greater social support (from parents and friends) was associated with a higher level of MVPA in Brazilian adolescents.
RESUMEN
To verify the association between the practice of physical activity and dietary patterns and psychological distress before and during the lockdown due to COVID-19, a cross-sectional study was performed with 2000 Brazilians (mean [M] = 35.78 years; standard deviation [SD] = 11.20; 59.6% women) recruited through convenience sampling via digital media. Participants completed an electronic questionnaire containing sociodemographic and clinical information, nutritional patterns, physical activity, and psychological distress. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and multinomial regression. Before the COVID-19 lockdown, the chance of women presenting very high stress, in relation to men, was six times higher (OR = 6.32; 95% CI 4.20-9.51), a behavior that remained similar during the lockdown (OR = 6.63; 95% CI 4.40-10.00). Before the lockdown, insufficient physical activity doubled the chance of having very high stress in relation to those who engaged in physical activities six to seven times a week (OR = 2.11; 95% CI 1.10-4.02). However, during the lockdown, this probability was higher, from twice to 10 times the chance (OR = 10.19; 95% CI 4.85-21.41). Not exercising alone (OR = 2.18; 95% CI 1.52-3.11) and a decreasing physical activity frequency (OR = 2.28; 95% CI 1.40-3.71) were also associated with very high stress during the lockdown. Additionally, the consumption of smaller amounts of food showed an inverse association with very high stress (OR = 0.28; 95% CI 0.18-0.43). The maintenance of physical activity and an adequate eating frequency are measures that should be considered to cope with higher levels of anxiety and depression.
Asunto(s)
COVID-19 , Distrés Psicológico , Masculino , Adulto , Humanos , Femenino , COVID-19/epidemiología , Estudios Transversales , Brasil/epidemiología , Internet , Control de Enfermedades Transmisibles , Ansiedad/epidemiología , Ejercicio Físico , Depresión/epidemiología , Estrés Psicológico/epidemiología , Estrés Psicológico/psicologíaRESUMEN
ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: The COVID-19 pandemic may be having many psychological impacts on people, at both an individual and a community level. OBJECTIVE: To ascertain the relationship between the weekly frequency of physical activity and levels of stress among Brazilian adults during social distancing due to the coronavirus (COVID-19), and the interaction of sex in this association. DESIGN AND SETTING: Cross-sectional study with a descriptive approach conducted at a public university in Curitiba (PR), Brazil. METHODS: 2,000 Brazilian adults (average age 36.4 years; 59.6% women) were recruited according to convenience through digital media. They filled out a questionnaire in electronic format that asked for sociodemographic information, health data, food consumption data, weekly frequency of physical activity and stress levels on the 10-item Kessler psychological distress scale. Descriptive statistics and regression analyses were used to evaluate the data. RESULTS: Associations were observed for the following correlations: male sex * no physical activity (odds ratio (OR): 4.35; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.14-16.67); female sex * physical activity 4 or 5 times a week (OR: 7.86; 95% CI: 2.28-27.05); female sex * physical activity 3 times a week (OR: 7.32; 95% CI: 2.09-25.58); female sex * physical activity 1 or 2 times a week (OR: 14.57; 95% CI: 4.28-49.57); and female sex * no physical activity (OR: 24.17; 95% CI: 7.21-80.97). CONCLUSION: The lower the weekly frequency of physical activity during the period of social distancing was, the greater the chances of having stress levels were, especially for women.
Asunto(s)
Humanos , Masculino , Femenino , Adulto , Pandemias , COVID-19 , Brasil/epidemiología , Ejercicio Físico , Estudios Transversales , Internet , Distanciamiento Físico , SARS-CoV-2RESUMEN
BACKGROUND: The COVID-19 pandemic may be having many psychological impacts on people, at both an individual and a community level. OBJECTIVE: To ascertain the relationship between the weekly frequency of physical activity and levels of stress among Brazilian adults during social distancing due to the coronavirus (COVID-19), and the interaction of sex in this association. DESIGN AND SETTING: Cross-sectional study with a descriptive approach conducted at a public university in Curitiba (PR), Brazil. METHODS: 2,000 Brazilian adults (average age 36.4 years; 59.6% women) were recruited according to convenience through digital media. They filled out a questionnaire in electronic format that asked for sociodemographic information, health data, food consumption data, weekly frequency of physical activity and stress levels on the 10-item Kessler psychological distress scale. Descriptive statistics and regression analyses were used to evaluate the data. RESULTS: Associations were observed for the following correlations: male sex * no physical activity (odds ratio (OR): 4.35; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.14-16.67); female sex * physical activity 4 or 5 times a week (OR: 7.86; 95% CI: 2.28-27.05); female sex * physical activity 3 times a week (OR: 7.32; 95% CI: 2.09-25.58); female sex * physical activity 1 or 2 times a week (OR: 14.57; 95% CI: 4.28-49.57); and female sex * no physical activity (OR: 24.17; 95% CI: 7.21-80.97). CONCLUSION: The lower the weekly frequency of physical activity during the period of social distancing was, the greater the chances of having stress levels were, especially for women.
