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Mesenchymal stem cells from the adipose tissue (AT MSC) and the bone marrow (BM MSC) stimulated migration of melanoma B16 cells, while mammary adenocarcinoma Ca755 cells stimulated migration of mesenchymal stem cells. Mesenchymal stem cells retained these properties at late terms after γ-irradiation in vitro. Tumors that developed after injection of Ca755 cells alone and in combinations with BM MSC or AT MSC had similar histological structure corresponding to breast adenocarcinoma. Only AT MSC stimulated tumor growth, which was determined by more intensive secretion of factors stimulating proliferation of tumor cells, including chemokine CCL2. The use of AT MSC in regenerative medicine requires careful monitoring of the absence of tumors in patients.

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The summary of the study is that when using both medicines indraline doesn't influence the effectiveness of pherrocine in preventing of 137Cs accumulation in the main depositing/pooling organs. The radiation protecting medicine indraline used more intensive accumulation of radio nuclides in liver and kidney then a control. Accumulation rapidity and amount of 137Cs in liver and kidney depends on the time period between taking indraline and inflow of cesium into organism of animals. For the case when animals being exposured by external gamma-irradiation and incorporation of 137Cs the introduction of indraline without pherrocine is not advisable.

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Effect of long-term (during 4 weeks) cincacine administration following single parenteral 241Am intake has been studied on rats depending on method (per oral or parenteral), dosage and time of treatment initiation. Cincacine administration leads to limitation of radionuclide incorporation in the major organs of deposition for the both methods of introduction. At the parenteral 241Am intake in the organism parenteral cincacine administration was found to be more effective compared to per oral cincacine administration even in case of its dose increase by a factor of 6 and 12. At the parenteral introduction of the preparation, time of treatment beginning is more significant than at per oral administration.

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The present study is devoted to the investigation of effectiveness of combined prophylactic administration of riboxin and algisorbum at 239Pu per oral intake and possible mechanisms of their interaction, and also to comparative estimation of effectiveness of combined administration of the preparations at per oral and intra peritoneal methods of riboxin introduction. The experiments have been carried out on white nonlinear rats. Riboxin (per oral and intra peritoneal) and algisorbum (per oral) have been introduced to the rats both separately and combined before per oral 239Pu introduction. Data obtained as a result of the investigation showed that combined riboxin and algisorbum introduction into gastrointestinal tract before 239PU intake lead to greater decrease in the plutonium content in the organs of deposition than single algisorbum administration. Intra peritoneal riboxin introduction reduced effectiveness of per oral algisorbum administration in plutonium binding in GI tract. Efficiency of combined riboxin and algisorbum administration in the reduction of 239Pu accumulation in organs depends on the method of riboxin introduction and develops only at per oral introduction.

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An effect of cincacine at three doses (25, 150 and 300 mumol/kg) has been studied in rats receiving 241Am citrate intragastrically. The radionuclide was introduced every other day for 2 weeks. The total content was 925 kBq/kg. A cincacine administration leads to limitation of radionuclide accumulation in the major organs of deposition independent of the modes of intake. At gastrointestinal 241Am intake peroral cincacine administration is more effective in limiting this radionuclide accumulation in skeleton but less effective in reduction of its accumulation in liver compared to parenteral cincacine. No reliable dependence of cincacine efficacy on dosage has been revealed. A morphology study of organs has shown that cincacine ingestion at a dose of 150 mumol/kg for 4 weeks and at a dose of 300 mumol/kg for 2 weeks produces a toxic effect on the small intestine mucosa. 25 mumol/kg is the optimum dose and per os administration of higher doses is not expedient.

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The comparative histological and morphometric analysis of the bronchial structures of human fetal lungs was performed. Fetal lungs were taken from pregnant women living in radionuclide polluted zones (Novozibcov, Bryansk region) or in control regions (Moscow) in different periods after Chernobyl accident. Relative areas of the bronchial epithelial tubes and mesenchyme, quantity of bronchial branches and buds (end sections) of epithelial tubes on cut area unit were determined. The dates received in 1992-1993 showed the delay of fetal bronchial growth and branching in comparison with control. It can be estimated as tissue dysplasia of lungs from fetuses of mothers living in Novozibcov. The material received in 1995 showed the more intensive growth of bronchial branches in human fetal lungs than the material from Novozibcov and of the Moscow control, taken in 1992-1993. These date suggest the heterogenous character of lung prenatal morphogenesis reactions of offspring from pregnant women lived in different periods on controllable territories of Bryansk region.

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Physicochemical investigation of the biologically active supplement Marinid has been carried out. Biological accessibility of iodine containing in Marinid has been determined. About 60 micrograms of iodine can be assimilated by thyroid from one 0.5 g Marinid tablet. Daily iodine need for groups of different age can be satisfied by 1-4 tablets. Marinid reduces 90Sr resorption from gastrointestinal tract by 20-40%.

