RESUMEN

PURPOSE: To study the clinical diagnostic value of SPECT/CT bone imaging combined with two serum examinations in patients with bone metastases from pulmonary cancer. METHODS: The clinical data of 120 patients consistent with pulmonary cancer admitted to the First Affiliated Hospital of Hebei North University from March 2019 to December 2019 were selected for retrospective analysis, and they were divided into the bone metastasis group (n = 58) and non-bone metastasis group (n = 62) according to comprehensive evaluation result of X-ray, CT, MRI and clinical follow-up. The CT values of patients were obtained by SPECT/CT bone imaging to compare serum levels of ALP (alkaline phosphatase belongs to phosphoric monoester hydrolases, as a specific phosphatase, mainly in body tissues and body fluid) and BAP (bone alkaline phosphatase is formed by different modification and processing of alkaline phosphatase, and is mainly released by osteoblasts) and CT values of patients in both groups, using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve to evaluate the diagnostic efficacy of single detection and combined detection. RESULTS: SPECT/CT bone imaging in patients with bone metastasis from pulmonary cancer showed abnormal radioactive accumulation in spine, pelvis and bilateral ribs. Serum ALP, BAP and CT values in bone metastasis group were overtly higher than the non-bone metastasis group (P < 0.001). Logistic regression analysis showed that serum ALP, BAP and CT value were independent risk factors for bone metastasis from pulmonary cancer. The AUC value and Youden index of combined diagnosis were higher than those of single diagnosis. CONCLUSION: SPECT/CT bone imaging combined with serum detection of ALP and BAP in patients with pulmonary cancer is helpful for early diagnosis of bone metastasis, which provides more basis for the formulation and selection of clinical treatment options.

Asunto(s)

Neoplasias Óseas , Neoplasias Pulmonares , Humanos , Fosfatasa Alcalina , Estudios Retrospectivos , Tomografía Computarizada de Emisión de Fotón Único , Neoplasias Pulmonares/patología , Tomografía Computarizada por Rayos X

RESUMEN

Animals exhibit a variety of strategies to avoid predation; spiders are no exception. We explored whether webbuilding spiders that differ in the architecture of their webs exhibit morphologies or behaviors suggestive of antipredator strategies that trade-off with the degree of protection offered by their webs. Spiders build webs of 3 types: the more protected tangles and sheet-and-tangles, which are three-dimensional (3D), and the more exposed orbs, which are two-dimensional (2D), both with or without a refuge. We hypothesize that spiders whose webs offer greater protection—a 3D architecture or a refuge—will be less likely to be armored or brightly colored when compared to spiders without these protections. We collected data on 446 spiders and their webs in 2 lowland tropical rainforest sites. We show that 2D web builders with no refuges tended to be brightly colored (background contrasting) and spiny (spiky), whereas those with refuges tended to blend against the background of their refuges. 3D web builders, on the other hand, were neither cryptic nor brightly colored nor armored but were more likely to drop out of the web upon simulated predator contact. These results support the hypothesis that web-building spiders tend to be protected either through the architecture of their webs or their morphology and behavior, suggesting a trade-off between different types of antipredator strategies.