Asunto(s)
COVID-19 , Pandemias , Adulto , Brasil/epidemiología , Estudios Transversales , Ejercicio Físico , Femenino , Humanos , Internet , Masculino , Distanciamiento Físico , SARS-CoV-2RESUMEN
BACKGROUND: Patients with hepatitis C virus (HCV) and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) may or not develop iron overload (IO), which is associated with worst prognosis, because can cause serious damage to organs. HFE gene controls the iron uptake from gut, particularly in patients with hereditary hemochromatosis (HH). AIM: To identify associations between HFE coding region in patients exhibiting hereditary hemochromatosis and in diseases associated with acquired IO. METHODS: We sequenced exons 2 to 5 and boundary introns of HFE gene, evaluating all polymorphic sites in patients presenting hereditary (hemochromatosis) or acquired iron overload HCV and HCC) and in healthy controls, using Sanger sequencing. We also determined the ensemble of extended haplotype in healthy control individuals, including several major histocompatibility complex loci, using sequence specific probes. Haplotype reconstruction was performed using the Arlequin and Phase softwares, and linkage disequilibrium (LD) between histocompatibility loci and HFE gene was performed using the Haploview software. RESULTS: The HFE*003 allele was overrepresented (f = 71%) and HFE*001 allele was underrepresented (f = 14%) in HH patients compared to all groups. A strong linkage disequilibrium was observed among the H63D-G, IVS2(+4)-C and C282Y-G gene variants, particularly in HH; however, the mutation IVS2(+4)T>C was not directly associated with HH susceptibility. The HFE*001/HFE*002 genotype conferred susceptibility to HCC in HCV patients exhibiting IO (P = 0.02, OR = 14.14). Although HFE is telomeric to other histocompatibility genes, the H63D-G/IVS2(+4)-C (P ≤ 0.00001/P ≤ 0.0057) combination was in LD with HLA-B*44 allele group in healthy controls. No LD was observed between HFE alleles and other major histocompatibility loci. CONCLUSION: A differential HFE association was observed for HH and for diseases associated with acquired IO (HCV, HCC). Since HFE is very distant from other histocompatibility loci, only weak associations were observed with these alleles.
RESUMEN
OBJETIVO: Avaliar a fidedignidade de um questionário de comportamento sedentário. MÉTODOS: Estudo transversal realizado com 1.119 escolares, de 9 a 15 anos de idade, de sete escolas públicas de Curitiba, Paraná, Brasil, entre março e dezembro de 2015. O questionário é composto por 13 itens, divididos em cinco aspectos (tempo de tela, educacional, cultural, social e transporte), em que os participantes relatam o tempo gasto em atividades sedentárias (horas e/ou minutos) durante uma semana típica. Para a análise de fidedignidade do questionário, realizaram-se duas aplicações do questionário e o coeficiente de Correlação Intraclasse avaliou a reprodutibilidade, o diagrama de dispersão de Bland Altman, a concordância entre as duas medidas teste-reteste e o alpha de Cronbach, a consistência interna do questionário, adotando-se o nível de significância de 5%. RESULTADOS: O coeficiente de correlação intraclasse e o alpha de Cronbach apresentaram valores maiores que 0,70, sendo maiores nos dias de semana do que nos fins de semana. As duas aplicações do questionário apresentaram uma diferença média de 228,27 minutos/semana, com intervalo de confiança de 95%, de 175,86 a 280,68. O limite de concordância variou de 2.015,33 a 1.558,79 minutos/semana. CONCLUSÃO: O questionário apresentou fidedignidade satisfatória, podendo ser utilizado para mensurar o comportamento sedentário em escolares de 9 a 15 anos de escolas públicas.
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the reliability of a sedentary behavior questionnaire. METHODS: Cross-sectional study with 1,119 students from 9 to 15 years old from seven public schools in Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil, between March and December 2015. The questionnaire consists of 13 items divided into five aspects (screen time, educational, cultural, social and transportation) in which the participants reported time spent in sedentary activities (hours and/or minutes) in a typical week. For the reliability analysis, two applications of the questionnaire were performed and the intraclass correlation coefficient evaluated the reproducibility, BlandAltman scatter plot assessed the concordance between the two test-retest measurements, and Cronbach's alpha, the internal consistency of the questionnaire, adopting 5% as significance level. RESULTS: The intraclass correlation coefficient and Cronbach's alpha presented values greater than 0.70, being higher on weekdays than on weekends. The two applications of the questionnaire presented a mean difference of 228.27 minutes/week, with 95% confidence interval of 175.86 to 280.68. The limits of agreement ranged from 2,015.33 to -1,558.79 minutes/week. CONCLUSION: The questionnaire presented satisfactory reliability and can be used to measure sedentary behavior in students from 9 to 15 years old of public schools.
