RESUMEN
Peculiarities of microflora in the appendix mucosa and abdominal exudate in different morphological forms of an acute appendicitis (AA) were studied up. In accordance to the bacteriological investigations data, anaerobic, and aerobic microorganisms in AA were revealed in a monoculture and in association, more frequently--obligate anaer- obes (bacteroids) with E. coli--in 82 (80.39%) observations, staphylococcus--in 52 (50.98%), fecal streptococcus--in 19 (18.63%). With progression of inflammatory process and destructive changes in the appendix wall the quantity of bacteroids and enterobacteria have had enhanced, while the quantity of lacto- and bifidumflora-- reduced.
Asunto(s)
Apendicitis/microbiología , Apéndice/microbiología , Infecciones por Escherichia coli/microbiología , Mucosa Intestinal/microbiología , Infecciones Estafilocócicas/microbiología , Infecciones Estreptocócicas/microbiología , Actinobacteria/crecimiento & desarrollo , Enfermedad Aguda , Apendicitis/diagnóstico , Apendicitis/patología , Apéndice/patología , Carga Bacteriana , Técnicas de Tipificación Bacteriana , Escherichia coli/crecimiento & desarrollo , Escherichia coli/patogenicidad , Infecciones por Escherichia coli/diagnóstico , Infecciones por Escherichia coli/patología , Humanos , Mucosa Intestinal/patología , Lactobacillaceae/crecimiento & desarrollo , Infecciones Estafilocócicas/diagnóstico , Infecciones Estafilocócicas/patología , Staphylococcus/crecimiento & desarrollo , Staphylococcus/patogenicidad , Infecciones Estreptocócicas/diagnóstico , Infecciones Estreptocócicas/patología , Streptococcus/crecimiento & desarrollo , Streptococcus/patogenicidadRESUMEN
Abstract The results of investigation on dynamics of a local immunity indices in an acute appendicitis, depending on the pathological process stage as well as on bacteriological investigation of parietal microflora of processus vermicularis, were adduced. The sIgA and lisocymal dynamics have witnessed that while a destructive process progressing their concentration was enhanced, and in a gangrenous acute appendicitis they practically disappeared. Due to affection of a barrier function of the processus vermicularis wall a favorable conditions were created for the microorganisms intramural translocation as well as to abdominal cavity.
Asunto(s)
Apendicitis/inmunología , Apéndice/inmunología , Infecciones por Bacteroides/inmunología , Infecciones por Enterobacteriaceae/inmunología , Cavidad Abdominal/microbiología , Cavidad Abdominal/patología , Cavidad Abdominal/cirugía , Apendicitis/microbiología , Apendicitis/patología , Apendicitis/cirugía , Apéndice/microbiología , Apéndice/patología , Apéndice/cirugía , Traslocación Bacteriana , Bacteroides/inmunología , Bacteroides/patogenicidad , Infecciones por Bacteroides/microbiología , Infecciones por Bacteroides/patología , Infecciones por Bacteroides/cirugía , Enterobacteriaceae/inmunología , Enterobacteriaceae/patogenicidad , Infecciones por Enterobacteriaceae/microbiología , Infecciones por Enterobacteriaceae/patología , Infecciones por Enterobacteriaceae/cirugía , Humanos , Inmunidad Innata , Inmunoglobulina A/biosíntesis , Inmunoglobulina G/biosíntesis , Inmunoglobulina M/biosíntesis , Muramidasa/inmunologíaRESUMEN
The results of investigation of the inflammatory processes dynamics in operative wounds in 238 patients after surgical intervention, performed for noncomplicated hernias of anterior abdominal wall of various localization, as well as the impact of polarized light on correction of the vegetative nervous system disorders, for prophylaxis of infiltrative-purulent complications were analyzed.