RESUMEN

Background: Bungarus multicinctus is one of the most dangerous venomous snakes prone to cardiopulmonary damage with extremely high mortality. In our previous work, we found that glutamine (Gln) and glutamine synthetase (GS) in pig serum were significantly reduced after Bungarus multicinctus bite. In the present study, to explore whether there is a link between the pathogenesis of cardiopulmonary injury and Gln metabolic changes induced by Bungarus multicinctus venom. We investigated the effect of Gln supplementation on the lung and heart function after snakebite. Methods: We supplemented different concentrations of Gln to mice that were envenomated by Bungarus multicinctus to observe the biological behavior, survival rate, hematological and pathological changes. Gln was supplemented immediately or one hour after the venom injection, and then changes in Gln metabolism were analyzed. Subsequently, to further explore the protective mechanism of glutamine on tissue damage, we measured the expression of heat-shock protein70 (HSP70), NF-κB P65, P53/PUMA by western blotting and real-time polymerase in the lung and heart. Results: Gln supplementation delayed the envenoming symptoms, reduced mortality, and alleviated the histopathological changes in the heart and lung of mice bitten by Bungarus multicinctus. Additionally, Gln increased the activity of glutamine synthetase (GS), glutamate dehydrogenase (GDH) and glutaminase (GLS) in serum. It also balanced the transporter SLC7A11 expression in heart and lung tissues. Bungarus multicinctus venom induced the NF-κB nuclear translocation in the lung, while the HO-1 expression was suppressed. At the same time, venom activated the P53/PUMA signaling pathway and the BAX expression in the heart. Gln treatment reversed the above phenomenon and increased HSP70 expression. Conclusion: Gln alleviated the glutamine metabolism disorder and cardiopulmonary damage caused by Bungarus multicinctus venom. It may protect lungs and heart against venom by promoting the expression of HSP70, inhibiting the activation of NF-κB and P53/PUMA, thereby delaying the process of snake venom and reducing mortality. The present results indicate that Gln could be a potential treatment for Bungarus multicinctus bite.

RESUMEN

BACKGROUND: Previous studies have shown that the ability of tumor cells to move and migrate is related to the molecular chain pathway mediated by actin. This study focused on the molecular mechanism of gelsolin (GSN) as an important actin-binding protein in promoting HCC invasion and metastasis. METHODS: The relationship between GSN expression and clinical characteristics was observed by immunohistochemistry (IHC). In vitro and in vivo experiments confirmed the role of GSN in HCC metastasis. Dual-immunoprecipitation (IP), immunofluorescence (IF), western blotting, and the gelatinase activity assay were used to investigate the mechanism of GSN-promoting metastasis. PEX fusion proteins were used to intervene in the transfer molecular chain. RESULTS: Our study found that GSN promoted HCC invasion and metastasis through its synergistic effect with actin-related transfer molecular chain (actin-CD44-MMPs). Concretely, as an important binding molecule of actin, GSN activated MMP2 by interacting with MMP14. Furthermore, CD44 might be a key node in the above-mentioned mechanism. The use of MMP14 domain (PEX fusion protein) to competitively bind to CD44 helped to inhibit the activation of downstream MMP2. CONCLUSIONS: GSN played crucial roles in HCC metastatic process. An improved understanding of the multiple effects of GSN in HCC might facilitate a deeper appreciation of GSN as an important HCC regulator. The study identified GSN and its regulated transfer molecular chain as potential therapeutic targets for HCC.

Asunto(s)

Carcinoma Hepatocelular , Neoplasias Hepáticas , Humanos , Gelsolina/genética , Gelsolina/metabolismo , Actinas , Metaloproteinasa 2 de la Matriz/genética , Metaloproteinasa 2 de la Matriz/metabolismo , Metaloproteinasa 14 de la Matriz/metabolismo , Carcinoma Hepatocelular/patología , Neoplasias Hepáticas/patología , Línea Celular Tumoral

RESUMEN

Background: Bungarus multicinctus is one of the most dangerous venomous snakes prone to cardiopulmonary damage with extremely high mortality. In our previous work, we found that glutamine (Gln) and glutamine synthetase (GS) in pig serum were significantly reduced after Bungarus multicinctus bite. In the present study, to explore whether there is a link between the pathogenesis of cardiopulmonary injury and Gln metabolic changes induced by Bungarus multicinctus venom. We investigated the effect of Gln supplementation on the lung and heart function after snakebite. Methods: We supplemented different concentrations of Gln to mice that were envenomated by Bungarus multicinctus to observe the biological behavior, survival rate, hematological and pathological changes. Gln was supplemented immediately or one hour after the venom injection, and then changes in Gln metabolism were analyzed. Subsequently, to further explore the protective mechanism of glutamine on tissue damage, we measured the expression of heat-shock protein70 (HSP70), NF-κB P65, P53/PUMA by western blotting and real-time polymerase in the lung and heart. Results: Gln supplementation delayed the envenoming symptoms, reduced mortality, and alleviated the histopathological changes in the heart and lung of mice bitten by Bungarus multicinctus. Additionally, Gln increased the activity of glutamine synthetase (GS), glutamate dehydrogenase (GDH) and glutaminase (GLS) in serum. It also balanced the transporter SLC7A11 expression in heart and lung tissues. Bungarus multicinctus venom induced the NF-κB nuclear translocation in the lung, while the HO-1 expression was suppressed. At the same time, venom activated the P53/PUMA signaling pathway and the BAX expression in the heart. Gln treatment reversed the above phenomenon and increased HSP70 expression. Conclusion: Gln alleviated the glutamine metabolism disorder and cardiopulmonary damage caused by Bungarus multicinctus venom. It may protect lungs and heart against venom by promoting the expression of HSP70, inhibiting the activation of NF-κB and P53/PUMA, thereby delaying the process of snake venom and reducing mortality. The present results indicate that Gln could be a potential treatment for Bungarus multicinctus bite.