OBJETIVO: Evaluar la fidedignidad de un cuestionario de conducta sedentaria. MÉTODOS: Estudio transversal realizado con 1.119 escolares entre 9 y 15 años de edad de siete escuelas públicas de Curitiba, Paraná, Brasil, entre marzo y diciembre de 2015. El cuestionario tiene 13 ítems divididos en cinco aspectos (tiempo en la pantalla, educacional, cultural, social y transporte) en el cual los participantes relatan el tiempo gastado en las actividades sedentarias (las horas y/o los minutos) durante una semana típica. Para el análisis de la fidedignidad del cuestionario se realizaron dos aplicaciones del cuestionario. El coeficiente de Correlación Intraclase evaluó la reproductibilidad, el diagrama de dispersión de Bland Altman evaluó la concordancia entre las dos medidas test-retest y el alpha de Cronbach evaluó la consistencia interna del cuestionario adoptándose el nivel de significancia del 5%. RESULTADOS: El coeficiente de correlación intraclase y el alpha de Cronbach presentaron valores mayores que 0,70, siendo mayores en los días de la semana que en los fines de semana. Las dos aplicaciones del cuestionario presentaron una diferencia media de 228,27 minutos/semana con intervalo de confianza del 95%, entre 175,86 y 280,68. El límite de la concordancia ha variado entre 2.015,33 y 1.558,79 minutos/semana. CONCLUSIÓN: El cuestionario presentó la fidedignidad satisfactoria y puede ser utilizado para mensurar la conducta sedentaria de escolares entre 9 y 15 años de escuelas públicas.
Asunto(s)
Estudiantes , Encuestas y Cuestionarios , Reproducibilidad de los Resultados , Conducta SedentariaRESUMEN
Esse estudo teve como objetivo analisar a relação do tempo de exposição ao ambiente universitário com mudanças nos comportamentos relacionados à saúde e indicadores metabólicos em universitários após quatro anos de ingresso no ensino superior. Trata-se de um estudo longitudinal com estudantes de uma Universidade Pública de Curitiba, Paraná, entre 2011 e 2014. A atividade física de lazer foi mensurada por meio do questionário IPAQ versão curta e os comportamentos etilismo e hábitos alimentares foram obtidos por meio do YRBSS. Foram medidos massa corporal, estatura, circunferência de cintura e pressão arterial. Foram avaliados 1197 universitários em 2011 e 455 em 2014. Foi utilizado a regressão linear para verificar a relação do tempo de exposição ao ambiente de graduação com a prática de atividade física, outros comportamentos relacionados à saúde e indicadores metabólicos. O tempo de graduação explicou a variância da prática de AFMV em 16%, o consumo de bebidas alcoólicas em 13% e 14% (consumo em excesso), a medida da cintura em 13%, e a pressão arterial em 9% (sistólica) e 6% (diastólica). Os dados demonstram que o tempo de exposição ao ambiente universitário explica parte da variância nos comportamentos relacionados à saúde e indicadores metabólicos em universitários.
This study aims was to verify the relationship of the exposure time to the university environment with the health-related behaviors and metabolic indicators in college students after four years of entrance in the undergraduate. A longitudinal study was conducted with students from a Public University of Curitiba, Paraná, between 2011 and 2014. The physical activity was measured using the short version IPAQ questionnaire and the behaviors of drinking and eating habits were obtained through of YRBSS. Body mass, height, waist circumference and blood pressure were measured. A total of 1197 college students were evaluated in 2011 and 455 in 2014. Linear regression was used to verify the relationship of the time of exposure to the under graduation environment with the practice of physical activity, and othershealth-related behaviors and metabolic indicators. Undergraduation time explained the AFMV variance in 16%, alcohol consumption in 13% and 14% (binge drink), waist measurement in 13%, and blood pressure in 9% (systolic) and 6% (diastolic). This data demonstrate that the time exposure to the university environment explains part of variance in health-related behaviors and metabolic indicators in college students.
Asunto(s)
Estudiantes , Factores de Riesgo , Estilo de Vida Saludable , Estilo de VidaRESUMEN
The objective of this study was to verify students' and teachers' understanding of the WebCas questionnaire, which aims to assess health-related behaviors. This cross-sectional, descriptive and exploratory survey used the qualitative technique of focus groups with 24 students and 6 teachers. The students highlighted the need to include colorful drawings, to display the segmentation of the day on the computer screen, to provide small explanatory texts in the questionnaire, and to replace terms that are unusual for children. Teachers suggested the inclusion of two images, one representing the male sex and the other representing the female one, and the creation of a scale to represent the intensities of activities, such as the sensation of tiredness, represented by sweat on the skin and hair and reddened skin. This study presented important contributions provided by students and teachers that enabled a better understanding of the WebCas electronic questionnaire in its application with children and adolescents.
