RESUMEN
In this study, the immunoconcepts EA indirect enzyme antibody technique (colorzyme) was used not only for detection of IgG antibodies but also for quantitative detection of IgM antibodies to Herpes Simplex virus (HSV), Cytomegalovirus (CMV) and Epstein Barr Virus (EBV) to diagnose recent iactivei infection. Reference reactive and negative antisera and randomly collected human sera were tested by complement fixation test (CFT) against HSV antigens and tested also by immunofluorescent (IF) and colorzyme Immunoconcepts EA tests. All sera that were negative to HSV, CMV and EBV antibodies by CFT were negative by IF and colorzyme EA tests. All antibody positive sera and reference positive antisera were also positive by IF and colorzyme EA tests with slight variation in antibody titres between CFT and colorzyme test results. Human sera which were negative or IgM positive to HSV, CMV and EBV by ELISA as well as negative and positive reference sera from different diagnostic kits were retested by IF and colorzyme EA for IgM antiviral reactivity results were concordance by the three rests. All incubations in colorzyme test were at room temperature and only an ordinary microscope used in IF test or plate washers and readers needed for ELISA test. The colorzyme immunoconcepts is a simple, rapid and sensitive for viral diagnosis and can be used in any private laboratory.
Asunto(s)
Anticuerpos Antivirales/sangre , Técnica del Anticuerpo Fluorescente Indirecta/métodos , Infecciones por Herpesviridae/diagnóstico , Herpesviridae/inmunología , Inmunoglobulina G/sangre , Inmunoglobulina M/sangre , Pruebas de Fijación del Complemento , Ensayo de Inmunoadsorción Enzimática , Infecciones por Herpesviridae/sangre , Infecciones por Herpesviridae/inmunología , Humanos , Técnicas para InmunoenzimasRESUMEN
Two females, one 28 years old and the other 32 years old, developed dusky red macules with pain and a burning sensation within 24 hours of receiving influenza vaccine. One patient had blisters within the lesion. A clinical diagnosis of fixed drug eruption (FDE) due to influenza vaccine was made. Histopathology was consistent with the diagnosis of FDE. The lesions subsided within 2 weeks of topical corticosteroid treatment. The diagnosis was confirmed by topical provocation test with influenza vaccine. A Medline search revealed these cases to be the second report of this kind of reaction due to influenza vaccine.
Asunto(s)
Erupciones por Medicamentos/etiología , Vacunas contra la Influenza/efectos adversos , Parapsoriasis/etiología , Adulto , Erupciones por Medicamentos/diagnóstico , Femenino , HumanosRESUMEN
A total of 305 consecutive Kuwaiti children with psoriasis were studied for clinical features and 50 children were tissue typed for HLA class I and class II antigens. The salient features of psoriasis in these children included: female preponderance (M : F ratio, 1:1.5); peak age of onset between 2 and 8 years; scalp as the most common site of onset (30%); scalp and extensors of legs as commonly affected sites (52.5% each); plaque psoriasis the most common clinical type (89%); and a positive family history of psoriasis in 34% of the patients. Kuwaiti children with psoriasis showed a significant association with HLA-A3, Cw1, and DR7 antigens and those with a positive family history of psoriasis had a significant association with HLA-DR8 antigen.
Asunto(s)
Antígenos HLA/análisis , Psoriasis/inmunología , Biomarcadores , Niño , Preescolar , Femenino , Prueba de Histocompatibilidad , Humanos , Lactante , Kuwait , Masculino , Psoriasis/genética , Psoriasis/patologíaAsunto(s)
Alopecia/diagnóstico , Alopecia/etiología , Alopecia/patología , Niño , Diagnóstico Diferencial , HumanosRESUMEN
BACKGROUND: Abnormal immune mechanisms are thought to be important in the pathogenesis of lichen planus (LP). This is a study to clarify the changes that occur in T lymphocytes and T lymphocyte subsets, both in situ and in peripheral blood. METHODS: A group of 100 patients with LP were included in this study. T lymphocytes and T lymphocyte subsets were detected in lesional skin by immunoperoxidase cell surface staining using monoclonal antibodies. Peripheral T lymphocytes and T lymphocyte subsets were also detected by indirect immunofluorescence using monoclonal antibodies. A group of 10 normal healthy subjects were used as controls. RESULTS: The study of the lesional T lymphocytes and T lymphocyte subsets demonstrated that helper T cells was the predominant subset in LP lesions in most of the patients. This predominance was evident irrespective of the duration of the disease and was more evident in late than in early lesions. The percentage of both total T lymphocytes and helper T cells in peripheral blood was decreased significantly in patients compared with controls. A significant decrease in helper T cells and the helper/cytotoxic T cell ratio was detected in patients with a longer duration of the disease. CONCLUSION: Activation of helper T lymphocytes that were found to be the predominant subsets in LP lesions may be responsible for epidermotropic cellular infiltrates leading to damage and destruction of epidermal cells.
