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BACKGROUND: Insulin resistance (IR) is prevalent in individuals undergoing peritoneal dialysis (PD) and is related to increased susceptibility to coronary artery disease and initial peritonitis. In recent investigations, correlations have been found between indices of IR and the incidence of all-cause mortality in various populations. However, such correlations have not been detected among individuals undergoing PD. Hence, the present study's aim was to explore the connections between IR indices and the incidence of all-cause mortality in PD patients. METHODS: Peritoneal dialysis patients (n = 1736) were recruited from multiple PD centres between January 2010 and December 2021. Cox proportional hazards and restricted cubic spline regression models were used to evaluate the connections between the triglyceride-glucose (TyG) index, triglyceride-glucose/body mass index (TyG-BMI), and triglyceride/high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (TG/HDL-C) ratio and the occurrence of all-cause mortality. All three IR indices were integrated into the same model to assess the predictive stability. Furthermore, a forest plot was employed to display the findings of the subgroup analysis of PD patients. RESULTS: Overall, 378 mortality events were recorded during a median follow-up time of 2098 days. Among PD patients, a higher TyG index, TyG-BMI, and TG/HDL-C ratio were identified as independent risk factors for all-cause mortality according to Cox proportional hazards analyses (hazard ratio (HR) 1.588, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.261-2.000; HR 1.428, 95% CI 1.067-1.910; HR 1.431, 95% CI 1.105-1.853, respectively). In a model integrating the three IR indices, the TyG index showed the highest predictive stability. According to the forest plot for the TyG index, no significant interactions were observed among the subgroups. CONCLUSION: Significant associations were found between the TyG index, TyG-BMI, and TG/HDL-C ratio and the incidence of all-cause mortality among PD patients. The TyG index may be the most stable of the three surrogate IR markers. Finally, a correlation was identified between IR and the risk of all-cause mortality in patients undergoing PD.

Asunto(s)

Índice de Masa Corporal , Resistencia a la Insulina , Diálisis Peritoneal , Triglicéridos , Humanos , Diálisis Peritoneal/mortalidad , Masculino , Femenino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Triglicéridos/sangre , Factores de Riesgo , Modelos de Riesgos Proporcionales , Anciano , Glucemia , HDL-Colesterol/sangre , Adulto

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BACKGROUND: Extragastrointestinal stromal tumors (EGIST) and gastrointestinal stromal tumors are of similar pathological type and form. Here we report a rare case of EGIST diffusely distributed in membranous tissue in abdominal cavity, the feature of which included diffuse tumors at membranous tissue in entire abdominal cavity and spontaneous bleeding of the tumors. CASE SUMMARY: The patient was a 71-year man and hospitalized due to continuous pain at lower abdomen for more than 10 days. Upon physical examination, the patient had flat and tough abdomen with mild pressing pain at lower abdomen, no obvious abdominal mass was touchable, and shifting dullness was positive. Positron emission tomography-computed tomography (CT) showed that in his peritoneal cavity, there were multiple nodules of various sizes, seroperitoneum, multiple enlarged lymph nodes in abdominal/pelvic cavity and right external ilium as well as pulmonary nodules. Plain CT scanning at epigastrium/hypogastrium/pelvic cavity + enhanced three-dimensional reconstruction revealed multiple soft tissue nodules in abdominal/pelvic cavity, peritoneum and right groin. Tumor marker of carbohydrate antigen 125 was 808 U/mL, diffuse tuberous tumor was seen in abdominal/pelvic cavity during operation with hematocelia, and postoperative pathological examination confirmed EGIST. Imatinib was administered with better therapeutic effect. CONCLUSION: Gene testing showed breast cancer susceptibility gene 1 interacting protein C-terminal helicase 1 and KIT genovariation, and the patient was treated with imatinib follow-up visit found that his clinical symptoms disappeared and the tumor load alleviated obviously via imageological examination.