Asunto(s)

Bungarus , Venenos Elapídicos , Lesión Pulmonar/terapia , Glutamina/uso terapéutico

RESUMEN

OBJECTIVE: Mesenteric angioplasty and stenting (MAS) has surpassed open revascularization as the treatment of choice for mesenteric ischemia. Despite the lower perioperative mortality associated with MAS, the need for reintervention is not infrequent. The purpose of this study was to review the outcomes of patients treated for mesenteric artery in-stent restenosis (MAISR). METHODS: Clinical data from a single center between 2004 and 2017 were retrospectively analyzed. Standard statistical analysis including Kaplan-Meier estimate for time-dependent outcomes, χ2 test for categorical variables, and two-sample t-test for continuous variables was performed. Primary end points included stent patency and reintervention rate. Secondary end points included mortality and morbidity. RESULTS: During the study period, 91 patients underwent primary MAS. In total, 113 mesenteric vessels were treated with 20 covered stents and 93 bare-metal stents. Overall primary patency was 69% at 2 years. At 2 years, primary patency was 83% for covered stents compared with 65% for bare-metal stents (P = .17). Of these 91 primary MAS patients, 27 (30%) were treated for MAISR (32 vessels). Two covered stent patients developed significant restenosis (11%) compared with 25 (34%) bare-metal stent patients (P = .02). The mean age of patients requiring reintervention was 69 years (36% male), with the majority having a history of tobacco use (85%), hypertension (75%), and hyperlipidemia (78%). Fourteen reintervention patients (52%) presented with recurrent symptoms, 10 (37%) had asymptomatic restenosis, and 3 (11%) developed intestinal ischemia. Twelve patients (44%) underwent reintervention with balloon angioplasty alone and 15 (56%) underwent repeated stent placement. Of the 15 patients who had repeated stent placement, 7 patients had covered stents placed. The 30-day mortality rate after reintervention for mesenteric stent restenosis was 0%. Postoperative complications occurred in 15% of patients (myocardial infarction, 4%; reversible kidney injury, 4%; and bowel ischemia requiring surgical exploration, 7%). There was no difference in the perioperative morbidity in comparing symptomatic and asymptomatic patients undergoing reintervention. Mean follow-up after mesenteric reintervention was 31 months, with one-third of patients (n = 9) requiring another reintervention because of either recurrence of symptoms or asymptomatic high-grade restenosis. Assisted primary patency at 2 years was 92% after reintervention with balloon angioplasty and 87% for repeated stent placement, with no statistically significant difference between the groups (P = .66). CONCLUSIONS: Treatment of MAISR is associated with low mortality and acceptable morbidity. The initial use of covered stents may reduce the need for reintervention.

