RESUMEN

Acupuncture is an emerging alternative therapy that has been beneficial for the pain of osteoarthritis (OA). However, the underlying mechanism of protective effect remains unclear. MCP1/CCR2 axis can be stimulated in various periods of OA, and we hypothesize that acupuncture may treat OA by regulating the MCP1/CCR2 axis. This study aimed to explore the effect of acupuncture at points ST35 and ST36 on the effects of hyperalgesia and cartilage in OA rats including the expression of chemokines, nerve growth factor (NGF), and inflammatory-related proteins. OA was induced in male Sprague-Dawley rats by anterior cruciate ligament transection at the right knee. The first acupuncture intervention was performed on the seventh day after surgery and once a day for seven weeks. The knee-pain-related behaviors, histology, and related protein were examined in this study. We have found that electroacupuncture at ST35 and ST36 can significantly alleviate the hyperalgesia and cartilage degeneration as well as reducing nerve sprouting in OA knee joint. Moreover, acupuncture treatment may inhibit the MCP1/CCR2 axis as well as down-regulate inflaming factor and NGF in cartilage and synovial tissue. The data presented here indicate that acupuncture exerts a protective effect against hyperalgesia and cartilage degeneration, and the mechanism might involve in chemokines and NGF pathway.

Asunto(s)

Terapia por Acupuntura , Quimiocina CCL2/metabolismo , Osteoartritis/complicaciones , Dolor/metabolismo , Dolor/prevención & control , Receptores CCR2/metabolismo , Transducción de Señal , Animales , Benzoxazinas/farmacología , Benzoxazinas/uso terapéutico , Cartílago Articular/patología , Citocinas/metabolismo , Ganglios Espinales/patología , Hiperalgesia/prevención & control , Mediadores de Inflamación/metabolismo , Articulación de la Rodilla/patología , Masculino , Factor de Crecimiento Nervioso/metabolismo , Neuronas/patología , Osteoartritis/tratamiento farmacológico , Ratas Sprague-Dawley , Receptor trkA/metabolismo , Compuestos de Espiro/farmacología , Compuestos de Espiro/uso terapéutico , Membrana Sinovial/patología

RESUMEN

Objective To study the correlation between anatomical measurement and CT measurement of adult occipital thickness so as to provide anatomic evidence for the selection of screw length in occipital-cervical fusion. Methods The occipital thickness was measured on the occipital specimens of 10 normal adults in two ways: direct anatomic measurement and CT measurement. Measurements were made on the basis of the McRac' s line and according to a matrix of 66 points following a grid with one cm spacing. The results of both measurements were statistically analyzed using SPSS 10.0. Results The results of both measurements were highly correlated. The external occipital protuberance was the thickest while the region of cerebellar fossa was the thinnest. The regions two cm lateral to the midline between plane Five and plane Six, one cm lateral to the midline between plane Four and at plane Five, and median between plane Three and plane Four were found to have a thickness of more than eight mm. Conclusions The occipital thickness varies with individuals. CT measurement and direct anatomic measurement are highly correlated. Preoperative CT measurements can be reliable evidence for optimal screw placement before performing occipital-cervical fusions.