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This bibliometric analysis explores the landscape of research on the associations between specific genotypes and the cardiovascular form of diabetic neuropathy. Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a major contributor to premature mortality, primarily due to increased susceptibility to cardiovascular diseases. The global prevalence of DM is rising, with projections indicating further increases. Diabetic neuropathy, a complication of DM, includes the cardiovascular subtype, posing challenges in diagnosis and management. Understanding the genetic basis of cardiovascular diabetic neuropathy is crucial for targeted therapeutic interventions. The study utilizes bibliometric analysis to synthesize existing literature, identify trends, and guide future research. The Scopus database was searched, applying inclusion criteria for English articles related to genotypes and cardiovascular diabetic neuropathy. The analysis reveals a dynamic field with a notable impact, collaborative efforts, and multidimensional aspects. Publication trends over 1997-2023 demonstrate fluctuating research intensity. Top journals, authors, and affiliations are highlighted, emphasizing global contributions. Keyword analysis reveals thematic trends, and citation analysis identifies influential documents. Limitations include database biases, incomplete metadata, and search query specificity. The urgent need to explore genetic factors in cardiovascular diabetic neuropathy aligns with the increasing global diabetes burden. This analysis provides a comprehensive overview, contributing to the broader discourse on diabetic neuropathy research.

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Background: In January 2022 Kazakhstan experienced unprecedented nationwide protests that quickly turned to violent riots. Although the number of individuals affected physically by the disturbances were cited, the emotional toll of the events remains undetermined. The aim of this study was to evaluate the comparative rates of acute stress reactions in Kazakhstan in the aftermath of the unrests. Methods: A cross-sectional, population-based online survey was conducted one month after the start of the disturbances. The study questionnaire were completed anonymously and included the Primary Care PTSD Screen for DSM-5 (PC-PTSD-5) and the General Anxiety Disorder-7 (GAD-7), as well as socio-demographic and event exposure information. Results: Of the 7021 people who initially agreed to participate, 6510 were able to complete the full survey. For a cut-off of ≥3 on the PC-PTSD-5, 14.8 % of the study participants exhibited symptoms. With a cut-off of ≥4, this percentage reduced to 4.6 %. Participants from Almaty city and Almaty region who experienced the most extensive disturbances showed a doubled prevalence compared to the national level (30.0 % for a cut-off of ≥3, and 10.1 % for a cut-off of ≥4). At the national level, the prevalence of anxiety symptoms, defined as a score of ≥10 on the GAD-7, stood at 10.9 %. This prevalence decreased to 4.2 % when considering a cut-off of ≥15. Conclusion: Health authorities of riot-affected areas ought to be aware of the population level mental health impact of the civil conflict and consider provision of targeted interventions to mitigate the long-term consequence of these lifespan disorders, while also seeking for the peaceful resolution of the ensuing conflicts.

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The demand for informal caregivers to support the older adults has grown worldwide in recent decades. However, informal caregivers themselves require support. This article aims to examine existing support measures for caregivers of the older adults in the Republic of Kazakhstan. Relevant articles and grey literature were identified through manual searches on Google and Google Scholar, as well as electronic searches using indexed databases like PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus. Moreover, the reference lists of identified sources and government ministry websites were meticulously scrutinized. This review highlights the scarcity of research on caregiver support measures in Kazakhstan, supported by the lack of peer-reviewed articles on this subject. A comprehensive analysis of the literature shows that in Kazakhstan's legislative framework, "caregivers" exclusively refers to individuals providing care for a first-degree disability. The responsibility of caring for older adults parents lies with able-bodied children. However, there is a lack of registration and assessment procedures to evaluate the burden and quality of life of caregivers. As a result, the medical and social support provided to caregivers is standardized, failing to adequately address their unique needs and requirements. The analysis of current support measures for informal caregivers highlights the need to develop support mechanisms and recognize individuals providing informal care as key figures in the long-term care system.

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Background: The growing population of older adults, often affected by chronic illnesses, disabilities, or frailty has led to a substantial increase in the need for informal caregivers. Objective: This paper is a protocol for a study that aims to investigate the effects of caregiving on informal caregivers of older adults in Kazakhstan with special emphasis on the cultural context. Methods: The protocol outlines a mixed-methods study that will be conducted in four cities in Kazakhstan. A total of 400 informal caregivers of older adults with two or more limitations in Activities of Daily Living (ADL) will be recruited to participate in a survey, aiming to evaluate care-related burdens and quality of life and health-related quality of life. The Institute for Medical Technology Assessment (iMTA) Valuation of Informal Care Questionnaire (iVICQ) was selected to be the main research instrument. Additionally, a subset of participants who express their willingness to participate will be selected from the pool of survey respondents to engage in semi-structured interviews, allowing for a deeper understanding of their experiences and providing insights into their social and medical support needs. Conclusion: This study will be the first investigation of the impact of caregiving on informal caregivers of older adults in Central Asia. The results will contribute to the literature by providing insights into older adults care within the specific national and cultural context of Kazakhstan with potential generalization to other Central Asian republics of the former USSR.

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