O objetivo deste estudo foi verificar a compreensão de escolares e professores em relação ao questionário WebCas destinado para avaliar os comportamentos relacionados à saúde. Esta é uma pesquisa descritiva exploratória de delineamento transversal, utilizando-se da técnica qualitativa de grupos focais realizada com 24 escolares e seis professores. Os escolares destacaram a necessidade da inclusão de de-senhos coloridos, a segmentação do dia na tela do computador, a inclusão de pequenos textos explicativos e de termos pouco usuais para as crianças. Os professores destacaram a inclusão de duas figuras, uma representando o sexo masculino e outra o feminino e, ainda a criação de uma escala para representar as intensidades das atividades, como: sensação de cansaço, representada pelo suor na pele e no cabelo e pele avermelhada. Este estudo apresentou importantes contribuições dos escolares e professores que permitiram uma melhor compreensão do questionário eletrônico WebCas na sua aplicação com crianças e adolescentes.
Asunto(s)
Estudiantes , Encuestas y Cuestionarios , Estilo de Vida SaludableRESUMEN
This study aimed to verify the prevalence and characteristics of sports injuries (SI) and determine the association between the physical activity level (PA) and SI with perception of health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in Brazilian basketball master athletes. A cross-sectional study was conducted with 410 male master athletes, between 35 and 85 years of age (mean 52.26, SD ±11.83). The HRQoL was assessed using the Medical Outcomes Study - Short Form-36. The PA was evaluated using the International Physical Activity Questionnaire. Information regarding SI was collected using the Reported Morbidity Survey. Poisson regression, as estimated by the prevalence ratio (PR), was used as a measure of the association of PA and SI with HRQoL. The majority of athletes showed a high SI prevalence (58.3%) and reported one injury (67.8%) that occurred during training (61.1%) and primarily affected a lower limb (74.6%). The adjusted regression models showed a positive association of PA with the Functional Capacity (PR = 1.46, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.12-1.90) and Physical Component (PR = 1.32, 95% CI = 1.03-1.70) of HRQoL. Furthermore, the SI were negatively associated with HRQoL in Functional Capacity (PR = 1.85, 95% CI = 1.51-2.27), Physical Aspects (PR = 3.99, 95% CI = 3.08-5.18), Pain (PR = 1.65, 95% CI = 1.26-2.16), Social Functioning (PR = 1.79, 95% CI = 1.41-2.27), Emotional Aspects (PR = 4.40, 95% CI = 3.35-5.78), Mental Health domains (PR = 1.37, 95% CI = 1.06-1.68), Physical Component (PR = 2.35, 95% CI = 1.90-2.90) and Mental Component (PR = 2.65, 95% CI = 2.14-3.29). These results highlighted that master athletes showed a high SI prevalence, primarily in the lower limbs. PA positively correlates with the physical HRQoL domain, whereas SI may decrease the HRQoL levels of both physical and mental domains.
Asunto(s)
Atletas , Traumatismos en Atletas , Baloncesto , Ejercicio Físico , Estado de Salud , Salud Mental , Calidad de Vida , Actividades Cotidianas , Adulto , Anciano , Anciano de 80 o más Años , Traumatismos en Atletas/epidemiología , Brasil , Estudios Transversales , Emociones , Humanos , Relaciones Interpersonales , Extremidad Inferior , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Dolor , Prevalencia , Encuestas y CuestionariosRESUMEN
INTRODUCTION: inadequate food intake can compromise the cardiovascular health, which increases the chances of developing a number of diseases. The relation of inadequate intake of food and certain cardiovascular risk factors in young adult populations are not clear. OBJECTIVE: the objective of this study was to investigate the association between eating habits of college students, excess body weight, high blood pressure and regular physical activity. METHODS: cross sectional study was conducted with students from a Brazilian federal university. Were evaluated 1 599 students between 18 and 25 years old. An interview was conducted and included sociodemographic variables and the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ). Was evaluated body composition (weight, height, calculate the BMI, and waist circumference (WC)). Eating habits and cardiovascular risk behaviors were evaluated by YRBSS -C (Youth Risk Behavior Surveillance). RESULTS: using the chi-square test was identified association between binge drink, consumption of fruits and consumption of salads / vegetables with regular physical activity. There was also an association between consumption of sweet and savory foods, with BMI and waist circumference high. The Logistic regression showed association between sweets intake (odds = 1.34) and savory foods (odds = 1.39) with high BMI. The analysis also showed an association between candy consumption (odds = 1.33), and savory consumption (odds = 1.74) with waist circumference. There was a relationship between MVPA and the binge drink (odds = 1.23), fruits consumption (1.46), and consumption of salads / vegetables (odds = 1.49). Thus, there was an association between the eating habits of college students with excess body weight as well as with regular physical activity.
