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Chinese jujube (Ziziphus jujuba Mill.), an economically significant species in the Rhamnaceae family, is a popular fruit tree in Asia. The sugar and acid concentrations in jujube are considerably higher than those in other plants. Due to the low kernel rate, it is extremely difficult to establish hybrid populations. Little is known about jujube evolution and domestication, particularly with regard to the role of the sugar and acid components of jujube. Therefore, we used cover net control as a hybridization technique for the cross-breeding of Ziziphus jujuba Mill and 'JMS2' and (Z. acido jujuba) 'Xing16' to obtain an F1 population (179 hybrid progeny). The sugar and acid levels in the F1 and parent fruit were determined by HPLC. The coefficient of variation ranged from 28.4 to 93.9%. The sucrose and quinic acid levels in the progeny were higher than those in the parents. The population showed continuous distributions with transgressive segregation on both sides. Analysis by the mixed major gene and polygene inheritance model was performed. It was found that glucose is controlled by one additive-dominant major gene and polygenes, malic acid is controlled by two additive-dominant major genes and polygenes, and oxalic acid and quinic acid are controlled by two additive-dominant-epistatic major genes and polygenes. The results of this study provide insights into the genetic predisposition and molecular mechanisms underlying the role of sugar acids in jujube fruit.
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Objective To explore the risk factors and awareness level of deep vein thrombosis(DVT)in elderly outpatients in Shanghai community hospitals.Methods A total of 710 elderly outpatients were subjected with random sampling from 10 community hospitals in Shanghai.Au-tar deep vein thrombosis risk assessment scale and venous thromboembolism(VTE)self-manage-ment ability related knowledge scale were used to conduct questionnaire investigation.The influ-encing factors for risk level of DVT and for VTE self-management ability score were analyzed in these patients.Results The high-risk DVT group had significantly larger proportions of aged 65 years,primary school education or below,chronic diseases,BMI≥28 kg/m2,and suburban resi-dents than the low-risk DVT patients(88.0％vs 50.9％,65.5％vs 26.5％,94.8％vs 86.2％,12.9％vs 5.2％,58.2％vs 43.9％,P＜0.01).Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that age,education level,chronic disease,multimorbidity,BMI and residential area were independent risk factors for risk level of DVT in the elderly outpatients in community hospitals(P＜0.05,P＜0.01).Hypertension,cerebral infarction,cerebral hemorrhage and malignant tumors were inde-pendent risk diseases of DVT in the patients with multimorbidity(P＜0.01).Age,education lev-el,chronic diseases,BMI,smoking,residential area and other factors were related to the score of VTE self-management(P＜0.05,P＜0.01).Conclusion General practitioners should pay close attention to the elderly outpatients in community hospitals,with characteristics of advanced age,obesity,lower education level,chronic disease,multimorbidity and living in suburban area,espe-cially those with multiple diseases.What's more,awareness of risk for DVT and self-management ability should be improved simultaneously.
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Objective:To investigate the correlation between endothelial dysfunction and cardiomyocyte apoptosis during myocardial ischemia-reperfusion.Methods:A total of 63 male rats were selected to establish the rat model of myocardial ischemia-reperfusion by the ligation of the left anterior descending(LAD)coronary artery to simulate myocardial ischemia.Rats were divided into the control group and group Ⅰb, group Ⅰa, group Ⅱb, group Ⅱa, group Ⅲb and group Ⅲa.Control rats were treated only with LAD threading without ligation.In observation group, at 30, 90, 120 min after LAD ligation(marked as Ⅰ, Ⅱ, Ⅲ group respectively), loosen the ligation to simulate ischemia-reperfusion.In the observation group, captopril sublingual injection of 0.25 mg/kg before ligation were marked as group b, and as group a with no captopril injection.The circulating endothelial cells(CEC), endothelin(ET), nitric oxide(NO)and the apoptosis rate of cardiomyocytes in each group were measured.Results:The CEC and ET levels showed a continuous upward trend, and a NO level showed a continuous downward trend from group Ⅰa to Ⅱa to Ⅲa as compared with the control group( P<0.05). After using preventive intervention of captopril, the CEC and ET levels were lower and NO levels were higher in group Ⅱb and Ⅲb than in group Ⅱa and Ⅲa, respectively( P<0.05). The apoptotic rate of cardiomyocytes was higher in group Ⅰa than in the control group, and the apoptotic rate from high to low were from group Ⅲa[(235.71±40.25)%]to group Ⅱa[(197.28±43.56)%]to group Ⅰa[(138.55±32.87)%]and to the control group[(5.81±2.02)%]( P<0.05). The apoptotic rate of cardiomyocytes was lower in group Ⅱb[(125.67±26.51)%]and Ⅲb[(124.91±33.28)%]than in group Ⅱa and Ⅲa, respectively( P<0.05). Conclusions:The ischemia-reperfusion can cause endothelial dysfunction and the apoptosis of cardiomyocytes, and there is a close relationship between the degree of this lesions and the duration of ischemia-reperfusion.While, the appropriate application of angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor can inhibit the damage of cardiomyocytes to a some extent.
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Objective To explore the safety and efficacy of middle line approach identified with superior mesenteric vein in the right hemicolectomy combined with pancreaticoduodenectomy for colonic carcinoma involing liver and duodenun.Methods Clinical data of 13 patient's with right colonic cancer (T4b) undergoing right hemicolectomy combined with pancreaticoduodenectomy from Jan 2016 to Jul 2019 in He'nan Provincial Tumor Hospital were retrospectively analyzed.The superior mesenteric vein was used to mark the medial border of tumor resection.Vertical cutline was made to transverse mesocolon and all the way done to the root of superior mesenteric vein,the pancreas was cut in front of superior mesenteric vein,superior mesenteric artery and the affiliated lymph nodes were dissected.The stomach and pancreas were transected,the specimen was removed.Then the GI tract was reconstructed.Results Surgery was successful in all 13 patients.The operation time was (249 ± 27) min,blood loss was (442 ± 129) ml,2 cases suffered pancreatic fistula,there was no biliary fistula,and 1 case of delayed gastric emptying.There were no other major complications.The number of lymph node dissection was (20 ± 4) and hospital stay was (23.2-± 9.4) d.Conclusions It is safe and feasible to use the superior mesenteric vein-identified middle line approach in patients of right colonic cancer undergoing right hemicolectomy plus pancreaticoduodenectomy.