Asunto(s)
Hernia Abdominal/cirugía , Hernia Abdominal/terapia , Herniorrafia , Fototerapia/métodos , Complicaciones Posoperatorias/prevención & control , Cicatrización de Heridas/efectos de la radiación , Pared Abdominal/patología , Pared Abdominal/efectos de la radiación , Pared Abdominal/cirugía , Adulto , Anciano , Sistema Nervioso Autónomo/efectos de la radiación , Femenino , Hernia Abdominal/patología , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Fototerapia/instrumentaciónRESUMEN
Bacteriological investigation of processus vermiformis contents was performed in 102 patients suffering an acute appendicitis (AA) and of abdominal cavity exudate--in 82 patients, operated for an AA. The microflora identification was done, as well as probable connection between microorganisms associations, the rate of the AA destructive forms revealing and postoperative purulent-inflammatory complications occurrence.
Asunto(s)
Apendicitis/microbiología , Infecciones Bacterianas/epidemiología , Infecciones Bacterianas/microbiología , Complicaciones Posoperatorias/epidemiología , Infección de la Herida Quirúrgica/epidemiología , Infección de la Herida Quirúrgica/microbiología , Enfermedad Aguda , HumanosRESUMEN
Investigation of the vegetative nervous system (VNS) state according to ratio of the sympathetic and parasympathetic parts activity in patients with acute appendicitis, strangulated hernia, perforative ulcer was conducted. There were revealed significant VNS tone disorders before and after operation with signs of sympathicotony or parasimpathicotony, which needed to be corrected in complex of treatment of the patients.
Asunto(s)
Adaptación Fisiológica , Apendicitis/cirugía , Sistema Nervioso Autónomo/fisiología , Hernia Abdominal/cirugía , Úlcera Péptica Perforada/cirugía , Enfermedad Aguda , Adulto , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana EdadAsunto(s)
Conducta Anticonceptiva/estadística & datos numéricos , Anticonceptivos Hormonales Orales/administración & dosificación , Tuberculosis Pulmonar/epidemiología , Antituberculosos/farmacología , Antituberculosos/uso terapéutico , Anticonceptivos Hormonales Orales/metabolismo , Interacciones Farmacológicas , Femenino , Humanos , Tuberculosis Pulmonar/tratamiento farmacológicoRESUMEN
The complex of interrelated pathogenic factors in development of postoperative suppurative inflammatory complication with abdominal cavity organs lesion was studied on the example of an acute appendicitis. It includes enteropathogenic microorganisms, insufficiency of local immunity, deficiency of immunoglobulins, lysozym. Findings show the possibility in seeking the measures of prevention of emergent state, in particular, an acute appendicitis.
Asunto(s)
Apendicitis/cirugía , Infecciones Bacterianas/etiología , Candidiasis/etiología , Inmunidad Innata/inmunología , Peritonitis/etiología , Enfermedad Aguda , Apendicectomía , Apendicitis/complicaciones , Apendicitis/inmunología , Apendicitis/microbiología , Apéndice/microbiología , Apéndice/cirugía , Infecciones Bacterianas/inmunología , Infecciones Bacterianas/microbiología , Candidiasis/inmunología , Candidiasis/microbiología , Humanos , Inmunoglobulinas/sangre , Cavidad Peritoneal/microbiología , Peritonitis/inmunología , Peritonitis/microbiologíaRESUMEN
New technology of the operative wound suturing was elaborated with performance of muscle-aponeurotic suture in 115 patients, operated on for emergent diseases, securing lowering of postoperative compications rate from 2.43 to 1.73%.