Introducción: la ingestión inadecuada de alimentos puede comprometer la salud cardiovascular de la persona, lo que aumenta las posibilidades de desarrollar una serie de enfermedades. La relación entre la ingesta dietética inadecuada y ciertos factores de riesgo cardiovascular en poblaciones de adultos jóvenes no está clara. Objetivos: el objetivo de este estudio fue investigar la asociación entre los hábitos alimentarios de los estudiantes universitarios, el exceso de peso corporal, la presión arterial alta y la actividad física regular. Material y métodos: se realizó un estudio de corte transversal analítico en estudiantes de una universidad federal brasileña. Se incluyeron 1.599 estudiantes de entre 18 y 25 años. Se aplicó una encuesta tipo entrevista que incluía variables sociodemográficas y el Cuestionario Internacional de Actividad Física (IPAQ). Posteriormente, se realizó la valoración de la composición corporal (talla, peso, índice de masa corporal (IMC), circunferencia de la cintura (CC)). Los hábitos alimentarios y las conductas de riesgo cardiovascular se evaluaron mediante el cuestionario YRBSS-C (Youth Risk Behavior Surveillance). Resultados: utilizando la prueba de chi-cuadrado, se encontró una asociación entre el consumo excesivo de alcohol, el consumo de frutas y el consumo de ensaladas/ verduras con actividad física regular. También se observó la asociación entre el consumo de dulces y salados, con el IMC y la circunferencia de la cintura alta. La regresión logística mostró asociación entre la ingesta de dulces (odds = 1,34) y salados (odds = 1,39) con el IMC alto. También mostró asociación con la circunferencia de la cintura, el consumo de dulces (odds = 1,33) y salados (odds = 1,74). La AFMV estaba relacionada con el consumo excesivo de alcohol (odds = 1,23), el consumo de frutas (1,46) y el consumo de ensaladas/verduras (odds = 1,49). De este modo, se comprobó la asociación entre la conducta alimentaria de los estudiantes universitarios con exceso de peso corporal y la actividad física regular.
Asunto(s)
Ejercicio Físico , Conducta Alimentaria , Sobrepeso/epidemiología , Sobrepeso/etiología , Estudiantes , Universidades , Adolescente , Adulto , Presión Sanguínea , Peso Corporal , Brasil/epidemiología , Estudios Transversales , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Obesidad/epidemiología , Obesidad/etiología , Oportunidad Relativa , Circunferencia de la Cintura , Adulto JovenRESUMEN
The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between physiological, anthropometric, strength, and muscle power variables and a 5-km time trial (5kmT) in young runners. Twenty-three runners volunteered to participate in this study. Height, body mass, body fat, and fat-free mass (FFM) were measured. The subjects underwent laboratory testing to determine maximal oxygen uptake ((Equation is included in full-text article.)), velocity at ventilatory threshold (VVT), running economy (RE), velocity associated with maximal oxygen uptake ((Equation is included in full-text article.)), and peak velocity (PV). Peak torque, total work, and power were measured by an isokinetic dynamometer at 60°·s(-1) and 240°·s(-1) angular velocities. Right and left knee flexor and extensor torques were evaluated. Finally, the participants performed a 5kmT. Multiple regression and correlation analysis were used to determine the variables that significantly related to 5kmT. Strength and muscle power variables did not correlate with 5kmT. However, most physiological variables were associated with 5kmT. Velocity at ventilatory threshold alone explains 40% of the variance in 5kmT. The addition of the RE at speed 11.2 km·h(-1) (RE11.2) and FFM to the prediction equation allowed for 71% of the adjusted variance in 5kmT to be predicted. These results show that strength and muscle power variables are not good predictors of 5kmT; however, the physiological variables presented high prediction capacity in the 5kmT. Moreover, the anthropometric measures showed significant influence in performance prediction.