Asunto(s)
Liquen Plano/inmunología , Recuento de Linfocitos , Piel/inmunología , Subgrupos de Linfocitos T , Adolescente , Adulto , Niño , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana EdadRESUMEN
BACKGROUND: Although the basement membrane (BM) phenomenon is considered a good test to differentiate between systemic (SLE) and discoid lupus erythematosus (DLE), our observations question its reliability. METHODS: Direct immunofluorescence stain was done to detect immunoglobulins and complement deposits in 10 SLE patients and in 10 healthy controls. Specimens were taken from the normal skin of the dorsa of hands. RESULTS: The group of SLE patients showed deposits of IgG in 4, IgM in 7, IgA in 1, C3 in 7, and C4 in 1 patient. The group of healthy controls showed IgM in 2, C3 in 5, C4 in 2 cases, but no IgG or IgA deposits. CONCLUSION: A positive BM phenomenon test could be found in normal individuals and may be due to the effect of ultraviolet rays. We think that the BM phenomenon has a limited reliability in diagnosing SLE.
Asunto(s)
Inmunoglobulina G/metabolismo , Inmunoglobulina M/metabolismo , Lupus Eritematoso Sistémico/diagnóstico , Piel/inmunología , Membrana Basal/inmunología , Membrana Basal/patología , Complemento C3/metabolismo , Diagnóstico Diferencial , Técnica del Anticuerpo Fluorescente , Humanos , Lupus Eritematoso Discoide/diagnóstico , Lupus Eritematoso Sistémico/inmunología , Lupus Eritematoso Sistémico/patología , Piel/patologíaRESUMEN
HLA polymorphisms of class I and class II MHC were investigated in 40 Kuwaiti vitiligo patients and in 40 controls using microcytotoxicity assay. HLA-B21, Cw6 and DR53 were increased significantly in patients compared to controls (P = 0.00001, 0.00001 and P = 0.0053 respectively) while HLA-A19, DR52, were significantly decreased (P = 0.00236, 0.05, respectively). Total T-cells, T4 and T8 were measured as CD2, CD4 and CD8 respectively by flow cytometry. Vitiligo patients showed significant increase in CD4 compared to controls (P = 0.03). Our findings suggest that HLA-B21 and Cw6 and DR53, are susceptible genes of vitiligo, while A19 and DR52 are protective genes in the Kuwaiti population.
Asunto(s)
Genes MHC Clase II , Genes MHC Clase I , Antígenos HLA/genética , Subgrupos de Linfocitos T , Vitíligo/inmunología , Susceptibilidad a Enfermedades/etnología , Susceptibilidad a Enfermedades/inmunología , Frecuencia de los Genes , Predisposición Genética a la Enfermedad , Antígenos HLA/inmunología , Antígenos HLA-B/genética , Antígenos HLA-C/genética , Humanos , Inmunofenotipificación , Kuwait/epidemiología , Factores de Riesgo , Vitíligo/etnología , Vitíligo/genéticaAsunto(s)
Fototerapia , Psoriasis/terapia , Niño , Preescolar , Humanos , Lactante , Resultado del TratamientoRESUMEN
One hundred ninety cases of childhood (age birth-12 yrs) psoriasis constituted 0.3% of the total of new dermatologic outpatients. Girls outnumbered boys by a ratio of 1.5:1. Plaque psoriasis was the commonest clinical variant (84%), followed by guttate psoriasis. The scalp was the most common site of onset (22%). Sites predominantly affected later were the extensor surfaces of the legs and the scalp (63% and 53%, respectively). A majority of the children had a milder form of disease. Nail involvement was seen in 36%, with pitting the most common feature (87%). Seven percent had mucosal involvement. A positive family history of psoriasis was obtained in 28%. Topical therapy (coal tar, anthralin, steroids) was the main treatment in the majority of patients (92%). Sixteen patients (8%) required more aggressive intervention (ultraviolet B, psoralin-UVA, retinoids). This is the first study of this kind from the Middle East, the findings are compared with those reported from other parts of the world.
