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BACKGROUND:The existing bone grafting apparatus are al long tubular-shape, antegrade bone grafting; however, the bone grains within the tube were difficult to put through, along with large bone loss. OBJECTIVE:To design a new concept of minimaly invasive bone grafting apparatus, so as to achieve the minimaly invasive bone grafting in vertebral body and intervertebral space. METHODS: On Solidworks 2012 software platform, the 3D three-dimensional solid modeling technology was employed to design a new concept of gun-shape bone grafting device with the characteristics of headend reversely placing at the grafting position and antegrade pushout, against the problems such as antegrade bone grafting, long bone grafting path and difficulty in bone grafting existing in precious percutaneous or/and transpedicular bone graft apparatus. The virtual assembly and simulative bone grafting surgery were performed with the bone grafting apparatus for observation of the instrument matching degree and grafting surgical procedures. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: A set of minimaly invasive gun-shape bone grafting apparatus was successfuly designed; its length was 20 cm in total; the length of the front semi-closed bone tube was 2.5 cm. There are two kinds of diameter specifications: inner diameter of 3.5 mm/outer diameter of 4 mm, and inner diameter of 5 mm/outer diameter of 6 mm. Virtual assembly revealed that the grafting apparatus were wel matched. Stimulative surgery displayed that the bone grain loading and launch were simple. The gun-shape bone grafting device is reasonable in design, avoiding pushing too long distance, bone pushing difficulties, bone loss and other problems in previous tubular bone grafting apparatus. Percutaneous, endoscopic vertebrae or intervertebral space minimaly invasive bone grafting can be performed with this apparatus.
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Objective To investigate the effects of dehydrocorydaline(DHC) on complete Freund's adjuvant (CFA)-induced mechanical hyperalgesia in mice.Methods 40 mice were divided randomly into 4 groups (CFA test:experiment group =8,control group =8;locomotor activity and organ coefficient test:experiment group=12,control group =12).Subcutaneously injected CFA in the plantar of mice to establish pain model.The experimental group mice were injected with 10 mg/kg DHC while the control group mice received 10％ DMSO.The paw withdrawal mechanical threshold(PWMT) of mice was tested before and after administration of DHC.The effects of DHC on spontaneous activity and organ coefficient were observed in mice.Results The basic values of PWMT showed there were no statistically significant differences between experimental group and control group ((10.27± 1.34)g vs (10.28 ±0.35)g,P＞0.05).Compared with the control group,the values of PWMT in experimental group at 0.5 h,1 h,2 h,3 h after administration of DHC were significantly increased(0.5 h:(8.18±0.87) g vs (4.85±0.65) g;1 h:(7.85±0.59) g vs (4.84±0.54) g;2 h:(7.36±0.49) g vs (4.90±0.59) g;3 h:(6.66±0.45) g vs (5.00±0.36) g;all P＜0.01).Compared with the control group,no significant effect was observed on the number mice crossed grids and lifted forelimb and stood in 2 min in the experimental group (P＞ 0.05).And no significant effect was observed on the liver,kidney,spleen,heart,lung and brain organ coefficient in the experiment group (P＞0.05).Conclusion DHC can alleviate CFA-induced mechanical hyperalgesia in mice.
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BACKGROUND: The aim of this study was to evaluate abnormalities in thyroid function according to tests and the humoral immune systems of patients from Eastern China with pediatric vitiligo. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A total of 145 pediatric patients with vitiligo were investigated in this study, along with 59 children without autoimmune diseases as controls. Laboratory tests of thyroid function were conducted, and these tests examined free triiodothyronine (FT3), free thyroxine (FT4), thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH), thyroglobulin antibody (TG-Ab), thyroid peroxidase antibody (TPO-Ab), antinuclear antibodies (ANAs), immunoglobulins (IgA, IgM, and IgG), and complements (C3 and C4). RESULTS: A total of 63 patients (43.4%), including 39 boys (44.3%) and 24 girls (42.1%), displayed abnormalities in thyroid function according to the tests. This finding indicated that patients with vitiligo differed significantly from those in the control group (P<0.001), particularly in terms of FT3 and TSH abnormalities (P<0.05). However, these groups did not deviate significantly with respect to FT4, Tg-Ab, and TPO-Ab abnormalities (P>0.05). Thirteen patients (8.9%) and 1 (1.7%) control were positive for ANA. All 12 specific antibodies were detected in 8 patients. Anti-SSA/Ro-60 and anti-SSA/Ro-52 were the most prevalent antibodies, followed by anti-dsDNA and then by anti-SmD1 and CENB-P. The serum levels of IgA and IgG decreased more significantly in the vitiligo group than in the control group (P<0.001). However, no significant difference was observed in terms of IgM levels (P>0.05). C4 serum levels also decreased more significantly in the vitiligo group than in the control group (P=0.035). CONCLUSIONS: Results suggest that the incidence of abnormalities in the thyroid functions of children and adolescents is significantly higher in those with vitiligo than that in those in the control group. In addition, immunological dysfunction is common in the vitiligo group.