Asunto(s)
Rendimiento Atlético/fisiología , Pesos y Medidas Corporales , Fuerza Muscular , Músculo Esquelético/fisiología , Carrera/fisiología , Adiposidad , Adolescente , Estatura , Peso Corporal , Humanos , Rodilla , Masculino , Consumo de Oxígeno , Torque , Adulto JovenRESUMEN
O presente estudo teve como objetivo verificar a relação do índice de massa corporal - IMC com a flexibilidade, resistência abdominal e VO2máx.A amostra foi constituída por 309 estudantes do sexo masculino, entre 10 e 16 anos de idade, pertencentes a duas escolas públicas de Curitiba-PR. Foram medidas a estatura e a massa corporal para o cálculo do IMC. Os testes de flexibilidade e resistência abdominal foram empregadosconforme os protocolos do PROESP. A aptidão cardiorrespiratória foi avaliada através do teste de 12 minutos de Cooper. Foram utilizadasanálises descritivas para a apresentação dos dados e a correlação de Pearson para verificar a relação entre as variáveis analisadas. Utilizouseo programa estatístico SPSS 18.0, versão demonstração, em nível de significância de 5%. Os resultados demonstraram uma correlaçãosignificativa inversa do IMC com a resistência abdominal (r = -0,242; p= 0,0001) e com o Vo2máx (r = -0,223; p = 0,0001), contudo, não foiencontrada relação significativa entre o IMC e a flexibilidade (r=0,071; p=0,81). Observando tais resultados, nota-se que a obesidade podecontribuir para a diminuição dos níveis de aptidão física dos indivíduos jovens, que, por sua vez, acarreta em uma condição inferior de saúdee qualidade de vida.
This study aimed to examine the relationship between body mass index (BMI) and the flexibility, abdominal endurance and VO2máx. The sampleconsisted of 309 male students aged between 10 and 16 years, from state schools in Curitiba-PR. BMI was calculated according to height andbody mass. The flexibility and abdominal tests were performed according to the PROESP protocols. Cardiorespiratory capacity was assessedby 12-minute Cooper testing. Descriptive analysis was used for the presentation of data and Pearson correlation to investigate the relationshipbetween the variables, using SPSS 18.0 program with a significance level at p<0.05. Although a significant inverse correlation was observedbetween BMI and abdominal endurance (r = -0.242, p= 0.0001) and VO2máx (r= -0.223, p= 0.0001), no significant relationship was observedbetween BMI and flexibility (p= 0.81). Thus, it is concluded that obesity may contribute to decreased levels of physical fitness of youngindividuals, leading to a lower health status and quality of life.
RESUMEN
OBJECTIVE: To analyze the association between physical activity (PA) and biological maturation in children and adolescents. DATA SOURCE: We conducted a systematic review in April 2013 in the electronic databases of PubMed/Medline, SportDiscus, Web of Science and Lilacs without time restrictions. A total of 628 articles potentially relevant were identified and 10 met the inclusion criteria for this review: cross-sectional or longitudinal studies, published in Portuguese, English or Spanish, with schoolchildren aged 9-15 year old of both sexes. DATA SYNTHESIS: Despite the heterogeneity of the studies, there was an inverse association between PA and biological maturation. The PA decreases with increased biological and chronological age in both sexes. Boys tend to be more physically active than girls; however, when controlling for biological age, the sex differences disappear. The association between PA and timing of maturation varies between the sexes. Variation in the timing of biological maturation affects the tracking of PA in early adolescent girls. This review suggests that mediators (BMI, depression, low self-esteem, and concerns about body weight) can explain the association between PA and biological maturation. CONCLUSIONS: There is a relationship between PA and biological maturation. PA decreases with increasing biological age with no differences between sexes. As for the timing of biological maturation, this relationship varies between sexes.
Asunto(s)
Desarrollo Infantil , Ejercicio Físico , Crecimiento , Adolescente , Niño , Femenino , Humanos , MasculinoRESUMEN
BACKGROUND: The aim of this systematic review was to identify the most optimal step-count cutoff for children and adolescents (5-19 years old) among guidelines currently available in the literature. METHODS: The databases searched were PubMed, SportDiscus, Science Direct, Web of Science and LILACS. Studies were categorized into Health Cohort studies or Physical Activity (PA) Cohort studies according to the reference standard used. The quality of the studies was assessed using the QUADAS-2 instrument. RESULTS: Six Health and 3 PA Cohort studies were included in the final pool of papers after Full Text reading. With the exception of a single study, studies demonstrated a high risk of methodological bias in at least 1 of the QUADAS-2 domains. Guidelines ranged from 10,000 to 16,000 steps/day for the Health studies (5-16 years old), and from 9,000 to 14,000 steps/day for PA studies (6-19 years old). Due to the high risk of methodological bias, none of the Health Cohort guidelines were endorsed. The PA Cohort study with the lowest risk of methodological bias suggested 12,000 steps/day for children and adolescents irrespective of gender. CONCLUSION: PA Cohort studies demonstrated lower risk of methodological bias than Health Cohort studies. The optimal youth step-count guideline of 12,000 steps/day was endorsed.