Asunto(s)

Angioplastia/instrumentación , Aterosclerosis/terapia , Isquemia Mesentérica/terapia , Oclusión Vascular Mesentérica/terapia , Stents , Anciano , Anciano de 80 o más Años , Angioplastia/efectos adversos , Angioplastia/mortalidad , Aterosclerosis/diagnóstico por imagen , Aterosclerosis/mortalidad , Aterosclerosis/fisiopatología , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Isquemia Mesentérica/diagnóstico por imagen , Isquemia Mesentérica/mortalidad , Isquemia Mesentérica/fisiopatología , Oclusión Vascular Mesentérica/diagnóstico por imagen , Oclusión Vascular Mesentérica/mortalidad , Oclusión Vascular Mesentérica/fisiopatología , Persona de Mediana Edad , Diseño de Prótesis , Recurrencia , Retratamiento , Estudios Retrospectivos , Medición de Riesgo , Factores de Riesgo , Circulación Esplácnica , Factores de Tiempo , Resultado del Tratamiento , Grado de Desobstrucción Vascular

RESUMEN

OBJECTIVE: This study aims to address gaps in health conditions and unmet needs in daily activities between people with dementia (PWD) and without dementia in a developing country and to identify the variables associated with unmet needs among PWD to guide practitioners and policymakers in dealing with an increased burden of dementia. METHODS: Nationally representative data on 4655 Chileans age 60 and over were used to compare health conditions and unmet needs in daily life activities between individuals with (N = 455, 9.6%) and without dementia. Regression analysis was conducted to identify the variables associated with unmet needs among PWD. RESULTS: Overall, PWD had worse health and needed greater assistance in performing daily activities than people without dementia. Among PWD, being male was associated with more unmet needs, in both activities of daily living (ADL) and instrumental ADL. Lower educational level and fewer caregivers were associated with more unmet needs for ADL, while inferior functional ability was associated with more unmet needs for instrumental ADL. CONCLUSIONS: The results from this study call for action by practitioners and policymakers to foster caregiver training, increase supportive services, and advance care planning for PWD.

Asunto(s)

Actividades Cotidianas , Demencia/enfermería , Necesidades y Demandas de Servicios de Salud/estadística & datos numéricos , Disparidades en el Estado de Salud , Disparidades en Atención de Salud/estadística & datos numéricos , Apoyo Social , Anciano , Anciano de 80 o más Años , Cuidadores , Chile , Femenino , Estado de Salud , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad

RESUMEN

BACKGROUND: Low phosphorus availability is a major factor restricting rice growth. Dongxiang wild rice (Oryza rufipogon Griff.) has many useful genes lacking in cultivated rice, including stress resistance to phosphorus deficiency, cold, salt and drought, which is considered to be a precious germplasm resource for rice breeding. However, the molecular mechanism of regulation of phosphorus deficiency tolerance is not clear. RESULTS: In this study, cDNA libraries were constructed from the leaf and root tissues of phosphorus stressed and untreated Dongxiang wild rice seedlings, and transcriptome sequencing was performed with the goal of elucidating the molecular mechanisms involved in phosphorus stress response. The results indicated that 1184 transcripts were differentially expressed in the leaves (323 up-regulated and 861 down-regulated) and 986 transcripts were differentially expressed in the roots (756 up-regulated and 230 down-regulated). 43 genes were up-regulated both in leaves and roots, 38 genes were up-regulated in roots but down-regulated in leaves, and only 2 genes were down-regulated in roots but up-regulated in leaves. Among these differentially expressed genes, the detection of many transcription factors and functional genes demonstrated that multiple regulatory pathways were involved in phosphorus deficiency tolerance. Meanwhile, the differentially expressed genes were also annotated with gene ontology terms and key pathways via functional classification and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Gene and Genomes pathway mapping, respectively. A set of the most important candidate genes was then identified by combining the differentially expressed genes found in the present study with previously identified phosphorus deficiency tolerance quantitative trait loci. CONCLUSION: The present work provides abundant genomic information for functional dissection of the phosphorus deficiency resistance of Dongxiang wild rice, which will be help to understand the biological regulatory mechanisms of phosphorus deficiency tolerance in Dongxiang wild rice.