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The exposure of advanced glycation end products (AGEs) can induce chronic inflammation, oxidative stress, and accelerated aging, contributing the onset and progression of many diseases especially diabetic complications. Therefore, the searching of antiglycative foods is of practical significance, which may serve as a strategy in the attenuation of AGEs-associated diseases. In this study, we evaluated the antiglycative potential of some beans and bean sprouts that were common in our daily life. The results revealed that sprouting enhanced the antiglycative activity of beans, with black soybean sprouts demonstrating the highest efficacy (4.92-fold higher than the unsprouted beans). To assess practical implications, we examined the antiglycative activity of black soybean sprouts in pork soup, a popular food model that incorporates sprouts. Our findings confirmed the inhibitory effect on a dose-dependent manner. Through open column fractionation, we identified isoflavones and soyasaponin Bb as the candidates responsible for these effects. Additionally, compare to the unsprouted black soybeans, we found significant increases in the levels of antioxidative properties (2.51-fold), total phenolics (7.28-fold), isoflavones, and soyasaponin Bb during the sprouting process. Further studies determined that genistein, genistin, and daidzin were the major antiglycative compounds in black soybean sprouts. Collectively, this study emphasizes the benefits of sprouted beans and offers foundation for the development of functional sprouting foods.

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Modern, highly abundant materials called metal-organic structures (MOF) comprise metal ions and organic coordinating molecules and have attracted attention as potential biomedical materials due to their unusual properties. In the present study, the anticancer drug sorafenib (SF) and the Kaempferol (KM) were encapsulated in a nanocomposite made of bovine serum albumin (BA) as the core and pH-dependent zeolitic imidazolate framework-8 (ZIF) coating. To develop a multifunctional nanocarrier, polydopamine, Au3+ chelation, and gallic acid (GL) conjugation were used to build BA@SF@ZIF and BA@SF@ZIF/KM. A variety of characterisation techniques verified the success of the nanocarrier's fabrication. Studies in vitro exhibited that BA@SF@ZIF/DA/GL and BA@SF@ZIF/KM/DA/GL released their respective ligands in a pH-dependent manner due to ZIF-8. These nanocarriers' cytotoxicity and apoptotic effects were measured with the MTT evaluation. Morphological and nuclear damage staining in A549 and H1299 human lung cancer cells. The cytotoxicity investigation displayed that BA@SF@ZIF/DA/GL and BA@SF@ZIF/KM/DA/GL were more efficient than free sorafenib in A549 and H1299 cells with less toxicity in HUVECs. The DNA fragmentation of the cells was assessed by utilizing the comet assay. BA@SF@ZIF/KM/DA/GL increased ROS levels and caused mitochondrial membrane potential and DNA damage, which resulted in apoptosis. Therefore, we believe the developed smart BA@SF@ZIF/KM/DA/GL could be a promising therapeutic approach using sorafenib for lung cancer therapy.

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Efforts have been devoted to developing strategies for converting spider silk proteins (spidroins) into functional silk materials. However, studies mimicking the exact natural spinning process of spiders encounter arduous challenges. In this paper, consistent with the natural spinning process of spiders, we report a high-efficient spinning strategy that enables the mass preparation of multifunctional artificial spider silk at different scales. By simulating the structural stability mechanism of the cross-ß-spine of the amyloid polypeptide by computer dynamics, we designed and obtained an artificial amyloid spidroin with a significantly increased yield (13.5 g/L). Using the obtained artificial amyloid spidroin, we fabricated artificial spiders with artificial spinning glands (hollow MNs). Notably, by combining artificial spiders with 3D printing, we perform patterned air spinning at the macro- and microscales, and the resulting patterned artificial spider silk has excellent pump-free liquid flow and conductive and frictional electrical properties. Based on these findings, we used macroscale artificial spider silk to treat rheumatoid arthritis in mice and micro artificial spider silk to prepare wound dressings for diabetic mice. We believe that artificial spider silk based on an exact spinning strategy will provide a high-efficient way to construct and modulate the next generation of smart materials.

Asunto(s)

Fibroínas , Arañas , Animales , Fibroínas/química , Arañas/química , Ratones , Agujas , Impresión Tridimensional , Seda/química , Aire

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Postharvest blueberry fruit is prone to softening. Protein phosphorylation is an important post-translational modification that was involved in fruit softening. However, little is known about protein phosphorylation in postharvest blueberry fruit softening. The firmness, the apparent morphology, and cell structures of blueberry fruit were changed. As the decay rate of postharvest blueberry fruit increased, the soluble solid and titrable acid contents decreased significantly. Phosphoproteomic sequencing results showed that there were 4100 phosphorylated peptides, 5635 phosphorylated sites, and 1437 phosphorylated proteins and showed significant differences on 0 and 8 d. The GO database and KEGG pathway results indicated that these phosphorylated proteins were mainly involved in "biological process", "molecular function", "plant hormone signal transduction", and "metabolic pathways". Besides, a number of phosphorylated proteins were found in cell wall metabolism, plant hormone signaling, primary metabolism, energy metabolism, membrane and transport, ubiquitination-based proteins, and other metabolisms.