Asunto(s)
Acondicionamiento Físico Humano/métodos , Caminata/fisiología , Adolescente , Niño , Estudios de Cohortes , Femenino , Humanos , MasculinoRESUMEN
BACKGROUND: The aim of this study was to correlate glycemic control (GC) and variables of physical activity levels (PAL) in children with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM). METHODS: Fifty children and adolescents with T1DM were selected. Personal and medical data for the patients were collected. Physical evaluations of body weight and sexual maturation were undertaken. Bouchard's questionnaire was applied to evaluate PAL as well as for time spent on physical activities. RESULTS: Sixty-four percent of the subjects were sexually mature. Differences were observed between females and males in insulin dose, duration of light physical activity, and sleeping time (P < .05). Ninety percent presented poor GC and 80% had a low PAL. Fasting blood glucose (FBG) was significantly correlated with PAL, with sedentary time, and with sleeping time. Glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) was significantly correlated with sedentary time and sleeping time. Among the three groups of PAL (insufficient × moderate × active) there were differences in HbA1c (%), FBG (mg/dL), duration of disease (years), and insulin dose (UI/kg/day) (P < 0.001). CONCLUSION: GC was significantly correlated with PAL. Among the three groups of physical activity level, the most active group was seen to have the best GC.
Asunto(s)
Glucemia/análisis , Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 1/sangre , Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 1/fisiopatología , Ejercicio Físico , Hemoglobina Glucada/análisis , Adolescente , Niño , Femenino , Humanos , Hiperglucemia/diagnóstico , Insulina/administración & dosificación , Masculino , Sueño/fisiología , Encuestas y CuestionariosRESUMEN
This study examined whether the weekly volume and frequency of moderate to vigorous physical activity (MVPA) and light walking (LW) were associated with quality of life (QOL) domains of 1,806 older women from Brazil. The WHOQOL-BREF and WHOQOL-OLD instruments were used to measure QOL, while the weekly volume and frequency of MVPA and LW were assessed by IPAQ. An ordinal logistic regression was used as a measure of association. The weekly volumes of MVPA and LW were associated with several domains of QOL. Higher frequency of MVPA was associated with better scores in 10 QOL domains. The weekly frequency of LW, in turn, was associated with all QOL domains. In conclusion, promoting active transport and encouraging physical activity in older adults, for at least 150 min and distributed several days per week, help to increase QOL.
Asunto(s)
Actividad Motora , Calidad de Vida , Adaptación Psicológica , Anciano , Anciano de 80 o más Años , Brasil , Estudios Transversales , Demografía , Femenino , Humanos , Persona de Mediana Edad , Psicometría , Encuestas y Cuestionarios , Caminata/fisiologíaRESUMEN
OBJECTIVE: To identify sociodemographic and behavioral factors associated with abdominal obesity (AO) and high body fat percentage (high BF%) in adolescents from the city of Curitiba-PR. METHODS: The sample consisted of 1,732 adolescents, aged 11 to 19 years, of both genders. The triceps and calf skinfolds were measured for the calculation of BF%, as well as the waist circumference. A questionnaire was completed by adolescents with the following type of residence, socioeconomic status, time spent watching TV on weekdays and weekends, and daily energy expenditure. Logistic regression was used to measure the association of sociodemographic and behavioral variables with abdominal obesity and high BF%. RESULTS: Female were more likely to have high BF% (OR: 2.73; 95% CI: 2.32-3.33), but were less likely to have abdominal obesity (OR: 0.58; 95% CI: 0.44-0.78). Older individuals (16-19 have high BF% (OR: 1.36; 95% CI: 1.02-1.83). The older age groups (13-15 years and 16-19 years) had an inverse association with abdominal obesity. Regarding daily energy expenditure, the less active individuals were more likely to present high BF% (OR: 1.36; 95% CI: 1.07-1.71) and obesity (OR: 1.40; 95% CI: 1.09-1.80). CONCLUSIONS: Interventions to increase physical activity levels in young people should be designed in order to combat excess body fat should designed to combat excess adiposity.
Asunto(s)
Adiposidad , Conducta del Adolescente , Obesidad Abdominal/epidemiología , Obesidad Infantil/epidemiología , Adolescente , Niño , Estudios Transversales , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Factores Socioeconómicos , Adulto JovenRESUMEN
OBJECTIVE: To describe the percentile values for body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC) and waist-to-height (WHtR) of children from Colombo, Brazil, and compare them with data of children from other countries. METHODS: This was a cross-sectional study with a random sample of 2,035 children aged 6-11 years. Age-and sex-specific smoothed percentiles curves for BMI, WC and WHtR were created using the LMS method. Values of 10(th), 50(th) and 90(th) percentiles from Brazilian children were compared with data from other countries. RESULTS: There was a trend of increasing BMI and WC with age in both sexes. WHtR remained constant with advancing age in boys and girls. Comparison of the growth pattern among countries showed clear differences. Southern Brazil boys and girls had elevated 90(th) percentile values for BMI, which was similar to German children and higher than the North American and World Health Organization percentile values. However, children from this study had intermediate values for WC and WHtR in comparison to children from other countries. CONCLUSIONS: Elevated BMI values were observed among southern Brazilian children, but WC and WHtR percentile values were lower in southern Brazilian children than in children from other countries. Interventions at different levels should be made to avoid a probable increase of nutritional disorders (especially general obesity) in the next years.