Asunto(s)

Perfilación de la Expresión Génica , Oryza/genética , Fósforo/deficiencia , Plantones/genética , Estrés Fisiológico/genética , Regulación hacia Abajo , Regulación de la Expresión Génica de las Plantas , Oryza/efectos de los fármacos , Oryza/fisiología , Fósforo/farmacología , Plantones/efectos de los fármacos , Plantones/fisiología , Estrés Fisiológico/efectos de los fármacos

RESUMEN

Abstract Background: Low phosphorus availability is a major factor restricting rice growth. Dongxiang wild rice (Oryza rufipogon Griff.) has many useful genes lacking in cultivated rice, including stress resistance to phosphorus deficiency, cold, salt and drought, which is considered to be a precious germplasm resource for rice breeding. However, the molecular mechanism of regulation of phosphorus deficiency tolerance is not clear. Results: In this study, cDNA libraries were constructed from the leaf and root tissues of phosphorus stressed and untreated Dongxiang wild rice seedlings, and transcriptome sequencing was performed with the goal of elucidating the molecular mechanisms involved in phosphorus stress response. The results indicated that 1184 transcripts were differentially expressed in the leaves (323 up-regulated and 861 down-regulated) and 986 transcripts were differentially expressed in the roots (756 up-regulated and 230 down-regulated). 43 genes were up-regulated both in leaves and roots, 38 genes were up-regulated in roots but down-regulated in leaves, and only 2 genes were down-regulated in roots but up-regulated in leaves. Among these differentially expressed genes, the detection of many transcription factors and functional genes demonstrated that multiple regulatory pathways were involved in phosphorus deficiency tolerance. Meanwhile, the differentially expressed genes were also annotated with gene ontology terms and key pathways via functional classification and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Gene and Genomes pathway mapping, respectively. A set of the most important candidate genes was then identified by combining the differentially expressed genes found in the present study with previously identified phosphorus deficiency tolerance quantitative trait loci. Conclusion: The present work provides abundant genomic information for functional dissection of the phosphorus deficiency resistance of Dongxiang wild rice, which will be help to understand the biological regulatory mechanisms of phosphorus deficiency tolerance in Dongxiang wild rice.

Asunto(s)

Fósforo/deficiencia , Oryza/genética , Estrés Fisiológico/genética , Perfilación de la Expresión Génica , Plantones/genética , Fósforo/farmacología , Oryza/efectos de los fármacos , Oryza/fisiología , Estrés Fisiológico/efectos de los fármacos , Regulación hacia Abajo , Regulación de la Expresión Génica de las Plantas , Plantones/efectos de los fármacos , Plantones/fisiología

RESUMEN

OBJECTIVE: To determine the association of parental use of integrated personal health records (PHRs) with children's adherence to immunization and well-child care (WCC) visit recommendations. STUDY DESIGN: For the immunization and WCC visit measures, we retrospectively analyzed, respectively, 766 and 639 matched pairs at Kaiser Permanente (KP) Hawaii and 2795 and 2448 pairs at KP Northwest who were ≤ 31 days old at enrollment and continuously enrolled for 2 years between January 2007 and July 2011. The independent variable (≥ 1 PHR feature used vs none) was matched using propensity scores on parental and children characteristics. The dependent variables were 2 measures from the 2010 Healthcare Effectiveness Data and Information Set: combination 2 immunization (all immunizations vs .05; KP Northwest OR 1.2, 95% CI 1.0-1.3, P < .05). PHR use was associated with better adherence to WCC visit recommendations for both KP Hawaii (OR 1.9, 95% CI 1.3-2.9, P < .001) and KP Northwest (OR 2.5, 95% CI 2.1-2.9, P < .001). CONCLUSIONS: Young children whose parents used a PHR were more likely to adhere to the recommended WCC visits in both regions but immunizations in only 1 region.