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The consumption of rose tea has gained popularity due to its unique flavor and health benefits. In particular, previous data exemplified the protective role of N1, N5, N10-(E)-tri-p-coumaroylspermidine (ETCS; a phenolamide) against alcohol-induced hepatic injuries. This study evaluated the customer acceptance and physicochemical properties of eight rose tea varieties that available in the market. In general, Qianye rose (Rosa centifolia) exhibits better flavor and taste, while Hetian rose (Rosa damascena Mill.) has the highest ETCS level. Moreover, a negative correlation between ETCS content and both vitamin C and anthocyanins content in rose is observed. Additionally, the optimal brewing conditions for rose tea is 95 °C mineral water for 5 min in a thermos bottle, based on ETCS level in the infusion. And rose tea can be brewed for at least three times. Collectively, our findings provide valuable insights for rose tea drinkers and individuals interested in the dietary hepatic-protective benefits.

RESUMEN

BACKGROUND: This study aimed to evaluate the application value and safety of Warfarin, Rivaroxaban, and Dabigatran in elderly patients with atrial fibrillation. METHODS: A total of 180 elderly patients with atrial fibrillation admitted to our hospital were retrospectively analyzed. According to their anticoagulant treatment regimen, patients were divided into three groups: Warfarin (57 cases), Rivaroxaban (61 cases), and Dabigatran (62 cases). General demographic information was collected, and coagulation function indicators-including fibrinogen (FIB), thrombin time (PT), activated partial thrombin time (APTT), and D-dimer (D-D)-as well as liver function indexes-including total bilirubin (TbiL), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), and alanine transferase (ALT)-were compared before and after 4 weeks of treatment. RESULTS: There were no significant differences in demographic characteristics such as gender, age, body mass index, or disease course among the three groups. The total effective rate in the Warfarin group (84.21%) was significantly lower than in the Rivaroxaban (98.36%) and Dabigatran (96.77%) groups (p < 0.05). However, there was no significant difference in the total effective rate between the Rivaroxaban and Dabigatran groups (p > 0.05). Additionally, no significant differences were found in the effects of the three drugs on coagulation function, liver function, or the incidence of bleeding (p = 0.052). CONCLUSION: Warfarin, Rivaroxaban, and Dabigatran can effectively prevent thrombosis in elderly patients with atrial fibrillation, with Rivaroxaban and Dabigatran showing superior effectiveness. All three drugs demonstrated similar low rates of bleeding events and had no significant impact on coagulation and liver function.

Asunto(s)

Anticoagulantes , Fibrilación Atrial , Coagulación Sanguínea , Dabigatrán , Rivaroxabán , Warfarina , Humanos , Dabigatrán/efectos adversos , Dabigatrán/uso terapéutico , Fibrilación Atrial/tratamiento farmacológico , Fibrilación Atrial/complicaciones , Rivaroxabán/efectos adversos , Rivaroxabán/uso terapéutico , Masculino , Femenino , Anciano , Estudios Retrospectivos , Warfarina/efectos adversos , Warfarina/uso terapéutico , Anticoagulantes/efectos adversos , Anticoagulantes/uso terapéutico , Coagulación Sanguínea/efectos de los fármacos , Resultado del Tratamiento , Anciano de 80 o más Años , Antitrombinas/efectos adversos , Antitrombinas/uso terapéutico , Hemorragia/inducido químicamente , Hemorragia/epidemiología

RESUMEN

Agonistic antibodies against CD137 have been demonstrated to completely regress established tumors through activating T cell immunity. Unfortunately, current CD137 antibodies failed to benefit patients with cancer. Moreover, their antitumor mechanisms in vivo remain to be determined. Here, we report the development of a small molecular CD137 agonist, JNU-0921. JNU-0921 effectively activates both human and mouse CD137 through direct binding their extracellular domains to induce oligomerization and signaling and effectively shrinks tumors in vivo. Mechanistically, JNU-0921 enhances effector and memory function of cytotoxic CD8+ T cells (CTLs) and alleviates their exhaustion. JNU-0921 also skews polarization of helper T cells toward T helper 1 type and enhances their activity to boost CTL function. Meanwhile, JNU-0921 attenuates the inhibitory function of regulatory T cells on CTLs. Our current work shows that JNU-0921 shrinks tumors by enhancing the cytotoxicity of CTLs in cis and in trans and sheds light on strategy for developing CD137 small molecular agonists.