Asunto(s)
Estatura , Índice de Masa Corporal , Circunferencia de la Cintura , Brasil , Niño , Estudios Transversales , Femenino , Humanos , Internacionalidad , MasculinoRESUMEN
Relacionar o somatório de dobras cutâneas com a pressão arterial sistêmica em adolescentes da rede pública. Métodos: Estudo transversal realizado com 543 adolescentes da rede pública de ensino de Curitiba-PR-Brasil, com idade entre 11 e 17 anos e independente do sexo, no período de agosto de 2010 a junho de 2011. Mediu-se peso corporal, estatura e dobras cutâneas (triciptal, subescapular, suprailiaca, abdominal e panturrilha). Mensurou-se a pressão arterial sistólica (PAS) e diastólica (PAD) através do método auscultatório, em duplicata. Realizou-se uma nova avaliação no dia posterior à primeira coleta nos adolescentes identificados com pré-hipertensão ou hipertensão. Utilizou-se a correlação parcial como medida de associação entre as variáveis, considerando estatura e idade como variáveis de controle. As análises foram estratificadas por sexo e o nível de significância foi de 5%. Resultados: Entre adolescentes do sexo masculino, o somatório de dobras cutâneas teve uma correlação com a PAS e a PAD de 0,18 (p<0,01) e 0,14 (p<0,05), respectivamente. Entre adolescentes do sexo feminino, a correlação do somatório de dobras cutâneas com a PAS e PAD foi de 0,15 (p<0,01) e 0,19 (p<0,01), respectivamente. Da amostra total, 9,2% (n=50) foram considerados pré-hipertensos e 7,6% (n=41) hipertensos. Conclusão: O somatório de dobras cutâneas apresentou relação direta com pressão arterial sistêmica nos adolescentes investigados...
To relate the sum of skinfolds to systemic blood pressure in adolescents attending public schools. Methods: Cross-sectional study conducted with 543 adolescents from public schools of Curitiba-PR-Brazil, aged between 11 and 17 years, regardless of sex, in the period from August 2010 to June 2011. Body weight, height and skinfolds (triceps, subscapular, suprailiac, abdominal and calf) were measured. Systolic (SBP) and diastolic (DBP) blood pressure were determined by duplicate auscultatory method. A new evaluation was performed the day after the first collection in adolescents identified with pre-hypertension or hypertension. Partial correlation was used as a measure of association between variables, considering height and age as control variables. Analyses were stratified by sex and the level of significance was set at 5%. Results: Among male adolescents, the sum of skinfolds presented a correlation to SBP and DBP of 0.18 (p<0.01) and 0.14 (p<0.05), respectively. Among female adolescents, the correlation of the sum of skinfolds to SBP and DBP was 0.15 (p <0.01) and 0.19 (p <0.01), respectively. Of the total sample, 9.2% (n=50) were prehypertensive and 7.6% (n=41) were hypertensive. Conclusion: the sum of skinfolds were directly related to the systemic blood pressure of the adolescents assessed...
Relacionar el total de pliegues cutáneos y la presión arterial sistémica de adolescentes de la red pública. Métodos: Estudio transversal realizado con 543 adolescentes de la red pública de enseñanza de Curitiba-PR-Brasil, con edad entre los 11 y 17 años y independiente del sexo en el período entre agosto de 2010 y junio de 2011. Se medio el peso corporal, la estatura y los pliegues cutáneos (triciptal, subescapular, suprailíaco, abdominal y pantorrilla). Se mensuro dos veces la presiónarterial sistólica (PAS) y diastólica (PAD) a través del método auscultatorio. Se realizó una nueva evaluación el día después de la primera en los adolescentes identificados con pre-hipertensión o hipertensión elevada. Se utilizó la correlación parcial como medida de asociación de variables, considerando estatura y edad como variables control. Los análisis fueron estratificados por sexo y el nivel de significación fue del 5%. Resultados: El total de pliegues cutáneos entre los adolescentes del sexo masculino se correlacionó con la PAS y la PAD en 0,18 (p<0,01) y 0,14 (p<0,05), respectivamente. La correlación del total de pliegues cutáneos com la PAS y PAD de los adolescentes del sexo femenino fue de 0,15 (p<0,01) e 0,19 (p<0,01), respectivamente. De toda la muestra, el 9,2% (n=50) fueron considerados pre-hipertensos y el 7,6% (n=41) hipertensos. Conclusión: El total de pliegues cutâneos presentó relación directa con la presión arterial sistémica de los adolescentes investigados...