Asunto(s)

Registros de Salud Personal , Accesibilidad a los Servicios de Salud/normas , Inmunización/estadística & datos numéricos , Guías de Práctica Clínica como Asunto , Calidad de la Atención de Salud , Femenino , Hawaii , Humanos , Inmunización/normas , Recién Nacido , Masculino , Estudios Retrospectivos

RESUMEN

OBJECTIVE: To detect the snail habitats from the marshland of Eastern Dongting Lake Area, using the Remote Sensing (RS) and Geographic Information System (GIS) technology based on the China-Brazil Earth Resources Satellite-02B (CBERS-02B) CCD images. METHODS: According to the two typical traits of snail habitats in marshland including "water in summer and land in winter" and "no grass, no snails", the "water in summer and land in winter" region and the vegetation coverage region were calculated by RS image processing respectively. The two regions mentioned above were then overlapped to confirm the snail habitats through comparing with the data from field survey under spatial overlapping of Arcgis as the last step. RESULTS: In Eastern Dongting Lake area, the "water in summer and land in winter" region and vegetation coverage region were predicted based on the formula normalized difference water index (NDWI) > 0.01 and normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) > 0.36, respectively. The snail habitat was determined by theme overlay of the two regions said above. The agreement rate between the prediction and the geospatial data of field survey was 93.55%, which demonstrated the final results were credible and reliable. CONCLUSION: CBERS-02B image could be used to detect the snail habitats and to monitor the changes of them, so as to find out the characteristics of distribution and the trends of diffusion. The snail index (discriminant 1 and 2) seemed to be suitable for the detection of snail habitats in the marshland of Lake area and used for the programs of snail control.

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Ecosistema , Sistemas de Información Geográfica , Caracoles , Animales , China , Monitoreo del Ambiente , Imágenes Satelitales , Agua

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In the present study, we investigated the application of 13 short tandem repeat (STR) loci (D13S317, D7S820, TH01, D16S539, CSFIPO, VWA, D8S1179, TPOX, FGA, D3S1358, D21S11, D18S51 and D5S818) routinely used in forensic analysis, for delineating population relationships among seven human populations representing the two major geographic groups, namely the southern and northern Chinese. The resulting single topology revealed pronounced geographic and population partitioning, consistent with the differences in geographic location, languages and eating habits. These findings suggest that forensic STR loci might be particularly powerful tools in providing the necessary fine resolution for reconstructing recent human evolutionary history.

RESUMEN

In the present study, we investigated the application of 13 short tandem repeat (STR) loci (D13S317, D7S820, TH01, D16S539, CSFIPO, VWA, D8S1179, TPOX, FGA, D3S1358, D21S11, D18S51 and D5S818) routinely used in forensic analysis, for delineating population relationships among seven human populations representing the two major geographic groups, namely the southern and northern Chinese. The resulting single topology revealed pronounced geographic and population partitioning, consistent with the differences in geographic location, languages and eating habits. These findings suggest that forensic STR loci might be particularly powerful tools in providing the necessary fine resolution for reconstructing recent human evolutionary history.

Asunto(s)

Humanos , Medicina Legal , Genética de Población

RESUMEN

Episodic and spatial memories engage the hippocampus during acquisition but migrate to the cerebral cortex over time. We have recently proposed that the interplay between slow-wave (SWS) and rapid eye movement (REM) sleep propagates recent synaptic changes from the hippocampus to the cortex. To test this theory, we jointly assessed extracellular neuronal activity, local field potentials (LFP), and expression levels of plasticity-related immediate-early genes (IEG) arc and zif-268 in rats exposed to novel spatio-tactile experience. Post-experience firing rate increases were strongest in SWS and lasted much longer in the cortex (hours) than in the hippocampus (minutes). During REM sleep, firing rates showed strong temporal dependence across brain areas: cortical activation during experience predicted hippocampal activity in the first post-experience hour, while hippocampal activation during experience predicted cortical activity in the third post-experience hour. Four hours after experience, IEG expression was specifically upregulated during REM sleep in the cortex, but not in the hippocampus. Arc gene expression in the cortex was proportional to LFP amplitude in the spindle-range (10-14 Hz) but not to firing rates, as expected from signals more related to dendritic input than to somatic output. The results indicate that hippocampo-cortical activation during waking is followed by multiple waves of cortical plasticity as full sleep cycles recur. The absence of equivalent changes in the hippocampus may explain its mnemonic disengagement over time.