Asunto(s)

Linfocitos T CD8-positivos , Miembro 9 de la Superfamilia de Receptores de Factores de Necrosis Tumoral , Animales , Miembro 9 de la Superfamilia de Receptores de Factores de Necrosis Tumoral/agonistas , Miembro 9 de la Superfamilia de Receptores de Factores de Necrosis Tumoral/inmunología , Humanos , Ratones , Linfocitos T CD8-positivos/inmunología , Linfocitos T CD8-positivos/efectos de los fármacos , Línea Celular Tumoral , Linfocitos T Citotóxicos/inmunología , Linfocitos T Citotóxicos/efectos de los fármacos , Antineoplásicos/farmacología , Transducción de Señal/efectos de los fármacos , Citotoxicidad Inmunológica/efectos de los fármacos , Ensayos Antitumor por Modelo de Xenoinjerto , Neoplasias/inmunología , Neoplasias/tratamiento farmacológico , Neoplasias/patología

RESUMEN

BACKGROUND: Sanqi, the root of Panax notoginseng, has long been recognized for its therapeutic effects on cardiovascular diseases. Saponins, including ginsenosides and notoginsenosides, are the main bioactive components of P. notoginseng. The biosynthesis of saponins is closely related to the defense responses orchestrated by endogenous hormones. RESULTS: To provide new insights into the underlying role of phytohormone jasmonic acid (JA) in the synthesis and regulation of saponins, we performed an ultra-performance liquid chromatography analysis of different tissues of P. notoginseng aged 2-4 years. Moreover, by combined evaluation of saponin content and transcriptome profiling of each tissue, the spatial and temporal distribution of saponins was analyzed. N notoginsenoside R1, ginsenoside Rb1 and ginsenoside Rd accumulated in the underground tissues, including the root, tuqi, fibril and rhizome. In agreement with this data, the corresponding genes of the endogenous hormone JAs, especially coronatine insensitive 1 (COI1) and myelocytomatosis proteins 2 (MYC2), were predominantly expressed in the underground tissues. The tissue- and age-specific distribution of saponins was consistent with the expression of genes involved in JA biosynthetic, metabolic and signaling pathways. CONCLUSION: The present study has revealed the temporal and spatial effects of endogenous phtohormones in the synthesis and regulation of notoginsenosides, which will provide a significant impact on improving the ecological planting technology, cultivating new high-quality varieties and protecting the rare resources of medicinal P. notoginseng. © 2024 Society of Chemical Industry.

RESUMEN

Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) is a redox cofactor and signal central to cell metabolisms. Disrupting NAD homeostasis in plant alters growth and stress resistance, yet the underlying mechanisms remain largely unknown. Here, by combining genetics with multi-omics, we discover that NAD+ deficiency in qs-2 caused by mutation in NAD+ biosynthesis gene-Quinolinate Synthase retards growth but induces biosynthesis of defense compounds, notably aliphatic glucosinolates that confer insect resistance. The elevated defense in qs-2 is resulted from activated jasmonate biosynthesis, critically hydroperoxidation of α-linolenic acid by the 13-lipoxygenase (namely LOX2), which is escalated via the burst of chloroplastic ROS-singlet oxygen (1O2). The NAD+ deficiency-mediated JA induction and defense priming sequence in plants is recapitulated upon insect infestation, suggesting such defense mechanism operates in plant stress response. Hence, NAD homeostasis is a pivotal metabolic checkpoint that may be manipulated to navigate plant growth and defense metabolism for stress acclimation.

Asunto(s)

Proteínas de Arabidopsis , Arabidopsis , Ciclopentanos , NAD , Oxilipinas , Ciclopentanos/metabolismo , Oxilipinas/metabolismo , NAD/metabolismo , NAD/biosíntesis , Arabidopsis/genética , Arabidopsis/metabolismo , Proteínas de Arabidopsis/metabolismo , Proteínas de Arabidopsis/genética , Regulación de la Expresión Génica de las Plantas , Homeostasis , Animales , Mutación , Lipooxigenasa/metabolismo , Lipooxigenasa/genética , Glucosinolatos/metabolismo , Glucosinolatos/biosíntesis , Especies Reactivas de Oxígeno/metabolismo , Estrés Fisiológico