Asunto(s)
Servicios Médicos de Urgencia , Complicaciones Posoperatorias/prevención & control , Dehiscencia de la Herida Operatoria/etiología , Infección de la Herida Quirúrgica/etiología , Técnicas de Sutura/instrumentación , Abdomen , HumanosAsunto(s)
Reproducción , Tuberculosis de los Genitales Femeninos/fisiopatología , Tuberculosis Pulmonar/fisiopatología , Tuberculosis Renal/fisiopatología , Adolescente , Adulto , Niño , Endometrio/diagnóstico por imagen , Femenino , Homeostasis , Humanos , Histerosalpingografía , Infertilidad Femenina/etiología , Infertilidad Femenina/terapia , Menarquia , Menstruación , Embarazo , Tuberculosis de los Genitales Femeninos/terapia , Tuberculosis Pulmonar/terapia , Tuberculosis Renal/terapia , Ultrasonografía , Útero/diagnóstico por imagenRESUMEN
One hundred and thirty six women with genital tuberculosis received combined antibacterial treatment (ABT) with adjuvant physiotherapy. The patients were divided into three groups: patients of group 1 had active genital tuberculosis treated with ABT plus electrophoresis of 3% sodium thiosulphate, group 2 had chronic tuberculous process treated with ABT plus ultrasound hydrocortisone therapy, group 3 received ABT alone. The findings demonstrate that noticeable improvement and reduction of treatment duration were observed in groups 1 and 2.
Asunto(s)
Antiinflamatorios/uso terapéutico , Antioxidantes/uso terapéutico , Antituberculosos/uso terapéutico , Hidrocortisona/uso terapéutico , Tiosulfatos/uso terapéutico , Tuberculosis de los Genitales Femeninos/terapia , Antiinflamatorios/administración & dosificación , Antioxidantes/administración & dosificación , Antituberculosos/administración & dosificación , Electroforesis , Endometrio/efectos de los fármacos , Endometrio/patología , Femenino , Humanos , Hidrocortisona/administración & dosificación , Fonoforesis , Tiosulfatos/administración & dosificaciónRESUMEN
The expansion of polyglutamine tracts encoded by CAG trinucleotide repeats is a common mutational mechanism in inherited neurodegenerative diseases. Spinocerebellar ataxia type 6 (SCA6), an autosomal dominant, progressive disease, arises from trinucleotide repeat expansions present in the coding region of CACNA1A (chromosome 19p13). This gene encodes alpha(1A), the principal subunit of P/Q-type Ca(2+) channels, which are abundant in the CNS, particularly in cerebellar Purkinje and granule neurons. We assayed ion channel function by introduction of human alpha(1A) cDNAs in human embryonic kidney 293 cells that stably coexpressed beta(1) and alpha(2)delta subunits. Immunocytochemical analysis showed a rise in intracellular and surface expression of alpha(1A) protein when CAG repeat lengths reached or exceeded the pathogenic range for SCA6. This gain at the protein level was not a consequence of changes in RNA stability, as indicated by Northern blot analysis. The electrophysiological behavior of alpha(1A) subunits containing expanded (EXP) numbers of CAG repeats (23, 27, and 72) was compared against that of wild-type subunits (WT) (4 and 11 repeats) using standard whole-cell patch-clamp recording conditions. The EXP alpha(1A) subunits yielded functional ion channels that supported inward Ca(2+) channel currents, with a sharp increase in P/Q Ca(2+) channel current density relative to WT. Our results showed that Ca(2+) channels from SCA6 patients display near-normal biophysical properties but increased current density attributable to elevated protein expression at the cell surface.
