RESUMEN
OBJECTIVE: To determine whether objectively applied ultrasonographic interpretive criteria are statistically useful in differentiating among 7 defined categories of diffuse liver disease in dogs and cats. SAMPLE POPULATION: Ultrasonographic images of 229 dogs and 104 cats. PROCEDURES: Liver parenchymal or related sonographic criteria established by the authors were retrospectively and independently applied by 3 radiologists who were not aware of patient status or patient laboratory data. Seven histologic or cytologic categories of diffuse (infiltrative but not nodular) liver diseases were jointly established by the authors and included normal liver; inflammation; round-cell neoplasia; non-round-cell infiltrative, prenodular (early) metastatic neoplasia; lipidosis; vacuolar hepatopathy; and other. Liver parenchymal sonographic criteria included parenchymal sound attenuation with increasing depth, comparative organ echogenicity (liver, spleen, and kidneys), diffuse or patchy hyperechoic or hypoechoic echotexture, uniform or coarse echotexture, portal venous clarity, and liver lobe geometry. Related extrahepatic criteria included gallbladder wall thickness, bile duct diameter, amount and character of gallbladder precipitate, nondependent shadowing in the gallbladder, hepatic vein diameter versus caudal vena cava diameter, peritoneal fluid, spleen echotexture (normal vs abnormal [characterized]), and kidney echotexture. Ultrasonographic criteria were statistically compared to the 7 categories of diffuse liver disease in search of clinically exploitable relationships. RESULTS: Statistical evaluation of the applied ultrasonographic criteria did not yield clinically acceptable accuracy for discrimination among the 7 categories of diffuse liver diseases (including normal liver) in either species. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Criterion-based ultrasonographic appearance was insufficient to discriminate among canine and feline diffuse infiltrative liver diseases.
Asunto(s)
Enfermedades de los Gatos/diagnóstico por imagen , Enfermedades de los Perros/diagnóstico por imagen , Hepatopatías/veterinaria , Hígado/diagnóstico por imagen , Animales , Enfermedades de los Gatos/patología , Gatos , Análisis Discriminante , Enfermedades de los Perros/patología , Perros , Hepatopatías/diagnóstico por imagen , Hepatopatías/patología , Especificidad de la Especie , UltrasonografíaAsunto(s)
Fibrosarcoma/veterinaria , Neoplasias Mandibulares/veterinaria , Conejos , Animales , Operatoria Dental , Diagnóstico Diferencial , Femenino , Fibrosarcoma/diagnóstico , Fibrosarcoma/patología , Fibrosarcoma/cirugía , Neoplasias Mandibulares/diagnóstico , Neoplasias Mandibulares/patología , Neoplasias Mandibulares/cirugíaRESUMEN
A 15-year retrospective analysis of histologically proven canine and feline mediastinal malignancies at the University of Minnesota was conducted to identify patients imaged by computed tomography (CT). The goal of the study was to characterize the CT appearance, to determine if there were any tumor type-specific appearances, and to clarify the role of CT in patients with mediastinal masses. Fourteen patients meeting these criteria were available for evaluation. The masses were characterized based on the presence or absence of contrast enhancement, internal architecture, size, extent of local invasion, the presence of pleural fluid, and the presence of regional vascular invasion. Within the limits of this study and the histopathologic information available, there appeared to be no clinically exploitable relationship between the CT appearance and the histologic characterization of the mass. However, CT does provide reasonably accurate local staging information.
Asunto(s)
Enfermedades de los Gatos/diagnóstico por imagen , Enfermedades de los Perros/diagnóstico por imagen , Neoplasias del Mediastino/veterinaria , Animales , Enfermedades de los Gatos/epidemiología , Enfermedades de los Gatos/etiología , Gatos , Enfermedades de los Perros/epidemiología , Enfermedades de los Perros/etiología , Perros , Femenino , Linfoma/diagnóstico por imagen , Linfoma/veterinaria , Masculino , Neoplasias del Mediastino/diagnóstico por imagen , Minnesota/epidemiología , Paraganglioma Extraadrenal/diagnóstico por imagen , Paraganglioma Extraadrenal/veterinaria , Valor Predictivo de las Pruebas , Sarcoma/diagnóstico por imagen , Sarcoma/veterinaria , Timoma/diagnóstico por imagen , Timoma/veterinaria , Tomografía Computarizada por Rayos X/métodos , Tomografía Computarizada por Rayos X/veterinariaRESUMEN
Eight adult dogs with no evidence of liver disease, weighing between 8 and 25 kg were imaged after injection of a microbubble contrast medium using harmonic ultrasound imaging. All dogs received three separate bolus contrast injections, and six dogs also received three separate constant rate infusions each. Time/Mean Pixel Value curves were generated for selected regions of the liver. Upslope, downslope, baseline, peak, change, and time to peak were calculated. For bolus injection (averaging all subjects), upslope was 3.85 +/- 1.50 Mean Pixel Values/s, downslope was -0.71 +/- 0.30 Mean Pixel Values/s, baseline was 72.38 +/- 17.82 Mean Pixel Values, peak was 120.26 +/- 17.44 Mean Pixel Value, change from baseline to peak was 47.88 +/- 6.92 Mean Pixel Values, time to peak (from injection) was 22.88 +/- 6.79 s, and time to peak (from first upslope) was 13.88 +/- 1.55 s. Data acquisition and analysis from constant rate infusions was more cumbersome than for bolus, and results were less repeatable. There were significant differences (p < .005) in upslope, downslope, peak values, and time to peak between the two methods. These baseline data may prove useful in the evaluation of dogs with diffuse hepatic disease.