Asunto(s)
Psoriasis/epidemiología , Distribución por Edad , Niño , Preescolar , Femenino , Encuestas Epidemiológicas , Humanos , Lactante , Kuwait/epidemiología , Masculino , Uñas/patología , Psoriasis/patología , Distribución por SexoRESUMEN
BACKGROUND: Tinea capitis in children is widely reported, whereas there have been only isolated reports on involvement of sites other than the scalp. The purpose of this study was to examine the epidemiological features and treatment responses of dermatophytosis of children in Kuwait. METHODS: Epidemiological features and the treatment responses of 202 consecutive children with dermatophytosis were studied. RESULTS: The 202 children constituted 44% of the total dermatophytic infections seen during a period of 1 year. Tinea capitis was the most commonly encountered infection (78%), followed by tinea corporis, tinea faciei, tinea cruris and manus, respectively. Microsporum canis was the most prevalent species (96%) in this region. A history of pets at home could be elicited in 52% of the cases. A familial occurrence of similar infections was seen in 56% of the patients. In patients with tinea capitis, addition of topical clotrimazole or ketoconazole to oral griseofulvin produced better therapeutic results compared to griseofulvin alone or in combination with selenium sulfide shampoo. CONCLUSIONS: Tinea capitis is the most common dermatophytic infection in children. Thirty percent of the children may have dermatophytosis at sites other than the scalp. A combination of topical clotrimazole or ketoconazole with oral griseofulvin is superior to griseofulvin alone or in combination with selenium sulfide shampoo in the treatment of tinea capitis.
Asunto(s)
Dermatomicosis/epidemiología , Animales , Animales Domésticos , Niño , Preescolar , Clotrimazol/administración & dosificación , Clotrimazol/uso terapéutico , Dermatomicosis/microbiología , Dermatomicosis/patología , Quimioterapia Combinada , Salud de la Familia , Femenino , Griseofulvina/administración & dosificación , Griseofulvina/uso terapéutico , Humanos , Lactante , Cetoconazol/administración & dosificación , Cetoconazol/uso terapéutico , Kuwait/epidemiología , Masculino , Microsporum/clasificación , Microsporum/aislamiento & purificación , Estudios Prospectivos , Tiña/epidemiología , Tiña/microbiología , Tiña/patología , Tiña del Cuero Cabelludo/tratamiento farmacológico , Tiña del Cuero Cabelludo/epidemiología , Tiña del Cuero Cabelludo/patología , Resultado del Tratamiento , Trichophyton/clasificación , Trichophyton/aislamiento & purificaciónRESUMEN
Four patients suffering from pigmented actinic lichen planus were studied. Clinically, the lesions are melasma-like, affecting mainly the face and exacerbating in summer and spring time. The histopathologic and immunofluorescence studies showed typical changes of actinic lichen planus. The possibility of pigmented actinic lichen planus should be considered in every patient with facial melanosis.
Asunto(s)
Dermatosis Facial/patología , Liquen Plano/patología , Melanosis/patología , Adulto , Niño , Femenino , Técnica del Anticuerpo Fluorescente , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Piel/patologíaRESUMEN
Five hundred fifty-six children constituted 39.5% of total smear- and culture-positive cases of dermatophytosis and 0.6% of the total new dermatology outpatients seen over a period of five years. Males outnumbered females. The youngest child was a 20-day-old neonate (age range 20 days-12 yrs) with a peak of fungal infections seen in patients between 4 and 6 years of age. Microsporum canis was the most prevalent (70.5%) species, followed by Trichophyton violaceum, Microsporum audouinii, Trichophyton rubrum, and Epidermophyton floccosum. Rarely, other species were also isolated. Tinea capitis was the most common (73.7%) clinical type, followed by tinea corporis (19.1%), tinea faciei (3.4%), tinea cruris (3.4%), tinea pedis (0.9%), tinea unguium (0.9%), and tinea manus (0.2%). No racial variations were observed; however, the predominant species differed with the clinical types.
Asunto(s)
Dermatomicosis/epidemiología , Factores de Edad , Niño , Preescolar , Dermatomicosis/microbiología , Femenino , Humanos , Lactante , Recién Nacido , Kuwait/epidemiología , Masculino , Prevalencia , Factores SexualesRESUMEN
Twenty-four patients suffering from single or multiple lesions of cutaneous leishmaniasis were included in this study. Most of the lesions were on the extremities. The patients were randomly divided into two groups. Most of the patients in the first group who were given oral itraconazole for a period of 6-8 weeks showed excellent clinical response. On the other hand, only one patient in the second control group who was given placebo showed good clinical improvement. Systemically administered itraconazole may prove to be a valuable modality for the treatment of cutaneous leishmaniasis.
Asunto(s)
Antifúngicos/uso terapéutico , Cetoconazol/análogos & derivados , Leishmaniasis Cutánea/tratamiento farmacológico , Administración Oral , Adolescente , Adulto , Antifúngicos/administración & dosificación , Cápsulas , Niño , Femenino , Humanos , Itraconazol , Cetoconazol/administración & dosificación , Cetoconazol/uso terapéutico , Kuwait , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , PlacebosRESUMEN
A 10-year-old girl had two localized psoriasiform plaques at birth. Subsequently, she developed generalized, asymptomatic, scaly plaques arranged in linear bands and streaks along the lines of Blaschko. The morphologic and histopathologic features, the clinical course, and HLA (CW6,A2) association were characteristic of psoriasis. Although rare, true linear psoriasis exists.