Asunto(s)
Canales de Calcio/genética , Canales de Calcio/metabolismo , Subunidades de Proteína , Ataxias Espinocerebelosas/etiología , Expansión de Repetición de Trinucleótido/genética , Northern Blotting , Calcio/metabolismo , Canales de Calcio Tipo P/genética , Canales de Calcio Tipo P/metabolismo , Canales de Calcio Tipo Q/genética , Canales de Calcio Tipo Q/metabolismo , Línea Celular , Membrana Celular/metabolismo , Cromosomas Humanos Par 19/genética , ADN Complementario/genética , ADN Complementario/metabolismo , Expresión Génica , Genes Dominantes , Humanos , Inmunohistoquímica , Transporte Iónico/genética , Riñón/citología , Riñón/metabolismo , Técnicas de Placa-Clamp , ARN Mensajero/metabolismo , Ataxias Espinocerebelosas/metabolismo , TransfecciónRESUMEN
The paper presents the specific features of diagnosis and clinical course of genital tuberculosis under the present conditions. It shows it expedient to make a differential diagnosis of genital tuberculosis in 2 steps: 1) the use of the routine examination and 2) the study of specific antituberculous immunity. Genital tuberculosis risk groups to be obligatorily examined at a specialized tuberculosis control facility are identified. The specific features of the clinical course of genital tuberculosis, such as aptness to exudative processes, a combination with extragenital tuberculosis and hormonally depended gynecological diseases are noted. Indications for and efficiency of endosurgical interventions in genital tuberculosis are shown.
Asunto(s)
Tuberculosis de los Genitales Femeninos/cirugía , Tuberculosis de los Genitales Masculinos/cirugía , Femenino , Humanos , MasculinoRESUMEN
Reciprocal probing has been used to identify a cDNA clone (xh8H11) representing a gene preferentially expressed in striated muscle. The gene maps close to DXS7101 31.9 cM from the short arm telomere of the X-chromosome at Xp22.1. On searching expressed and genomic databases, 21 expressed sequence tags were found that allowed the assignment of a human extended consensus sequence of 887 bp, suggesting a completely expressed gene symbolized as SMPX. By using the human consensus sequence, the orthologous mouse Smpx and rat SMPX genes could be aligned and confirmed by complete sequencing of additional SMPX-related clones obtained by library screening. An open reading frame was identified encoding a peptide of 88-86 and 85 amino acids in human and rodents, respectively. The predicted peptide had no significant homologies to known structural elements. The human consensus cDNA sequence was used to define the genomic structure of the human SMPX that had been missed by a previous large scale sequencing approach. The gene consists of five exons (> or =172, 57, 84, 148, > or =422 bp) and four introns (3639, 10410, 6052, 31134 bp) comprising together 52.1 kb and is preferentially and abundantly expressed in heart and skeletal muscle. Thus, a novel human gene encoding a small muscular protein that maps to Xp22.1 (SMPX) has been identified and structurally characterized as a basis for further functional analysis.
Asunto(s)
Proteínas Musculares/genética , Cromosoma X/genética , Secuencia de Aminoácidos , Animales , Secuencia de Bases , Mapeo Cromosómico , Clonación Molecular , Secuencia de Consenso , Cartilla de ADN/genética , ADN Complementario/genética , Etiquetas de Secuencia Expresada , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Ratones , Datos de Secuencia Molecular , Embarazo , Ratas , Homología de Secuencia de Aminoácido , Especificidad de la Especie , Distribución TisularRESUMEN
The molecular components of mammalian circadian clocks are elusive. We have isolated a human gene termed RIGUI that encodes a bHLH/PAS protein 44% homologous to Drosophila period. The highly conserved mouse homolog (m-rigui) is expressed in a circadian pattern in the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN), the master regulator of circadian clocks in mammals. Circadian expression in the SCN continues in constant darkness, and a shift in the light/dark cycle evokes a proportional shift of m-rigui expression in the SCN. m-rigui transcripts also appear in a periodic pattern in Purkinje neurons, pars tuberalis, and retina, but with a timing of oscillation different from that seen in the SCN. Sequence homology and circadian patterns of expression suggest that RIGUI is a mammalian ortholog of the Drosophila period gene, raising the possibility that a regulator of circadian clocks is conserved.