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Effect of different cincacine doses was studied in rats ingesting americium citrate during 2 weeks. As a result new data showing the possibility and efficacy of per oral cincacine administration at americium intake into digestive tract have been obtained. Dose dependence of cincacine efficacy has been stated for per oral 241Am intake. Preparation administration at a dose of 25 mumol/kg reduces amount of 241Am in skeleton, liver and kidney by 93, 90 and 33%, respectively and is optimum for radionuclide removal from the body and for the prevention of its deposition in organs. Digestive system organs and kidney structure at cincacine administration at a dose of 150 and 300 mumol/kg) to the rats ingesting 241Am have been studied.

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Lethal effect on alveolar macrophages is observed cytologically in all cases. Increase of neutrophils in alveols was found against the background of allergisation and inflammatory immune reactions. General state of patients with a syndrome of acute pulmonary damage but without parallel pulmonary pathology improved by day 5-20, neutrophillosis was moderate (22.8 +/- 8.3). On the contrary lavage liquid in patients with parallel pulmonary pathology had a high neutrophillosis (85.5 +/- 6.6). Endopulmonary cytogram allows prognosis and correction of treatment.

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137Cs transfer to the lactating rats' offspring has been investigated following daily administration of the radionuclide to the females. Certain patterns have been established for 137Cs accumulation dynamics in the female rats and their progeny during 30 days of suckling. Radiocaesium accumulation multiplicity in both female rats and offspring, as well as absorbed dose formation and a modifying effect of ferrocinum on these processes have been studied.

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The possibility of transplacental passage of Cr-90 and Cs-137 as well as their traces appearance in descendants muscles and bones beginning from the 2nd pregnancy trimester (and this was sometimes associated with teratogenic effects) was demonstrated on the abortion material (human embryos and fetuses) from the controlled zones of the Bryansk region. Statistically significant inhibition of the bronchial branching (according to the morphometry of the lung histological section) this indicating the disturbance of the lung prenatal morphogenesis during the "pseudoglandular" developmental stage was observed in the 1st trimester of the pregnancy in the descendants of the irradiated mothers. Lung hypoplasia was observed in some cases in the 2nd and 3rd trimesters of the pregnancy. Activation of lymphoid cells in the fetal lungs and the tendency to the enhancement in them of the ectopic erythroid hemopoiesis was revealed. These processes are considered as a reflection of the compensatory adaptive cellular reaction in the descendants respiratory organs in response to the tissue hypoxia and antigenic stimuli from the organism of the pregnant woman irradiated after the Chernobyl accident.

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The 137Cs placental transfer to the fetuses was studied using a daily oral 137Cs administration to pregnant rats. At day 19 of gestation, the fetuses receive 0.8% of the amount administered to the female. A daily application of ferrocinum reduces the 137Cs content of the female body by 82-84% and decreases the fetal accumulation down to 0.14%.

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Data about the biological effect of irradiation at "small" doses on prenatal development of man are reviewed. The effect of irradiation is observed either immediately after it or in progeny, as consequences of radiation damage to the embryo or fetus. Human embryos and fetuses are most sensitive to ionizing irradiation during the periods of the maximal proliferative activity and differentiation of cells. The concept is formulated that any dose of irradiation, however small, can inflict damage to the embryo or fetus. Problems and perspectives for studies in this field are discussed.

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Strontium 90 was given to rats with the diet over a period of 3 months. Administration of a modified calcium alginate reduced 90Sr deposition in the skeleton by 70-90%. No changes in the digestive organs were observed throughout the above period.

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In experiments with albino mongrel female rats a study was made of the response of the lungs to a single intratracheal injection of nitrate of 238Pu (0.4-740 kBq/kg). The nature of the inflammatory disease, the lymphoid tissue condition, pneumosclerosis occurrence, and the frequency and spectrum of lung tumors were shown to be a function of dose of the radionuclide administered.

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A study was made of the effect of intratracheal administration of 238Pu nitrate on rat thymus. Incorporation of an acutely effective dose of the radionuclide (740 kBq X kg-1) induced damages to all thymus structures. The optimal blastomogenic 238Pu amount (92.5 kBq X kg-1) administered during the chronic period of the disease caused complex changes of atrophic, hyper- and neoplastic nature the lymphoid component of the thymus being primarily damaged.

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It is shown that 249Bk nitrate injected intraperitoneally in a wide range of doses to albino mongrel female rats is preferentially accumulated in the bony tissue (39.8%) and liver (18.4%). Incorporation of 249Bk to rats results in development of osteosarcomas, neoplasms of hemopoietic and lymphoid tissues, mammary tumours, thyroid and pituitary glands.

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The types of recovery processes were demonstrated in experiments on albino rats damaged with 252Cf. The frequency and the degree of manifestation of both pathological and recovery processes were function of radiation dose and time of its formation. The results obtained indicate that changes induced by the incorporation of 252Cf, within a wide range of doses, are compensated incompletely to be manifested later by sklerotic, hyperplastic and neoplastic processes.

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