RESUMEN

Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a prevalent chronic skin condition characterized by complex immune responses. Chamomile possesses potent anti-inflammatory properties and has been widely used in treating various skin diseases. This study aimed to assess the therapeutic benefits of chamomile volatile oil nanoemulsion gels (CVO-NEGs) for the treatment of AD. Chamomile volatile oil nanoemulsions (CVO-NEs) were prepared using the phase transition method, yielding spherical nanoparticles with a particle size of 19.07 nm. Subsequently, Bletilla striata polysaccharides were employed to encapsulate CVO-NEs, resulting in the formation of CVO-NEGs. In vivo studies demonstrated that the preparation of CVO-NEGs enhanced the biological activity of volatile oil in AD therapy. Histopathological results indicated that CVO-NEGs reduced skin damage, epidermal thickness, and mast cell infiltration. CVO-NEGs suppressed IgG production and reduced the levels of cytokines, including TNF-α, IL-4, and IFN-γ, in AD mice. Furthermore, flow cytometry revealed that CVO-NEGs were involved in regulating the differentiation of CD4+ T cell subsets. The immune imbalance of Th1/Th2 in AD mice can be controlled, resulting in a reduction in the hypersensitivity reaction caused by excessive Th2 activation. In conclusion, the present study confirms that CVO-NEGs have the potential to serve as an effective alternative treatment for AD.

Asunto(s)

Manzanilla , Citocinas , Dermatitis Atópica , Emulsiones , Aceites Volátiles , Polisacáridos , Dermatitis Atópica/tratamiento farmacológico , Dermatitis Atópica/patología , Animales , Aceites Volátiles/farmacología , Aceites Volátiles/química , Polisacáridos/farmacología , Polisacáridos/química , Emulsiones/química , Ratones , Manzanilla/química , Citocinas/metabolismo , Geles/química , Nanopartículas/química , Piel/efectos de los fármacos , Piel/patología , Femenino , Ratones Endogámicos BALB C , Modelos Animales de Enfermedad

RESUMEN

Microplastics (MPs) pose significant concerns for marine ecological security due to their minuteness and ubiquity. However, comprehensive knowledge on their distribution and fate in seawater columns remains limited. This study investigated the abundances and characteristics of MPs across 3-6 water layers in the South Yellow Sea and East China Sea. Results indicate that high-abundance small MPs (< 100 µm) (average 6567 items/m3) were hidden beneath the sea-surface, predominantly fine-grained particles (< 20 µm) and high-density polymers (> 1.03 g/cm3). The total suspended MPs (5.0-834.2 µm) are estimated at 2.9-3.1 × 1017 particles, with most of them occurring in upper layers. In profiles, their distribution varied by physical properties with depth; fragment-shaped and high-density MPs increased in proportion at greater depths, contrasting with fibrous MPs. These MPs originated primarily from the Yangtze River and their winter transport was driven by the Yangtze River Dilution Water, East China Sea Coastal Current, and Yellow Sea Warm Current, resulting in their accumulation in coastal and estuarine regions. Consequently, the Yangtze River Estuary ecosystem faces substantial risks from MP pollution throughout the water column. This work unveils the prevalence of small MPs in coastal water columns and intricate interaction between their fate and hydrodynamic conditions.

RESUMEN

The orf virus (ORFV) poses a serious threat to the health of domestic small ruminants (i.e., sheep and goats) and humans on a global scale, causing around $150 million in annual losses to livestock industry. However, the host factors involved in ORFV infection and replication are still elusive. In this study, we compared the RNA-seq profiles of ORFV-infected or non-infected sheep testicular interstitial cells (STICs) and identified a novel host gene, potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily E member 4 (KCNE4), as a key host factor involved in the ORFV infection. Both RNA-seq data and RT-qPCR assay revealed a significant increase in the expression of KCNE4 in the infected STICs from 9 to 48 h post infection (hpi). On the other hand, the RT-qPCR assay detected a decrease in ORFV copy number in both the STICs transfected by KCNE4 siRNA and the KCNE4 knockout (KO) HeLa cells after the ORFV infection, together with a reduced fluorescence ratio of ORFV-GFP in the KO HeLa cells at 24 hpi, indicating KCNE4 to be critical for the ORFV infection. Furthermore, the attachment and internalization assays showed decreased ORFV attachment, internalization, replication, and release by the KO HeLa cells, demonstrating a potential inhibition of ORFV entry into the cells by KCNE4. Pretreatment with the KCNE4 inhibitors such as quinidine and fluoxetine significantly repressed the ORFV infection. All our findings reveal KCNE4 as a novel host regulator of the ORFV entry and replication, shedding new insight into the interactive mechanism of ORFV infection. The study also highlights the K+ channels as possible druggable targets to impede viral infection and disease.