Asunto(s)
Ritmo Circadiano/genética , Proteínas Nucleares/genética , Adaptación Ocular/fisiología , Animales , Proteínas de Ciclo Celular , ADN Complementario/análisis , Drosophila , Proteínas de Drosophila , Expresión Génica/fisiología , Humanos , Hibridación Fluorescente in Situ , Mamíferos , Ratones , Ratones Endogámicos C57BL , Datos de Secuencia Molecular , Proteínas Circadianas Period , Periodicidad , Células de Purkinje/fisiología , ARN Mensajero/análisis , ARN Mensajero/aislamiento & purificación , Retina/fisiología , Homología de Secuencia de Aminoácido , Núcleo Supraquiasmático/fisiología , Transcripción Genética/fisiologíaRESUMEN
A polymorphic CAG repeat was identified in the human alpha 1A voltage-dependent calcium channel subunit. To test the hypothesis that expansion of this CAG repeat could be the cause of an inherited progressive ataxia, we genotyped a large number of unrelated controls and ataxia patients. Eight unrelated patients with late onset ataxia had alleles with larger repeat numbers (21-27) compared to the number of repeats (4-16) in 475 non-ataxia individuals. Analysis of the repeat length in families of the affected individuals revealed that the expansion segregated with the phenotype in every patient. We identified six isoforms of the human alpha 1A calcium channel subunit. The CAG repeat is within the open reading frame and is predicted to encode glutamine in three of the isoforms. We conclude that a small polyglutamine expansion in the human alpha 1A calcium channel is most likely the cause of a newly classified autosomal dominant spinocerebellar ataxia, SCA6.
Asunto(s)
Canales de Calcio/genética , Ataxia Cerebelosa/genética , Genes Dominantes , Proteínas del Tejido Nervioso/genética , Péptidos/genética , Alelos , Secuencia de Aminoácidos , Animales , Ataxia Cerebelosa/patología , Femenino , Genotipo , Humanos , Masculino , Datos de Secuencia Molecular , Mutación , Linaje , Conejos , Homología de Secuencia de Aminoácido , Repeticiones de TrinucleótidosRESUMEN
We report here the isolation, mapping, and genomic organization of the human NDUFA1 gene, which is a component of NADH:ubiquinone oxidoreductase (complex I). The NDUFA1 cDNA clone and associated genomic cosmid clones were isolated by reciprocal probing of an arrayed human heart cDNA library with a X-chromosome cosmid library and were mapped to Xq24. The NDUFA1 gene, which is highly expressed in human cardiac and skeletal muscle, has an open reading frame of 70 amino acids and shows 80% homology to the bovine MWFE subunit of complex I. By primer extension, the major and minor transcription initiation sites were identified, 99 and 141 nucleotides upstream of the translation initiator ATG, respectively. The NDUFA1 gene is composed of 3 exons and spans about 5.0 kb of genomic DNA. The 5' region of the NDUFA1 gene (approximately 450-bp fragment) lacks conventional TATA and CAAT boxes, but it contains several potential binding sites for transcription factors including SP-1, AP-2, NF1, NRF2-like, APRRE, CRE, MyoD1, CArG, MEF-2, and BRE.
Asunto(s)
Genes , Mitocondrias/enzimología , NAD(P)H Deshidrogenasa (Quinona)/genética , Cromosoma X/genética , Secuencia de Aminoácidos , Animales , Secuencia de Bases , Sitios de Unión , Bovinos , Regulación Enzimológica de la Expresión Génica , Humanos , Datos de Secuencia Molecular , NAD(P)H Deshidrogenasa (Quinona)/biosíntesis , NAD(P)H Deshidrogenasa (Quinona)/química , Regiones Promotoras Genéticas , ARN Mensajero/biosíntesis , ARN Mensajero/genética , Secuencias Reguladoras de Ácidos Nucleicos , Factores de Transcripción/metabolismoRESUMEN
The X-linked developmental mouse mutations bare patches (Bpa) and striated (Str) may be homologous to human X-linked dominant chondrodysplasia punctata (CDPX2) and incontinentia pigmenti (IP2), respectively, based on their genetic mapping and clinical phenotypes. Bpa and Str have been localized to an overlapping critical region of 600 kb that demonstrates conserved gene order with loci in human Xq28 between DXS1104 and DXS52. As part of efforts to isolate the genes involved in these disorders, we have begun to develop a comparative transcription map spanning this region in both species. Using techniques of cross-species conservation and hybridization, exon trapping, and cDNA selection we have identified four known genes or members of gene families--caltractin, a member of the gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABAA) receptor gene family, a member of the melanoma antigen gene (MAGE) family, and several members of the murine-specific, X-linked lymphocyte regulated gene (Xlr3) family. Trapped exons and, in some cases, longer cDNAs have been isolated for potentially 7-9 additional genes. One cDNA demonstrates highly significant homology with members of the Krüppel family of zinc finger transcription factors. A second novel cDNA demonstrates homology at the 3' end of the predicted amino acid sequence to a LIM domain consensus. Gene order appears conserved among those cDNAs determined to be present in both human and mouse. Three of the murine transcripts appear to be present in multiple copies within the Bpa/Str critical region and could be associated with a predisposition to genomic rearrangements. Reverse transcriptase PCR (RT-PCR) and Northern analysis demonstrate that several of the transcripts are expressed in mid-gestation murine embryos and neonatal skin, making them candidates for the Bpa and Str mutations and their respective homologous human disorders.
Asunto(s)
Condrodisplasia Punctata/genética , Mapeo Cromosómico , Incontinencia Pigmentaria/genética , Mapeo Restrictivo , Cromosoma X/genética , Secuencia de Aminoácidos , Animales , Secuencia de Bases , Northern Blotting , Southern Blotting , Clonación Molecular , ADN Complementario/química , ADN Complementario/aislamiento & purificación , Exones/genética , Marcadores Genéticos/genética , Humanos , Ratones , Datos de Secuencia Molecular , Análisis de Secuencia , Homología de Secuencia de Aminoácido , Dedos de Zinc/genéticaRESUMEN
A ubiquitous mammalian transcription factor, Oct-1 (also known as OTF-1, NF-A1, OBP100, or NFIII), stimulates the initiation of replication of adenovirus DNA, and may also be involved in the activation of some chromosomal replication origins. If this is true, binding sites for Oct-1 should be present within regions responsible for the initiation of DNA replication. In this study such a binding site has been identified within a 340bp fragment that was originally isolated from a minor fraction of DNA associated with a complexed form of DNA polymerase alpha from nonregenerating rat liver, and which shows autonomous replication sequence activity in a transient transfection assay. Northern blot analysis was used to show that Oct-1 mRNA is induced in regenerating rat liver 6-14 h after hepatectomy.
Asunto(s)
ADN Polimerasa II/metabolismo , Proteínas de Unión al ADN/metabolismo , ADN/metabolismo , Hígado/metabolismo , Factores de Transcripción/metabolismo , Animales , Secuencia de Bases , Northern Blotting , Desoxirribonucleasa I/metabolismo , Hepatectomía , Factor C1 de la Célula Huésped , Hígado/enzimología , Regeneración Hepática , Datos de Secuencia Molecular , Factor 1 de Transcripción de Unión a Octámeros , RatasRESUMEN
Individual mRNA coding for proteins of the alpha-polymerase complex were isolated from replicating hepatocytes. cDNAs were synthesized by reverse transcriptase. Three clones were identified by colony hybridization of the S period cDNA library. The sequences of these clones were complementary to the investigated mRNAs. Two clones named pr12 and pr167 revealed increased expressions in the S period. The level of mRNA pr127 does not change during liver regeneration. The amount of pr127 mRNA was about 1% of the total mRNA population. pr12, pr127 and pr167 mRNAs were isolated by the hybrid-selection method and were translated in a cell-free system. The products of translation were analysed by "activity" gel. It was shown that pr167 mRNA coded for protein 140 kDa with DNA polymerase activity. pr12 protein is an unknown component of the alpha-polymerase complex. We suggested that this protein participates in the initiation of DNA replication.