Asunto(s)

Virus del Orf , Canales de Potasio con Entrada de Voltaje , Internalización del Virus , Animales , Humanos , Ovinos , Canales de Potasio con Entrada de Voltaje/genética , Canales de Potasio con Entrada de Voltaje/metabolismo , Células HeLa , Virus del Orf/genética , Virus del Orf/fisiología , Replicación Viral , Interacciones Huésped-Patógeno , Masculino , Ectima Contagioso/virología

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Human aortic vascular smooth muscle cells (HA-VSMCs) play vital roles in the pathogenesis of vascular diseases, including Atherosclerosis (AS). Circular RNAs (circRNAs) have been reported to regulate the biological functions of HA-VSMCs. Therefore, this study aimed to explore the role and mechanism of hsa_circRNA_102353 (circ_0007765) in platelet-derived growth factor-BB (PDGF-BB)-induced HA-VSMCs. Circ_0007765, microRNA-654-3p (miR-654-3p), and Fibroblast Growth Factor Receptor Substrate 2 (FRS2) expression were measured using real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR). Cell proliferative ability, invasion, and migration were detected by 3-(4, 5-dimethyl-2-thiazolyl)-2, 5-diphenyl-2-H-tetrazolium bromide (MTT), 5-ethynyl-2'-deoxyuridine (EdU), Transwell, and wound healing assays. CyclinD1, MMP2, and FRS2 protein levels were assessed using a Western blot assay. Binding between miR-654-3p and circ_0007765 or FRS2 was predicted by Circinteractome or TargetScan, and verified using dual-luciferase reporter and RNA pull-down assays. PDGF-BB induced HA-VSMC proliferation, invasion, and migration. Circ_0007765 and FRS2 expression levels were increased in PDGF-BB-treated HA-VSMCs, and the miR-654-3p level was reduced. Moreover, circ_0007765 absence hindered PDGF-BB-induced HA-VSMC proliferation, invasion, and migration in vitro. At the molecular level, circ_0007765 increased FRS2 expression by acting as a sponge for miR-654-3p. Our findings revealed that circ_0007765 boosted PDGF-BB-induced HA-VSMC proliferation and migration through elevating FRS2 expression via adsorbing miR-654-3p, providing a feasible therapeutic strategy for AS.

Asunto(s)

Proteínas Adaptadoras Transductoras de Señales , Aterosclerosis , Becaplermina , Movimiento Celular , Proliferación Celular , Proteínas de la Membrana , MicroARNs , Músculo Liso Vascular , Miocitos del Músculo Liso , ARN Circular , Transducción de Señal , Humanos , Músculo Liso Vascular/patología , Músculo Liso Vascular/metabolismo , Músculo Liso Vascular/efectos de los fármacos , Proliferación Celular/efectos de los fármacos , ARN Circular/metabolismo , ARN Circular/genética , Becaplermina/farmacología , Movimiento Celular/efectos de los fármacos , Miocitos del Músculo Liso/patología , Miocitos del Músculo Liso/metabolismo , Miocitos del Músculo Liso/efectos de los fármacos , MicroARNs/metabolismo , MicroARNs/genética , Aterosclerosis/patología , Aterosclerosis/metabolismo , Aterosclerosis/genética , Células Cultivadas , Proteínas Adaptadoras Transductoras de Señales/metabolismo , Proteínas Adaptadoras Transductoras de Señales/genética , Proteínas de la Membrana/metabolismo , Proteínas de la Membrana/genética , Aorta/patología , Aorta/metabolismo , Metaloproteinasa 2 de la Matriz/metabolismo , Metaloproteinasa 2 de la Matriz/genética , Regulación de la Expresión Génica , Ratones Noqueados para ApoE , Animales

RESUMEN

OBJECTIVE: To assess the neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (NLR), platelet to lymphocyte ratio (PLR) and systemic immune-inflammatory index (SII), as diagnostic markers for neonatal sepsis. METHODS: This retrospective study involve neonates with sepsis and healthy neonates as controls. NLR, PLR, and SII were compared between groups. RESULT: In total, 60 neonates with sepsis and 60 healthy controls were involved in the study. Compared with controls, the sepsis group had higher values for NLR, PLR and SII. Logistic regression analysis suggested that the NLR, PLR and SII were independent risk factors for neonatal sepsis. In addition, receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis indicated that the NLR, PLR and SII were reliable predictors of neonatal sepsis and SII had the best predictive value. CONCLUSIONS: NLR, PLR and SII appear to be useful indicators for predicting neonatal sepsis.

Asunto(s)

Biomarcadores , Plaquetas , Linfocitos , Sepsis Neonatal , Neutrófilos , Curva ROC , Humanos , Neutrófilos/inmunología , Neutrófilos/patología , Recién Nacido , Masculino , Sepsis Neonatal/diagnóstico , Sepsis Neonatal/sangre , Sepsis Neonatal/inmunología , Femenino , Linfocitos/inmunología , Plaquetas/inmunología , Plaquetas/patología , Biomarcadores/sangre , Estudios Retrospectivos , Recuento de Plaquetas , Estudios de Casos y Controles , Recuento de Linfocitos , Inflamación/sangre , Inflamación/diagnóstico , Inflamación/inmunología , Factores de Riesgo

RESUMEN

The volatile organic compounds of six spices, including black pepper, dried ginger, cinnamon, fennel, clove, and zanthoxylum, were analyzed by gas chromatography-ion mobility spectrometry (HS-GC-IMS) combined with principal component analysis (PCA) and Euclidean distance. In further analyses, the effects of volatile oils in six spices on ulcerative colitis were assayed in a zebrafish model induced by 3-nitrobenzenesulfonic acid. A total of 120 kinds of volatile organic compounds were detected and 80 among them were identified, which included 10 common components and 3 to 24 characteristic components belonging to different spices. The major VOCs in six spices were estimated to be terpenes with the contents of 45.02%, 56.87%, 36.68%, 58.19%, 68.68%, and 30.62%, respectively. Meanwhile, the volatile components of fennel, dried ginger, black pepper, and cinnamon are quite similar, but differ from clove and zanthoxylum. The volatile oils in six spices presented efficient activity to improve ulcerative colitis which can decrease the number of neutrophils, restore the structure of intestinal epithelial and the morphology of the epithelial cells. Our study achieved rapid analysis of the volatile organic compounds and flavors in six spices and further revealed the potential health benefits of their volatile oils on ulcerative colitis, especially for clove and zanthoxylum. This study is expected to provide certain data support for the quality evaluation and the potential use in functional foods of six spices.

Asunto(s)

Colitis Ulcerosa , Especias , Compuestos Orgánicos Volátiles , Pez Cebra , Colitis Ulcerosa/inducido químicamente , Especias/análisis , Compuestos Orgánicos Volátiles/análisis , Animales , Aceites Volátiles/química , Aceites Volátiles/farmacología , Aceites Volátiles/análisis , Cromatografía de Gases y Espectrometría de Masas/métodos , Espectrometría de Movilidad Iónica/métodos , Modelos Animales de Enfermedad , Análisis de Componente Principal , Zanthoxylum/química , Cinnamomum zeylanicum/química

RESUMEN

ESKAPE pathogens are a panel of most recalcitrant bacteria that could "escape" the treatment of antibiotics and exhibit high incidence of drug resistance. The emergence of multidrug-resistant (MDR) ESKAPE pathogens (particularly Gram-negative bacteria) accounts for high risk of mortality and increased resource utilization in health care. Worse still, there has been no new class of antibiotics approved for exterminating the Gram-negative bacteria for more than 50 years. Therefore, it is urgent to develop novel antibacterial agents with low resistance and potent killing efficacy against Gram-negative ESKAPE pathogens. Herein, we present a class of fluoropolymers by mimicking the amphiphilicity of cationic antimicrobial peptides. Our optimal fluoroamphiphilic polymer (PD45HF5) displayed selective antimicrobial ability for all MDR Gram-negative ESAKPE pathogens, low resistance, high in vitro cell selectivity, and in vivo curative efficacy. These findings implied great potential of fluoroamphiphilic cationic polymers as promising antibacterial agents against MDR Gram-negative ESKAPE bacteria and alleviating antibiotic resistance.

Asunto(s)

Antibacterianos , Farmacorresistencia Bacteriana Múltiple , Bacterias Gramnegativas , Pruebas de Sensibilidad Microbiana , Polímeros , Farmacorresistencia Bacteriana Múltiple/efectos de los fármacos , Bacterias Gramnegativas/efectos de los fármacos , Antibacterianos/farmacología , Antibacterianos/química , Polímeros/química , Polímeros/farmacología , Humanos , Animales , Infecciones por Bacterias Gramnegativas/tratamiento farmacológico , Infecciones por Bacterias Gramnegativas/microbiología

RESUMEN

Coordinating the interfacial interaction between Pt-based nanoparticles (NPs) and supports is a significant strategy for the modulation of d-orbital electronic configuration and the adsorption behaviors of intermediates, which is of critical importance for boosting electrocatalytic performance. Herein, we demonstrated a specific synergy effect between the ordered PtFe intermetallic and neighboring oxygen vacancies (Ov), which provides an "ensemble reaction pool" to balance the barriers of both the activity, stability, and CO poisoning issues for the methanol oxidation reaction (MOR). In our proposed "ensemble reaction pool", the deprotonation of methanol occurs on the Pt site to form the intermediate *CO, where the strain derived from the PtFe intermetallic could alter the d-orbital electronic configuration of Pt, intrinsically weakening the *CO adsorption energy, and Ov in CeO2 promote hydroxyl species (*OH) adsorption, which will react with *CO, facilitating the dissociative adsorption of *CO, thus cooperatively enhancing the performance of MOR. The X-ray absorption fine structure (XAFS) analyses reveal the electron transfer in CeO2 and then convert Ce4+ to Ce3+. The density functional theory (DFT) calculations revealed that introducing Fe induces strain could modify the d-band center of Pt, and thus lower the energy barrier of the potential-determining step. Meanwhile, the introduction of CeO2 can favor the *OH adsorption, speeding up the oxidation and removal of *CO blocked at the Pt site. Furthermore, the determined atomic arrangement and surface composition of PtFe intermetallic further guarantee the stability of MOR by suppressing less-noble metal into the electrolyte.

RESUMEN

BACKGROUND: MOTS-c is known as mitochondrial open reading frame (ORF) of the twelve S c, produced by a small ORF-encoded peptides (SEPs) in mitochondrial 12S rRNA region. There is growing evidence that MOTS-c has a strong relationship with the expression of inflammation- and metabolism-associated genes and metabolic homeostasis, and even offering some protection against insulin resistance (IR). However, studies have reported inconsistent correlations between different population characteristics and MOTS-c levels. This meta-analysis aims to elucidate MOTS-c levels in physiological and pathological states, and its correlation with metabolic features in various physiological states. METHODS: We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to synthesize the evidence of changes in blood MOTS-c concentration, and any association between MOTS-c and population characteristic. The Web of Science, PubMed, EMBASE, CNKI, WANGFANG and VIP databases were searched from inception to April 2023. The statistical analysis was summarized using the standardized mean difference (SMD) and 95% confidence interval (95% CIs). Pearson correlation coefficient was used to analyze the correlation and generate forest plots through a random-effects model. Additional analyses as sensitivity and subgroup analyses were performed to identify the origins of heterogeneity. Publication bias was retrieved by means of a funnel-plot analysis and Egger's test. All related statistical analyses were performed using Revman 5.3 and Stata 15 statistical software. RESULT: There are 6 case-control studies and 1 cross-sectional study (11 groups) including 602 participants in our current meta-analysis. Overall analysis results showed plasma MOTS-c concentration in diabetes and obesity patients was significantly reduced (SMD = - 0.37; 95% CI- 0.53 to - 0.20; P < 0.05). After subgroup analysis, the present analysis has yielded opposite results for MOTS-c changes in obesity (SMD = 0.51; 95% CI 0.21 to 0.81; P < 0.05) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) (SMD = - 0.89; 95% CI - 1.12 to - 0.65; P < 0.05) individuals. Moreover, the correlation analysis was performed to identify that MOTS-c levels were significantly positively correlated with TC (r = 0.29, 95% CI 0.20 to 0.38) and LDL-c (r = 0.30, 95% CI 0.22 to 0.39). The subgroup analysis results showed that MOTS-c decreased significantly in patients with diabetes (SMD = - 0.89; 95% CI- 1.12 to - 0.65; P < 0.05). In contrast, the analysis result for obesity persons (BMI > 28 kg/ m2) was statistically significant after overweight people (BMI = 24-28 kg/ m2) were excluded (SMD = 0.51; 95% CI 0.21 to 0.81; P < 0.05), which is completely different from that of diabetes. Publication bias was insignificant (Egger's test: P = 0.722). CONCLUSION: Circulating MOTS-c level was significantly reduced in diabetic individuals but was increased significantly in obesity patients. The application of monitoring the circulating levels variability of MOTS-c in routine screening for obesity and diabetes is prospects and should be taken into consideration as an important index for the early prediction and prevention of metabolic syndrome in the future. PROSPERO registration number CRD42021248167.